Scribd
Upload
178 views4 pages

Question Bank - Nuclear Physics

This document contains 25 questions about nuclear physics concepts and nuclear reactions. The questions cover topics such as defining terms related to nuclear structure like atomic mass unit and nuclear magnetic dipole moment. They also address nuclear forces and binding energy, nuclear reactions and decay types, nuclear fission and fusion reactions, components and operation of nuclear reactors, and components and operating principles of devices like cyclotrons and Geiger-Muller counters. An additional 10 practice problems are provided related to calculating energies of nuclear reactions, amounts of fuel required for power generation, and specifications of particle accelerators.

Uploaded by

dwijdani78
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
178 views4 pages

Question Bank - Nuclear Physics

This document contains 25 questions about nuclear physics concepts and nuclear reactions. The questions cover topics such as defining terms related to nuclear structure like atomic mass unit and nuclear magnetic dipole moment. They also address nuclear forces and binding energy, nuclear reactions and decay types, nuclear fission and fusion reactions, components and operation of nuclear reactors, and components and operating principles of devices like cyclotrons and Geiger-Muller counters. An additional 10 practice problems are provided related to calculating energies of nuclear reactions, amounts of fuel required for power generation, and specifications of particle accelerators.

Uploaded by

dwijdani78
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Question Bank

1. Explain the following terms: (a) atomic mass unit (b) Parity (c)
Nuclear radius and density (d) Nuclear Angular Momentum
/Nuclear Spin (e) Nuclear magnetic dipole moment.
2. Explain electric quadrupole moment and interpret it for
identifying different nuclear shapes.
3. Explain the origin of nuclear force and state its characteristics.
4. Calculate the energy of 1 a.m.u. in MeV.
5. With the help of suitable graph, explain the variation of binding
energy per nucleon (BE/A) with increasing mass number (A).
6. State the conclusions of Segre chart.
7. Discuss theory of nuclear shell model.
8. State the assumptions, advantages and disadvantages of nuclear
liquid drop model.
9. Discuss theory of nuclear shell model.
10. Explain the semi-empirical mass formula.
11. Define nuclear reaction. Explain with appropriate example
any three types of nuclear reaction.
12. Define nuclear decay. Discuss the four main types of
nuclear decay.
13. Explain the concept of Q-value. Using Q-value, define
explain the terms (a) exothermic reaction (b) endothermic
reaction and (c) threshold energy.
14. Describe uncontrolled and controlled chain reaction.
15. Describe the main components of a nuclear reactor.
16. Explain the working and applications of a nuclear reactor.
17. Define chain reaction and nuclear reactor. State the
principle of nuclear reactor. Explain the function of moderator
in uranium fed nuclear reactors.
18. Derive the relationship between critical size of nucleus and
sustained chain reaction.
19. With the help of neat labeled diagram, explain the
construction and working of a cyclotron.
20. State any two limitations of a cyclotron.
21. With the help of neat labeled diagram, explain the
construction and working of a Synchrotron.
22. Explain the construction and working of a Geiger-Mueller
counter with the help of a neat labeled diagram.
23. Explain dead time, resolving time and recovery time of a
G-M counter.
24. With the help of a neat labeled diagram, explain the
principle, construction and working of a scintillation counter.
25. Explain the scintillation mechanism in organic and
inorganic scintillators.
Problems:
1. Calculate the diameter of (a) Fe56. Given: R0 = 1.2 fm. (Ans: 9.2
x 10-15 m)
2. Calculate the nuclear density of U235. Given: R0 = 1.2 fm, mass
of a nucleon = 1.66 x 10-27 kg. (Ans: 2.29 x 1017 kg/m3)
Problems 21-31, 35 from Applied Nuclear Physics chapter of
Engineering Physics by Singh and Malik.
3. How much energy would a γ-ray photon have if it is to split an
α-particle into a tritium 𝐻13 and proton 𝐻11 ? Given masses of
𝐻𝑒24 , 𝐻13 and 𝐻11 as 4.002603 a.m.u., 3.016056 a.m.u. and
1.007276 a.m.u., respectively.
4. A tritium gas target (𝐻13 ) is bombarded with a beam of protons
(𝐻11 ) of kinetic energy 3 MeV.
Determine Q value of the following reaction and specify the
type of reaction.

Given m(𝐻11 ) = 1.007276 a.m.u.; m(𝐻13 ) = 3.016056 a.m.u.;


m(𝑛10 ) = 1.008665 a.m.u.; m(𝐻𝑒23 ) = 3.016036 a.m.u.
5. Assuming that 200 MeV of energy is released per fission.
Calculate the energy released in Joules and also the heat produced
235
by complete disintegration of 10 mg of 𝑈92 .
6. Considering the average energy released per fission as 200 MeV,
235
determine the energy released by fission of 1.0 kg of 𝑈92 . Given
26
Avogadro number as 6.03 x 10 per kg atom.
7. On an average, 1 GW electric power is required to enlighten a
city. If a nuclear reactor of efficiency 30% is used for the same
235
purpose with 𝑈92 as a nuclear fuel, what amount of fuel would
be required per day. Consider the energy released per fission of
235
𝑈92 as 3.2 x 10-11 J.
235
8. In a nuclear reactor, the fission of 𝑈92 atom yields 200 MeV. If
energy of 3.7 kg uranium is
consumed in a day, find the power output of the reactor assuming
that the reactor is 20% efficient.
9. In a reaction, the energy is produced by the fusion of the three
helium nuclei to form a 𝐶612 nucleus. How much energy is
produced by each reaction? Consider the mass of helium atom,
electron and 𝐶612 as 4.00260 a.m.u., 0.00055 a.m.u. and 12.0000
a.m.u., respectively.
10. In an industry, the energy is produced using the fusion

reaction
If the efficiency of fusion reactor is 33%, calculate how much
deuterium will be consumed per day for production of 50 MW
energy. Consider mass of 𝐻12 and 𝐻𝑒24 as 2.01478 and 4.00388
a.m.u. respectively.
11. A cyclotron with Dee’s of diameter 1.8 m has a magnetic
field of 0.8 Tesla. Calculate the energy to which the doubly
ionised helium ion He++ can be accelerated. Also calculate the
number of revolutions the particle makes in attaining this energy.
Mass of He++ is 6.68 x 10–27 kg.
12. A cyclotron has an oscillator frequency of 12 x 106 Hz and
Dee radius of 21 inches. What is the value of magnetic induction
needed to accelerate deuteron in it?
13. Deuteron in a cyclotron describes a circle of radius 0.32 m
just before emerging out of the Dee’s. The frequency of the
applied e.m.f. is 10 MHz. Find the flux density of the magnetic
field and the velocity of the deuterons emerging out of the
cyclotron. Mass of deuteron is 3.32 x 10–27 kg and charge 1.6 x
10–19 C.
14. A GM counter collects 108 electrons per discharge when the
counting rate is 500 counts per
minutes. What will be the average current in the circuit?

You might also like