Temperature Measuring Instruments

Instrument Illustration Definition Principle of Operation

 It is consisting of  When heated, the

two strips of two strips of
different metals, metals would then
referred to as expand at
bimetallic strips, different rates.
bonded together
and held at one  The change on the
Bimetal end. two strips of
different metals
Thermometer
 The bimetallic would cause a
strips are fixed at bending effect
one end and free which makes the
to move on the measurement of
other end. temperature
change possible
 Its typical range is
from -50°C to
600°C.

 It is used in  When one of the

measuring junction is heated,
temperature as it there would be a
is consisting of two continuous current
wires of different which would flows
metals joined at in the
each end, which is thermoelectric
Thermocouple termed as circuit.
Probe thermocouple.
 On that mentioned
 It has a wide range instance, voltage
of measuring from would be
-200°C to 1600°C, produced and
depending on the could be
kind of metals correlated with the
joined for the temperature.
thermocouple.

Carpio, Clarence A.
19 - 03922
  Thermopile  The thermopile
sensors is capable consists of many
of measuring thermocouple
temperature at a junctions and this
distance by is the reason why
detecting the the it has
infrared energy of sensitivity in a way
an object. that thermal
radiation can be
 Thermopile absorbed.
included for this
Thermopile Sensor is simply a group  This action would
of thermocouples then result to the
connected in increase of
series. temperature and
could be measured
 This connection is by the same
the reason it has principle as that of
greater a thermocouple,
sensitivity. It is whereas voltage
available in measured is
measurement correlated to the
ranging from - temperature and
40°C to 300°C. is noted.

 Thermistor is a  A thermistor works

resistance on a principle
thermometer, dependent on its
which is a resistor temperature
whose resistance coefficient. (There
is dependent on are thermistors
temperature. where electrical
Thermistors resistance sensed
 It has large goes up as
resistance change temperature
for a small increases. Another
temperature kind would be that
change which is when resistance
the reason why it goes down, the
has higher temperature
sensitivity. increases.)

Carpio, Clarence A.
19 - 03922
  They have  Thermistor are
extremely good nonlinear hence
accuracy, ranging when expose to
around 0.05°C to temperature
1.5°C working change, it will form
over a range of - a curve on a graph
100 to 325°C.
 The resistance of
the thermistor is
measured and
then related to
temperature
through the
calibration curve.

 A Resistance  Unlike for

Temperature thermistors, the
Detector (RTD) is principle with
included with a RTDs is that when
type of resistor temperature
with resistance increases, the
values which corresponding
varies with resistance does as
temperature well.
change and with a
Resistance specialized pure  It measures the
Temperature metal detector resistance of an
making it capable electrical wire,
Detector
of a wider which play the
(RTD)
temperature role of sensing
range. temperature.

 Its typical  The resistance

temperature is value measured
ranging 0.1°C to would then be
1°C, working over converted into
a range of -200°C temperature
to 650°C. based on the
characteristic of
the included
element.

Carpio, Clarence A.
19 - 03922
  An infrared  The optical
pyrometer is system focuses on
consisting of and the infrared
makes us of an radiation emitted
optical system by an object and
and detector. gets the sense of
it.
 It is capable of
Infrared making an  The detector, that
Pyrometers accurate non- is filtered at a
contact specific
temperature wavelength
measurement range, would then
ranging from - infer the
100°F to 10000°F. corresponding
temperature
value based on
the blackbody
radiation.

 Optical pyrometer  An optical

is a non-contact pyrometer works
pyrometer and is by comparing the
usually used in visible radiation
measuring high that is emitted
temperature of from a
furnaces, molten temperature
metals and other source to the
overheated visible radiation
Optical Pyrometer material or emitted from a
liquids. filament wire.

 The shape of a  When directed to

pyrometer is in a source, the
cylindrical, current supplied
containing the to the lamp would
eyepiece, filter, be adjusted until
lamp, absorption it “disappears”,
screen and the inferring that it is
lens. at the same
temperature
measured.

Carpio, Clarence A.
19 - 03922
  Its operating  The flow of
range typically current through
range from 700°C the lamp would
to 4000°C. then be the basis
of the
measurement.

 Going by its  A liquid-in-glass

name, a liquid-in- thermometer, in
glass which mercury is
thermometer enclosed on the
consists of a thin bottom of it,
glass tube having works with the
a liquid-filled principle of the
bulb on its one thermal expansion
end. of liquid.

 It is capable of  This type of

measuring instrument has a
temperature as linear scale
the liquid, which whereas when the
Liquid-in-glass is usually temperature
mercury, would increases, the
thermometers
seem to change liquid expands
corresponding to causing it to rise
the temperature. on the capillary
Its measuring glass tube.
capability
typically range  The temperature
from -80ºC to would then be
330ºC. noted depending
on the level of the
liquid and the
scale included
with the
thermometer
would be used as
basis.

Carpio, Clarence A.
19 - 03922
  A mercury-in-  In this
steel thermometer,
thermometer when the
consists of a steel temperature
bulb, steel rises, the
capillary tube mercury on the
and Bourdon steel bulb
tube. expands and
rises through the
 It is similar to the steel capillary
liquid-in-glass tube and then
thermometer into the initially
with just few coiled Bourdon
difference. tube.

 Instead of glass,  As temperature

steel is used and rises, the
since steel would Bourdon tube
not allow the would then have
Mercury-in-steel liquid to be increasing
visible, a amounts of
thermometers
Bourdon tube is mercury, causing
added so that it to have an
temperature increase in
could be pressure.
measured.
 One end of the
 It could be used Bourdon tube is
to measure fixed, and the
temperature one end
ranging from -40 uncoiling, due to
ºC to 600ºC. the increase in
pressure and
volume, would
show changes
corresponding to
the temperature
increase.

 The pointer
linked to it would
show the
temperature.

Carpio, Clarence A.
19 - 03922
Carpio, Clarence A.
19 - 03922