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Lab
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
55 views58 pagesLab Physics journal-BS1002
Lab
Uploaded by
rayyanop2005Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 58
Government College of Engineering,
Aurangabad.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS IN
CONTENTS
NG. TITLE PAGE | DATE REMARKS
lL €/m_Tromson's Metnod. o\_|1¢/4/17
2.| Newstons Ring 6 20/11/17 |
2. :
a4
[Forbidden enengyqapat | o& | ay sea} f oe
emiconductor f
A} Diffraction Grating | 1 fso/tov7 as
. | a
-5_{Resoluing pow. of Telexope | 1a {3/0/17 \ IE
: 2
. : ie
$1 Angular re vergenc@ of laser 16 }LV9/17 | —_|
@_| beam \)
_ ae recon | ne)
s1.| Velocity of sownd by a | ee
Liltrasonic_Tnterferoneter fe/a/ia | f
gl WoveLengih by He-Ne gos | 22 (/II/I7 \
_|tnser — - —— —
| Hall “ettect ay feof}
‘1p. Study_of C:RO. 28 bona __
MEATA Date.ig/ 2 12017)
Experiment-|
\ Siinemnenne Method
I
“Aion :To determine — specific charge of electron
| by Thom sons — method.
|
‘Apparatus: Thomsons tube , magnetometer, bor
Magnet , power Supply , Mognetic needle.
Formula: e/m= Pati) td
\ [cn-dx ox t*
¢
But, CH-dod= “v2 Han CL-2) doe
E=w 10? ermu_/em
em = vy th) 8. 7% C22
ol [V2 PH+ SSC. dob]
| and velocity of electron is'given by | :
| ee
| ACA BAS CLs hdd,
| where,
| e+ charge on electron
I m: Mass of electron Plate ..
I Ps Length of deflection plate.
ve potential difference applied between
the two-plates’ to nulirty the deflection
of the spot
MOHINI es Dae 120,
i ®kxA=AaRDt—l/h";,. eS =
| N= Potential diffe applied hed” tw wo plates
ko oulify the diftection of spo°be |
N= Deflection of Spot on the Sereoo:
A= Plate to Screen dictaunce » (
a sears bet he to plates: ;
i ~I 7 Se
® ree: of Ht
a = Elect Ke intensity +
Wterx) dae Ared Under the curve af a: #33 \
between (t-%) 4%
shhere fore,
Me Tldiet 2F Hand -®
where,
M- agnetic a haber magnet
= . e i
netic bield
ay a et” centyeot cannee |
L = Half re leo gts fa corm pleke fro ! uphe Fey
rm- mag oe pac ent & a Aa nah
la
et’ cent moa o2
i the ma of Let when apnt 8
hyongld -ty ‘its ‘otal posth an + Le. fou
null dedlechan
Ising eqh 1, 3) 4) 4 (5) specific chong 24.0
of netic enormenst of hat
mee w inteuily a cletvic Held ad pad
ton be calewlobed cen Be
Procedure:
| ad Detexminatian af aa mament tm) df a
how mnogeatiland £ ater of dof lect” n erag netors
Chey rn tank pobstien -
mn 2A an
A) Adjust he ara bel” cenhre ct bad |
i le |
Qhen be Are needle of deSlettion | |
mognertarna bert defers Hans. als use,
ote ®(u)— Colestate mn - - | Observation:
-\) Horizontal. component of earth magnetic
field /=0-36 oersted.
2) Length of deflecting plate= p= 2m
3) Deflecting plates screen distance =1=16cm
4) Space between deflecting plate sCad=0-4¢Mm
5) Sit to screen distance =L= Fo
=16+2/2 =!7em
a) P.D between two plates to nullify the
deflection of the pot = —L — - volts.
4) Deflection of the spot on the screen
Y= le - -cm
3) R=RitR2 =distance of bar mognet for Lom
deflection = 10-2 -cm.
Caloulot-ion Por magnetic moment of bar
magnet,
1) Length
D ength of bar magnet = Jz 4-9 om
2) Width of bar magnet =0-Bcin
d2=l-4em 43 =10-5cen
oli = datas = 10. 4sem
2
m = H/C 24.02) tone
mm = 0360 (10.45)2+6]°/2__ trom eq C4)
=0.36 C169. 2972
om = 4424 amp om S*No yon RL H
Oo | yar Del €
2 | we
@ 4 |
Y} 2 | 10-8 10-244
4 | 8 | ior | 0.259
s | 4) ag Jo und
| | fr
GC | S | Meh | ot815
a) 4
|
8 14
ao
io | @
a 3
mo.
13
1G
1S
\c
Vt
8
‘9
Veloaty af e~ pone ve banat
ae
so ax GLb attr) £100
lh [hen sx g
wef |-o- 29 7 |-¢.63
b=o-39 |. tC 1
| 6126) IS |- 3-90
Hor l6 | jy |-242u
F006, | 43 rO-74
| BeQT be | G+8U
Dg MN. te o.gs
VO, | 43
4,1 gh2
BS | 314
Bf 304
oy -)
Sy Ie
“48 1635
uy -600u
4 okt
9 ve
yh TOE 7
2
Oy
AC’, CAs i ate
oul oryctos)* 3)
= &-9Tx10% os Observalians ° :
Niet wna com vend hal, = rr 46 oenstods .
‘length of. def lect” pokes P = Dem:
v
a4
2) Distance bet! plade fo seveen Bavtecen ,
W) Space bet” chettecting . plate (d= 04cm.
5) Split fo screen distance ~ .
tae Dette oe ecm,
&).P.D belween two plates to. vullity hel
spot deflection be Va AY.
F) Deflection ttn epot on a sereen Yet cm.
%) Re = 2 Aistan ce of gg magn Fay Lun
deflection ¢ 10. 26 rh
e
2)
a . } . 7 = Fee tae 720 #
r TT
|b) ) keep He Corthodo ray tube in_m,
netic
toeridiao: “4 oo
it) Ranacct -the flag pinot tathade 4 Aube
aoe the ex l ‘th +
2 ew 62Can: ‘ 1
obtained an the crreeQ AdjutFa it to zens
asian:
ai) Keep tne bow -toagnet A to the € Beam and_|
‘ust its
spot Q def lected Hegeugl Aeon Measure
‘i Ao ply potential didferense between Actierh
CR To
Spa t note Hao PDH i-e V in volt,
e) Debora 1 Hab vant {
VY Meajune 2' (Rolo LAD
ii) Caluake + for oak’ tol oat |
9) 1) Plot Heo ays, of blt-x)% XA Wodure é
curve B shown in graph wy)
ti) Aveo under tne eieve gives ee alue or
hex) das
“WY Ose 9°01 33) find od valuer & teak VW |
oh_dlechre.
| Ress en = wITX ioe emus
MEET formulate © - PVYC M+ Ux) 0°
afie ht ‘Tu dy] =
ry
= 2K TSK (1x 10%
o-u[ yx239 Ko-Ug 2+ UY *
= 27540 K 10%
52° U9
fs LIT RIOT emU
/ Pan No txp.(2 CT
= [Fete ale Q : 4
. anne —
Newtons ae
Aim: “Te determine ~He radius of curvatuve of a
given _lens by o using Newtons ning ¢
Apparatus : “havelling microscope 4 plano conve x |
lens souree , wooden block with inclind sbrd},
| “Weary + lal han plano cpavex lens unith jt:
conven Surface is placed On a Plane ¢ lacs
plate on ai | 4ilen of quadudlly ineveasing
ricknercof He files ab the Sant af co Utaet
fs zero» Tf monochwomah'e lglt tc allowed
— |L fa norm 2 the Glm te allowed to fall |
|_notroot) id the film ic allowed 4p velwed
is yellerted Ligta , ablesnabe davk & bvigqtt)!
| Comcentwic Tings eras _argu nd Hw poind af |
+ bed® the | 7 |
as plate |
dre seen -“These called Newtan'e rag |
i
Procedure fiast of ne eyepiece of dhe ni !
te xe 1s ” e. tae @ mMicraseo
it juste wires N *\
4s a {usted un Hi | th Vings wrth dav contre _|
are iw well focus Aw contre ol he cro Wve
nie adjusted dl the centre of he Keenge pattern
wes sve faktings Me PACD Stone moved lt
& EE _
"MEET : . = a Observation table *-
Ring Left pattern ‘ Rieg Vig. pattern | Diarvelo| a
No. Nemnies reading ” wn Mergiey wad (D)
fof.
g [dds |? 2 SUZ > || 6: ug¢ | O° 2u6
4 30,36 4 2549 | od | o 2h
& } 9-022 } ¢ 2OKG | O48T 0 1G0
5 | [email protected]. » Sore 20596 | o Gla] olT3
u 29900 fed --pe600 | 01890 || ON
3 (48 13°69 | O86 el) O127
2 aE | § 2OUO~ | ordis 0 09¥
: ) (2658 .| o-2@d']) 0-078
‘
Uce “$mallest Divigign 0 MS x “ol i= odolem
Total nordivision on US [9,
pe they i : e
TRF MSR + OOLKEGR «.
Re Din- On
Alen) ne Page No [ae G7 770)
the scree eth of the patter fala he eas
wire ts _adfucl dan genti ably 4 a the mo P_O°
mid oe dak {utnge. the ceading. af _veanie
c —ol_mictascapi cis tated. tatcrascope ts moved!
pe taht ond te read rier Scale are noted
[diameter af each xing Vs calculated “He radius]
hs _caleulated ram quapls and hy calcwadion _|
thod
Lone:
Foroulot radius of emvature of o lens ts diver |
Mt
iu Re Ym -0n
— 4 \(m- n)
—
R= radius of eurvatuve of a_leng
As G_ given sour
Bm £hn- Square of diorreted ofni
ia neipertively
ee ae stingy a a 7 .
Ry = OF- DT a OW ROML Moe MTZ 4
(THA. YK H89dxigs !
Pre DI-Ne = _o-2U 0/190" = Stu)
(AQUA, “xX SS93eIOE a
2,- 2 = OH NFO-ONTB iS TS TR
23574104
Kenean = SUT B64 EE ae TS 1G
= 1054 Paan No
ve by calculation: \05°% cme
2'R fram graph + 10%) 7 ces.
=
op
A
Cems) Zl
ul
/
sd -_ [Eags'tio, _ € xP @ 7 a Date si J
FORBIDDEN ENERGY GaP CEg) of SEMICONDUCTOr |
“Bien T determtne the for hidden _enerqa gaplty) |
Of semicgnductm metal «
Theory + “The p-n jundian Is af: tropor tout
2 lement of ros + electyan{t devices
tom a_—sienple diode to a tyancis ert
to an integrated cht. “the study Pte |
bound the structure of ie steroids
Oxs 1s— alo, tenp: be come it ts di xect ly
telated to it's electyica) panpesty. ‘In
foxinarcl bias ;the relation bebseen
vol e and temp is tound to be almost |
Lineay within a certo o term perature
ron ge Chorachteristhc of cemiconductyt
Theat The cuntent= Voltage Clnorr othe teri tic
‘ 45 Tbe,
ig ig qhnten equakicn
Je To (exp lev/eT= 1) )
where Tf u
To ts moxie wuysent fy sa lange
osama See Page No
—= - - ee
_ cee —biar vol 2 ig Ho electan _|
choy jis the voltoge oes $ Hs ahiad o|
| te cl bale mean nanytanttacoss abe diode, |
tem ure
om Jarnduc gme_simplittc
first we will ainget surawl, to
regions where 2 cap pee ect -+ho
eq(z) 59"
bi 0- erm we
ohtai ev = 0')
KT o.025 |
ev o,thic 0 ¥1
kT
es ‘wah taste
reqiae of Nnterat =
& need expreAtion +n
Teverso cuyvend Tr which depends
Chargiy on temp, but pot ao VI bt can
Th rs
he ¢hawo hed fs Pr por tional tn Hac
BoHz man facton © (- Ble T) and to
3t¥>, where > ts beats
a4
(To =AT * exp(-§/ket) —6€) |
we can neglect Ane T2t"/* de pendence
MEET of To fn companisan to the exponential =
f con =AT
| a eonstant, so,
To = 6 exp (-Eg/ kT) —O
If we combine Eq OE Q we get
T= erp (<6 eT + een
Expevimantally we maintain he current
| Tas acomstruat, and we thus waite
C= evs
fe
wuheve , C= 4of
“TE we write £, (0)
ies cay -tq —@O
ee ke
tolich ts the linead relation provided |
Land M' we ure thad a= e/Kec and b=-tyihvc
pW owe bog a_and obtut oleae eee
fe
wel
eK fe |m
ee
Ey - —b i <— @ i
J a oe if i
Equation D vetates the band gop |
the a aaa 8
MEET yolues of porameten
| Piveedas ees
Ho experi delor mire
a_and b 1 Z
A- Suited on ro main supply
Q-cannect the diode Cow LED) undey
invest ian _-to jack marked ample”
2 -Acdiuet the cua ac the dude|
for a convinient value lOuA by
Naru ing the volontiomell ot TTP lotuy
Ppotentiametery |
ue ‘Place the vilian o'] Filled boakey in
Oven: Guoitch on +he aven and hot He
ventas |Nesnier 1a] om
yy i Vee PM Lo | 28
REO ygu.og? | aac? | tisay asa? sn | 4S53
Yellow-T | 135-73° | aisle? | rma spe [urs | uosy
Yells =} 136-375" i a reer? asqas? Guat |. uLug
_Gween. | 197-83° | git.as? | 1160"? 25608") ag-7] | 3084
Blue | ti Ase" aut ITU BSLUIG 2393| 29-9)
@, ae
dA - Diameter of opjective of telescope
OQ = width of Slit mounted om the object
teleicnpe in He pocit™ of just reso
6 — Seperahion bed tte hog Mew pt ot
aa S\iky of Ligh Source *
$s Caltulodions !
Resolving power of telescopes Ap
i t-220b
=. Yad
PracHcal value of resolving: powers = ied
poge)
= 2:¢9 KIO4ad,
e
Yedd 2 20F KUT = Q.62TH R10 Yad
UZ N22 xO 6 ETKOT ROLY
Geet
2) AD = _9-OF KUO = 9.4108 x10 70d
U2 xb 1.22 00-2 XO -19L
4 at
2) dO = gotxuso = 9-127 x0 rod
22KOb. s ypena KO.3 4O0T :
a : : i :
aS Tine
aly, ' Page No
f ie Ha Erereeeentone ao 2 .
Pais Sere i foe |
|) Tatee the Ne Ligh sue co, connect it esith |
ik power Supply and cui teh onthe powed
pancho whith sepesabion bal”
ce Orrce |
at j -¢ metey take car
shat Te axis ts in line with Slip
u) Note the leaut count of microermt maler
Screw penvicled twith io the recetangulary
Stiq-
<) Now apen “Hao rechang lov sut complelela)
ODA fori -the Jelereo san _+he Cpr.
Co thot Heo dictintimage of ctyips S|
geen ifttne Held of view
i)
|
Cf) Note the ppm sere reodting od ris i]
Nee again rotate tho micrometer su y
Lo the Same otjrvection untill there ts - |
; umenplete dacknew inthe field of views}
2) pn note He reading of micrometer |
Age t 4
10) ~Tace +o Mfference af two reac |
—— =)
m= MEET: Observation tulle 2-
$4] Recicling of micrometer screw Reading picromeles Stray] >
no. hil e Closing Hoe Slit gradu
while opering He Shit gradually] wid
when | whenfidl! yidthall When |Avhenteoll”) with) of
cy | Peaoka” | of view! Sit oti MN.
Tattenes |. becormey) q.=n-X.| Surterdey aE YY) aaah
| Aa | davk yg) cn in ond
— | Shh al 7
nm | 0206 | o.ort | evigg [OrOIT 6208 Joigg baset, e
: | & i
nen | O04 i 0-014 onog | 001 OWNED Jor lOy jose
| fio” ‘ ;
01654 [0°05
_
a
1) Sor dhe wit! ofthe stit at juad . resolution pita,
Cf Wa miaqometer surews O.05aN ,.
To dey no hdisiom on theci radar sale = 5d -
Neouk coumt of micromedbon screw = Pitdh|toted no-&
Avision ante Urculay scales odolen,
DL) for the separation b blus the ship feaskcount of
vernet CaMipers=0-001CM Tota reading b]w th two
Strip = Ms RAVS- 22
3) diameter d of objective of telescope = 2-08 cr »
\U) distance of Sit of gh source ot obj echyeat Felercop:
sym | 04083 | 0-006") woe 0:009 00612
: |
|
Dress
5) usourelength of No Light serurree=hg 43 N° Date 7720)
|
ol Hie ich ameter crew, $ Heat rig qjies Mee wit
|of the micemeter screw, ~ rectanguloy
Sli in the positon af fust ceo
two Strips
mi ©
in the same airection Hil a sere
just appear 40 be seperored fmm Can
Othe’ |
12) Agetin cthe creadbn micro metbey caetw
1 pete. 7
MEET 7 hs txp 6)
Date 7/20
Experiment NO+ ee }
|_C Objective:
_____ Determination of the. angulay dive gence
—___of Lacex eam
“Lkem iyed : — 2 -
| _'] optics bench.
2] Measure ment Unit
3) laser | source! ne
4) Photo Sates eeceeeeeeeeees
S)-Two fixed Stand
410ne Sliding
