Analog Circuits (EE3002/EE5310) : Problem Set 10

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1 3
For the transistor shown, β = 99, and VBE is nominally 0.65 V. The signal picture of an amplifier is as shown.
Find the quiescent VCE , ri , ro and the incremental voltage gain.
Assume vi = (1 mV) sin ωt. All capacitors are infinite. R Ro
2

16 V Ri +
Rs A
4K
8K ro Rc Rl
+ vo
2K vi R1
-
4K -
vi
ri 8K 7.35K Figure 3: Circuit for problem 3.

Find Ri , Ro and vvoi in terms of gm , β and ro (the incremental

output resistance of the device). Find their limits when β → ∞.
The signal is small.
Figure 1: Figure for problem 1.

4
2
Assume in the figure shown that gm is high enough to make the
In the circuit shown, use α = 0.995, VT = 25 mV. The quiescent
incremental voltage gain vvoi independent of the device. Assume all
VCE must be 5 V and ri - the resistance presented by the circuit to
capacitors are large. Also assume that aR∥(1 − a)R ≪ (1 + β)R.
the driving source vi must be 1.5 K. Use VBE = 0.7 V nominally.
Take VEB = 0.7 V nominally; IE Re = 4.3 V. A gain of −4 is needed
Calculate Vcc , R1 & R2 to get a small signal gain of −200.
with the circuit being just capable of handling a maximum ampli-
tude of 2 V for the input sinusoid vi . Vee should be the minimum
possible for the specified IE RE . Calculate R1 , Re , Vee and a.
Next remove the external load of 12 K. What will the limiting
R1 5K ro swings possible for vo on either side now ? To what maximum am-
plitude will you have to restrict vs if vo is to be a full undistorted
+ sine wave ?
+ vo
5K
-
vi
R2
5K
- 5
ri
The input sine wave has vi = 2.5 V. To get an undistorted output
−Vcc within swing limits, calculate Vcc and R. Take VBE nominal =
Figure 2: Circuit for problem 2. 0.65 V. Also calculate Ri for small signals given that β = 100 and
VT = 25 mV.

1
 6
VBE = 0.65 V nominally. VT = 25 mV. For small signals, find Ri
and viso . Assume β = 250.

15.65 V
Ri
10K 5K
10K
(1 − a)R 8K +
4K is 10K vo 15K
-
R1 5.65K
+
vo 5K
+ 12K
vi aR -
Re
-

Figure 6: Circuit for problem 6.

Vee

Figure 4: Circuit for problem 4.

7
The capacitances are very large. vo , the output sinusoid, is to be
linked with the input sinusoid by a device independent gain factor
of 2, with a limiting amplitude of 8 V before clipping sets in. vo
should just begin to distort at both the extremes.

Vbb Vcc

Rb 8K

Vcc
+
9K +
R vo 8K
vi
RL
- Re -
Ri 9K
3K
+
vo 9K Figure 7: Circuit for problem 7.
+
vi sin(ωt) -
8K 3K
- Find Vcc , Vbb and Re . VBE is 0.7 V, nominally. Given that
Rb ≪ (β + 1)Re , comment on the stability of the transistor oper-
ating point - that is, compute the change in emitter current when
Figure 5: Circuit for problem 5. the nominal VBE changes by ±0.1 V due to device variability
and/or ambient temperature.

Now let RL → ∞. What are the limiting swings now pos-

sible for vo on the either side? To what value will you restrict the
amplitude of vi to get an undistorted sinusoidal output?

2
8 10
The transistor has very high β. With minimum possible Vbb and VBE = 0.65 V nominally. VT = 25 mV. Calculate Ri for small sig-
Vcc , the circuit should be able to handle the given input of 5 V nals. Also find the positive and negative limits for vo if it is to be
maximum amplitude. Calculate the values of Vbb and Vcc required. free from distortion. Take β = 200, Vcc = 15.65 V.

Vcc
23.3K 8K Vcc

+
10K 10K 11K
vi vo 12K
- +
+ -
vi 20K
1K
-
+
12K 12K 3K vo Figure 10: Circuit for problem 10.
-

Vbb
11
Figure 8: Circuit for problem 8.
The input vi is a sine wave with an amplitude of 3.75 V. To get an
undistorted output sine wave within swing limits, calculate Vcc and
When the 3 K lead is removed, determine the swing possible
R.
for vo on either side, and the maximum amplitude to which vi must
now be restricted if vo is to be a full undistorted sine wave. Take Ro
VBE = 0.7 V, nominally. Assume all capacitances are large. 2.5K
+
+
R 10K 12K
vi vo
-
9
−7 V Vcc
All the coupling capacitors are very large in value. Take VT =
25 mV, α = 0.99. Find for small signals Ri , Ro1 as seen from the Figure 11: Circuit for problem 11.
output terminal 1, Ro2 as seen from output terminal 2, vo1 /vi and
vo2 /vi . If VT = 25 mV, β = 200, ro = 40 K, Calculate Ro . Take VBE
= 0.65 V nominally.

11.3 V

5K
3K
Ro2
12
1K For very small signals, find vo /vi with the proper sign. Take VBE =
+ 0.65 V, nominally, VT = 30 mV, α = 0.995 for all transistors. Also
vo2 3K determine which transistor controls the upper limit of swing and
vi 2.5K
Ro1- which controls the lower one.
Ri
+
5K 5K vo1 5K
-

Figure 9: Circuit from problem 9.

3
 12.65 V

6K 7K 4K 6K 7K 4K 6K

5K
T1 T3 T5
+ 6K 6K 6K
vi
T2 T4
- + vo
6.65K 6K 6.65K 6K 6.65K 6K 5K
5.65K 5K 5.65K
vo
5K -

Figure 12: Circuit for problem 12.