Cheatsheets / Learn JavaScript

Conditionals
Control Flow
Control flow is the order in which statements are
executed in a program. The default control flow is for
statements to be read and executed in order from left-
to-right, top-to-bottom in a program file.
Control structures such as conditionals ( if statements
and the like) alter control flow by only executing blocks of
code if certain conditions are met. These structures
essentially allow a program to make decisions about
which code is executed as the program runs.

Logical Operator ||
The logical OR operator || checks two values and
returns a boolean. If one or both values are truthy, it true || false; // true
returns true . If both values are falsy, it returns false . 10 > 5 || 10 > 20; // true
A B A || B false || false; // false
10 > 100 || 10 > 20; // false
false false false

false true true

true false true

true true true

Ternary Operator
The ternary operator allows for a compact syntax in the
case of binary (choosing between two choices) decisions. let price = 10.5;
It accepts a condition followed by a ? operator, and let day = "Monday";
then two expressions separated by a : . If the condition
evaluates to truthy, the first expression is executed,
day === "Monday" ? price -= 1.5 : price +=
otherwise, the second expression is executed.
1.5;
else Statement
An else block can be added to an if block or series of
if - else if blocks. The else block will be executed const isTaskCompleted = false;
only if the if condition fails.
if (isTaskCompleted) {
console.log('Task completed');
} else {
console.log('Task incomplete');
}

Logical Operator &&

The logical AND operator && checks two values and
returns a boolean. If both values are truthy, then it returns true && true; // true
true . If one, or both, of the values is falsy, then it returns 1 > 2 && 2 > 1; // false
false . true && false; // false
4 === 4 && 3 > 1; // true

switch Statement
The switch statements provide a means of checking an
expression against multiple case clauses. If a case const food = 'salad';
matches, the code inside that clause is executed.
The case clause should finish with a break keyword. If switch (food) {
no case matches but a default clause is included, the case 'oyster':
code inside default will be executed.
console.log('The taste of the sea
Note: If break is omitted from the block of a case , the
🦪');
switch statement will continue to check against case
break;
values until a break is encountered or the flow is broken.
case 'pizza':
console.log('A delicious pie 🍕');
break;
default:
console.log('Enjoy your meal');
}

// Prints: Enjoy your meal

if Statement
An if statement accepts an expression with a set of
parentheses: const isMailSent = true;

If the expression evaluates to a truthy value, then

if (isMailSent) {
the code within its code body executes.
console.log('Mail sent to recipient');
If the expression evaluates to a falsy value, its code }
body will not execute.
Truthy and Falsy
In JavaScript, values evaluate to true or false when
evaluated as Booleans.

Values that evaluate to true are known as truthy

Values that evaluate to false are known as falsy

Falsy values include false , 0 , empty strings, null

undefined , and NaN . All other values are truthy.

Logical Operator !
The logical NOT operator ! can be used to do one of
the following: let lateToWork = true;
let oppositeValue = !lateToWork;
Invert a Boolean value.

Invert the truthiness of non-Boolean values. console.log(oppositeValue);

// Prints: false

Comparison Operators
Comparison operators are used to comparing two values
and return true or false depending on the validity of 1 > 3 // false
the comparison: 3 > 1 // true
250 >= 250 // true
=== strict equal
1 === 1 // true
!== strict not equal 1 === 2 // false
> greater than 1 === '1' // false

>= greater than or equal

< less than

<= less than or equal

else if Clause
After an initial if block, else if blocks can each check
an additional condition. An optional else block can be const size = 10;
added after the else if block(s) to run by default if
none of the conditionals evaluated to truthy. if (size > 100) {
console.log('Big');
} else if (size > 20) {
console.log('Medium');
} else if (size > 4) {
console.log('Small');
} else {
console.log('Tiny');
}
// Print: Small