Article On ''The Impact of Sustainable Tourism On Local Economies''.Mohiur Sunna

Article Title: "The Impact of Sustainable Tourism on Local Economies"
SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:
Name: Md. Mohiur Sunna Name: Dr. Md. Shamim Hossain

ID: 2010638105 Designation: Associate Professor
Session: 2019-20 Email: [email protected]
Contact No: 01315296374 Department of Management Studies
Email: [email protected] University of Rajshahi
Department of Tourism & Hospitality
Management
University of Rajshahi.
Introduction
Tourism is a booming global industry, contributing significantly to economic growth and

development in many regions around the world. However, the rapid growth of tourism can also
have negative impacts on local economies and the environment. Sustainable tourism has
emerged as a solution to mitigate these adverse effects while promoting economic prosperity for
local communities. In this article, we will explore the impact of sustainable tourism on local
economies, examining its benefits and challenges.
Definition of Sustainable Tourism
Sustainable tourism, often referred to as responsible or eco-tourism, is a concept that seeks to

minimize the negative impact of tourism on the environment and local communities while
maximizing the benefits. It encompasses various principles and practices that aim to balance
economic, social, and environmental concerns. Sustainable tourism focuses on preserving natural
resources, protecting cultural heritage, and ensuring the well-being of host communities.
Economic Benefits of Sustainable Tourism
Job Creation
One of the most significant economic benefits of sustainable tourism is job creation. When
tourism is managed sustainably, it generates employment opportunities for local residents.
Sustainable tourism businesses, such as eco-lodges, guided tours, and artisanal shops, often
prioritize hiring from the local community. This provides a source of income and livelihood for
people who might not have had access to such opportunities otherwise.
Diversification of Income Sources
Sustainable tourism helps diversify local economies, reducing their dependence on a single
industry or sector. This diversification makes communities more resilient to economic downturns
in other industries. For example, a town that relies solely on agriculture may face economic
hardships during droughts, but tourism can provide an additional source of income and stability.
Increased Revenue
Sustainable tourism can significantly boost local revenue streams. Visitors spend money on
accommodations, dining, entertainment, and souvenirs, injecting money directly into the local
economy. Moreover, sustainable tourism often attracts a higher-end, environmentally conscious
traveler who is willing to spend more on unique experiences and eco-friendly products.
Preservation of Cultural Heritage
Cultural heritage sites often draw tourists interested in history, art, and local traditions.
Sustainable tourism emphasizes the preservation of these cultural assets, which, in turn, can
generate revenue through entrance fees, guided tours, and cultural events. This revenue can be
reinvested in maintaining and restoring these heritage sites, ensuring their long-term viability.
Challenges of Sustainable Tourism
Balancing Economic Growth and Conservation
Balancing the economic benefits of tourism with environmental conservation can be challenging.
Some activities that generate high revenue, such as large-scale resorts, can harm natural
ecosystems and lead to overdevelopment. Striking the right balance requires careful planning and
regulation.
Over tourism
Over tourism occurs when destinations become over whelmed with visitors, leading to
overcrowding, environmental degradation, and strain on local infrastructure. Sustainable tourism
seeks to address this issue by promoting responsible travel and dispersing tourists to less-visited
areas. However, managing over tourism remains a complex challenge.
Community Engagement
Ensuring that local communities benefit from sustainable tourism can be challenging. In some
cases, large corporations or foreign investors dominate the industry, leaving local residents with
limited economic gains. Engaging local communities in the decision-making process and
encouraging them to participate in tourism-related businesses is essential to achieving
sustainable development.
Examples of Successful Sustainable Tourism Initiatives
Bhutan's Gross National Happiness
Bhutan is known for its unique approach to sustainable tourism, emphasizing Gross National
Happiness (GNH) over Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The Bhutanese government has
implemented policies that prioritize environmental conservation, cultural preservation, and
community well-being. Tourists are required to pay a daily fee, part of which goes towards
supporting local communities and conservation efforts.
Costa Rica's Ecotourism Model
Costa Rica has embraced ecotourism as a cornerstone of its tourism industry. The country's
abundant biodiversity and commitment to conservation have attracted nature enthusiasts from
around the world. The government has established national parks and protected areas while
promoting responsible tourism practices. As a result, Costa Rica has become a leading
destination for eco-conscious travelers.
Palau's Environmental Pledge
Palau, a small island nation in the Pacific, has taken a bold step to protect its marine
environment. In 2017, the government implemented the "Palau Pledge," a requirement for all
visitors to sign a pledge to respect the country's natural and cultural heritage. The initiative aims
to raise awareness about the importance of responsible tourism and environmental conservation.
Conclusion
Sustainable tourism holds the potential to be a powerful tool for promoting economic growth and
development in local communities while safeguarding the environment and cultural heritage. By
creating jobs, diversifying income sources, and preserving natural and cultural assets, sustainable
tourism can have a positive impact on local economies. However, it also comes with challenges,
such as finding the right balance between economic growth and conservation and addressing
issues like overtourism. To harness the full potential of sustainable tourism, it is essential to
engage local communities, implement responsible practices, and learn from successful models
like those of Bhutan, Costa Rica, and Palau. By doing so, we can ensure that tourism becomes a
force for good in local economies around the world, contributing to a more sustainable and
prosperous future.
References
1. Academic Journals:
a. Journal of Sustainable Tourism
b. Tourism Management
c. Journal of Travel Research
d. Current Issues in Tourism
2. Books:
a. "Tourism: Principles, Practices, Philosophies" by Charles R. Goeldner and J. R. Brent

Ritchie
b. "Sustainable Tourism: Theory and Practice" by David Weaver and Laura Lawton
c. "Tourism Management: An Introduction" by Stephen J. Page and Joanne Connell
d. "Tourism Economics and Policy" by Larry Dwyer, Peter Forsyth, and Wayne Dwyer
3. Reports and Publications:
a. World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) reports on sustainable tourism
b. Reports by Bangladesh Tourism Board or relevant government bodies
c. United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) progress reports

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Article Title: "The Impact of Sustainable Tourism on Local Economies"

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

Name: Md. Mohiur Sunna Name: Dr. Md. Shamim Hossain

Tourism is a booming global industry, contributing significantly to economic growth and

Definition of Sustainable Tourism

Sustainable tourism, often referred to as responsible or eco-tourism, is a concept that seeks to

Economic Benefits of Sustainable Tourism

Diversification of Income Sources

Preservation of Cultural Heritage

Challenges of Sustainable Tourism

Balancing Economic Growth and Conservation

Bhutan's Gross National Happiness

Costa Rica's Ecotourism Model

Palau's Environmental Pledge

a. Journal of Sustainable Tourism

c. Journal of Travel Research

d. Current Issues in Tourism

a. "Tourism: Principles, Practices, Philosophies" by Charles R. Goeldner and J. R. Brent

c. "Tourism Management: An Introduction" by Stephen J. Page and Joanne Connell

3. Reports and Publications:

a. World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) reports on sustainable tourism

b. Reports by Bangladesh Tourism Board or relevant government bodies

c. United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) progress reports

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