Sneha Report
Sneha Report
I hereby declare that the work presented in this training report entitled
“Web Development”, submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Information
Technology, submitted to Panipat Institute of Engineering &
Technology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India is an
authentic record of my own work carried out during the period from From
July to 20 Aug under the guidance of Dr. Neeraj Gupta H.O.D of IT
Department.
The work reported in this project report has not been submitted by me for
the award of any other degree or diploma.
-Udemy
Acknowledgement
It is our proud privilege and duty to acknowledge the kind of help and
guidance received from several people in preparation of this report. It
would not have been possible to prepare this report in this form without
their valuable help, cooperation and guidance.
First and foremost, we wish to record our sincere gratitude to Prof Dr.
Neeraj Gupta for his constant support and encouragement in preparation
of this report.
Last but not the least, we wish to thank our parents for financing our
studies in this college as well as for constantly encouraging us to learn
engineering. Their personal sacrifice is gratefully appreciated.
Sneha Pandey
ABSTRACT
The main purpose of the study is to understand the very basics of web
designing and knowing the components of a web page. It deals with the
basic study of HTML (Hyper Text markup Language), CSS (Cascade Style
Sheets), SQL and PHP. In the latest trends Web Designing is the very
rapidly developing field in present market and has attracted many new
developers. The report covers DOM (Document Object Model) to use
HTML and embedding CSS style sheets to it. It also covers the usage of
SQL and PHP for event handling and making the website pages look more
attractive. In the future, Web Designing will be playing a more vital role as
Internet is being used for marketing, banking, examining, almost
everything.
List of Figures
Figure
Figure Name Page no.
1.1
Figure
1.2
Figure
1.3
Figure
2.1
Figure
2.2
List of Tables
Certificate ii
Acknowledgement iii
Abstract iv
List of Figures v
List of Tables vi
Project viii
CHAPTER 2 Introduction
1. HTML
a. Structure and Syntax.
b. HTML Tags.
2. CSS
a. Structure and Syntax.
b. CSS Usage and Properties.
3. SQL
a. Uses.
b. Features.
4. PHP
a. Intro.
b. History of PHP.
c. Features.
Chapter 1
History and Development
1. What is World Wide Web?
1.1 WHAT IS WORLD WIDE WEB?
o The World Wide Web (also called WWW, or W3, or simply the
Web) is an Internet-based global information system that
makes available multimedia information form over millions of
computers around the world.
o The Web is the second most popular Internet service next to
email, but it accesses a larger quantity and greater variety of
data than any other service in the Internet.
o The WWW is a network of interactive documents and the
software to access them.
o It provides more information than you could ever digest in a
lifetime, linked together in various ways, available for you to
browse whenever you want.
Chapter 2
INTRODUCTION
2.1 What is Web Designing
Web design is a broad term covering many different skills and
disciplines that are used in the production and maintenance of
websites. The different areas of web design include; web graphic
design, interface design, authoring; including standardised code
and proprietary software, user experience design and search
engine optimization. Often many individuals will work in teams
covering different aspects of the design process, although some
designers will cover them all. The term web design is normally
used to describe the design process relating to the front-end
(client side) design of a website including writing mark up, but this
is a grey area as this is also covered by web development. Web
designers are expected to have an awareness of usability and if
their role involves creating mark up then they are also expected to
be up to date with web accessibility guidelines.
CHAPTER 3
CREATING WEB PAGES
For creating Web Pages one need to know about some
tools and technologies to be used and they are:-
• Markup Languages o HTML, DHTML, XML,
etc....
• Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
• Scripting languages o javascript, php, etc....
• Web creation and editing software
o Notepad, FrontPage, WebPage Maker, Flash,
Dreamweaver, Adobe Photoshop, etc..
<html>
<head>
<title> The title of your html page </title>
</head>
<body>
<! - - your web page content and markup - ->
</body>
</html>
HTML Tags
HTML consists of Tags which define the type and property for the
document text to be used. Some common HTML Tags are: -
<A> </A> Anchor element to set Hyperlinks.
<B> </B> Content is shown as bold type
<TITLE> </TITLE> Title of document.
<BODY> </BODY> The body part of the HTML document.
<BR> Force line break within paragraph.
<CENTER> </CENTER> Content is centered on page (can include
paragraphs etc.).
<DIV> </DIV> A dummy element which contains block-level
elements. It is used with style sheets.
<EM> </EM> Emphasis: text usually displayed in italics
<FONT> </FONT> Used to define characteristics of font,
according to attributes e.g. SIZE, COLOR, FACE. SIZE sets size,
1-7 e.g. SIZE="5". COLOR sets colour of text e.g. <FONT
COLOR="#FF0000"> makes text red. FACE e.g. FACE="Times".
<HEAD> </HEAD> The head part of the HTML document. <H1>
</H1> <H2> </H2>...<H6> </H6> Headings (levels 1-6, i.e., H3 is
a subheading within a H2 subheading).
<I> </I> Italics.
<IMG> Image. Attributes: must have SRC and ALT. SRC gives
source file for image, e.g. SRC="picture.jpg". ALT gives brief
description e.g. ALT="Picture of UB"
<LI> </LI> List item. Used within an ordered (<OL>) or unordered
(<UL>) list <OL> </OL> Ordered list. Includes <LI> List Items, which
will be numbered automatically
<P> </P> Paragraph
<SPAN> </SPAN> A dummy element which contains in-line
content. It is used with style sheets.
<STRONG> </STRONG> Text is emphasised strongly - usually
appears in bold.
<SUB> </SUB> Subscript <SUP>
</SUP> Superscript
<TABLE> </TABLE> Table.
<TD> </TD> Table data cell.
<TH> </TH> Table header cell.
CSS
selector
{property: value}
selector =
element.class
Example:
#label:hover
{ bordercolor:
blue;
}
Inline:- When the properties and its values are define in the
HTML document itself.
Internal:- When the Style properties are defined in the header
using the style tags
External:- These are separate files with .css extension which
have the stylingcodes that can be linked in the HTML
document. The linking path is defined in the header of the
HTML document and the syntax for linking the CSS file is <link
href="path/to/file.css" rel="stylesheet">
INTRODUCTION TO PHP
WHAT IS PHP?
Features of PHP:
A PHP code:
File: hello.php
<html>
<body>
</body>
</html>
SQL
SQL is a relational database management system which has more
than 6 million installations. SQL stands for “My Structured Query
Language”. The program runs as a server providing multi-user
access to a number of database.
USES:
SQL is used in web applications and acts as a database component
of the LAMP software stack. Its popularity for use with web
applications is closely tied to the popularity of PHP, which is often
combined with SQL. Several high traffic websites (including Flickr,
Facebook, Wikipedia, Google, Nokia and Youtube) use SQL for
data storage and logging of user data.
FEATURES:
➢ A broad subset of ANSI SQL 99, as well as extension
➢ Cross-platform support.
➢ Stored procedures.
➢ Triggers.
➢ Cursors.
➢ Strict mode.
➢ Updatable views.