UNIT 1 and 2

UNIT-I
PART-A
In unsymmetrical bending, the neutral axis passes thro the centriod of the cross-section.
(True/False).
A rectangular cross-section is subjected to a skew load. Mark the neutral axis and sketch the
bending stress distribution.
When does unsymmetrical bending takes place.
A beam bends about its neutral axis for both symmetrical and unsymmetrical bending.
(True/False).
Explain unsymmetrical bending with examples.
Define neutral axis and give expression to determine it.
Define principle axis of a section and give an expression to determine it.
Draw bending stress variation across the depth for (a) Rectangular section (b) I-section.
Distinguish between symmetric and unsymmetric bending.
What do you understand by unsymmetrical bending? Explain a method to find the stress in an
unsymmetrical bending
Explain the Euler-Bernoulli hypothesis in bending of beams.
Bending of a symmetric section subjected to a skew load will be

(symmetric/Unsymmetric).Explain.
PART-B
1. Determine the normal stress at location A and G(refer fig.1)for the following cases of
loading:
(i) Vx=1.2 kN acting through shear center.
(ii) Vy=1.2 kN acting through shear center. Vx and Vy are applied0.8 m away from the
indicated cross-section.
2. (i)Derive and obtain an expression for the bending stress in an unsymmetrical section
subjected to bending, using the generalized ‘k’ method (10)
(ii) Explain the neutral axis method of bending stress determination mhen an arbitrary section
is subjected to bending moments Mx and My. (6)
3. The section shown in fig.2 is subjected to bending moment Mx=30kNm.determine the

bending stress at the corner points A, B, C and D.
4. A Z- section with 12 cm x 3 cm flanges and 20 cm x 3 cm web is subjected to Mx=10 kN-

m and My=10 kN-m . Determine the maximum bending stress.
5. A box beam with 50 cm length is subjected to loads Px=8kN and Py=25kN as shown in
fig.3. The stringer area is 3 cm2 each. Find the maximum bending stress.
6. Obtain the bending stress values at the points A,B,C and D for the section shown in
fig.4.Compute the stresses using moment values with respect to x and y axis and the principle
axis.
7. Compute the load on the lumped flanges due to bending of the section shown in
fig.5.Assume the web do not take part in bending. Compute the loads using moment values
with respect to x and y axis and principle axis.
8. A beam section shown in fig.6.has four stringers. Area of the stringers A, B, C and D are
6.25, 3.125, 4.5 and 6sq.cm respectively. Find the stresses in all the four stringers of the
section due to Mx=50kNm and My=-20kNm where x and y are the centriodal axes. Assume
that webs and walls are ineffective in bending.
9. Refer fig.7.The section is subjected to an 8 kNm bending moment in the x-z plane and a 10
kNm bending in the y-z plane. Determine the bending stresses in all the corner points,
indicating whether they are tensile or compressive.
10. Determine the bending stresses in the stringer of the section shown in fig.8 .E1= 70GPa ,
E2=210GPa and E3=100GPa.stringer areas are 2 cm2
11. A C-section beam of length 50 cm is subjected to loads Px=100N .the C-section

dimensions are (i) Flanges- 25 cm x3 cm (ii)web 30cm x 3cm.
PART-A
Shear flow can be defined for both thin and thick walled section (true/false)
Sketch the shear flow distribution when a thin walled L-section is subjected to a vertical load.
Define shear center and elastic axis.
Define shear flow .How the shear stress is obtained from the shear flow?
Indicate the shear center for channel section and angle section.
Draw shear flow diagram for I section and Channel section.
PART-B
Derive and obtain an expression for shear flow due to bending in the case of an arbitrary thin
walled open section subjected to bending. How to modify the results you obtained for the
case of closed section.
Plot the shear flow and locate the shear center for the section shown in fig.9.
Plot the shear flow and locate the shear center for the section shown in fig.10.
Find the shear flow for the section shown in fig.11.The Area of the each stringer =6 cm2.the
loads are Sx=10kN and Sy=50kN through the shear center .Also find the Shear center
Find the shear center of the section shown in fig.12.Area a=b=4 cm2 and c=d=2 cm2
Find the shear flow distribution and locate the shear center for the section shown in
fig.13.Each of the stringers has an area of 4 cm2 and the section subjected to vertical shear of
50 kN.
Find the shear flow distribution in a thin walled Z-section, whose thickness is‘t’, height’h’.
Flange width ‘h/2’ and subjected to vertical shear load through shear center.
(i) Show that the sum of the moment of inertia about any two orthogonal axes is invariant
with respect to any other two orthogonal axes. (6)
(ii)Obtain the shear flow distribution and shear center location for the section in fig.14.When
it is subjected to a shear load of 5 kN. (10)
Determine the shear center location for the section shown in fig.15. All the webs are
ineffective in bending.
Locate the shear center for the section shown in fog.16.Plot the shear stress distribution when
a vertical shear load of 1.2kNacts through the shear center.

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UNIT-I

When does unsymmetrical bending takes place.

Explain unsymmetrical bending with examples.

Define neutral axis and give expression to determine it.

Define principle axis of a section and give an expression to determine it.

Explain the Euler-Bernoulli hypothesis in bending of beams.

Bending of a symmetric section subjected to a skew load will be

3. The section shown in fig.2 is subjected to bending moment Mx=30kNm.determine the

4. A Z- section with 12 cm x 3 cm flanges and 20 cm x 3 cm web is subjected to Mx=10 kN-

11. A C-section beam of length 50 cm is subjected to loads Px=100N .the C-section

Define shear center and elastic axis.

Draw shear flow diagram for I section and Channel section.

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