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Integration by Parts

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joeh gwen faistinna
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14 views5 pages

Integration by Parts

Uploaded by

joeh gwen faistinna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTEGRATION BY PARTS

The formula used in integration by parts is as follows :

∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣𝑑𝑢
The list below shows the order in which we can choose 𝑢.
Choose 𝑢 to be the function that appears first in the following list.

I - Inverse trigonometric functions


L - Logarithmic functions
A - Algebraic functions
T - Trigonometric functions
E - Exponential functions

The method of integration by parts to solve related problem involving two functions.

Example :

Find ∫ 𝑥 𝑒𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Solution :

𝑢=𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢
=1 ∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 𝑣 = 𝑒𝑥

By using the formula ∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣𝑑𝑢


Substitute for 𝑢, 𝑣 and 𝑑𝑣 :
∫ 𝑥𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 = (𝑥)(𝑒 𝑥 ) − ∫(𝑒 𝑥 )(𝑑𝑥)
= 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐
= 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 − 1) + 𝑐

Example :
Find ∫ 2𝑥𝑙𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥

Solution :

𝑢 = 𝑙𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 1
= ∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 2𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
1 2𝑥 2
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 𝑣=
𝑥 2
𝑣 = 𝑥2
By using the formula ∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣𝑑𝑢
Substitute for 𝑢, 𝑣 and 𝑑𝑣 :
1
∫ 2𝑥𝑙𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = (𝑙𝑛𝑥)(𝑥 2 ) − ∫(𝑥 2 )( 𝑑𝑥)
𝑥
2
= 𝑥 𝑙𝑛𝑥 − ∫(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝑥2
= 𝑥 2 𝑙𝑛𝑥 − +𝑐
2
1
= 𝑥 2 (𝑙𝑛𝑥 − ) + 𝑐
2

Example :

Find ∫ 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑥

Solution :

𝑢=𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢
=1 ∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 𝑣 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

By using the formula ∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣𝑑𝑢


Substitute for 𝑢, 𝑣 and 𝑑𝑣 :
∫ 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑥 = (𝑥 )(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 ) − ∫(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 )(𝑑𝑥)
= 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − (−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 ) + 𝑐
= 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑐
Example :

Find ∫(3 − 4𝑥 )𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥

Solution :

𝑢 = 3 − 4𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢
= −4 ∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = −4𝑑𝑥 𝑣 = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

By using the formula ∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣𝑑𝑢


Substitute for 𝑢, 𝑣 and 𝑑𝑣 :

∫(3 − 4𝑥 )𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = (3 − 4𝑥 )(−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 ) − ∫(−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 )(−4𝑑𝑥)


= −(3 − 4𝑥 )(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 ) − ∫ 4(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 )(𝑑𝑥)
= −(3 − 4𝑥 )(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 ) − ∫ 4(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 )(𝑑𝑥)
= −(3 − 4𝑥 )(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 ) − 4𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐

Example :

Find ∫ 2𝑡 𝑒3𝑡 𝑑𝑡

Solution :

𝑢 = 2𝑡 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑒3𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑢
=2 ∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 𝑒3𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑑𝑡 𝑒3𝑡
𝑣=
3
By using the formula ∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣𝑑𝑢
Substitute for 𝑢, 𝑣 and 𝑑𝑣 :
3𝑡
3𝑡
𝑒 𝑒 3𝑡
∫ 2𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑡 = (2𝑡) ( ) − ∫ ( ) (2𝑑𝑡)
3 3
2𝑡𝑒 3𝑡 2
= − 3 ∫ 𝑒 3𝑡 𝑑𝑡
3
2𝑡𝑒 3𝑡 2 𝑒 3𝑡
= −3( )+𝑐
3 3
2𝑡𝑒 3𝑡 2𝑒 3𝑡
= − +𝑐
3 9
2𝑡𝑒 3𝑡 1
= (𝑡 − 3) + 𝑐
3

Example :

Find ∫ 𝑥3 𝑙𝑛3𝑥𝑑𝑥

Solution :

𝑢 = 𝑙𝑛3𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑥3 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 1
= (3) ∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 𝑥3 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 3𝑥
𝑑𝑢 1 𝑥4
= 𝑣=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 4
1
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑥

By using the formula ∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣𝑑𝑢


Substitute for 𝑢, 𝑣 and 𝑑𝑣 :
𝑥4 𝑥4 1
∫ 𝑥3 𝑙𝑛3𝑥𝑑𝑥 = (𝑙𝑛3𝑥 ) ( ) − ∫( ) ( 𝑑𝑥)
4 4 𝑥
𝑥4 1
= (𝑙𝑛3𝑥) − ∫ 𝑥3 𝑑𝑥
4 4
𝑥4 1 𝑥4
= (𝑙𝑛3𝑥 ) − ( ) + 𝑐
4 4 4
𝑥4 1
= (𝑙𝑛3𝑥 − 4) + 𝑐
4

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