Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

EXERCISE-1
a. Write a c program to print a block F using hash(#), where the F has a height of six
characters and width of five and four characters
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("#####\n");
printf("#\n");
printf("#\n");
printf("####\n");
printf("#\n");
printf("#\n");
return(0);
}
(Or)

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int row,col;
for(row=6;row>=1;row--){
for(col=1;col<=6;col++){
if(row==6 || col==1)
printf("#");
}
for(col=1;col<=4;col++){
if(row==4)
printf("#");
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

OUTPUT:-
#####
#
#
####
#
#

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
b. Write a c program to compute the parameter and area of a rectangle with a height of 7
inches and width of 5 inches
Program:-
#include <stdio.h>
/* height and width of a rectangle in inches */
int width;
int height;
int area;
int perimeter;
int main() {
height = 7;
width = 5;
perimeter = 2*(height + width);
printf("Perimeter of the rectangle = %d inches\n", perimeter);
area = height * width;
printf("Area of the rectangle = %d square inches\n", area);
return(0);
}

Output:-
Perimeter of the rectangle = 24 inches
Area of the rectangle = 35 square inches

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

c. write a c program to display multiple variables

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a = 125, b = 12345;
long ax = 1234567890;
short s = 4043;
float x = 2.13459;
double dx = 1.1415927;
char c = 'W';
unsigned long ux = 2541567890;
printf("a + c = %d\n", a + c);
printf("x + c = %f\n", x + c);
printf("dx + x = %f\n", dx + x);
printf("((int) dx) + ax = %ld\n", ((int) dx) + ax);
printf("a + x = %f\n", a + x);
printf("s + b = %d\n", s + b);
printf("ax + b = %ld\n", ax + b);
printf("s + c = %hd\n", s + c);
printf("ax + c = %ld\n", ax + c);
printf("ax + ux = %lu\n", ax + ux);
}
Output:-
a + c = 212
x + c = 89.134590
dx + x = 3.276183
((int) dx) + ax = 1234567891
a + x = 127.134590
s + b = 16388
ax + b = 1234580235
s + c = 4130
ax + c = 1234567977
ax + ux = 3776135780

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

Exercise-2
2(a).Write a program to print the distance between the two points

Program:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main()
{
float x1, y1, x2, y2, gdistance;
printf("Input x1: ");
scanf("%f", &x1);
printf("Input y1: ");
scanf("%f", &y1);
printf("Input x2: ");
scanf("%f", &x2);
printf("Input y2: ");
scanf("%f", &y2);
gdistance = ((x2-x1)*(x2-x1))+((y2-y1)*(y2-y1));
printf("Distance between the said points: %.4f", sqrt(gdistance));
printf("\n");
return 0;
}

Output:

Input x1: 25
Input y1: 15
Input x2: 35
Input y2: 10
Distance between the said points: 11.1803

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

2(b). Write a c program that accept 4 integers p,q,r,s from the user where r and s are
positive and p is even.if q is greater than r and s is greater than p and if the sum of r and s
is greater than the sum of p and q print"correct value",otherwise print "wrong values"

Program:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int p, q, r, s;

printf("\nInput the first integer: ");

scanf("%d", &p);
printf("\nInput the second integer: ");
scanf("%d", &q);
printf("\nInput the third integer: ");
scanf("%d", &r);
printf("\nInput the fourth integer: ");
scanf("%d", &s);

if((q > r) && (s > p) && ((r+s) > (p+q)) && (r > 0) && (s > 0) && (p%2 == 0))
{
printf("\nCorrect values\n");
}
else {
printf("\nWrong values\n");
}
return 0;
}
Output:

Input the first integer: 25

Input the second integer: 35

Input the third integer: 15

Input the fourth integer: 46

Wrong values

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

Exercise-3

a. Write a c program to convert a string to a long integer

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main ()
{
char buffer[] = "2016 40a0b0 -1101110100110111100110 0x5abfff";
char * ptr_end;
long int i1, i2, i3, i4;

i1 = strtol (buffer,&ptr_end,10);
i2 = strtol (ptr_end,&ptr_end,16);
i3 = strtol (ptr_end,&ptr_end,2);
i4 = strtol (ptr_end,NULL,0);
printf ("\nIn decimals: %ld, %ld, %ld, %ld.\n\n", i1, i2, i3,i4);
return 0;
}
Output:
In decimals: 2016, 4235440, -3624422, 5947391.

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

b. Write a program c which is a menu driven program to compute the area of the various
geometric shape

#include <stdio.h>
void main ()
{
int choice,r,l,w,b,h;
float area;
printf("Input 1 for area of circle\n");
printf("Input 2 for area of rectangle\n");
printf("Input 3 for area of triangle\n");
printf("Input your choice : ");
scanf("%d",&choice);
switch(choice)
{
case 1:
printf("Input radious of the circle : ");
scanf("%d",&r);
area=3.14*r*r;
break;
case 2:
printf("Input length and width of the rectangle :");
scanf("%d%d",&l,&w);
area=l*w;
break;
case 3:
printf("Input the base and hight of the triangle:");
scanf("%d%d",&b,&h);
area=.5*b*h;
break;
}
printf("The area is : %f\n",area);
}

Output :
for area of circle
Input 2 for area of rectangle
Input 3 for area of triangle
Input your choice : 1
Input radious of the circle : 5
The area is : 78.500000
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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

c. Write a c program to calculate the factorial of a given number

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n, i;
unsigned long long factorial = 1;

printf("Enter an integer: ");

scanf("%d",&n);

// show error if the user enters a negative integer

if (n < 0)
printf("Error! Factorial of a negative number doesn't exist.");

else
{
for(i=1; i<=n; ++i)
{
factorial *= i; // factorial = factorial*i;
}
printf("Factorial of %d = %llu", n, factorial);
}

return 0;
}

Output:
Enter an integer: 10
Factorial of 10 = 3628800

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
Exercise-4
4a Calculate n terms of even natural number and their sum

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i,n,sum=0;
printf("Input number of terms : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\nThe even numbers are :");
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
printf("%d ",2*i);
sum+=2*i;
}
printf("\nThe Sum of even Natural Number upto %d terms : %d \n",n,sum);
}

Output :
Input number of terms : 5
The even numbers are :2 4 6 8 10
The Sum of even Natural Number upto 5 terms : 30

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

4b Calculate the harmonic series and their sum

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i,n;
float s=0.0;
printf("Input the number of terms : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\n\n");
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
if(i<n)
{
printf("1/%d + ",i);
s+=1/(float)i;
}
if(i==n)
{
printf("1/%d ",i);
s+=1/(float)i;
}
}
printf("\nSum of Series upto %d terms : %f \n",n,s);
}

Output:

Input the number of terms: 5

1/1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 + 1/5

Sum of Series upto 5 terms : 2.283334

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

4c Write a c program to check whether given number is Armstrong or not

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n,r,sum=0,temp;
printf("enter the number=");
scanf("%d",&n);
temp=n;
while(n>0)
{
r=n%10;
sum=sum+(r*r*r);
n=n/10;
}
if(temp==sum)
printf("armstrong number ");
else
printf("not armstrong number");
return 0;
}

Output:

enter the number=153

armstrong number

enter the number=5

not armstrong number

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

Exercise-5
5(a). Write a program in C to print all unique elements in an array.

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int arr1[100], n,ctr=0;
int i, j, k;
printf("\n\nPrint all unique elements of an array:\n");
printf("------------------------------------------\n");
printf("Input the number of elements to be stored in the array :");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Input %d elements in the array :\n",n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("element - %d : ",i);
scanf("%d",&arr1[i]);
}
/*Checking duplicate elements in the array */
printf("\nThe unique elements found in the array are : \n");
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
ctr=0;
/*Check duplicate bifore the current position and increase counter by 1 if found.*/
for(j=0; j<i-1; j++)
{
/*Increment the counter when the seaarch value is duplicate.*/
if(arr1[i]==arr1[j])
{
ctr++;
}
}
/*Check duplicate after the current position and
increase counter by 1 if found.*/
for(k=i+1; k<n; k++)
{
/*Increment the counter when the seaarch value is duplicate.*/
if(arr1[i]==arr1[k])
{
ctr++;
}
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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
}
/*Print the value of the current position of the array as unique value when counter remain
contains its initial value.*/
if(ctr==0)
{
printf("%d ",arr1[i]);
}
}
printf("\n\n");
}

Output:

Print all unique elements of an array:

------------------------------------------
Input the number of elements to be stored in the array :3
Input 3 elements in the array :
element - 0 : 1
element - 1 : 5
element - 2 : 1

The unique elements found in the array are : 5

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

5(b). Write a program in C to separate odd and even integers in separate arrays

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int arr1[10], arr2[10], arr3[10];
int i,j=0,k=0,n;
printf("\n\nSeparate odd and even integers in separate arrays:\n");
printf("------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("Input the number of elements to be stored in the array :");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Input %d elements in the array :\n",n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("element - %d : ",i);
scanf("%d",&arr1[i]);
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if (arr1[i]%2 == 0)
{
arr2[j] = arr1[i];
j++;
}
else
{
arr3[k] = arr1[i];
k++;
}
}

printf("\nThe Even elements are : \n");

for(i=0;i<j;i++)
{
printf("%d ",arr2[i]);
}
printf("\nThe Odd elements are :\n");
for(i=0;i<k;i++)
{
printf("%d ", arr3[i]);
}
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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
printf("\n\n");
}

Output:
Separate odd and even integers in separate arrays:
------------------------------------------------------
Input the number of elements to be stored in the array :5
Input 5 elements in the array :
element - 0 : 25
element - 1 : 47
element - 2 : 42
element - 3 : 56
element - 4 : 32

The Even elements are :

42 56 32
The Odd elements are :
25 47

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

5(c).Write a C program to accept N numbers and arrange them in an ascending order

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i, j, a, n, number[30];
printf("Enter the value of N \n");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enter the numbers \n");
for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
scanf("%d", &number[i]);
for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
for (j = i + 1; j < n; ++j)
{
if (number[i] > number[j])
{
a = number[i];
number[i] = number[j];
number[j] = a;
}
}
}

printf("The numbers arranged in ascending order are given below \n");

for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
printf("%d\n", number[i]);
}

Output:
Enter the value of N
6
Enter the numbers
3 78 90 456 780 200
The numbers arranged in ascending order are given below
3
78
90
200
456
780
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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

Exercise-6
a. Write a program in c for multiplication of two square matrices.

Program:-

include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int arr1[50][50],brr1[50][50],crr1[50][50],i,j,k,r1,c1,r2,c2,sum=0;

printf("\n\nMultiplication of two Matrices :\n");

printf("----------------------------------\n");

printf("\nInput the rows and columns of first matrix : ");

scanf("%d %d",&r1,&c1);
printf("\nInput the rows and columns of second matrix : ");
scanf("%d %d",&r2,&c2);
if(c1!=r2){
printf("Mutiplication of Matrix is not possible.");
printf("\nColumn of first matrix and row of second matrix must be same.");
}
else
{
printf("Input elements in the first matrix :\n");
for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
{
printf("element - [%d],[%d] : ",i,j);
scanf("%d",&arr1[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Input elements in the second matrix :\n");
for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
{
printf("element - [%d],[%d] : ",i,j);
scanf("%d",&brr1[i][j]);
}
}
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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
printf("\nThe First matrix is :\n");
for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
printf("%d\t",arr1[i][j]);
}

printf("\nThe Second matrix is :\n");

for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
printf("%d\t",brr1[i][j]);
}
//multiplication of matrix
for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
crr1[i][j]=0;
for(i=0;i<r1;i++) //row of first matrix
{
for(j=0;j<c2;j++) //column of second matrix
{
sum=0;
for(k=0;k<c1;k++)
sum=sum+arr1[i][k]*brr1[k][j];
crr1[i][j]=sum;
}
}
printf("\nThe multiplication of two matrices is : \n");
for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",crr1[i][j]);
}
}
}
printf("\n\n");
}
Multiplication of two Matrices :
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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
----------------------------------

Input the rows and columns of first matrix : 2

2

Input the rows and columns of second matrix : 2

2
Input elements in the first matrix :
element - [0],[0] : 1
element - [0],[1] : 2
element - [1],[0] : 3
element - [1],[1] : 4
Input elements in the second matrix :
element - [0],[0] : 1
element - [0],[1] : 2
element - [1],[0] : 3
element - [1],[1] : 4

The First matrix is :

1 2
3 4
The Second matrix is :

1 2
3 4
The multiplication of two matrices is :

7 10
15 22

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
b. Write a program in c to find transpose of a given matrix

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[10][10], transpose[10][10], r, c, i, j;
printf("Enter rows and columns of matrix: ");
scanf("%d %d", &r, &c);
// Storing elements of the matrix
printf("\nEnter elements of matrix:\n");
for(i=0; i<r; ++i)
for(j=0; j<c; ++j)
{
printf("Enter element a%d%d: ",i+1, j+1);
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
}
// Displaying the matrix a[][] */
printf("\nEntered Matrix: \n");
for(i=0; i<r; ++i)
for(j=0; j<c; ++j)
{
printf("%d ", a[i][j]);
if (j == c-1)
printf("\n\n");
}
// Finding the transpose of matrix a
for(i=0; i<r; ++i)
for(j=0; j<c; ++j)
{
transpose[j][i] = a[i][j];
}
// Displaying the transpose of matrix a
printf("\nTranspose of Matrix:\n");
for(i=0; i<c; ++i)
for(j=0; j<r; ++j)
{
printf("%d ",transpose[i][j]);
if(j==r-1)
printf("\n\n");
}
return 0;
}
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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

Output:
Enter rows and columns of matrix: 2 3

Enter elements of matrix:

Enter element a11: 2
Enter element a12: 4
Enter element a13: 6
Enter element a21: 3
Enter element a22: 6
Enter element a23: 9
Entered Matrix:
2 4 6

3 6 9

Transpose of Matrix:
2 3

4 6

6 9

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
Exercise-7
7(a). Write a program in c to search an element in a row wise and column wise sorted
matrix

#include <stdio.h>
int searchElement(int arr2D[4][4], int n, int x)
{
int i = 0, j = n-1;
while ( i < n && j >= 0 )
{
if ( arr2D[i][j] == x )
{
printf("\nThe element Found at the position in the matrix is: %d, %d", i, j);
return 1;
}
if ( arr2D[i][j] < x )
j--;
else
i++;
}
printf("\nThe given element not found in the 2D array.");
return 0;
}

int main()
{
int arr2D[4][4] = { {15, 23, 31, 39},
{18, 26, 36, 43},
{25, 28, 37, 48},
{30, 34, 39, 50},
};
int i,j,v;
v=37;
//------------- print original array ------------------
printf("The given array in matrix form is : \n");
for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
for (j=0;j<4;j++)
{
printf("%d ", arr2D[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
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Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
}
//------------------------------------------------------
printf("The given value for searching is: %d",v);
searchElement(arr2D, 4, v);
return 0;
}

Output:

The given array in matrix form is :

15 23 31 39
18 26 36 43
25 28 37 48
30 34 39 50
The given value for searching is :37

The given element not found in the 2D array.

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
7b) C Program To Print Individual Characters Of A String In A Reverse Order

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

void printReverse(char str[])

{
int length = strlen(str);

// Traverse string from end

int i;
for (i = length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (str[i] == ' ') {

// putting the NULL character at the

// position of space characters for
// next iteration.
str[i] = '\0';

// Start from next charatcer

printf("%s ", &(str[i]) + 1);
}
}

// printing the last word

printf("%s", str);
}

// Driver code
int main()
{
char str[] = "I AM A GEEK";
printReverse(str);
return 0;
}

Output:

GEEK A I AM

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
Exercise-8
a. Write a c program to compare two strings without using string library function.

#include<stdio.h>

int main() {
char str1[30], str2[30];
int i;

printf("\nEnter two strings :");

gets(str1);
gets(str2);

i = 0;
while (str1[i] == str2[i] && str1[i] != '\0')
i++;
if (str1[i] > str2[i])
printf("str1 > str2");
else if (str1[i] < str2[i])
printf("str1 < str2");
else
printf("str1 = str2");

return (0);
}

Output:-
Enter two strings :siva
venkata
str1 < str2

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

8(b). Write a c program to copy one string to another string.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>

int main() {
char str1[100];
char str2[100];

printf("\nEnter the String 1 : ");

gets(str1);

strcpy(str2, str1);
printf("\nCopied String : %s", str2);

return (0);
}

Output:-

Enter the String 1 : kits

Copied String : kits

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

Exercise-9
a. Write a c program to store information using structures with dynamically memory
allocation

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
struct course
{
int marks;
charsubject[30];
};
Int main()
{
struct course *ptr;
int i, noOfRecords;
printf("Enter number of records: ");
scanf("%d", &noOfRecords);
// Allocates the memory for noOfRecords structures with pointer ptr pointing to the base address.
ptr = (struct course*) malloc (noOfRecords * sizeof(struct course));
for(i = 0; i<noOfRecords; ++i)
{
printf("Enter name of the subject and marks respectively:\n");
scanf("%s %d", &(ptr+i)->subject, &(ptr+i)->marks);
}
printf("Displaying Information:\n");
for(i = 0; i<noOfRecords ; ++i)
printf("%s\t%d\n", (ptr+i)->subject, (ptr+i)->marks);
return0;
}

Output:

Enter number of records: 2

Enter name of the subject and marks respectively:
maths 55
Enter name of the subject and marks respectively:
cp 75
Displaying Information:
maths 55
cp 75

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Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
9b: Write a program in c to demonstrate how to handle the pointers in the program
#include<iostream.h>
int main()
{
int* ab;
int m=29;
printf("\n\n Pointer : How to handle the pointers in the program :\n");
printf("------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf(" Here in the declaration ab = int pointer, int m= 29\n\n");
printf(" Address of m : %p\n",&m);
printf(" Value of m : %d\n\n",m);
ab=&m;
printf(" Now ab is assigned with the address of m.\n");
printf(" Address of pointer ab : %p\n",ab);
printf(" Content of pointer ab : %d\n\n",*ab);
m=34;
printf(" The value of m assigned to 34 now.\n");
printf(" Address of pointer ab : %p\n",ab);
printf(" Content of pointer ab : %d\n\n",*ab);
*ab=7;
printf(" The pointer variable ab is assigned the value 7 now.\n");
printf(" Address of m : %p\n",&m);//as ab contain the address of m
//so *ab changed the value of m and now m become 7
printf(" Value of m : %d\n\n",m);
return 0
}

Output:
Pointer : How to handle the pointers in the program :
------------------------------------------------------------
Here in the declaration ab = int pointer, int m= 29
Address of m : 0x7ffc52733d74
Value of m : 29
Now ab is assigned with the address of m.
Address of pointer ab : 0x7ffc52733d74
Content of pointer ab : 29
The value of m assigned to 34 now.
Address of pointer ab : 0x7ffc52733d74
Content of pointer ab : 34
The pointer variable ab is assigned the value 7 now.
Address of m : 0x7ffc52733d74
Value of m : 7
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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
Exercise 10:
a. Write a program in c to demonstrate the use of &(address of)and*(value at address
operator
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int first, second, *p, *q, sum;
printf("Enter two integers to add\n");
scanf("%d%d", &first, &second);
p = &first;
q = &second;
sum = *p + *q;
printf("Sum of the numbers = %d\n", sum);
return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int m=300;
float fx = 300.60;
char cht = 'z';
printf("\n\n Pointer : Demonstrate the use of & and * operator :\n");
printf("--------------------------------------------------------\n");
int *pt1;
float *pt2;
char *pt3;
pt1= &m;
pt2=&fx;
pt3=&cht;
printf ( " m = %d\n",m);
printf ( " fx = %f\n",fx);
printf ( " cht = %c\n",cht);
printf("\n Using & operator :\n");
printf("-----------------------\n");
printf ( " address of m = %p\n",&m);
printf ( " address of fx = %p\n",&fx);
printf ( " address of cht = %p\n",&cht);
printf("\n Using & and * operator :\n");
printf("-----------------------------\n");
printf ( " value at address of m = %d\n",*(&m));
printf ( " value at address of fx = %f\n",*(&fx));
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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
printf ( " value at address of cht = %c\n",*(&cht));
printf("\n Using only pointer variable :\n");
printf("----------------------------------\n");
printf ( " address of m = %p\n",pt1);
printf ( " address of fx = %p\n",pt2);
printf ( " address of cht = %p\n",pt3);
printf("\n Using only pointer operator :\n");
printf("----------------------------------\n");
printf ( " value at address of m = %d\n",*pt1);
printf ( " value at address of fx= %f\n",*pt2);
printf ( " value at address of cht= %c\n\n",*pt3);
}
Output:
Pointer : Demonstrate the use of & and * operator :
--------------------------------------------------------
m = 300
fx = 300.600006
cht = z

Using & operator :

-----------------------
address of m = 0x7fff71cd0b38
address of fx = 0x7fff71cd0b3c
address of cht = 0x7fff71cd0b37

Using & and * operator :

-----------------------------
value at address of m = 300
value at address of fx = 300.600006
value at address of cht = z

Using only pointer variable :

----------------------------------
address of m = 0x7fff71cd0b38
address of fx = 0x7fff71cd0b3c
address of cht = 0x7fff71cd0b37

Using only pointer operator :

----------------------------------
value at address of m = 300
value at address of fx= 300.600006
value at address of cht= z

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
b. Write a program in c to add two numbers using pointers.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int first, second, *p, *q, sum;
printf("Enter two integers to add\n");
scanf("%d%d", &first, &second);
p = &first;
q = &second;
sum = *p + *q;
printf("Sum of the numbers = %d\n", sum);
return 0;
}

Output:-

Enter two integers to add

4
5
Sum of the numbers = 9

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
Exercise-11
a. Write a program in c to add numbers using call by reference.

#include <stdio.h>
long addTwoNumbers(long *, long *);

int main()
{
long fno, sno, *ptr, *qtr, sum;

printf("\n\n Pointer : Add two numbers using call by reference:\n");

printf("-------------------------------------------------------\n");

printf(" Input the first number : ");

scanf("%ld", &fno);
printf(" Input the second number : ");
scanf("%ld", &sno);
sum = addTwoNumbers(&fno, &sno);
printf(" The sum of %ld and %ld is %ld\n\n", fno, sno, sum);
return 0;
}
long addTwoNumbers(long *n1, long *n2)
{
long sum;
sum = *n1 + *n2;
return sum;
}

Output:
Pointer: add two numbers using call by reference:
Input the first number: 2
Input the second number: 3
The sum of 2 and 3 is 5

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

b. Write a program in c to find the largest elements using Dynamic memory Allocation.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

intmain()
{
inti, num;
float*data;

printf("Enter total number of elements(1 to 100): ");

scanf("%d",&num);

// Allocates the memory for 'num' elements.

data =(float*)calloc(num,sizeof(float));

if(data == NULL)
{
printf("Error!!! memory not allocated.");
exit(0);
}

printf("\n");

// Stores the number entered by the user.

for(i=0;i< num;++i)
{
printf("Enter Number %d: ",i+1);
scanf("%f", data +i);
}

// Loop to store largest number at address data

for(i=1;i< num;++i)
{
// Change <to> if you want to find the smallest number
if(*data <*(data +i))
*data =*(data +i);
}
printf("Largest element = %.2f",*data);

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
return0;
}
Output:

Enter total number of elements (1 to 100): 5

Enter number 1: 3
Enter number 2:9
Enter number 3:6
Enter number 4:3
Enter number 5: 18
Largest element =18.00

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
Exercise-12
a. Write a program in c to swap elements using call by reference

#include<stdio.h>
void cyclicSwap(int *a,int *b,int *c);

int main()
{
int a, b, c;

printf("Enter a, b and c respectively: ");

scanf("%d %d %d",&a,&b,&c);
printf("Value before swapping:\n");
printf("a = %d \nb = %d \nc = %d\n",a,b,c);

cyclicSwap(&a, &b, &c);

printf("Value after swapping:\n");

printf("a = %d \nb = %d \nc = %d",a, b, c);
return 0;
}
void cyclicSwap(int *a,int *b,int *c)
{
int temp;
// swapping in cyclic order
temp = *b;
*b = *a;
*a = *c;
*c = temp;
}
Output:
enter a,b and c respectively:1 3 6
Value before swapping:
a=1
b=3
c=6
value after swapping:
a=6
b=1
c=3

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

b. Write a c program to count number of vowels and consonants in a string using a pointer

#include <string.h>

int main()
{
char s[1000];
int i,vowels=0,consonants=0;

printf("Enter the string : ");

gets(s);

for(i=0;s[i];i++)
{
if((s[i]>=65 && s[i]<=90)|| (s[i]>=97 && s[i]<=122))
{

if(s[i]=='a'|| s[i]=='e'||s[i]=='i'||s[i]=='o'||s[i]=='u'||s[i]=='A'||s[i]=='E'||s[i]=='I'||s[i]=='O'
||s[i]=='U')
vowels++;
else
consonants++;
}

printf("vowels = %d\n",vowels);
printf("consonants = %d\n",consonants);

return 0;
}

Output:
Enter a string:aeidfg
Vowels=3
Consonents=3

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
Exercise-13
a.Write a program in c to show how a function return in pointer?

#include <stdio.h>
int* findLarger(int*, int*);
void main()
{
int numa=0;
int numb=0;
int *result;
printf("\n\n Pointer : Show a function returning pointer :\n");
printf("--------------------------------------------------\n");
printf(" Input the first number : ");
scanf("%d", &numa);
printf(" Input the second number : ");
scanf("%d", &numb);

result=findLarger(&numa, &numb);
printf(" The number %d is larger. \n\n",*result);
}

int* findLarger(int *n1, int *n2)

{
if(*n1 > *n2)
return n1;
else
return n2;
}

Output:
Pointer : Show a function returning pointer :
--------------------------------------------------
Input the first number : 5
Input the second number : 3
The number 5 is larger.

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

b. Write a program find sum of n elements entered by user to perform this program to
allocate memory dynamically using malloc() function?

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{

// This pointer will hold the

// base address of the block created
int* ptr;
int n, i, sum = 0;

// Get the number of elements for the array

n = 5;
printf("Enter number of elements: %d\n", n);

// Dynamically allocate memory using malloc()

ptr = (int*)malloc(n * sizeof(int));

// Check if the memory has been successfully

// allocated by malloc or not
if (ptr == NULL) {
printf("Memory not allocated.\n");
exit(0);
}
else {
// Memory has been successfully allocated
printf("Memory successfully allocated using malloc.\n");
// Get the elements of the array
for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
ptr[i] = i + 1;
}
// Print the elements of the array
printf("The elements of the array are: ");
for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
printf("%d, ", ptr[i]);
}
}
return 0;

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
}

Output:

Enter number of elements: 5

Memory successfully allocated using malloc.

The elements of the array are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,

Page | 39
Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
Exercise-14
a. Write a program in c to convert decimal number to binary number using the function

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main(){
int a[10],n,i;
system ("cls");
printf("Enter the number to convert: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=0;n>0;i++)
{
a[i]=n%2;
n=n/2;
}
printf("\nBinary of Given Number is=");
for(i=i-1;i>=0;i--)
{
printf("%d",a[i]);
}
return 0;
}

Output:
Enter the number to convert: 5

Binary of Given Number is=101

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
b. Write a c program to find sum of n elements entered by user . to perform this program
allocate memory dynamically using calloc () function . Understand the difference b/w the
above two programs

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>
int main(){
int n,i,*ptr,sum=0;
printf("Enter number of elements: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
ptr=(int*)calloc(n,sizeof(int)); //memory allocated using calloc
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("Sorry! unable to allocate memory");
exit(0);
}
printf("Enter elements of array: ");
for(i=0;i<n;++i)
{
scanf("%d",ptr+i);
sum+=*(ptr+i);
}
printf("Sum=%d",sum);
free(ptr);
return 0;
}

Output:

Enter number of elements: 3

Enter elements of array: 20 6 33
Sum=59

Page | 41
Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
Exercise-15
a. Write a c programming to check whether a number is a prime number or not using the
function

#include<stdio.h>
int check_prime(int);
main()
{
int n, result;
printf("Enter an integer to check whether it is prime or not.\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
result = check_prime(n);
if ( result == 1 )
printf("%d is prime.\n", n);
else
printf("%d is not prime.\n", n);
return 0;
}

int check_prime(int a)
{
int c;
for ( c = 2 ; c <= a - 1 ; c++ )
{
if ( a%c == 0 )
return 0;
}
return 1;
}

Output:

Enter an integer to check whether it is prime or not.

6
6 is not prime.

Enter an integer to check whether it is prime or not.

7
7 is prime.

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

b. Write a program in c to get the largest element of an array using the function

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int array[100], maximum, size, c, location = 1;

printf("Enter the number of elements in array\n");

scanf("%d", &size);

printf("Enter %d integers\n", size);

for (c = 0; c < size; c++)

scanf("%d", &array[c]);

maximum = array[0];

for (c = 1; c < size; c++)

{
if (array[c] > maximum)
{
maximum = array[c];
location = c+1;
}
}

printf("Maximum element is present at location %d and it's value is %d.\n", location,

maximum);
return 0;
}

Output:
Enter the number of elements in array
4
Enter 4 integers
10 11 12 13
Maximum element is present at location 4 and its value is 13.

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
Exercise-16
a. Write a program in C to append multiple lines at the end of a text file.

/*Assume that the content of the file test.txt is :

test line 1
test line 2
test line 3
test line 4 */

#include <stdio.h>

int main ()
{
FILE * fptr;
int i,n;
char str[100];
char fname[20];
char str1;

printf("\n\n Append multiple lines at the end of a text file :\n");

printf("------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf(" Input the file name to be opened : ");
scanf("%s",fname);
fptr = fopen(fname, "a");
printf(" Input the number of lines to be written : ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf(" The lines are : \n");
for(i = 0; i < n+1;i++)
{
fgets(str, sizeof str, stdin);
fputs(str, fptr);
}
fclose (fptr);
//----- Read the file after appended -------
fptr = fopen (fname, "r");
printf("\n The content of the file %s is :\n",fname);
str1 = fgetc(fptr);
while (str1 != EOF)
{
printf ("%c", str1);
str1 = fgetc(fptr);
}
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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
printf("\n\n");
fclose (fptr);
//------- End of reading ------------------
return 0;
}

Output:
Append multiple lines at the end of a text file :
------------------------------------------------------
Input the file name to be opened : test.txt
Input the number of lines to be written : 3
The lines are :
test line 5
test line 6
test line 7

The content of the file test.txt is :

test line 1
test line 2
test line 3
test line 4

test line 5
test line 6
test line 7

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE

b. Write a program in C to copy a file in another name.

/*Assume that the content of the file test.txt is :

test line 1
test line 2
test line 3
test line 4*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void main()
{
FILE *fptr1, *fptr2;
char ch, fname1[20], fname2[20];

printf("\n\n Copy a file in another name :\n");

printf("----------------------------------\n");

printf(" Input the source file name : ");

scanf("%s",fname1);

fptr1=fopen(fname1, "r");
if(fptr1==NULL)
{
printf(" File does not found or error in opening.!!");
exit(1);
}
printf(" Input the new file name : ");
scanf("%s",fname2);
fptr2=fopen(fname2, "w");
if(fptr2==NULL)
{
printf(" File does not found or error in opening.!!");
fclose(fptr1);
exit(2);
}
while(1)
{
ch=fgetc(fptr1);

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
if(ch==EOF)
{
break;
}
else
{
fputc(ch, fptr2);
}
}
printf(" The file %s copied successfully in the file %s. \n\n",fname1,fname2);
fclose(fptr1);
fclose(fptr2);
getchar();
}

Output:
Copy a file in another name :
----------------------------------
Input the source file name : test.txt
Input the new file name : test1.txt
The file test.txt copied successfully in the file test1.txt.

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Programming for Problem Solving using C
Kakinada Institute Of Technology And Science Department Of CSE
c. Write a program in C to remove a file from the disk.

/*Assume that the content of the file test.txt is :

test line 1
test line 2
test line 3
test line 4*/

#include <stdio.h>

void main()
{
int status;
char fname[20];
printf("\n\n Remove a file from the disk :\n");
printf("----------------------------------\n");
printf(" Input the name of file to delete : ");
scanf("%s",fname);
status=remove(fname);
if(status==0)
{
printf(" The file %s is deleted successfully..!!\n\n",fname);
}
else
{
printf(" Unable to delete file %s\n\n",fname);
}
}

Output:
Remove a file from the disk :
----------------------------------
Input the name of file to delete : test.txt
The file test.txt is deleted successfully..!!

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Programming for Problem Solving using C