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Ex 2-1

This document provides an introduction to various networking devices. It discusses repeaters, hubs, bridges, switches, routers, gateways, sensors, and firewalls. Repeaters regenerate signals to extend network length. Hubs connect multiple wires but cannot filter data. Bridges operate at the data link layer and filter content. Switches have buffers and can boost performance. Routers route packets based on IP addresses. Gateways connect different networking models. Sensors measure physical conditions and send data. Firewalls monitor traffic and accept, block, or drop it based on security rules.

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Mayank
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56 views6 pages

Ex 2-1

This document provides an introduction to various networking devices. It discusses repeaters, hubs, bridges, switches, routers, gateways, sensors, and firewalls. Repeaters regenerate signals to extend network length. Hubs connect multiple wires but cannot filter data. Bridges operate at the data link layer and filter content. Switches have buffers and can boost performance. Routers route packets based on IP addresses. Gateways connect different networking models. Sensors measure physical conditions and send data. Firewalls monitor traffic and accept, block, or drop it based on security rules.

Uploaded by

Mayank
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experîment -9 DATE

PAGE

AIM:
Intvoduc tion to various Networ king Devices.
THEORY: :
Netwark devices, olso Knawn as nehkorkigg hardwave.
IOre physical devices Hhat allaa hardaae on aa campukex net
orhta Communicate and interact ith one anothex
Netuoxkin4 devicen
) Repeatex
) Hub to)
s)Bridge H)
4) Buitch
5) Routera.
Gateaay
)Brote. Bengozs
8) NIE hresall

DRepeatex
-A Yepeater operates at the physica layer. Tts fob is
regen erate he si¡nal over he game netoxkbefore He
signal becomes Aie too eak oY corYupted to extend the
Length to khich the sinal becomes too weak ox corup
Jbed to extend the length to ahich the sj¡nal can be
Eranemited aver he same netsark An împortant
lpofnt to be noted abaut rep eaters s that they not
the signal but also Yeg enerate i klhen
only ampiy
Hhesianal Obecomes we ak , Ahey kapy it bit by
5t and elate t at ts shar" tapoloa connectas
DATE

PAGE.

connectfng tollaung Hhe ariginal strengh Jt iais a


|2 -port device

-A hub is a baaically multi-port repectey Ahub


conne cts mulkiple kires comiîng fom dieferent branches,
for examples, the connectox stax kapalgay hich
Cannects different ehaions. Hubs canndt iltex daa, sa
data packets are sent ato all eonne ched devfces. In
ctheriaords the collsfon domaín of all hasts connected
haagh Hub remains ane. Aso, they do not have the
ntallae nce to ffad out the bestpath For data packets
which leads to fnefRciencies and iastage
ypes of Hub
Acie Hub - These arare the hubs that have
heir power Supply and can clean, baost and Yelay
the síanal along ith the netsork. It seryes both
Yepeateras well as a centexthese are
used to extend the Maximum dstance betkeen nades

-assive Hub ?- These are the hube hat callect+


airigg fram nodes and poersupply Fom the actfre hub
|iríng
these habs relas signals onbo the netkark ith out
nd booshng them
cleaning and andcant be used ke to
extend the distance betkeen nades
DATE.
PAGE.

-Intelaent Hab - H Norks like an ackie hub and


în clu cles vencte management aapabilifien thsy alao
pravide flexiable data ate to nehkaxk devices. T
also enables an admînistratox to manthox the tralltc
passíng Ahough the hab and to configure each port
in the hub

|3.Boidaei
-A bidge operates at the data Iink lauer A
baidge is repeater, sih odd on the fanchonalkty
by reading the MAC address
oF Filkeing Co Dtent destnaion.
laf the gourde and T is alsa ased for
ntercannechin o LANSyoonking on the same pratacal
|Tt hag a a single npat and sinae ouput pot hus making
+ a 2 part
poxt devi ce

Types of Bidses
Trangpavent: Baidges i: hese are the brid¡e in khich
4he statons are completely unoware of the boidge'sexfst -
ence ie. hether or not a baicge s addedor deleked
Arom the netork, reconßgurafan of the shations fs
annece.ssary -hese baidges Make use oF tho pracesses
i-e.
batdgeoraardiy and bidgen leanigg
DATE

PAGE

Source Routiog Baidges


Boisges Th these bides, Youhing cperahfan
ia pexfaYmed by the source shatiorn and the rome
3peclhes ahich Youte to follo the host can dfsbayey
the Hame by bu sendhg
3endíF a specid Frame called the dtscovexy
AraMe, hích spreoda hrauah the entie netkork usîng
possible paths to the desba ton.
43itch
-A guitch s aa Maliçart buidge aith a buffer and
a desjan that con boast ts etilensl alare numbex o
paxBs gly lese taaffic) and performance ARitch
is data link. kyer devic e.
ypes af Skitch

9 UnMansaed Skitches i- hese SKitehes have a simple


plug- ond - play design and do ndt offex aduanced configurakon
opona toey are sutable for amll nehsorks or fax dse.
oxpansíonto a largex nehaark -
2) Monsged susitches 3- these suikches affex advanced
cothigurahion ophfons
optons such
guch ag NLANs QoS and Ink.
Mare camplex networks
aagregahan. hy are suitable For lage
large
Ond allans foy cenbralízed
DATE
PAGE.

5. Routers - A_ routey ß& a devíce ike a suitch that


roates data packets based onHheir Ip addresses
the yautes is manlu a Netsoxk layex device
Roukexs notmals connect LANS and KANS and
have a
Jynamtcaly updatig routing 4ahlethe based on
which hey make de cisicns on data
pockets. ne routex diides the broadcast domaing
of hosts connected Ahraigh tt
66 hatex1qy - A galeNay, as the name gyagests. îsa
mau oxk.
passage to canne to ntkuazka that
upon diffexent networkfng madels- ney koxhone as
HAHA messener agents that take data mm ayalem,
intexpret tand oansfex to anathex sysBem
aYe also called pratacal canvextexs and can
aperate at any netsaxk lauex. Giteaye are aenerally
more complex han sitches or rauhexs A

alsocalled pratocal Canvertex.


gatexass
Sengorg - Sengors
SensorS aYe
aYe devíces that Can measure
1. canditions and gend data
physícal oY envíronmental
Intexnet there are diFexert
to the netkark ox the Eemberatureetc
Hypes of gensorS_, Such as
Bengors net%aks Can hae different arf aychitectuyen
clustexed, depending an the comm
Such layaned cooxdinaton amang
sricakanond he sengorS
DATE.
PAGE,

8. irexall
-A firenl is a nehaork secariy devíce,ethex
hardare oY Softyoxe - based.hich manitors al
and autanfna trafhic and based ana deined incoming
set af
securily Tules tt acegts, vaecks ar draps that

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