Mathematics Grade 8 TEACHER KEY

W1 - Lesson 1: Perfect Squares and

Square Roots
V6-10
 Important Concepts of Grade 8 Mathematics Materials
W1 - Lesson 1...................................................Perfect Squares and Square Roots Required
W1 - Lesson 2....................................................... Working with Ratios and Rates
W1 - Lesson 3................................................ Multiplying and Dividing Fractions Protractor
W1 - Lesson 4.................................................. Multiplying and Dividing Integers Ruler
W1 - Lesson 5..................................................................... Working with Percents Calculator
W1 - Review
W1 - Quiz
No Textbook
W2 - Lesson 1...... Modelling and Solving Linear Equations Using Algebra Tiles Required
W2 - Lesson 2................................................................. Solving Linear Equations
W2 - Lesson 3......................................Graphing and Analyzing Linear Relations This is a stand-
alone course.
W2 - Lesson 4............................................ Critiquing the Representation of Data
W2 - Lesson 5.................................................. Probability of Independent Events
W2 - Review
W2 - Quiz

W3 - Lesson 1...................................................................... Pythagorean Theorem

W3 - Lesson 2..................................................................Calculating Surface Area
W3 - Lesson 3...........................................................................Calculating Volume
W3 - Lesson 4.........................................................................Drawing 3-D Objects
W3 - Lesson 5.................................................................... Congruence of Polygons
W3 - Review
W3 - Quiz

Mathematics Grade 8
Version 6
Preview/Review W1 - Lesson 1
ISBN 1-891894-00-6

Publisher: Alberta Distance Learning Centre

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Preview/Review Concepts
for
Grade Eight Mathematics
Teacher Key

W1 – Lesson 1:

Perfect Squares and Square

Roots
 OBJECTIVES
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

• Determine the factors of a perfect square

• Identify a perfect square

• Determine the square of a given number

• Estimate approximate square roots with and without technology

GLOSSARY
Factors – the numbers that are
multiplied to give a product. A factor
of a given number will divide into the
given number with no remainder left
over. For example, the 4 and 5 are
factors of 20.

Non-perfect square – a number that

has a non-terminating and non-
repeating decimal number as its
square root

Perfect square – a number that has a

whole number as its square root

Square root – a number that when

multiplied by itself results in a
specific number
Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 1 Mathematics Grade 8

W1 – Lesson 1: Perfect Squares and Square Roots

Materials required:

• Paper, Pencil, Calculator, and Grid paper

Part 1: Perfect Squares

A perfect square is a number that is the product of one number being multiplied by itself.
They are called perfect squares because they form a square when they are laid out using
algebra tiles.

The length and width of

1x1=1 the squares are identical

2x2=4

3x3=9

4 x 4 = 16

Perfect squares have an odd number of factors.

12 = 1 × 12 36 = 1 × 36
= 2 × 6 not a perfect square – = 2 × 18
= 3 × 4 (even number of factors) = 3 × 12 In this example, the number 6 can only be
=4×9 counted once, therefore 36 will have an odd
=6×6 number of factors.

6 factors

9 factors

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Mathematics Grade 8 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 1

Practice Questions

1. Represent the following perfect squares using the grid provided.

a. 64

b. 121

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 1 Mathematics Grade 8

2. Identify the perfect squares in the following list of numbers. Explain why they are
or are not perfect squares.

169 45 72 100 49 56

169 - this is a perfect square because it has an odd number of factors

45 - this is a non-perfect square because it has an even number of factors

72- this is a non- perfect square because it has an even number of factors
100- this is a perfect square because it has an odd number of factors
49- this is a perfect square because it has an odd number of factors
56- this is a non- perfect square because it has an even number of factors

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Mathematics Grade 8 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 1

Part 2: Square Roots

In the previous examples involving counting factors of numbers, you looked at the factors
of perfect squares. You understand that perfect squares have an odd number of factors.
Since 6 is multiplied by itself to get 36, 6 is the square root of 36.

A square root is the number being multiplied by itself that results in a specific number.

The symbol that represents a square root is .

You can calculate the square root of a number mentally or using a calculator.
When asked to find the square root of a given number, ask yourself “What number do I
multiply by itself to result in a product of the given number?”

Or press the on your calculator and then type in the number.

Example 1

What is the square root of 25? This is expressed mathematically as 25 .

Mentally:

“What number is multiplied by itself to result in a product of 25?”

The answer is 5.

Calculator:

Type in 2 5 or 2 5 depending on your calculator.

The screen will show an answer of 5.

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 1 Mathematics Grade 8

Example 1

1. 400

400 = 20

2. 289

289 = 17

3. 225

225 = 15

Determine the square of the following numbers.

4. 11

112 = 121

5. 16

162 = 256

6. 9

92 = 81

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Mathematics Grade 8 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 1

Part 3: Approximate Square Roots

Only perfect squares will have square roots that are whole numbers.
Non-perfect squares will have squares roots that are decimal numbers. The number 30 is
a non-perfect square because when you type in 3 0 into your calculator, the following
number will appear, 5.477225575... This decimal does not terminate or repeat, it will go
on forever. In these cases, you must approximate the answer. A reasonable answer for the
square root of 30 is 5.47.

30 ≈ 5.47

This symbol means

"approximately."

You can also approximate square roots without using a calculator.

For example, the 15 can be determined using your knowledge of other commonly used
perfect squares. The number 15 is in between the perfect squares 9 and 16.
The square root of 9 is 3.
The square root of 16 is 4.

This tells you that the square root of 15 is somewhere between 3 and 4. Since 15 is closer
to 16 than it is to 9, the square root of 15 will be closer to 4.

A good estimate is 3.9. Thus, 15 ≈ 3.9 .

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 1 Mathematics Grade 8

Practice Questions

Approximate the square roots of the following numbers using a calculator. Round your
answer to the nearest hundredth.

1. 55 ≈

55 ≈ 7.42

2. 92 ≈

92 ≈ 9.59

3. 76 ≈

76 ≈ 8.72

Determine the two numbers in which the square root of the following numbers falls in
between.

4. 7
61 is in between ________ 8
& ________

5. 5
35 is in between ________ 6
& ________

6. 9
84 is in between ________ 10
& ________

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Mathematics Grade 8 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 1

Lesson 1: Assignment

1. Express the following numbers as perfect squares on the grid provided:

a. 49

b. 144

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 1 Mathematics Grade 8

2. Determine which of the following numbers are prefect squares using their factors as
a guide.

196 27 100 63 50

196- this is a perfect square because it has an odd number of factors

27- this is a non- perfect square because it has an even number of factors
100- this is a perfect square because it has an odd number of factors
63- this is a non- perfect square because it has an even number of factors
50- this is a non- perfect square because it has an even number of factors

3. Determine the square root of the following numbers

a. 529

529 = 23

b. 961

961 = 31

c. 784

784 = 28

d. 121

121 = 11

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Mathematics Grade 8 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 1

4. Determine the square of the following numbers.

a. 6 62 = 36

b. 25 252 = 625

c. 100 1002 = 10000

d. 14 142 = 196

5. Use your calculator to find the square roots of the following numbers. Round the
answer to the nearest tenth.

a. 117 ≈ 117 ≈ 10 .8

b. 285 ≈ 285 ≈ 16 .9

c. 3030 ≈ 3030 ≈ 55 .0

d. 99 ≈ 99 ≈ 9 .9

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