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Differential Equations

This document contains 9 problems involving Bessel functions and differential equations. The problems cover properties of Bessel functions like recurrence relations, integral representations, and orthogonal properties. They also involve solving differential equations using Bessel functions and finding eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. The answers provided solve for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for 9 differential equations involving Bessel functions.

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me21b002
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40 views3 pages

Differential Equations

This document contains 9 problems involving Bessel functions and differential equations. The problems cover properties of Bessel functions like recurrence relations, integral representations, and orthogonal properties. They also involve solving differential equations using Bessel functions and finding eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. The answers provided solve for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for 9 differential equations involving Bessel functions.

Uploaded by

me21b002
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MA2020 - Differential Equations

Assignment - 6

1. Show that, for integer values of n, J−n (x) = (−1)n Jn (x) and Jn (−x) = (−1)n Jn (x).

2. Show that
r
2
(i) J1/2 (x) = sin x
πx
r
2
(ii) J−1/2 (x) = cos x
πx
sin 2x
(iii) J1/2 (x)J−1/2 (x) =
πx
2 2 2
(iv) J1/2 (x) + J−1/2 (x) =
πx

Z 1  0, a 6= b,
(v) xJn (ax)Jn (bx)dx =
0  1 J 2 (a) = 1 J 2 (a) = 1 (J 0 (a))2 , a = b.
2 n+1 2 n−1 2 n

where, a and b are zeroes of Jn (x), n ≥ 0 is an integer.

Hint: Use the definition of Jν for (i)-(ii)

3. Solve each of the following, using the indicated transformation, in terms of Bessel
functions
√ 3
(a) y 00 + 4xy = 0, (y = 4 x, 43 x 2 = z).
(b) x2 y 00 + xy 0 + (4x2 − ν 2 )y = 0 (2x = z).
(c) x2 y 00 − 3xy 0 + 4(x4 − 3)y = 0, (y = x2 u, x2 = z)

4. Show that the general solution of y 00 + xy = 0 is

y = x1/2 [c1 J1/3 (2x3/2 /3) + c2 J−1/3 (2x3/2 /3)]

5. Show that

1
(i)J000 (x) = (J2 (x) − J0 (x))
2
1
(ii)J100 (x) = −J1 (x) + J2 (x)
x

1
6. Prove that, using the recurrence relations,

d  2  x  2 2

(i) Jn (x) = Jn−1 (x) − Jn+1 (x)
dx 2n  
d  2 2
 n 2 n+1 2
(ii) J (x) + Jn+1 (x) = 2 Jn (x) − Jn+1 (x)
dx n x x

7. Express J4 (x) in terms of J0 (x) and J1 (x)


2ν
Hint : Use the recurrence formula Jν+1 (x) = x ν
J (x) − Jν−1 (x)

8. Show that Z r
r
xJ0 (ax)dx = J1 (ar)
0 a
d
Hint: Use the recurrence formula dx
[xν Jν (x)] = xν Jν−1 (x)

9. Find all real eigenvalues and also find the corresponding eigenfunctions:

(a) y 00 + λy = 0, y(0) = 0, y 0 (π) = 0

(b) y 00 + λy = 0, y 0 (0) = 0, y(1) + y 0 (1) = 0

(c) y 00 + 2y 0 + (λ + 1)y = 0, y(0) = 0, y(π) = 0

(d) y 00 − y 0 + λy = 0, y(0) = y(L) = 0

(e) y 00 + λy = 0, y(−π) = y(π), y 0 (−π) = y 0 (π)

(f) x2 y 00 + xy 0 + λy = 0, y(1) = y(e) = 0

(g) x2 y 00 − xy 0 + (λ + 1)y = 0, y(1) = 0, y(e) = 0


λ
(h) ((x2 + 1)y 0 )0 + 2 y = 0, y(0) = 0 = y(1)
x +1

2
ANSWERS

2n+1 2 2n+1
 
Ans.9 (a) : λn = 2
; yn (x) = sin 2
x, n = 0, 1, 2, · · · .
(b): λn = kn2 , where kn is the positive root of the equation tan k = k1 ;
yn (x) = cos kn x, n = 1, 2, 3, · · · .
(c) : λn = n2 ; yn (x) = exp(−x) sin nx, n = 1, 2, 3, . . .
(2nπ)2 +L2
(d) : λn = 4L2
; yn = ex/2 sin(nπx/L), n = 1, 2, 3 · · ·
(e) : λn = n2 , n = 0, 1, 2, · · · ; yn = 1, {cos nx, sin nx}n=1,2,3,···
(f): λn = n2 π 2 ; yn = sin(nπ ln x), n = 1, 2, 3, · · ·
(g): λn = n2 π 2 , n = 1, 2, 3, · · · ; yn = x sin(nπ ln x), n = 1, 2, 3, · · ·
(h): λn = 16n2 ; yn = sin (4n tan−1 x) , n = 1, 2, 3, · · · .

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