TE - Experiment - 6 Final

School of
SINGAPORE Architecture &

POLYTECHNIC The Built
Environment
Diploma in Civil Engineering with Business
EXPERIMENT NO. 6:
Sieve Analysis of Aggregates for Subbase Material
Academic Year: 2023/2024 S1
Module Code: BE8313
Module Name: Transportation Engineering
Group No: Class: DCEB/FT/3A/23
Student Name Admission No.

Thaqif Zulkifflee P2017390
Zhang Chengyang 1615164
Lecturer: Mr Loo Score:

AIM
To determine the particle size distribution of coarse and fine aggregates by dry sieve
analysis.
INTRODUCTION
Sub-base material shall be natural sand, crushed rock or crushed concrete or

Recycled Aggregates, which is a product from the processing of Construction and
Demolition (C&D) wastes, or any other granular material accepted by the Engineer.
The material shall be well-graded and lie within the grading limits of Table 6.1. The
particle size shall be determined in accordance with BS 1377.
Table 6.1 Gradation of Sub-Base Material
BS Sieve Size % by Weight Passing
75 mm 100
37.5 mm 85-100
10 mm 45-100
5 mm 25-85
600 µm 8-45
75 µm 0-10
A sample of dry aggregates of known mass is separated through a series of sieves

of progressively smaller openings for determination of particle size distribution.
Particle size distribution by sieve analysis presents the relative proportions of different
sizes of particles and determines their gradation curve.
APPARATUS
a) Test sieves should be 75 mm, 37.5 mm, 10 mm, 5 mm, 600 m, and 75 m in
size, along with a receiving pan.
b) Balances that are accurate to within 0.1% of the sample's weight.

c) Sieve brushes
d) Tray(s).
e) A mechanical sieve shaker
PROCEDURE
a) 1 kg of oven-dried representative aggregate samples are weighed.
b) The sample is made up of coarse aggregates between 400 g and 500 g & fine
aggregates between 500 g and 600 g.
c) The aggregates are placed and arranged on the sieve stack in order of
decreasing sieve size.
d) The sieve stack is placed on the mechanical sieve shaker. The shaker is run for
10 minutes, controlled by an automatic shut-off timer.
e) The sieve stack is removed from the sieve shaker and the amount of aggregates
retained on each sieve is weighed.
RESULTS & CALCULATIONS
a) Enter all information in the data sheet provided and calculate the percentage
passing each sieve.
Coarse Aggregates = 400.7 g
Fine Aggregates = 600.3 g
Total mass of soil sample: 1001 g

Sieve Size Min Passing
Mass Mass Cumulative Max
(mm) (%)
Retained Passing % by weight Passing
(g) (g) passing (%)
75 0.0 1001.00 100.00 100 100
37.5 0.0 1001.00 100.00 100 85
10 242.4 758.60 75.78 100 45
5 161.3 597.30 59.67 85 25
0.600 398.5 198.80 19.86 45 8
0.075 185.0 13.80 1.38 10 0
Pan 12.4 1.40 0.14
Total 999.6
b) Plot the following grading curves on a standard semi-log graph paper or using
MS Excel and logarithmic scale on x-axis.
i) Upper and lower grading limits of percentage by weight passing against

sieve size accordingly to Table 6.1.
ii) Cumulative percentage by weight passing of the aggregates against

sieve size.
c) From the grading curve, estimate the percentage of coarse aggregates, fine
aggregates and filler in this sample.
Type of Coarse Aggregate Fine Aggregate (FA) Filler

Aggregates (CA)
Size Range (mm) 4.75 - 0.075 > 0.063

≥ 4.75
% from the 100% - % at % at 4.75 mm - filler % % at 0.063 mm

grading curve 4.75 mm = 28 - 1 = 27 % =1%
= 100 - 28 = 72 %
DISCUSSION
a. Discuss the significance of the sieve analysis of aggregates.
The sieve analysis examines the gradation (the distribution of aggregate

particles by size within a specific sample) in order to assess conformity with
design, production control requirements, and validation criteria. For example,
by graphically charting gradation curves, it is possible to determine correlations
between different aggregates or aggregate blends, assess compatibility with
such blends, and forecast production patterns.
b. List at least three (3) precautions that you should take to ensure best results.
i. Sweep each test sieve with a brush. In order to preserve a more

accurate result when weighing the samples in accordance with their
sizes, make sure that there are no residual fine or coarse debris on each
sieve.
ii. To prevent receiving erroneous findings, check the sieves for worn-out
meshes, deformed openings, or torn meshes.
iii. Check to see if the sieves are not too full. A finished sieve should only
hold between one and two layers of material. The mesh will become
clogged by too much material, giving false results.
c. Comment on the grading curve of the sample and state whether it complies with
the mix gradation specified by LTA.
The sample is suitable to serve as the sub-base for the road based on the
"Materials and Workmanship Specification for Civil and Structural Works" by the
Land Transport Authority because the percentage of weight passing through the
sieve size is within the upper and lower limit of the requirement.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1) When the mechanical sieve shaker is in use, stay away from it at all times.
2) Before beginning to weigh, make sure the electronic balance has been tared.
3) Put on a face mask to prevent breathing in fine aggregate dust.
REFERENCE
● Ben B., 2016. Sieve Analysis of Coarse Aggregate: From the Field to the Lab.
(Online) Available at:
https://www.globalgilson.com/blog/sieve-analysis-of-coarse-aggregate
● In.gov, 2020. SIEVE ANALYSIS OF FINE AND COARSE AGGREGATES.

(Online) Available at:
https://www.in.gov/indot/div/mt/aashto/testmethods/aashto_t27.pdf

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School of

SINGAPORE Architecture &

Diploma in Civil Engineering with Business

Module Code: BE8313

Module Name: Transportation Engineering

Group No: Class: DCEB/FT/3A/23

Student Name Admission No.

Zhang Chengyang 1615164

Lecturer: Mr Loo Score:

Sub-base material shall be natural sand, crushed rock or crushed concrete or

Table 6.1 Gradation of Sub-Base Material

BS Sieve Size % by Weight Passing

A sample of dry aggregates of known mass is separated through a series of sieves

b) Balances that are accurate to within 0.1% of the sample's weight.

e) A mechanical sieve shaker

Coarse Aggregates = 400.7 g

Fine Aggregates = 600.3 g

Total mass of soil sample: 1001 g

75 0.0 1001.00 100.00 100 100

37.5 0.0 1001.00 100.00 100 85

10 242.4 758.60 75.78 100 45

5 161.3 597.30 59.67 85 25

0.600 398.5 198.80 19.86 45 8

0.075 185.0 13.80 1.38 10 0

Pan 12.4 1.40 0.14

i) Upper and lower grading limits of percentage by weight passing against

ii) Cumulative percentage by weight passing of the aggregates against

Type of Coarse Aggregate Fine Aggregate (FA) Filler

Size Range (mm) 4.75 - 0.075 > 0.063

% from the 100% - % at % at 4.75 mm - filler % % at 0.063 mm

The sieve analysis examines the gradation (the distribution of aggregate

i. Sweep each test sieve with a brush. In order to preserve a more

3) Put on a face mask to prevent breathing in fine aggregate dust.

● In.gov, 2020. SIEVE ANALYSIS OF FINE AND COARSE AGGREGATES.

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