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Homework 5

The document discusses mathematical concepts related to sets and relations. It contains 4 exercises: 1. Defines the Cartesian product of sets R and N and a linear function f(x). 2. Proves that if (A × C) ∪ (B × D) is a subset of (A ∪ B) × (C ∪ D), then for any (x,y) in the left side, (x,y) must also be in the right side. 3. Proves that if A, B, C are nonempty sets, then A × (B ∩ C) is equal to (A × B) ∩ (A × C). 4

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36 views3 pages

Homework 5

The document discusses mathematical concepts related to sets and relations. It contains 4 exercises: 1. Defines the Cartesian product of sets R and N and a linear function f(x). 2. Proves that if (A × C) ∪ (B × D) is a subset of (A ∪ B) × (C ∪ D), then for any (x,y) in the left side, (x,y) must also be in the right side. 3. Proves that if A, B, C are nonempty sets, then A × (B ∩ C) is equal to (A × B) ∩ (A × C). 4

Uploaded by

honghagiang.forwork
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Ideas of Math

Ha Giang Hong
Nov 13th 2023

Exercise 1
R × N = {(a, b) | a ∈ R ∧ b ∈ N}
f (x) = ax + b

Figure 1: Graphical representation of R × N

Exercise 2
(1)
If ([0, 1] ∪ [1, 2]) × ([2, 3] ∪ [3, 4]) = ([0, 1] × [2, 3]) ∪ ([1, 2] × [3, 4]) then ([0, 1] ∪
[1, 2]) × ([2, 3] ∪ [3, 4]) ⊆ ([0, 1] × [2, 3]) ∪ ([1, 2] × [3, 4]) and ([0, 1] × [2, 3]) ∪
([1, 2] × [3, 4]) ⊆ ([0, 1] ∪ [1, 2]) × ([2, 3] ∪ [3, 4])
For (a, b) is an arbitrary of ([0, 1] ∪ [1, 2]) × ([2, 3] ∪ [3, 4]). Therefore, for
every (a, b) ∈ ([0, 1]∪[1, 2])×([2, 3]∪[3, 4]), (a, b) ∈ ([0, 1]×[2, 3])∪([1, 2]×[3, 4])
However, if (a, b) = (1.1, 2.9)
(1.1, 2.9) ∈ ([0, 1] ∪ [1, 2]) × ([2, 3] ∪ [3, 4]), but it is not ∈ ([0, 1] × [2, 3]) ∪
([1, 2]×[3, 4]) Therefore, ([0, 1]∪[1, 2])×([2, 3]∪[3, 4]) is not the same to ([0, 1]×
[2, 3]) ∪ ([1, 2] × [3, 4])
(2) (A × C) ∪ (B × D) ⊆ (A ∪ B) × (C ∪ D)
(3) Suppose (A × C) ∪ (B × D) ⊆ (A ∪ B) × (C ∪ D)
For (x, y) is arbitrary of (A × C) ∪ (B × D)
Therefore, (x, y) ∈ (A ∪ B) × (C ∪ D)
Proof (x, y) ∈ (A ∪ B) × (C ∪ D)
If (x, y) ∈ (A × C) ∪ (B × D)
=⇒ (x, y) ∈ (A × C) or (x, y) ∈ (B × D)
Case 1: (x, y) ∈ (A × C)

1
=⇒ x ∈ A, y ∈ C
=⇒ x ∈ A ∪ B, y ∈ C ∪ D
=⇒ (x, y) ∈ (A ∪ B) × (C ∪ D)
Case 2: (x, y) ∈ (B × D)
=⇒ x ∈ B, y ∈ D
=⇒ x ∈ B ∪ A, y ∈ D ∪ C
=⇒ (x, y) ∈ (A ∪ B) × (C ∪ D)
Therefore, (x, y) ∈ (A∪B)×(C∪D) =⇒ (A×C)∪(B×D) ⊆ (A∪B)×(C∪D)
Exercise 3
(1) If A × (B ∩ C) = (A × B) ∩ (A × C) where A, B, C and D are nonempty
sets.
Therefore A×(B∩C) ⊆ (A×B)∩(A×C) and (A×B)∩(A×C) ⊆ A×(B∩C)
Prove A × (B ∩ C) ⊆ (A × B) ∩ (A × C)
For (x, y) is arbitrary of A × (B ∩ C)
=⇒ x ∈ A , y ∈ (B ∩ C)
=⇒ x ∈ A, y ∈ B ∧ y ∈ C
=⇒ (x, y) ∈ (A × B) ∧ (x, y) ∈ (A × C)
=⇒ (x, y) ∈ (A × B) ∩ (A × C)
Prove (A × B) ∩ (A × C) ⊆ A × (B ∩ C)
For (a, b) ∈ (A × B) ∩ (A × C)
=⇒ x ∈ A. y ∈ B and x ∈ A, y ∈ C
=⇒ x ∈ A, y ∈ B ∧ y ∈ C
=⇒ (x, y) ∈ A × (B ∩ C)
=⇒ (A × B) ∩ (A × C) ⊆ A × (B ∩ C)
Therefore, A × (B ∩ C) = (A × B) ∩ (A × C)
(2) If (A × B) ∩ (C × D) = (A ∩ C) × (B ∩ D), where A, B, C and D are
nonempty sets.
Therefore, (A × B) ∩ (C × D) ⊆ (A ∩ C) × (B ∩ D) and (A ∩ C) × (B ∩ D) ⊆
(A × B) ∩ (C × D)
For (a, b) is an arbitrary of (A × B) ∩ (C × D)
=⇒ (a, b) ∈ (A × B) and (a, b) ∈ (C × D)
=⇒ a ∈ A, b ∈ B, a ∈ C and b ∈ D
=⇒ a ∈ A ∩ C and b ∈ B ∩ D
=⇒ (a, b) ∈ (A ∩ C) × (B ∩ D) (*)
=⇒ (A × B) ∩ (C × D) ⊆ (A ∩ C) × (B ∩ D)
For (a, b) ∈ (A ∩ C) × (B ∩ D).
=⇒ a ∈ (A ∩ C) and b ∈ (B ∩ D)
=⇒ a ∈ A , a ∈ C, b ∈ B, b ∈ D
=⇒ (a, b) ∈ A × B and (a, b) ∈ C × D.
=⇒ (a, b) ∈ (A × B) ∩ (C × D)
=⇒ (A ∩ C) × (B ∩ D) ⊆ (A × B) ∩ (C × D) (**)
From (*) and (**), (A × B) ∩ (C × D) = (A ∩ C) × (B ∩ D)
Exercise 4
(1) R = {(a, c), (c, c), (d, a), (d, b), (b, d)}
S = {(a, d), (a, b), (b, a), (b, d)}
=⇒ S ◦ R = {(d, d), (d, b), (d, a)}

2
(2)
A C

B D

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