Aston & Gaudenzi (2012) offer four modes for understanding the nature of

interactive documentary;
The conversational mode as a conversation with a computer that is typified
through forms of game-play,
.‫كمحادثة مع جهاز كومبيوتر يتم تمثيلها من خالل أشكال اللعب‬...
The hypertext mode as means of structuring user experience through a series of
branching choices;
.‫كوسيلة لتنظيم تجربة المستخدم من خالل ساسلة من االختيارات المتفرعة‬...
The participative mode as two-way conversation between author and users that
actively involves the user in production of material;
.‫كمحادثة ثنائية االتجاه بين المؤلف و المستخدمين والتي تشرك المستخدم بشكل فعال في انتاج المادة‬...
The experiential mode as a way of utilising space and embodiment to structure
the user experience particularly where the experience of the real and the virtual
become blurred
‫كوسيلة الستخدام المساحة والتجسيد لبناء تجربة المستخدم خاصة عمدما تصبح تجربة الواقع واالفتراضي‬...
.‫غير واضحة‬

Story structure or narrative structure:

Three-act structure ( beginning, a middle, and an end)

The first act begins with setup, where all of the main characters and their basic situations are
introduced, as well as the setting. It contains the primary level of characterization for both of
these (exploring the character's backgrounds and personalities, the relationships between them,
and the dynamics of the world they live in). This setup is often called the exposition.[5]
Later in the first act, the protagonist experiences a dynamic event known as the inciting
incident (or catalyst). Their initial actions are to deal with this event and attempt to reestablish
order.[6] These lead to the first plot point, where the first act ends and a dramatic question is
raised; for example, "Will X disable the bomb?" or "Will Y get the girl?"
The second act, or confrontation, is considered to be the bulk of the story. Here, the characters'
conflict is most developed (particularly between the protagonist and antagonist) as well as any
changes in values and personality one or more characters may undergo (known as character
development, or a character arc). This leads to the second plot point, where the second act ends
and the protagonist returns to their ordinary world.
The third act, or resolution, is when the problem in the story boils over, forcing the characters to
confront it, allowing all the elements of the story to come together, leading to the climax, which
is the answer to the dramatic question, being hand in hand with the end of the conflict

Categories
Most forms of narrative fall under two main categories: linear narrative and nonlinear
narrative.[10] Other forms also include interactive narration, and interactive narrative.

 Linear narrative is the most common form of narration, where events are largely
portrayed in a chronological order telling the events in the order in which they
occurred.
 Nonlinear narrative, disjointed narrative, or disrupted narrative is a narrative
technique where events are portrayed out of chronological order or in other ways
where the narrative does not follow the direct causality pattern.

 . Interactive narration refers to a work where the linear narrative is driven by, rather
than influenced by, the user's interaction.
 Interactive narrative is a form of fiction in which users are able to make choices that
influence the narrative (for example, through alternative plots or resulting in
alternative endings) through their actions.

 Interactive narration
In works of interactive narration there is only one narrative but the method of delivery requires the
user to actively work to gain the next piece of the narrative, or have to piece the parts of narrative
that they have together in order to form a coherent narrative.
This is the narrative approach of some modern video games. A player will be required to reach an
objective, complete a task, solve a puzzle, or finish a level before the narrative continues

‫ يوجد سرد واحد فقط ولكن طريقة التسليم تتطلب من المستخدم‬،‫في أعمال السرد التفاعلي‬:‫السرد التفاعلي‬
‫ أو يجب عليه تجميع أجزاء السرد التي لديهم مًعا من‬،‫العمل بنشاط للحصول على الجزء التالي من السرد‬
.‫أجل تشكيل سرد متماسك‬
‫ سُيطلب من الالعب الوصول إلى هدف أو إكمال مهمة أو‬.‫هذا هو النهج السردي لبعض ألعاب الفيديو الحديثة‬
‫حل لغز أو إنهاء المستوى قبل استمرار السرد‬
Interactive narrative[edit]
An interactive narrative is one which is composed with a branching structure where a single starting
point may lead to multiple developments and outcomes. The principle of all such games is that, at
each step of the narrative, the user makes choices that advance the story, leading to a new series of
choices. Authoring non-linear narrative or dialogue thus implies imagining an indefinite number of
parallel stories.
In a gamebook, readers are told to turn to a certain page according to the choice they wish to make
to continue the story. Typically, the choice will be an action rather than dialogue. For example, the
hero hears a noise in another room and must decide to open the door and investigate, run away, or
call for help. This kind of interactive experience of a story is possible with video games and books
(where the reader is free to turn the pages) but less adapted to other forms of entertainment.
Improvisational theatre is similarly open-ended, but of course cannot be said to be authored.

‫السرد التفاعلي‬
‫السرد التفاعلي هو الذي يتكون من بنية متفرعة حيث يمكن لنقطة بداية واحدة أن تؤدي إلى تطورات ونتائج‬
‫ يقوم المستخدم باختيارات‬،‫ المبدأ الذي تقوم عليه جميع هذه األلعاب هو أنه في كل خطوة من السرد‬.‫متعددة‬
‫ وبالتالي فإن تأليف السرد أو الحوار غير‬.‫ مما يؤدي إلى سلسلة جديدة من االختيارات‬،‫تعمل على تقدم القصة‬
.‫الخطي يعني ضمنا تخيل عدد غير محدد من القصص الموازية‬

‫ ُيطلب من القراء االنتقال إلى صفحة معينة وفًقا لالختيار الذي يرغبون في اتخاذه لمواصلة‬،‫في كتاب األلعاب‬
‫ يسمع البطل ضجيًجا في غرفة أخرى‬،‫ على سبيل المثال‬.‫ عادًة ما يكون االختيار إجراًء وليس حواًر ا‬.‫القصة‬
‫ هذا النوع من التجربة التفاعلية للقصة‬.‫ أو طلب المساعدة‬،‫ أو الهرب‬،‫ويجب أن يقرر فتح الباب والتحقيق‬
‫ممكن مع ألعاب الفيديو والكتب (حيث يكون للقارئ الحرية في تقليب الصفحات) ولكنه أقل تكيًفا مع أشكال‬
.‫ لكن بالطبع ال يمكن القول بأنه مؤلف‬،‫ المسرح االرتجالي بالمثل هو مسرح مفتوح‬.‫الترفيه األخرى‬

Graphic narrative
A simple graphic narrative, such as in comics, has four stages: an introduction of
the characters and a description of a situation, the introduction of a problem,
unexpected opportunity, or other complication into the situation, a resolution in the
form of a partial or complete response to the problem by one or more of the
characters, and the denouement, the aftermath of the response that makes clear the
success, partial success, non-success, or uncertain success of the response. This
fourth stage may also show how the original situation has changed due to what has
taken place in the Complication and Resolution stages of the narrative. [12]
In a simple narrative, the four stages appear in order. That is, the sequence of the
telling or presentation follows the chronology of the told. In a more complex story,
the order of the telling may vary. For instance, such a story may begin with the
Denouement and then present the Situation, Complication, and Resolution in a
flashback. But this is not the case with a simple narrative

‫السرد الرسومي‬
‫ مقدمة للشخصيات‬:‫ من أربع مراحل‬،‫ كما هو الحال في القصص المصورة‬،‫يتكون السرد الرسومي البسيط‬
‫ أو حل في شكل‬،‫ أو أي تعقيد آخر في الموقف‬،‫ أو فرصة غير متوقعة‬،‫ أو تقديم مشكلة‬،‫ووصف لموقف ما‬
‫ ما بعد الرد الذي يوضح‬،‫ والخاتمة‬،‫جزئي أو االستجابة الكاملة للمشكلة من قبل واحد أو أكثر من الشخصيات‬
‫ وقد تظهر هذه المرحلة الرابعة‬.‫ أو نجاحها غير المؤكد‬،‫ أو عدم نجاحها‬،‫ أو نجاحها الجزئي‬،‫نجاح االستجابة‬
.‫أيًض ا كيف تغير الوضع األصلي بسبب ما حدث في مرحلتي التعقيد والحل في السرد‬

Linear narrative & Nonlinear narrative, disjointed narrative, or disrupted narrative

Plot (narrative)
In a literary work, film, or other narrative, the plot is the sequence of events in which each event
affects the next one through the principle of cause-and-effect. The causal events of a plot can be
thought of as a series of events linked by the connector "and so"
Plots can vary from the simple to forming complex interwoven structures, with each part sometimes
referred to as a subplot or imbroglio.
Plot is similar in meaning to the term storyline.[2][3] In the narrative sense, the term highlights important
points which have consequences within the story, according to American science fiction writer Ansen
Dibell.[1] The term plot can also serve as a verb, referring to either the writer's crafting of a plot
(devising and ordering story events), or else to a character's planning of future actions in the story.
The term plot, however, in common usage (for example, a "movie plot") can mean a narrative
summary or story synopsis, rather than a specific cause-and-effect sequence. It can even refer to
the whole narrative broadly.

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 : STORY –TIME

1 “SO” 4 – “SO” 8 PLOT – TIME LOGIC
Plot is the cause‐and‐effect sequence of main events in a story.[1] The story events
are numbered chronologically; the red plot events are also connected logically by
"so"..