ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This is to acknowledge the valuable contributions of the individuals’ organizations in

the completion and development of the report on the Project entitled “Design and
analysis on trolley mounted water tanker ”. It also acknowledges that some of the
useful materials form other textbook, websites, online articles, patents of various
agencies and firms.

We wish to extend our profound gratitude to the project guide Dr. R. BANCHHOR
for the remarkable guide and support at all good as well as disappointing moments
during the entire course of project. It was our privilege to work under their guidance.

We would also like to extend our special thanks to our Dr. Shiena Shekhar (Head of
Department, Mechanical Engineering) for boosting up our confidence to the greatest
level.

We gratefully take this opportunity to express our gratitude and indepthness to our
Vice Principal Dr. Manisha Sharma, Bhilai Institute of Technology, Durg.

We gratefully take this opportunity to express our gratitude and indepthness to our
Principal Dr. M.K. Gupta, Bhilai Institute of Technology, Durg.

We gratefully take this opportunity to express our gratitude and indepthness to our
Director Dr. Arun Arora, Bhilai Institute of Technology, Durg.

Last but not the least we would like to thank our parents and all well-wishers who
are involved directly or indirectly in successful completion of the present work.

Aniket Dwivedi

Abhinav Verma

Neelam Khatarker

Jayant Kumar Sahu

 Table of content

Content Pg. No.

Abstract i
List of figure ii-iii
List of table iv
List of Abbreviation v

Chapter 1 Introduction 1-5

1.1 Introduction to trolley tanker 1
1.2 Introduction to CAD/CAM/CAE 2
1.3 Introduction to PRO-E 3-4
1.4 Introduction to Ansys 4-5
1.5 Objective 5

Chapter 2 Literature Review 6-9

Chapter 3 Methodology 10-16
3.1 CAD 10-13
(Computer Aided Drawing/Drafting)
3.2 CAE 14-16
(Computer Aided Engineering)
Chapter 4 Design and setup for analysis 17-30
4.1 Part Designing 17-23
4.2 Bill of Material 24
4.3 Assembly of the module 25
4.4 Setup for analysis 26-30
Chapter 5 Result 31-37
5.1 Analysis of tanker 31-33
5.2 Expected Result 34-37

Chapter 6 Conclusion 38

Chapter 7 Future Scope 39

Chapter 8 Bibliography 40
Abstract

An overview of the current and future trends in trolley mounted water tanker design
process is presented. The main design principles and failure mechanisms of various
parts in operation are assessed and explained through an industry point of view, in a
realistic manner. A no. of failure modes which are not addressed sufficiently in the
certificate guideline are presented. An example on how to use the new design
philosophy is presented. A lot of literature in the form of research papers, journal,
patents, etc. is available where one can find that substantial work, theoretical and
computational, has been done on the various type of tanker. But simulation on
trolley mounted water tanker is very rare occurrence and only a handful of literature
is available on it. Sloshing is very useful technique when it comes to analyzing the
fluid flow in water tanker. The boundary condition & meshing are critical to setup in
this type of tanker. If any of the condition or mesh value is given wrong the
simulation will not start on the module.

i
 List of Figure.
Fig. 1 Rendered view of trolley mounted water tank……………………….1
Fig. 2 Rendered view on road………………………………………………13
Fig. 3 Analysis with fluid flow……………………………………………..15
Fig. 4 Side view of module…………………………………………………16
Fig. 5 Volume fraction in ansys…………………………………………….16
Fig. 6 Tyre of tanker………………………………………………………..17
Fig. 7 Chasis of tanker……………………………………………………...17
Fig. 8 Leaf Spring…………………………………………………………..18
Fig. 9 Side Support…………………………………………………………18
Fig. 10 Clamp for leaf spring……………………………………………….19
Fig. 11 Nut………………………………………………………………….19
Fig. 12 Front frame………………………………………………………….20
Fig. 13 Back frame………………………………………………………….20
Fig. 14 Frame attacher………………………………………………………21
Fig. 15 Top cap of tanker……………………………………………………21
Fig. 16 Bolt…………………………………………………………………22
Fig. 17 Elliptical compartment...…………………………………………...22
Fig. 18 Shaft……... ………………………………………………………...23
Fig. 19 Exploded view for bill of material………………………………….24
Fig. 20 Assembly of parts using constrains.………………………………...25
Fig. 21 Assembly view with placement of lightning
and shadow effect………………………………………………..…..25
Fig. 22 Orthogonal quality mixture…………………………………………..26
Fig. 23 Geometry…………………………………………………………….31
ii
Fig. 24 Meshing……………………………………………………………...31
Fig. 25 Boundary conditions…………………………………………………32
Fig. 26 Setup…………………………………………………………………32
Fig. 27 Inlet & outlet………………………………………………………….33
Fig. 28 Running calculation…………………………………………………..33
Fig. 29 Contour -1 (view from z-axis)………………………………………..34
Fig. 30 Contour -2 (view from z-axis)………………………………………..35
Fig. 31 Contour -3 (view from z-axis)………………………………………...35
Fig. 32 Contour -1 (view from x-axis)………………………………………..36
Fig. 33 Contour -2 (view from x-axis)………………………………………..36
Fig. 34 Contour -3 (view from x-axis)………………………………………..37
Fig. 35 Contour -4 (view from x-axis)………………………………………..37
Fig. 36 Completion of simulation …..………………………………………..38

iii
List of tables
Table 1 Mesh size…………………………………………………………26
Table 2 Mesh quality………………………………………………………26
Table 3 Material properties………………………………………………...27
Table 4 Models…………………………………………………………….27
Table 5 Named Expression (slosh_z)………………………………………28
Table 6 Named Expression (slosh_x)………………………………………28
Table 7 Reference Values………………………………………………….28
Table 8 Solver setting………………………………………………………29
Table 9 Boundary conditions……………………………………………….30

iv
8 v
 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO TROLLEY TANKER

Specialized vehicles equipped with large tanks in the rear for transporting water and
controlled nozzles for distributing it – are a familiar sight in a variety of sectors such
as civil construction, mining, farming and fire control.

A rig for the driver in the front, which also houses all operating controls for the
disbursement of water.

A tank at the back in different sizes with varying water-holding capacities (anywhere
between 3000-20000 litres).

The offered tanker finds wide application use for supplying the water from one place
to another. Villages, rural areas and within the city where people have the water
shortage, such tanker is used for supplying water to the population

 Long working life

 Corrosion resistance
 Perfect strength
 Minimum maintenance
 High load-bearing capacity

Fig.1 Rendered view of Trolley Mounted Water Tanker

1
 1.2 INTRODUCTION OF CAD, CAM,CAE
CAD software for mechanical design uses either vector-based graphics to depict the
objects of traditional drafting, or may also produce raster graphics showing the
overall appearance of designed objects. However, it involves more than just shapes.
As in the manual drafting of technical and engineering drawings, the output of CAD
must convey information, such as materials, processes, dimensions, and tolerances,
according to application-specific conventions.
CAD may be used to design curves and figures in two-dimensional (2D) space; or
curves, surfaces, and solids in three-dimensional (3D) space.
CAD is an important industrial art extensively used in many applications,
including automotive, shipbuilding, and aerospace industries, industrial
and architectural design, prosthetics, and many more. CAD is also widely used to
produce computer animation for effects in movies, advertising and technical
manuals, often called DCC digital content creation. The modern ubiquity and power
of computers means that even perfume bottles and shampoo dispensers are
designed using techniques unheard of by engineers of the 1960s. Because of its
enormous economic importance, CAD has been a major driving force for research
in computational geometry, computer graphics (both hardware and software),
and discrete differential geometry

Computer-aided drawing/drafting (CAD)

It is the use of computer systems to assist in the creation, modification, analysis, and
optimisation of a design. Computer Aided Design is a three dimensional design tool
for developing 2 and 3 dimensional models which can later be translated into a
product. In the fashion sector CAD is used for automated pattern design and marker
making.

Computer-aided engineering (CAE)

It is a use of computer systems to analyze CAD geometry. It allows a designer to
simulate and study how the product will behave, allowing for optimization.

The major component of CAD/CAM/CAE systems is hardware and software that

allows the manipulation of shape. Hardware includes graphic devices and their

2
peripherals for input and output operations. Software includes packages that
manipulate or analyze shapes according to user interaction.

1.3 INTRODUCTION TO PRO-E

PTC Creo, formerly known as Pro/ENGINEER, is a 3D CAD/CAM/CAE feature-based,
associative solid modeling software. It is one of a suite of 10 collaborative applications that
provide solid modeling, assembly modelling, 2D orthographic views, finite element analysis, direct
and parametric modelling, sub-divisional and NURBS surfacing, and NC and tooling functionality
for mechanical designers. Creo Elements/Parametric compete directly with Solidworks, PRO-E,
and NX/Solid Edge. It was created by Parametric Technology Corporation (PTC) and was the first
of its kind to market.

Summary of capabilities
Creo Elements/Pro is a software application within the CAD/CAD/CAM/CAE
category.
Creo Elements/Pro is a parametric, feature-based modeling architecture
incorporated into a single database philosophy with rule-based design capabilities. It
provides in-depth control of complex geometry, as exemplified by the parameter.
The capabilities of the product can be split into the three main headings of
Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing. This data is then documented in a
standard 2D production drawing or the 3D drawing standard.

Product Design
Creo Elements/Pro offers a range of tools to enable the generation of a complete digital
representation of the product being designed. In addition to the general geometry tools there
is also the ability to generate geometry of other integrated design disciplines such as
industrial and standard pipe work and complete wiring definitions. Tools are also available
to support collaborative development.
A number of concept design tools that provide up-front Industrial Design concepts can then
be used in the downstream process of engineering the product. These range from conceptual
Industrial design sketches, reverse engineering with point cloud data and comprehensive
free-form surface.

Analysis
Creo Elements/Pro has numerous analysis tools available and covers thermal, static, dynamic
and fatigue finite element analysis along with other tools all designed to help with the
development of the product. These tools include human factors, manufacturing tolerance,
mould flow and design optimization. The design optimization can be used at a geometry

3
level to obtain the optimum design dimensions and in conjunction with the finite element
analysis.

Surface Modeling
Creo has a good surface modeling capability also. Using commands like Boundary blend and
sweep we can create surface models. Advance options like Style (Interactive Surface Design
Extension - ISDX) and Freestyle [6] provide more capabilities to designer to create
complicated models with ease.

Manufacturing
By using the fundamental abilities of the software with regards to the single data source
principle, it provides a rich set of tools in the manufacturing environment in the form of
tooling design and simulated CNC machining and output.
Tooling options cover specialty tools for molding, die-casting and progressive tooling
design.

1.4 INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS

Ansys is analyzing software for mechanical product design and civil structure designs, it is
widely used for developing analyzing solutions in the industry.

Ansys develops and markets engineering simulation software for use across the product life
cycle. Ansys Mechanical finite element analysis software is used to simulate computer
models of structures, electronics, or machine components for analyzing the strength,
toughness, elasticity, temperature distribution, electromagnetism, fluid flow, and other
attributes. Ansys is used to determine how a product will function with different
specifications, without building test products or conducting crash tests. For example, Ansys
software may simulate how a bridge will hold up after years of traffic, how to best process
salmon in a cannery to reduce waste, or how to design a slide that uses less material without
sacrificing safety.
Most Ansys simulations are performed using the Ansys Workbench system, which is one of
the company's main products. Typically Ansys users break down larger structures into small
components that are each modeled and tested individually. A user may start by defining the
dimensions of an object, and then adding weight, pressure, temperature and other physical
properties. Finally, the Ansys software simulates and analyzes movement, fatigue, fractures,
fluid flow, temperature distribution, electromagnetic efficiency and other effects over time.
The Ansys Workbench platform lets you integrate data across engineering simulations to
create more accurate models more efficiently. Ansys Workbench makes it easier to make

4
more informed design choices by coordinating all your simulation data in one place. Easily
manage data across all your Ansys products.

NSYS is a general-purpose, finite-element modeling package for numerically solving a wide

variety of mechanical problems. These problems include static/dynamic, structural analysis,
heat transfer, and fluid problems, as well as acoustic and electromagnetic problems.

Learn a broad range on physics and engineering from Ansys, the global leader in engineering
simulation. They help you master Multiphysics engineering simulation for product design
and testing - and turn you into an expert in finite element analysis, computational fluid
dynamics, electronics and electromagnetics, and design optimization.

The ever-expanding course offering is designed with educators, students and engineers in
mind. These self-paced courses can deepen your understanding of subjects such as Advanced
Magnetic Modeling, Explicit Dynamics, Fluid- Structure Interaction, Digital Twins, and
much more - all directly from subject matter experts.

Ansys is a FEA software by ANSYS, Inc.

Ansys is used in multiple fields such as
1. Academia
2. Aerospace & Defense
3. Automotive
4. Energy
5. Healthcare
6. Oil & Gas etc.

OBJECTIVES:

1)To Explore CAD/Software to enhance academic learning.

2)To draw assembly drawing
3)To draw part drawing of component
4)To optimize the design
5)To design tanker of 7000litre.
6)To analyse the tanker
7) To learn about the analysis software
5
 8) To learn how to use ansys fluent simulation.
9) To perform sloshing effect using fluent on tanker.
10) To learn about the industrial use of software.

2. LITERATURE REVIEW

 Jijun Ding and Yin Wang et.al [ 1] discussed the cad/cam technology application in
product model making. With the flourish of the industrial design, the product model-
making has become a professional sector. Based on the CAD/CAM technology, product
model-making is vigorous flourishing. CAD/CAM technology consists of computer-aided
design and computer aid manufacture. The paper presents an analysis on CAD/CAM
Technology Application in forklift product model-making, where the product model-
making for the CAD/CAM manufacture includes modeling CAD/CAM technology in the
product data model and CAD/CAM integration NC programming system in the product
model NC machining applications.

 T. T. El-Midany and A. K. Abd El Latif et.al [ 2] in their research paper on study of the
selection and evaluation of cad/cam systems for the mechanical industry. The
application of computers to design and manufacturing in engineering, CAD/CAM is not
new. However, it is only relatively recently that falling costs and technology advances in
microelectronics have made CAD/CAB systems widely available to the mechanical
industry. Automobile and aeronautical industries were among the pioneers their use for
the CAD/CAM. The primary advantages in adopting CAD/CAM are well known and
include faster tendering response with improved documentation, improved accuracy
and quality, reduced lead times this is often the key factor; the possibility of higher
productivity; and cost savings; or more only, greater many making ability. The greatest
benefits are obtained wherever products are complex such as the design of aircraft, cars
and computers. CAD/CAM technology is moving very quickly on both the software and
hard-ware fronts and CAD/CAM systems can be very quickly outdated unless their
design and structure is flexible enough to enable then to incorporate the latest
technology. In correct selection of CAD/CAM system has sometimes resulted in the in
position of unreasonable constraints upon the freedom of design and manufacture
decision making and reduced the confidence in the use of CAD/CAM systems. In this
paper we attempt to develop the guidelines and criteria for selection a CAD/CAB to meet
the mechanical industry requirements, including the interactive graphic system and
associated software for design and software packages for manufacturing. It does not
describe in detail a formal procedure to be followed but gives general approach.

6
 Zahid Maqsood, Dr.P.S Rao, Tawseef Abdullah et.al [3 ] discussed CAD/CAM with New
Trends and Advancements, using Machine Learning The total sum up and the best review
which is conclude is that the CAD/CAM systems are the modern-day requirement. CAD/CAM
systems work best in the integrated form, and they are not only confined to the engineering
world but to each and every corner of the process background. Integration of the system has
given birth to the CAPP, ERP, DNC and Production and development. Designing has been well
advanced and meets the requirements of the task, not only big but the system of CAD/CAM is
sophisticated for the small industries. CAD/CAM is the requirement of every managerial as well
as engineering and processing industries weather it is the process or operation handling or the
manpower and resource handling or meeting the deadlines of the deliveries. Simulation is also
carried out by this system and the challenges in the modern-day world for the survival in the
fast changing and growing world can be backed by the integrated CAD/CAM systems.
Prototyping, Reverse Engineering, Additive Manufacturing, Intelligent Management all are the
features of the CAD/CAM system. Machine learning can help us to develop the designs which
would have minimum errors and after the rescans and checks the AI part of the software will
eliminate the error. Designing on CAD and Manufacturing techniques will be much more
benefitted by sharing data between different systems in a firm will let machines learn the trends
and patterns and will optimize the process and advance it further

 Rishi Kumar Shukla and Dinesh B. Deshmukh et.al [4 ] carried out a review on role of
cad/cam in designing for skill development on Computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-
aided manufacturing (CAM) are a pair of often interdependent industrial computer applications
that have greatly influenced the chain of processes between the initial design and the final
realization of a product. Many would add to this duo a third technology, computer-aided
engineering (CAE). In this paper applications of CAD/CAM in the different area of design are
described where CAD / CAM software plays a very important role. Ongoing refinements in
CAD/CAM systems continue to save manufacturers tens of millions of dollars in time and
resources over non-computerized methods. Consequently, CAD and CAM technologies are
responsible for massive gains in both productivity and quality, particularly since the 1980s.

 Raqeyah Jawad Najy et.al [5 ] discussed the role of computer aided design (CAD) in
the manufacturing and digital control (CAM) In as much for speed to customers desires
change and large completion that describe day world. To lead technology and
operations technology to form general, to achieve competitive advantage and special
form design technology is master key to determine nature and form product, and what
tolerable quality levels that work fit product to uses, and all of features and preferences
determine through design technology. For importance CAD/CAM subject, we introduce
in this research that offer primary components to CAM system, and styles this system to
achieve details work steps, and details design steps. From within completely program
in (AutoCAD) system with details steps to how design transportation to manufacturing
7
 operations to series achieve to desired product. With offer conclusions that fitness
between CAD and CAM to introduce direction communication between design and
manufacturing lead to mistakes reduction to large ratio.

 Isad Š arić and Adil Muminović et.al [6 ] carried out implementation of cad/cam/cae
systems Growing consumer demand for high-quality and cheaper products requests
implementation of new technology (Computer-Aided Design – CAD, Computer-Aided
Manufacturing – CAM, Computer-Aided Engineering – CAE). Efficient implementation of
CAD/CAM/CAE systems is based on basic principles of planning. Manufacturers who do
the methodical implementation of CAD/CAM/CAE systems perceive quality growth of
their own products, thereby keep the competitiveness in the market. Therefore, it is
very important to do the methodical implementation of CAD/CAM/CAE systems.

 Betim Shabani and Zoran Pandilov et.al [7 ] discussed the analyzing and application of
reverse engineering for design and development of mechanical parts The reverse
engineering has already found an extensive application in industry and other different
fields. Reverse engineering (RE) is a process of taking the existing physical model and
reproducing its surface geometry in three-dimensional (3D) data file on a computer-
aided design (CAD) system. This paper will analyze the real situation in one industrial
plant and provide comparative analysis of the application of current measuring
methods and possibility of incorporating digital measurement. The reverse engineering
(RE) is based on a method of reducing the time of dimensioning and modeling of
mechanical parts which can be complex by geometry or dimensionally very accurate. In
this paper we can give some practical examples of parts that are really produced in one
manufacturing factory.
Recommendation for digitalization will be of crucial importance for every company in
its measurement and quality control activities

 Gurinder Singh and Brara, Simranjit Singh et.al [8 ] took up an Experimental and CFD
Analysis of Sloshing in a Tanker Sloshing is a violent resonant fluid motion in a moving
tank. When a fluid moves and interacts with its container, the dynamic pressures of
such an interaction may cause large deformation in the container wall as well as the
supporting structure. Most of the work has been done on rectangular tanks. Moreover,
in most of the studies numerical approach is used. The present study is focused on the
fluid structure interactions in an elliptical tank. The movement of fluid in an elliptical
tank has been studied using simulation and experimentation and different baffle
configurations are used. The pressure exerted by the fluid on the walls of tank is
calculated over a certain period of time. The dynamic response of baffled liquid storage
tank has been studied extensively to study the influence of location and shapes of
baffles under excitation. Different baffle configurations were examined and role of
8
 combination of horizontal and vertical baffles were found to be significant in controlling
the sloshing

 Nafees Ahmad and Mehul Varshney et.al [9 ] discussed the design and cfd analysis of
baffles of fuel tanker trucks for normal and grade highway conditions Liquid sloshing is
a kind of wave motion inside a partially filled tank. Fluid sloshing affects the stability of
fuel tanker truck, because of the movement of the centre of gravity during different
dynamic conditions on normal as well as on the grade highways. Hence, controlling
sloshing is of prime importance for the prevention of accidents and casualties. For the
present work, the tanker truck filled with kerosene fuel has been considered. The
baffles are designed to control the phenomenon of sloshing to a maximum extent. The
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the tank with and without baffles is
performed using Fluent® to study the amplitude of sloshing at different time instants.
The baffles are designed in a way to ensure no hindrance during loading and unloading
of the tanker truck.

 Xue-lian Zheng and Hao Zhang et.al [10 ] discussed the Rollover stability analysis
of tank vehicles based on the solution of liquid sloshing in partially filled tank
vehicles have quite poor roll stability in driving. Therefore, the purpose of this article
is to investigate tankers’ roll stability by vehicle dynamic modeling. As a fluid–solid
coupling multi-body system, tank vehicle’s dynamic modeling must take liquid sloshing
into account. The conventional solution on liquid sloshing by hydrodynamics is
difficult and time-con- suming, and the modeling of tankers obtained by this method
was a distributed parameter system with infinite degree of freedoms. It was quite
difficult and complicated to analyze tankers’ dynamic features and to design active
control system by the distributed parameter system. Therefore, three different
methods to describe liquid sloshing effects in partially filled tanks with elliptical cross
sections were proposed in this article, which are the estimation of liquid sloshing, the
improved estimation of liquid sloshing, and the modeling of equivalent mechanical
model for liquid sloshing. Then, the dynamic modeling of tank vehicles was
commenced based on that. It was found out that the roll stability performance of tank
vehicles obtained by different models differs with each other. The quasi-static model
obtained by the estimation of liquid sloshing could get an estimation on tanker’s
rollover threshold quickly and easily, but it is with poor accuracy. The improved quasi-
static model obtianed by the improved estimation of liquid sloshing could give a more
accurate result on tanker’s rollover threshold, the solution is also easily and quickly.
Rollover analysis based on equivalent mechanical model of liquid sloshing could reflect
vehicle’s dynamics and is with high accuracy, but the process is of great complexity.

9
 3. METHODOLOGY
3.1 CAD(Computer Aided Drawing/Drafting)
a) SKETCH
Creo Sketch is a free 2D CAD application that offers the easiest way for anyone to quickly sketch
out product design ideas and share them electronically with customers, suppliers, and co-workers’.
It lets you add colour and other visual enhancements to transform quick sketches into finished
artwork.
A 2D drawing view is a representation of a 3D CAD part or assembly that is placed on a
drawing sheet. A drawing view represents the shape of the object when viewed from various
standard directions, such as front, top, side, and so on.
Modeling three-dimensional solid features often begins with creating a two-dimensional sketch
that defines a portion of the shape of your part. Sketching involves the creation of lines, arcs,
circles, and dimensions.

b)EXTRUDE
An extrude feature is based on a two-dimensional sketch. It linearly extrudes a sketch
perpendicular to the sketching plane to create or remove material.

Creates a 3D solid or surface by extending a 2D or 3D curve. ... You can extrude an open or
closed object to create a 3D surface or solid.

Creates a 3D solid from an object that encloses an area, or a 3D surface from an object with open
ends. Find. Objects can be extruded orthogonally from the plane of the source object, in a
specified direction, or along a selected path. You can also specify a taper angle.

Click Model > Extrude and create a sketch to extrude. This method is referred to as action-object.
Select an existing sketch and then click Model > Extrude. ...
Select a datum plane or planar surface to use as the sketching plane and then click Model >
Extrude.

c) REVOLVE

Revolving is the method of creating a solid by drawing a closed profile and rotating. around an axis
line. The profile may only be drawn on one side of the axis line, this will avoid. and intersecting
material as the closed profile rotates around the axis.
The Revolve feature can be found on the Sketch or Feature toolbar. Revolve rotates Faces,
Sketch regions, Edges, and Sketch curves about a central axis in order to create, add to, remove,
or intersect a part.A revolved section requires an axis of revolution that can be created either
with the section or defined by selecting model geometry. Legacy revolved features that were
defined using the Constant angle option are automatically converted to Variable .

10
d)SWEEP
Sweep features are defined by using custom 2D cross-section (or face) moved along a pre-set
path to create a 3D shape or surface. ... A 3D sweep shape can be created from existing
smoothly connected 3D curves and from selected edges that are smoothly connected. The first
feature we will create is the base, with two extending arms. As before, we do this in two steps:
first the sweep trajectory, then the cross section. We only need to create an open section showing
the edge detail. We will use a special command to fill in the surfaces between the swept edge.

e) SHELL

The Shell feature allows you to select the adjacent tangent surfaces. This enables you to
remove or offset (independently or with different thickness) the surfaces which are tangent to their
neighboring surface at one or more boundaries. The Shell feature hollows out the inside of the
solid, leaving a shell of a specified wall thickness. It lets you specify a surface or surfaces that
you want to remove from the shell.

f) PATTERN
To create a pattern, select the feature or feature pattern that you want to pattern and click Model
> Pattern, or right-click the feature name or feature pattern name on the Model Tree and choose
Pattern on the shortcut menu. The pattern feature is an feature that allows the user to refer to
an edge/vector to define the direction, axis, or path in Linear, Bilinear, circular, edge, and
sketch path patterns.

Creo provide eight types of patterns –

1. Dimension

2. Direction

3. Axis

4. Fill

5. Table

6. Point

7. Curve Reference

g)DATUM
Datum planes are used as a reference on a part where a reference does not already exist. ...
The values that you specify as the height and width of the display outlines of datum planes are not
Creo dimension values and are not displayed. datum feature is a part feature (or FOS), that
contacts a datum during measurement. A datum is a theoretically exact plane (or axis or
center-plane), from which dimensional measurement should be made. ... The measurements that
refer to this datum will be made from the surface plate.

11
Creo provide five datum features: -
 Datum plane

 Datum points

 Datum curve

 Datum axis

 Datum co – ordinate system

h)HOLE
Creo provides industry-standard hole charts and tapped or clearance diameters for the
selected fastener. You can also create your own hole charts. The thread notes are automatically
created for Standard holes. You can separate the hole axis from the hole thread surface and place
the thread in a specified layer.

i) CHAMFER
Chamfers are a type of feature where an edge or corner is beveled. Surfaces can be solid
model surfaces or traditional Creo zero-thickness quilts and surfaces. You can create two types of
chamfers: corner chamfers and edge chamfers. You create corner chamfers using the Corner
Chamfer tool.

j) ASSEMBLY WITH CONSTRAINS

When the assembly constraint type is set to Automatic, Creo creates constraints based on what
geometry you choose, and their relative locations and values of thresholds set in the
configuration settings. References for an Angle constraint can be line-line (coplanar lines), line-
plane, or plain-plain. In the figure below the surface of the part being assembled is at a 90.00°
angle to the selected assembly surface (green). Use the Parallel constraint to place the
component reference parallel to the assembly reference.

Two type of Assembly –

 Static Assembly
 Dynamic Assembly
Two types of Static Assembly –

 Bottom up approach

 Top down approach

Constraints in Assembly Design
 The Fix Constraint.
 The Offset Constraint.
 The Coincidence Constraint.
 The Angle Constraint.
 The Contact Constraint.

12
k) RENDERING
Creo Render Studio compiles elements such as model appearances, scenes, and lighting to
create a rendered image. In a rendered image you can see how an environment reflects onto a
surface. This can help to reveal design flaws or confirm design objectives.
On the Render Studio tab, you can use multiple options to render a model.
1. Click Appearances to open an appearance gallery.
2. Click Scene to open the scenes gallery.
3. Click Saved Orientations to open the list of saved orientations.
4. Click Real-Time > Real-Time Settings, to modify the real-time rendering settings.

Creo Parametric Features about Rendering

 The look and feel of Creo

 Makes it easy to select edges, vertices, and surfaces
 New Cross-Section functionality
 Sticky Righthand Mouse Menus
 Use the Alt key to get to keyboard shortcuts

Fig.2 Rendered view on road

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 3.2 CAE(Computer Aided Engineering)

Engineering data
Engineering Data is a resource for material properties used in an analysis system.
Engineering Data can be used as a repository for company or department data, such as
material data libraries. The Engineering Data workspace is designed to allow you to create,
save, and retrieve material models, as well as to create libraries of data that can be saved and
used in subsequent projects and by other users. Engineering Data can be shown as a
component system or as a cell in any Mechanical analysis system. As a standalone
component system, the workspace accesses all material models and properties by default.
When viewed as a cell in a Mechanical analysis system, the workspace shows the material
models and properties pertinent to that system's physics.

Geometry
The ANSYS Geometry Tools are specifically designed to provide powerful CAD neutral
capabilities to users of the entire suite of ANSYS, Inc. Products that allow users to import,
repair, modify, simplify, and create geometry from almost any CAD source and pass that
geometry to any of the ANSYS Meshing products.
The Ansys Design Modeler will teach us how to create and modify their geometry in
preparation for their analysis in Ansys Workbench, this course is intended for both FEA and
CFD.

Mesh
Meshing is the process of turning irregular shapes into more recognizable volumes called
“elements.” Before you start meshing, you must first upload a geometry or CAD model into,
for example, Ansys Mechanical to begin the simulation process.
Ansys meshing capabilities help reduce the amount of time and effort spent to get to accurate
results. Since meshing typically consumes a significant portion of the time it takes to get
simulation results, Ansys helps by making better and more automated meshing tools.

Setup
It is done in the solver ANSYS. Your concentration will be to understand and perform
physical setup, numerical results, and verification and validation.
In physical setup step you give inputs for solution accuracy, boundary condition, physics
involved, material involved, properties of involved, etc. Here you numerically depict the real
situation you want to simulate.

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CFD
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is the process of mathematically modeling a physical
phenomenon involving fluid flow and solving it numerically using the computational
process.
ANSYS Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation software allows you to predict,
with confidence, the impact of fluid flows on our product — throughout design and
manufacturing as well as during end use.

CFD Setup
In this the medium of the material is specified along with the inlet and outlet positions to
specify the direction of the flow by providing inlet medium's temperature and pressure and
outlet's relative pressure.

We kept inlet and outlet medium as water with inlet temperature as 15° and pressure as 1 Pa
and for outlet relative pressure, we kept it 0.

We also provided motion to our model of (sloshx and sloshz) keeping water at rest to
perform sloshing simulation.
Result
We can check the results through contour plot, graph, and animations.

We got our result through contour and animations.

Fig.3 Analysis with Fluid Flow

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 MODULE THAT WE EXPLAIN

Fig.4 Side view of Module

Fig.5 Volume Fraction in ansys

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 4. DESIGN AND SETUP FOR ANALYSIS

4.1 PART DESIGNING OF THE MODULE

Fig.6 Tyre of tanker

Fig.7 Chasis of Tanker

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18
19
20
21
22
23
 4.2 BILL OF MATERIAL
S.No. Part Name Qty. Material Name
1 BACKSHAFT 2 M.S.
2 BASE 1 S.S.
3 BOLT_INST1 48 M.S.
4 BOLT_INST2 16 M.S.
5 CAP 2 M.S.
6 EXTRA 16 M.S.
7 FRAME 1 M.S.
8 FRONT_PART 1 M.S.
9 NUT 64 M.S.
10 SIDE_SUPPORT 8 M.S.
11 SIDE 8 M.S.
12 SPRING 2 M.S.
13 SPRING_INST 2 M.S.
14 SUPPORT 8 M.S.
15 TYRE 4 RUBBER

Fig.19 Exploded View for Bill of material

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 ASSEMBLY OF THE MODULE
4.4 SETUP FOR ANALYSIS

Orthogonal
Quality

Fig.20 Assembly of parts using constraints

Mesh Size view with placement of lightning and shadow effect

Fig.21 Assembled
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Cells Faces Nodes

27146 56411 5682

Table -1

Mesh Quality
Name Type Min Orthogonal Quality Max Aspect Ratio

air Tet Cell 0.21151042 14.148776

water Tet Cell 0.17012566 13.372627

Table -2

Fig.22

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 Material Properties
water

Density 900 kg/m^3

Cp (Specific Heat) 1006.43 J/(kg K)

Thermal Conductivity 0.0242 W/(m K)

Viscosity 0.001 kg/(m s)

Molecular Weight 28.966 kg/kmol

Thermal Expansion Coefficient 0

Speed of Sound none

air

Density 1.225 kg/m^3

Cp (Specific Heat) 1006.43 J/(kg K)

Thermal Conductivity 0.0242 W/(m K)

Viscosity 1.7894e-05 kg/(m s)

Molecular Weight 28.966 kg/kmol

Thermal Expansion Coefficient 0

Speed of Sound none

Table -3

Models
Model Settings

Space 3D
Time Unsteady, 1st-Order Implicit
Viscous Laminar
Species Non-Reacting
Multiphase Volume of Fluid

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 Table -4

Named Expression

Expression Definition Value Used In

slosh_z -1.97[m 0.075282327 [m Gravitational
s^-2]*sin(6.28[rad/ s^-2] Acceleration-
s]*t) >Z
Table -5

Expression Definition Value Used In

slosh_ -1.97[m 0.025099541 [m Gravitational

x s^-2]*sin(6.28[rad/ s^-2] Acceleration-
s]*t) >X
Table -6

Reference Values

Area 1 m^2
Density 1.225 kg/m^3
Enthalpy 0 J/kg
Length 1m
Pressure 0 Pa
Temperature 288.16 K
Velocity 1 m/s
Viscosity 1.7894e-05 kg/(m s)
Ratio of Specific Heats 1.4
Yplus for Heat Tran. Coef. 300

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 Reference Zone water
Table -7

Solver Settings

Equations
Flow True
Volume Fraction True
Numerics
Absolute Velocity Formulation True
Unsteady Calculation Parameters
Number of Time Steps 400
Time Step Size [s] 0.01
Max Iterations/Time Step 20
Under-Relaxation Factors
Pressure 0.3
Density 1
Body Forces 1
Momentum 0.7
Volume Fraction 0.5
 Pressure-Velocity Coupling
Type PISO
Skewness-Neighbour Coupling True
Skewness Correction 1
Neighbour Correction 1
 Discretization Scheme
Pressure PRESTO!
Momentum Second Order Upwind
Volume Fraction Compressive
 Solution Limits
Minimum Absolute Pressure [Pa] 1
Maximum Absolute Pressure [Pa] 5e+10

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 Minimum Temperature [K] 1
Maximum Temperature [K] 5000
Table -8

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Boundary Conditions

Outlet
top-outerwall (mixture)
Gauge Pressure [Pa] 0
Pressure Profile Multiplier 1
Backflow Direction Specification Method Normal to Boundary
Backflow Pressure Specification Total Pressure
Radial Equilibrium Pressure Distribution no
top-outerwall (air)
top-outerwall (liquid-layers)
Volume Fraction Specification Method Backflow Volume Fraction
Backflow Volume Fraction 0
Specify Species in Mole Fractions? no
Backflow
Wall
wall-air (mixture)
Wall Motion Stationary Wall
Shear Boundary Condition No Slip
wall-air (air)
wall-air (liquid-layers)
Species Boundary Conditions
wall-water (mixture)
Wall Motion Stationary Wall
Shear Boundary Condition No Slip
wall-water (air)
wall-water (liquid-layers)
Species Boundary Conditions
Table -9

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5. RESULT
5.1 ANALYSIS OF TANKER

Fig.23 Geometry

Fig.24 Meshing 32
 Fig.25 Boundary Conditions

Fig.26 Setup

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Fig.27 Inlet and Outlet

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 5.2.EXPECTED RESULT

We have successfully designed all the parts of trolley tanker and also
successfully assembled the different parts of trolley tanker that we have designed
using PRO-E (well known as CREO 6.0). We have learned how to design parts,
assemble all the design parts and render all the design parts and assemble model.
We have successfully performed sloshing effect simulation using Fluid flow
(Fluent) using Ansys software. We have successfully meshed and applied the
correct boundary conditions so that the sloshing can be seen in trolley mounted
water tanker. And we can see simulation with the help of contour.

Fig.28 Running Calculation

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Fig.30 Contour 2 (view from z axis)

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Fig.31 Contour 3 (view from z axis)

Fig.32 Contour 1 (view from x axis)

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Fig.34 Contour 3 (view from x axis)

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 6.CONCLUSION

In this project we have designed TROLLEY TANKER. We have modelled the

TROLLEY TANKER by using 3D cad software PRO-E and we made all parts on
Creo 6.0 and make of all parts we assembled all the parts for suitable dimensions
and produce component.
And we have successfully completed the simulation on trolley tanker by using
Ansys software so that we have see what happens inside the tanker when it is
moving on road.

Fig.36 Completion of simulation

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 7.FUTURE SCOPE

All the software has individual market share in India depending upon the
application. While CATIA is primarily utilized by Automobile companies, due to
its flexibility in surface modeling and other features as mentioned in other
answers, SolidWorks is mainly utilized for mechanical product design.
ProE (known as Creo today), is ideally the best parametric CAD modeling tool
that ensures accuracy in design. However, it lacks user-friendliness as well as
does not allow the designer to continue the design until parametric issues are not
resolved which is comparatively easier in SolidWorks.
ANSYS for mechanical engineering is a concept that has very wide scope if
applied properly. It is gaining popularity as one of the most sought after fields
among mechanical engineers. Its high demand in the industry streams from its
ability to reduce the cost of production of companies while also minimizing the
time taken for production.
Ansys delivers the expertise, capabilities and tools to transform the design and
production processes of industries ranging from automotive to energy to
healthcare.
It has the capability of performing advanced engineering simulations accurately.
It has the capability to optimize various features like geometrical design,
boundary conditions. It has the ability to integrate various physics and perform
analysis. It uses certain inputs and evaluate the product behavior to physics.

Though you may find it heavily used in institutions like BHEL, General Electric,
HAL, BARC, ISRO etc.

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8. BIBLIOGRAPHY

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