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Homework 2 Correlated Ttests Answers

This document contains the results of three separate statistical analyses using correlated samples t-tests. The first study found that papers that were typed received significantly higher grades on average than the same papers graded when handwritten. The second study found that students had significantly higher blood pressure on average during final exams week compared to earlier in the semester. The third study found that participants reported significantly less pain on average when hypnotized compared to when not hypnotized.

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24 views2 pages

Homework 2 Correlated Ttests Answers

This document contains the results of three separate statistical analyses using correlated samples t-tests. The first study found that papers that were typed received significantly higher grades on average than the same papers graded when handwritten. The second study found that students had significantly higher blood pressure on average during final exams week compared to earlier in the semester. The third study found that participants reported significantly less pain on average when hypnotized compared to when not hypnotized.

Uploaded by

Nazia Syed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Correlated Samples t-test Exercise

Answers

1. Suppose you are a researcher interested in the factors influencing paper grading by
professors. You have a hunch (and/or previous research) might lead you to predict that papers
that are typed are rated higher than papers that are handwritten. So you have 10 freshman
students currently taking English as well as an introductory psychology course each write one
paper. They should each provide two copies of their paper (one typed and one handwritten).
Next, we enlist the aid of 20 English instructors. We randomly assign 10 instructors to each of
two groups. Each instructor in one group (the control group) will grade each of the 10 papers
that are hand written, while the second group (the experimental group) will grade the same
papers that are typed. Does typing a paper influence the grade it receives?

Table 1: Descriptive Statistics and t‐test Essay Grades by Presentation Format


Outcome Presentation
Written Typed 95% CI for Mean
M SD M SD n Difference r t df
Grade 81.70 3.92 85.60 3.03 10 ‐7.44, ‐0.36 ‐.002 ‐2.49* 9
* p < .05.

There are statistically significant, at the .05 level, mean differences in grades received between typed and
written essays. Those essays typed tended to receive, on average, higher grades than did written essays.

2. Investigators propose that students have elevated blood pressure during finals week due to
stress and anxiety associated with testing. To assess this hypothesis, eight students
volunteered to have their blood pressure taken at the beginning of the semester and then again
during finals week. The blood pressure data (diastolic) is listed below. Is there any evidence that
blood pressure levels do differ during finals week?

Table 2: Descriptive Statistics and t‐test Blood Pressure by Time of the Semester
Outcome Week Tested
Week 1 Finals Week 95% CI for Mean
M SD M SD n Difference r t df
Blood Pressure 76.00 11.40 82.63 11.41 8 ‐11.70, ‐1.55 .86 ‐3.09* 7
* p < .05.

There are statistically significant mean differences in blood pressure between the beginning and end of
the semester for the eight students tested. Blood pressure was higher during finals week than during the
first week of the semester.
3. A study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of hypnotism in reducing pain. Results
for randomly selected subjects are given below. At the 5% level of significance, test the claim
that the sensory measurements are different for each student before and after hypnotism
(scores are on a pain scale with higher scores indicating more pain). Assume sensory
measurements are normally distributed.

Table 3: Descriptive Statistics and t‐test Level of Pain Experienced by Hypnotic State
Outcome Hypnotic State
Not
Hypnotized
Hypnotized 95% CI for Mean
M SD M SD n Difference r t df
Pain Experienced 8.71 2.18 5.59 2.61 8 0.69, 5.56 .27 3.04* 7
* p < .05.

There are statistically significant mean differences in level of pain experienced across hypnotic states.
Under hypnosis, study participants reported less pain than when not under hypnosis.

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