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Color Models 3

Digital image processing involves color models like RGB, CMYK, and HSI. Color models facilitate specifying colors in a standard way. RGB is used for monitors and video cameras, while CMYK is used for color printing. The HSI color model corresponds closely to how humans describe color in terms of hue, saturation, and intensity. Pseudocolor processing assigns colors to grayscale images for improved human visualization and interpretation.

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48 views18 pages

Color Models 3

Digital image processing involves color models like RGB, CMYK, and HSI. Color models facilitate specifying colors in a standard way. RGB is used for monitors and video cameras, while CMYK is used for color printing. The HSI color model corresponds closely to how humans describe color in terms of hue, saturation, and intensity. Pseudocolor processing assigns colors to grayscale images for improved human visualization and interpretation.

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hydrotech429
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Digital Image Processing

Color Models
Preview

 Motive
- Color is a powerful descriptor that often simplifies
object identification and extraction from a scene.
- Human can discern thousands of color shades and
intensities, compared to about only two dozen
shades of gray.
Preview
Preview
Preview

 Color image processing is divide into two major


area:
 Full-Color Processing
The images are acquired by full color sensor like
color scanner
 Pseudo-Color Processing
 A color is assigned to a monochrome intensity
or range of intensities.
Color Fundamentals

The experiment of Sir Isaac Newton, in 1666.


Color Fundamentals (con’t)c
Color Fundamentals

 Basic quantities to describe the quality of light source:


 Radiance: Total amount of energy that flows from the
light source (in W).
 Luminance: A measure of the amount of energy an
observer perceives from the light source (in lm(lumens))
 Brightness: A subjective descriptor that embodies the
achromatic notion of intensity and is practically
impossible to measure.
Color Fundamentals (con’t)

Standard wavelength values for the


primary colors. 6 to 7 million cones in
human eye.65% are sensitive to red
light,33% to green and 2% to blue.
Color Fundamentals (con’t)
Color Fundamentals

 The characteristics generally used to distinguish one color


from another are Brightness, Hue, and Saturation.
 Hue: Represents dominant color as perceived by an
observer.
 Saturation: Relative purity or the amount of white light
mixed with a hue

 Hue and saturation taken together are called Chromaticity,


and therefore, a color may be characterized by its Brightness
and Chromaticity.
Color Models

 The purpose of a color model (also called color space


or color system) is to facilitate the specification of
colors in some standard, generally accept way.
 RGB (red,green,blue) : monitor, video camera.
 CMY(cyan,magenta,yellow),CMYK (CMY, black) model for
color printing.
 and HSI model,which corresponds closely with the way
humans describe and interpret color.
The CMY and CMYK Color Models

 Cyan, Magenta and Yellow are the secondary colors


of light
 Most devices that deposit colored pigments on
paper, such as color printers and copiers, require CMY
data input.
 C  1  R 
 M   1  G 
    
 Y  1  B 
The HSI Color Models
 Converting colors from RGB to HSI

 if B  G
H 
360   if B  G
 1 
[( R  G )  ( R  B )]
1  
  cos  2
1/ 2 
 [( R  G ) 2
 ( R  B )(G  B )] 
 
3
S  1 [min( R, G, B)]
( R  G  B)
1
I  ( R  G  B)
3
The HSI Color Models

 Converting colors from HSI to


RGB
 RG sector : 0  H  120

B  I (1  S )

 S cos H 
R  I 1  
 cos( 60 
 H ) 

G  3I  ( R  B )
The HSI Color Models

 Converting colors from HIS to


RGB
 GB sector : 120  H  240

H  H  120
R  I (1  S )
 S cos H 
G  I 1  
 cos( 60 
 H ) 
B  3I  ( R  G )
The HSI Color Models

 Converting colors from HIS to


RGB
 BR sector : 240  H  360

H  H  240
G  I (1  S )
 S cos H 
B  I 1  
 cos( 60 
 H ) 
R  3I  (G  B)
Pseudocolor Image Processing

 Pseudocolor (also called false color) image processing


consists of assigning colors to gray values based on a
specified criterion.

 The principal use of pseudocolor is for human visualization


and interpretation of gray-scale events in an image or
sequence of images.

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