Mathematics Grade 8

W1 - Lesson 5: Working with Percents

V6-10
 Important Concepts of Grade 8 Mathematics Materials
W1 - Lesson 1...................................................Perfect Squares and Square Roots Required
W1 - Lesson 2....................................................... Working with Ratios and Rates
W1 - Lesson 3................................................ Multiplying and Dividing Fractions Protractor
W1 - Lesson 4.................................................. Multiplying and Dividing Integers Ruler
W1 - Lesson 5..................................................................... Working with Percents Calculator
W1 - Review
W1 - Quiz
No Textbook
W2 - Lesson 1...... Modelling and Solving Linear Equations Using Algebra Tiles Required
W2 - Lesson 2................................................................. Solving Linear Equations
W2 - Lesson 3......................................Graphing and Analyzing Linear Relations This is a stand-
alone course.
W2 - Lesson 4............................................ Critiquing the Representation of Data
W2 - Lesson 5.................................................. Probability of Independent Events
W2 - Review
W2 - Quiz

W3 - Lesson 1...................................................................... Pythagorean Theorem

W3 - Lesson 2..................................................................Calculating Surface Area
W3 - Lesson 3...........................................................................Calculating Volume
W3 - Lesson 4.........................................................................Drawing 3-D Objects
W3 - Lesson 5.................................................................... Congruence of Polygons
W3 - Review
W3 - Quiz

Mathematics Grade 8
Version 6
Preview/Review W1 - Lesson 5
ISBN 1-891894-00-6

Publisher: Alberta Distance Learning Centre

Written by: Monica dHamrait
Reviewed by: Patty Rogerson

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Preview/Review Concepts
for
Grade Eight Mathematics

W1 – Lesson 5:

Working with Percents

 OBJECTIVES
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

• Determine the percent represented by a grid

• Represent a percent greater than 100 using grid paper

• Convert percents into decimals and fractions

• Convert decimals into percents and fractions

• Convert fractions into percents and decimals

• Solve problems involving percents

GLOSSARY
Percent – a given part for every
hundred; for example, 25% means 25
for every 100.
Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 8

W1 – Lesson 5: Working with Percents

Materials required:

• Paper, Pencil, Calculator, and Grid Paper

Part 1: Representing Percents Greater than 100%

The word percent can be broken down into per-cent which literally means “per hundred.”
A percent is used to represent a given part for every hundred and uses a % symbol to
indicate that the number is a percent. On your last math test, you may have received a
mark of 75%. This means that if 100 questions were written, you would have gotten 75 of
them correct. You are used to seeing percents between 0-100, but it is possible to have a
percent that is greater than 100.
If you own a business, you will likely increase the price of a product that you purchased in
order to make a profit. If you double the price of the product you are marking up the price
by 100%.
For example, if you buy a chair for $75 and sell it for $150, then you are adding 100% of
the cost of the original product to itself and you make $75 in profits. 75 is 100% of 75, so
you have made a 100% profit. Similarly, if you sold the chair for $225, the mark up in price
is $150. $150 is 200% of 75, so you have made a 200% profit.
Another example is the work of a photographer. If you go to a portrait studio and ask for a
picture to be enlarged, they have the ability to increase it by 150%. This means the picture
you receive will be 1 and a half or 1.5 times as large as the original picture you gave them
to enlarge.
Percents can be represented using a grid paper with one hundred squares. Each square
that is shaded in represents 1%.

In this example, the completely shaded in grid represents 100%. The partially shaded in
1
grid represents 35 % .
1 2
In total 135 % is represented by using the grid paper.
2
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Mathematics Grade 8 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5

Practice Questions
1. Represent the given diagram as a percent, as a decimal number, and in fraction
form.

2. Represent 146% using the following grids.

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 8

3. Represent 121.5% using the following grids.

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Mathematics Grade 8 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5

Part 2: Relating Percents, Decimals, and Fractions

A percent can also be expressed as a decimal number and in fraction form.

• To express a percent as a decimal, remove the percent symbol, and move the decimal
point in the percentage two places to the left.

48%  4 8.  0.48

• To express a percent as a fraction, place the percent over 100 and drop the percent
symbol. Then simplify the resulting fraction.

148 148 ÷ 4 37 12
148% = = = =1
100 100 ÷ 4 25 25

A decimal can also be expressed as a percent and in fraction form.

• To express a decimal as a percent, move the decimal point two places to the right
and add a percent symbol at the end of the number.

0.572  0 5 7 . 2  57.2%
1 2

• To express a decimal as a fraction, place the decimal number over a denominator

that is equal to the last place value in the decimal number and remove the decimal
point. Then simplify the resulting fraction.

572 572 ÷ 4 143

0.572 = = =
1000 1000 ÷ 4 250

Since 2 is in the thousandths

place, the denominator
becomes 1000.

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 8

A fraction can also be expressed as a percent and as a decimal number.

• To express a fraction as a decimal, divide the numerator by the denominator.

5
= 5 ÷ 8 = 0.625
8

Mixed numbers can also be expressed as decimals by applying the same rules.

4
2 = 2 + ( 4 ÷ 5 ) = 2 + 0.80 = 2.80
5

• To express a fraction as a percent, divide the numerator by the denominator, and

move the decimal point two places to the right. Then add a percent symbol behind
the resulting number.

5
= 5 ÷ 8 = 0.625 = 62.5%
8

Mixed numbers can also be expressed as percentages by applying the same rules.

4
2 = 2 + ( 4 ÷ 5 ) = 2 + 0.80 = 2.80 = 280%
5

Practice Questions

1. Express the following percents as a decimal number and in fraction form.

a. 382%

b. 166%

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Mathematics Grade 8 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5

2. Express the following decimals as a percent and in fraction form.

a. 1.18

b. 2.05

3. Express the following fractions as a decimal number and a percent.

7
a. 3
10

12
b.
5

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 8

Part 3: Problem Solving with Percents

To solve problems involving percents, you must convert the percent into a decimal first.
Then it is possible to complete the calculations.

Example 1

A clothing store is discounting all its out-of-season stock for 15% off the sale price. Isaiah
wants to buy a jacket that is on sale for 20% off its original price. If the original price of
the jacket is $129.98, how much will it cost Isaiah to purchase the jacket before taxes?

Answer:
Step 1: Calculate the sale price after applying the 20% discount.
Convert 20% into a decimal and then complete the calculation.

20% of $129.98 = 0.20 × 129.98 = 25.996 ≈ 26.00

Remember that
money is written to
two decimal places.

In math, "of" means

multiply.

Subtract the amount of the first discount from the original price of the jacket.

129.98 − 26 = $103.98

Step 2: Calculate the final price after applying the 15% discount.
Convert 15% into a decimal and then complete the calculation.

15% of $103.98 = 0.15 × 103.98 = 15.597 ≈ 15.60

Subtract the amount of the second discount from the sale price of the jacket.

$103.98 − 15.60 = $88.38

Isaiah will pay $88.38 for the jacket.

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Mathematics Grade 8 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5

Example 2

Megan lives in Victoria and wants to buy a new pair of shoes that cost $59.99. How much
will the shoes cost in total, including GST & PST? (The PST in British Columbia is 7%).

Answer:
Step 1: Calculate the amount of the GST.
Convert the GST into a decimal and complete the calculation.

5% of $59.99 = 0.05 × 59.99 = 2.9995 ≈ 3.00

Step 2: Calculate the amount of the PST.

Convert the PST into a decimal and complete the calculation.

7% of $59.99 = 0.07 × 59.99 = 4.1993 ≈ 4.20

Step 3: Calculate the total cost of the shoes.

Add the GST and the PST to the original price of the shoes.

$59.99 + 3.00 + $4.20 = $67.19

Alternate solution:

Because the taxes are being taken off the same amount, they can be added together and
the final price can be calculated in a fewer number of steps.
Step 1: Add the GST & PST together.

5% + 7% = 12%

Step 2: Calculate the total cost of the shoes.

Convert the total taxes into a decimal and complete the calculation.

12% of $59.99 = 0.12 × 59.99 = 7.1988 ≈ 7.20

Add the amount of the taxes to the original price of the shoes.

59.99 + 7.20 = $67.19

Megan will pay $67.19 for the new pair of shoes.

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 8

Practice Questions

1. An MP3 player in Regina costs $19.99 and is discounted by 25%. What is the total
cost of the MP3 player including all appropriate taxes? (The PST in Saskatchewan
in 6%).

2. One summer, Chloe counted 320 ducks in a lake. The following summer Chloe
noticed that only 80% of the ducks returned. How many ducks returned that
following summer?

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Mathematics Grade 8 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5

Lesson 5: Assignment
1. Determine the number represented by the following grid. Express the answer as a
percent, a decimal number and in fraction form.

2. Express the following percents as decimal numbers and in fraction form.

a. 121%

b. 34%

c. 279%

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 8

3. Express the following decimals as percents and in fraction form.

a. 1.56

b. 2.85

c. 5.42

4. Express the following fractions as decimal numbers and as percents.

5
a. 2
8

18
b. 4

3
c. 5
4

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Mathematics Grade 8 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5

5. Emma had 44 shots on goal during hockey practice and scored 11 times. What
percent of her shots were saved?

6. There were 224 people in the movie theatre on Thursday night. Approximately 63%
of them had popcorn. How many people in the theatre had popcorn that night?

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 8

7. The original price of a DVD player is $148.99 and it is on sale for 15% off. There is
a further 10% discount taken off at the cash register. What is the cost of the DVD
player before taxes?

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 8

8. The price tag on a mountain bike in Ontario is $114.00. What is the total cost of the
bike including all applicable taxes? (The PST in Ontario is 8%).

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 8

9. What is the total cost of a leather jacket that costs $399.00 and is on sale for 75%
off, if it is purchased in Alberta? (There is no PST in Alberta).

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 8

10. The population of MetroTown was 570 000. The next year, the population increased
by 10%. In the following year after that, the population increased by another 12%.
What is the population of MetroTown now?

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