FUNDAMENTALS OF

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

5th Edition

Kenneth M. Leet, Chia-Ming Uang, Joel T. Lanning, and Anne M. Gilbert

SOLUTIONS MANUAL

CHAPTER 11:
ANALYSIS OF INDETERMINATE BEAMS AND
FRAMES BY THE MOMENT DISTRIBUTION

11-1
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 P11.1. Analyze each structure by moment 30 kips
distribution. Determine all reactions and draw w = 3.5 kips/ft
the shear and moment curves locating points of
inflection and labeling values of maximum shear
and moment in each span. Unless otherwise A B C
noted, EI is constant.
12ʹ 12ʹ 12ʹ

P11.1

Joint B Distribution Factors

I 4I 4
K AB = = DFAB =
20 80 9
I 5I 5
K BC = = DFBC =
16 80 9
9I
ΣK S¢ =
80

FEMS
PL 32 ´ 20
FEM AB =  = =  80 kip ⋅ ft
8 8
wL2 3(16)
2

FEM BC = = =  64 kip ⋅ ft
12 12

11-2
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 P11.2. Analyze each structure by moment P = 40 kN
distribution. Determine all reactions and draw 8m
w = 5 kN/m
the shear and moment curves locating points of
inflection and labeling values of maximum shear A B C
and moment in each span. Unless otherwise
I 1.2I
noted, EI is constant.
9m 12 m

P11.2

Distribution Factors
I 10 I 10
K AB = = DFBA =
9 90 19
1.2 I 9I 9
K BC = = DFBC =
12 90 19
19 I
ΣK =
90
Fixed end Moments (see Table 2) front overleaf
5 ( 9)
2
wL2
FEM BA = FEM AB =  = = 33.75 kN ⋅ m
12 12
5 (12) 40 (64 ) 4
2
wL2 PB 2 8
FEM BC =- - 2 =- - = -131.11 kN ⋅ m
(12)
2 2
12 L 12

wL2 PB 2 82 5 (12) 40 (8)16

2

FEMCB = + = + = 95.55 kN ⋅ m
(12)
2 2
12 L 12
Moment Distribution
A 10/19 B 9/10 C
‒33.75 +33.75 ‒131.11 +95.55 FEMʼS
+25.62 ← +51.24 +46.12 → 23.06 DEMʼS
‒8.13 84.99 84.99 118.61 End Moments (kN·m)

VAB = 13.96 kN VBC = 53.86 kN

VBA = 31.04 kN VCB = 46.14 kN

RB = VBA + VBC = 31.04 + 53.86

RB = 84.90 kN

11-3
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P11.3. Analyze each structure by moment 20 kips
9 kips/ft 9 kips/ft
distribution. Determine all reactions and draw
the shear and moment curves locating points of
D
inflection and labeling values of maximum shear A B C
and moment in each span. Unless otherwise
10ʹ 6ʹ 6ʹ 10ʹ
noted, EI is constant.
P11.3

wL2 -9 (10)
2

FEM AB = - = = -75 k ⋅ ft
12 12
FEM BA = 75 k ⋅ ft
PL 20 (12)
FEM BC = - =- = -30 k ⋅ ft
8 8
FEMCB = 30 k ⋅ ft
FEMCD = -75 k ⋅ ft
FEM DC = 75 k ⋅ ft
I I 3æ I ö
K AB = , K BC = , KCD = çç ÷÷
10 12 4 çè10 ø÷
K AB 5 6
DFBA = = , DFBC =
K AB + K BC 11 11
K BC 10 9
DFCB = = , DFCD =
K BC + KCD 19 19

Shear (kips)

Moment (k·ft)

Deflected Shape

11-4
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 P11.4. Analyze each structure by moment 6m
distribution. Determine all reactions and draw 50 kN 200 kN • m
the shear and moment curves locating points of
inflection and labeling values of maximum shear
and moment in each span. Unless otherwise A B C
noted, EI is constant.
9m 3m

P11.4

Pb 2 a 50(3)2 (6)
FEM AB = - 2
=- = -33.3 k ⋅ ft
L 92
Pba 2
FEM BA = 2 = 66.7 k ⋅ ft
L

Shear (kN)

Moment (kN·m)

Deflected Shape

11-5
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P11.5. Analyze each structure by moment 20 kips 20 kips
distribution. Determine all reactions and draw w = 3 kips/ft
the shear and moment curves locating points of
inflection and labeling values of maximum shear A D
B C
and moment in each span. Unless otherwise
noted, EI is constant.
10ʹ 20ʹ 3@10ʹ = 30ʹ

P11.5

3(20)
2
wL2
FEM BC = - =- = -100 k ⋅ ft
12 12
FEMCB = 100 k ⋅ ft
2 PL 2 (20)(30)
FEMCD = - =- = -133.33 k ⋅ ft
9 9
FEM DC = 133.33 k ⋅ ft

3æ I ö I
K BC = çç ÷÷ , KCD =
4 çè 20 ÷ø 30
9 8
DFCB = , DFCD =
17 17

Shear (kips)

Moment (k·ft)

Deflected Shape

11-6
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 P11.6. Analyze each structure by moment w = 6 kips/ft

distribution. Determine all reactions and draw B C

the shear and moment curves locating points of A
2I I
inflection and labeling values of maximum shear
24ʹ 18ʹ
and moment in each span. Unless otherwise
noted, EI is constant.
P11.6

wL2 6 ´ 24 2
FEM AB = -FEM BA = = = 288
12 12
3 æ 2I ö æ 3 ö 2I I 9I
K AB = çç ÷÷÷ = çç ÷÷÷ = =
4 èç L ø çè 4 ø 24 16 144
I 8I
K BC = =
18 144
17 I
ΣK S¢ =
144
9I
K AB 9
DFAB = = 144 =
ΣK S ¢ 17 I 17
144
8I
K BC 8
DFBC = = 144 =
ΣK S ¢ 17 I 17
144

+
AB ΣM A = 0 = 144 ´12 + 203.3 - VBA 24
VBA = 80.47k 
+
BC ΣM B = 0 = -203 -101.65 - VCB 18
VCB = 16.925k 

11-7
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 P11.7. Analyze each structure by moment 30 kips
4 kips/ft
distribution. Determine all reactions and draw
the shear and moment curves locating points of
inflection and labeling values of maximum shear A B C D
and moment in each span. Unless otherwise
9ʹ 6ʹ 6ʹ 9ʹ
noted, EI is constant.
P11.7

PL wL2
FEM BC = FEMCD = = 27
8 12
= 45
EI 4 EI 4
K AB = = DFBA =
9 36 7
EI 3EI 3
K BC = = DFBC =
12 36 7
7 EI
ΣK S¢ =
36
EI 1
K BC = DFBC =
12 2
3 EI 1
KCD = DFCD =
4 9 2
2 EI
ΣK S¢ =
12

11-8
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 P11.8. Analyze by moment distribution. Modify 5 kips 5 kips 5 kips 5 kips
stiffness as discussed in Section 11.5. E is 9ʹ 8ʹ 10ʹ 5ʹ 15ʹ 5ʹ
constant. Draw the shear and moment curves. B C
A
1.5I 1.5I 4I D

P11.8

FEM BA = 5(9) = 45 kip-ft

P (b 2 )a 5(10 2 )8
FEM BC = = = 12.35 kip-ft
L2 182
-P(b)a 2 5(10)82
FEMCB = = = -9.88 kip-ft
L2 182
P (b)a 2 P (b)a 2 5(20 2 )5 5(20)52
FEMCD = -FEM DC = + = + = 20 kip-ft
L2 L2 252 252

1 4
1.5I 1 4I 4
K BC = = , KCD = = DFCB 12
= 0.34, DFCB 25
= 0.66
18 12 25 25 1
12
+ 254 1
12
+ 254

5 kips 5 kips 5 kips 5 kips

5 ft
9 ft B 8 ft 10 ft C 15 ft D
A 1 0.34 0.66
5 ft

45 FEM 12.35 FEM -9.88 FEM 20 FEM -20 FEM

45 MBA -57.35 D
-28.68 C
6.31 D 12.25 D
3.16 C 6.13 C
-3.16 D
-1.58 C
0.54 D 1.04 D
0.27 C 0.52 C
-0.27 D
-45 MBC -33.3 MCB 33.3 MCD -13.4 MDC

By = 6.6 kips  Dy = -4.2 kips 

C y = -12.4 kips  M D = -13.4 kN 

11-9
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P11.8. Continued

5 kips 5 kips 5 kips 5 kips

5 kips 5 kips -45 kip-ft 6.6 kips 6.6 kips 33.3 kip-ft D y = 4.2 kips
B C

A B B C C D
45 kip-ft 1.6 kips 1.6 kips -33.3 kip-ft 5.8 kips 5.8 kips MD = -13.4 kip-ft

By = 6.6 kips Cy = 12.4kips

5 kips 5 kips 5 kips 5 kips

9 ft B 8 ft 10 ft C 5 ft 15 ft 5 ft
A
D

Shear
6.6
(kips) 4.2
1.6

-0.8
-5 -5.8

Moment
(kip-ft) 33.3
13.3
4.3

-7.7
-45 -32.2

11-10
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 P11.9. Analyze by moment distribution. Modify P = 16 kips P = 16 kips

stiffness as discussed in Section 11.5. E is w = 4 kips/ft

constant. Draw the shear and moment curves.
A D
B C

9ʹ 9ʹ 20ʹ 9ʹ 9ʹ

P11.9

Modify Stiffness

3 I I 5
K AB = = = DFAB = 5/8
4 18 24 120
1 I I 3
K BC = = = DFBC = 3/8
2 20 40 120
8
ΣK S¢ =
120

æ wL2 PL ö÷
FEM AB = -ççç + ÷÷
çè 12 8 ÷ø
4 (18) 16 (18)
2

= + = -144 kip ⋅ ft
12 8
4 (20)
2
wL2
-FEM BC = = = -133.33
12 12

11-11
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 P11.10. Analyze by moment distribution. 8 kips 12 kips 12 kips 8 kips
w = 2.4 kips/ft
Modify stiffness as discussed in Section 11.5. E
B C D E
is constant. Draw the shear and moment curves. A F

6ʹ 10ʹ 10ʹ 32ʹ 10ʹ 10ʹ 6ʹ

P11.10

Modified Stiffness 1
Consider Symmetry: Analyze structure
3 I 2
K BC = K DE =
4 (20)
1 I
KCD = K DC =
2 (32)
ΣK S = 0.053125 I

Distribution factors at joint C and D

KCB = 0.706
KCD = 0.294
PL
FEM BC = FEMCB = = 30 k ⋅ ft
8
2
wL
FEMCD = FEM DC = = 204.8¢¢
12

11-12
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 w = 2 kips/ft
P11.11. Analyze the frame in Figure P11.11 by
moment distribution. Determine all reactions
and draw the shear and moment curves locating B C
points of inflection and labeling values of
15ʹ
maximum shear and moment in each span.
Given: EI is constant. P = 30 kips
P = 30 kips

10ʹ 10ʹ
A D

30ʹ

P11.11

Consider Symmetry, No Joint Translation

Joint B Distribution Factors
I K BA 12
K BA = D ⋅ FBA = =
25 ΣK S¢ 17
1æ I ö K 5
K DC = çç ÷÷÷ D ⋅ FBC = BC =
2 èç 30 ø ΣK S¢ 17
17 I
ΣK S¢ =
300
Moment Distribution

Fixed end Moments

wL2 2 (30)
2

FEM BC = = = 150 k
12 12
Pab 2 30 (10)(15)
2

FEM AB = 2 = = -108k
( )
2
L 25
Pab 2 30 (15)(10)
2

FEM BA = 2 = = +72 k
(25)
2
L

Girder Leg AB (Leg CD Similar)

11-13
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 P11.12. Analyze the frame in Figure P11.12 by 400 kip • ft 400 kip • ft
moment distribution. Determine all reactions
and draw the shear and moment curves. Given:
EI is constant. B C

12ʹ

D
A
16ʹ
P11.12

3æ I ö 1æ I ö
K AB = çç ÷÷ , K BC = çç ÷÷
4 çè12 ÷ø 2 çè16 ÷ø

2 1
DFBA = , DFBC =
3 3

Shear (kips) Moment (k·ft)

11-14
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 P11.13. Analyze the reinforced concrete box in w = 0.50 kip/ft

Figure P11.13 by moment distribution. Modify A B

stiffnesses as discussed in Section 11.5. Draw
the shear and moment curves for the top slab
side
AB. Given: EI is constant. view 1ʹ 6ʹ 8ʹ
1ʹ

D C

w = 0.50 kip/ft

12ʺ 12ʹ
14ʹ

P11.13

Base analysis on £ dimensions. Since box symmetrical

about horiz and vertical £’s can adjust stiffness of all
sides by 12 & eliminate c.o.m.
wL2 0.50(13)2
FEM = = = 7.04 k ⋅ ft
12 12
I 1
K AB = ´ = 0.0385 I
13 2
I 1
K AD = ´ = 0.0714 I
7 2
ΣK S¢ = .1099 I
.0385 I
Distr. Factors AB = = 0.35
.1099 I
Distr. Factor AD = 0.65

11-15
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 P11.14. Analyze the frame in Figure P11.14 by w = 8 kN/m
C
the moment distribution method. Determine all A B

reactions and draw the moment and shear I I

curves. Given: E is constant. Fixed supports
at A and C.
2I 6m

4m 4m

P11.14

-wL2 -8(4)2
FEM BC = -FEMCB = = = -10.67 N-m
12 12
I 1 3 æ 2I ö 1
K AB = K BC = = , K BD = çç ÷÷÷ =
4 4 4 èç 6 ø 4
1
1
DFBA = DFBC = DFBD = 4
=
1
4
+ +
1
4
1
4
3
1.78 MAB 3.56 MBC -7.11 MBC 12.45 MCB
1.78 C 3.56 D 3.56 D 1.78 C
0 FEM 0 FEM -10.67 FEM 10.67 FEM
A B
1/3 1/3
C
0 FEM
1/3
3.56 D
3.56 MBD

M AB = 1.78 kN-m  M BA = 3.56 kN-m 

M BC = -7.11 kN-m  MCB = 12.45 kN-m 
M BD = 3.56 kN-m 
D

Ax = 0.3 kN-m ¬ C x = 0.3 kN ¬

Dx = 0.6 kN 
Ay = 1.3 kN  C y = 17.3 kN 
Dy = 16 kN 
M A = 1.78 kN-m  MC = 12.45 kN-m 

11-16
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P11.14. Continued

1.3 kN 8 kN/m
MA =1.78 kN-m 14.7 kN
3.56 kN-m -7.11 kN-m MC = 12.45 kN-m
B
Ax = 0.3 kN 0.3 kN 0.3 kN Cx = 0.3 kN-m
A 4m B B 16 m C
Ay = 1.3 kN 14.7 kN Cy = 17.3 kN
1.3 kN 0.6 kN 3.56 kN-m
16 kN
3.56kN-m
0.6 kN
B

10 m

E
Dx = 0.6 kN

Dy = 16 kN

14.7

-1.3

-17.3
-0.6

Shear
(kN)

6.3
1.78 -3.6

-3.6
-7.11
-12.45

Moment
(kN-m)

11-17
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 P11.15. The cross section of the rectangular ring 10 kips 10 kips
in Figure P11.15 is 12 in. × 8 in. Draw the
moment and shear curves for the ring;
2
E = 3000 kips/in. . B C
8ʺ
6ʹ 8ʺ 8ʺ
8ʺ
A D

4 kips/ft 4 kips/ft
3ʹ 3ʹ
10 kips 10 kips
12ʹ

P11.15

I 1æ I ö 4 1
K AB = , K BC = çç ÷÷÷ , DFBA = , DFBC =
6 2 çè12 ø 5 5
FEM BC = -22.5k⋅ft (by superposition)
FEMCB = 22.5k⋅ft
wL2 4(6)2
FEM AB = - =- = -7.2 k⋅ft
20 20
wL2 4(6)2
FEM BA = =- = 4.8k⋅ft
30 30

11-18
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 P11.16. Analyze the frame in Figure P11.16 by w = 3 kips/ft
moment distribution. Determine all reactions
and draw the shear and moment curves locating A
points of inflection and labeling values of 3I B C
maximum shear and moment in each span. E is
constant, but I varies as indicated below. 12ʹ I

21ʹ 12ʹ
P11.16

D.F .
3 3 I 3I 9 I 9
K AB = = =
4 21 28 84 16
I I 7I 7
K BD = = =
12 12 84 16
16 I
ΣK S¢ =
84

wL2 3(21)2
FEM AB = =
12 12
= 110.25 kip ⋅ ft

M BC = 36 ´ 6 = -216 kip ⋅ ft

+
ΣM D = 0 = 22.15 + 11.075 - VCD1/2
VCD = 2.77 kips

11-19
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 P11.17. Analyze the frame in Figure P11.17 by 20 kips 20 kips

moment distribution. Determine all reactions B C D

and draw the shear and moment curves locating A
points of inflection and labeling values of
12ʹ
maximum shear and moment in each span.
Given: EI is constant. E F
9ʹ 9ʹ 12ʹ 9ʹ 9ʹ

P11.17

Half Structure: Due to symmetric structure & symmetric loads; evaluate

ΣM = +50.5 -16.88 half structure: θ£ betw BC = 0
DEM -16.88 -16.88 Joint B Distribution Factors
3 EI 3EI DFBA = 0.25
K BA = =
4 18¢ 72
1 EI 3EI DFBC = 0.25
KB£ = =
2 12 ¢ 72
EI 6 EI DFBE = 0.50
K BE = =
12 ¢ 72
12 EI 1.0
ΣK AB =
72
PL 20 k (18¢)
Segment “AB”: FEM AB, BA =  = = 45ft⋅k
8 8
Segment “BC”:


+ 
ΣM A = 0; +
ΣMC = 0;
+ 50.5ft⋅k + 20 k (9 ¢) - VBA (18¢) = 0
-16.88 + 16.88 - VCB (12 ¢) = 0
VBA = 12.8k  VCB = VBC = 0
+  ΣFy = 0;
VAB - 20 k + 12.8k = 0
VAB = 7.2 k 

11-20
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P11.17. Continued

Joint “B”:

Segment “BE”:

+
ΣM E = 0;
-33.751⋅k -16.88ft⋅k + VBE (12 ¢) = 0
VBE = 4.2 k 

11-21
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 P11.18. Analyze the frame in Figure P11.18 by w = 2 kips/ft
F
moment distribution. Determine all reactions
8 kips
and draw the shear and moment curves locating w = 3 kips/ft I 9ʹ
points of inflection and labeling values of A
maximum shear and moment in each span. E is 2I B 2I C I D
constant, but I varies as noted.
I 10ʹ

16ʹ 16ʹ 6ʹ

P11.18

-wL2 -3(16)2
FEM AB = FEM BC = -FEM BA = -FEMCB = = = -64 kip-ft
12 12
FEMCD = -8(6) - 2(6)(3) = -84 kip-ft
2I 1 I 1 3æIö 1
K AB = K BC = = , K BE = = , KCF = çç ÷÷÷ =
16 8 10 10 4 çè 9 ø 12

1 1
5 2
DFBA = DFBC = 8
= , DFBE = 10
=
+ +
1
8
1
8
1
10
14 1
8
+ +1
8
1
10
7
1 1
3 2
DFCB = 8
= , DFCF = 1 12 1 =
1
8
+ 121 5 8
+ 12 5

75.5 MCB F
-59.9 MBC 0.04 D
-0.12 D -0.06 C 8.5 MCF
-65.1 MAB 61.7 MBA 0.33 C 0.66 D 0.02 D
-0.06 C -0.12 D -2.14 D -1.07 C 0.44 D
-1.07 C -2.14 D 6 C 12 D 8 D
2/5
-64 FEM 64 FEM -64 FEM 64 FEM 0 FEM
A B
5/14 5/14 3/5
C -84 FEM D
0 FEM
2/7 -84 MCD
-1.7 D
-0.1 D
-1.8 MBE

0 FEM
E
-0.85 C
-0.05 C
-0.9 MEB

11-22
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P11.18. Continued

45 kips = Fy
0.9 kips = Fx
F

9 ft

C
0.9 kips
8.5 kip-ft 0.9 kips
45 kips 8 kips
8.5 kip-ft
3 kips/ft 3 kips/ft 2 kips/ft
MA =-65.1 kip-ft 23.8 kips 23 kips 0.9 kips
61.7 kip-ft -59.9 kip-ft 75.5 kip-ft
B
Ax = 1.2 kips 1.2 kips 0.9 kips 0.9 kips
A 16 ft B B 16 ft C C C 6 ft D
-84 kip-ft
Ay = 24.2 kips 23 kips 25 kips 25 kips 20 kips 20 kips
23.8 kips 0.3 kips -1.8 kip-ft
46.8 kips 0.3 kips
-1.8 kip-ft 23 kips
0.9 kips
0.3 kips
B

10 ft

E
0.3 kips = Ex
ME = -0.9 kip-ft
46.8 kips = Ey

M AB = -65.1 kip-ft  M BA = 61.7 kip-ft 

Ax = 1.2 kips  E x = 0.3 kips ¬
M BC = -59.9 kip-ft  MCB = 75.5 kip-ft  Fx = 0.9 kips ¬
Ay = 24.2 kips  E y = 46.8 kips 
M BE = -1.8 kip-ft  M EB = -0.9 kip-ft  Fy = 45 kips 
M A = -65.1 kip-ft  M E = -0.9 kip-ft 
MCF = 8.5 kip-ft  MCD = -84 kip-ft 

F F
-0.9
8.07 ft 7.67 ft 3.41 ft 9.31 ft 3.33 ft 8.67 ft

24.2 23 32.6 28
20 8
A B A 1.8 B
C D 1.8 C D
-23.8 -61.7
-25 -65.1 -59.9 75.5
-84
0.3 0.3
Shear
(kips) Moment 3 ft
E (kip-ft) E -0.9

11-23
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P11.19. Analyze the frame in Figure P11.19 by 10ʹ 10ʹ

moment distribution. Determine all reactions 20 kips

and draw the shear and moment curves. Given:
EI is constant. B C

12ʹ

A D

P11.19

PL 20(20)
FEM BC = - =- = -50 k ⋅ ft
8 8
FEMCB = 50 k ⋅ ft
I 1æ I ö
K AB = , K BC = K AD = çç ÷÷
12 2 çè 20 ÷ø
10 3
DFBA = , DFBC =
13 13

11-24
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 P11.20. Analyze the frame in Figure P11.20 by w = 3 kips/ft

the moment distribution method. Determine all E

B
reactions and draw the shear and moment 1.5I C 1.5I D 1.5I
curves. E is constant, but I varies as noted. I I I I
20ʹ

A H G F
30ʹ 30ʹ 30ʹ

P11.20

Symmetric structure with summetric loads;

evaluate half the structure: θ£ C - D = 0

Joint “B”: Distribution Factors

EI
K BA = DFBA = 0.5
20 ¢
1.5 EI
K BC = DFBC = 0.5
30 ¢
ΣK @ B = 0.1 EI 1.0

Joint “C”
1.5 EI
KCB = DFCB = 0.40
30 ¢
EI
KCH = DFCH = 0.40
20 ¢
1 æ1.5 EI ö÷
KCD = çç ÷ DFCD = 0.20
2 çè 30 ÷ø
ΣK @ C = 0.125 EI 1.0
wL2 3k / ft (30)2
FEM = = = 225ft⋅k
12 12

11-25
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P11.20. Continued

Segment “BC”:


+
ΣM B = 0;
(30 ¢)2
-118.4 + 3k/ft - VCB (30 ¢) + 260.5 = 0
2
VCB = 49.74 k 
+  ΣFy = 0;
- 3k/ft (30 ¢) + 49.74 + VBC = 0
VBC = 40.26 k 

Segment “AB”:

+
ΣM A = 0;
- VBA (20 ¢) + 118.4 + 59.2 = 0
VBA = 8.88k ¬
VAB = 8.88  = Ax

11-26
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P11.20. Continued

Segment “CD”:


+
ΣMC = 0;
3(30)2
- 236.8 + 236.8 + - VDC (30) = 0
2
VDC = 45k 
+  ΣFy = 0;
VCD + 45 - 3k/ft (30 ¢) = 0
VCD = 45k 

Segment “CH”:


+
ΣM H = 0;
- 23.7 -11.8 + VCH (20 ¢) = 0
VCH = 1.775k 
VHC = 1.775 ¬ Hx

Joint “B”:
+  ΣFy = 0;
FBA = 40.26 
Ay = 40.26 

Joint “C”:
+ ΣFy = 0; FCH = 94.7k
H y = 94.7k

11-27
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 P11.21. Analyze the beam in Figure P11.21 by 50 kN
the moment distribution method. Determine all
reactions and draw the moment and shear curves
E
for beam ABCDE; EI is constant.
4m
A B C D

3m 3m 6m
P11.21

PL M 50(6) 150 PL M
FEM AC = - + =- + = 0, FEMCA = + = 75 kN ⋅ m
8 4 8 4 8 4

Moment (kN·m)
Shear (kN)

11-28
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 P11.22. Analyze the beam in Figure P11.22. In P = 16 kips
addition to the 16-kip load, support A also 0.001 rad
A B
rotates clockwise by 0.001 rad and support B
C
settles 12 in. Determine the reactions and draw 1/2ʺ
the shear and moment curves for the beam.
2 4
Given: E = 30,000 kips/in. and I = 600 in. .
24ʹ 8ʹ
P11.22

4 EI 6 EI 4(30,000)(600) 6(30,000)(600)
FEM AB = (θ ) - (Δ) = (0.001) - (0.5) = -33.4 kip-ft
L L2 12 (24(12)) 12 (24(12))
2
2 EI 6 EI 2(30,000)(600) 6(30,000)(600)
FEM BA = (θ ) - (Δ) = (0.001) - (0.5) = -43.8 kip-ft
L L2 12 ( 24(12) ) 12 (24(12))
2
FEM BC = -16(8) = -128

0.001 rad 16 kips

Ay = 7.5 kips 
0.5 in.
M A = 52.5 kip-ft 
1
By = 23.5 kips  0

-33.4 FEM -43.8 FEM -128 FEM

171.8 D
85.9 C
52.5 MAB 128 MBA -128 MBC

16 kips
7.5 kips 7.5 kips -128 kip-ft
MA = 52.5 kip-ft
24 ft C 8 ft
B C
128 kip-ft 16 kips 16 kips
Ay = 7.5 kips
By = 23.5 kips

16
Shear
(kips)
-7.5

52.5
Moment
(kip-ft)

-128

11-29
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 P11.23. If support A in Figure P11.23 is 0.016 rad
constructed 0.48 in. too low and the support at C
is accidentally constructed at a slope of 0.016 B I = 300 in.4 C

rad clockwise from a vertical axis through C,

determine the moment and reactions created 12ʹ I = 75 in.4
when the structure is connected to its supports.
2
Given: E = 29,000 kips/in. . A
0.48ʺ

24ʹ

P11.23

6 EI Δ 2 EIα
FEM BC = +
L2 L
6(29000)(300)(0.48) 2(29000)(300)(0.016)
= +
(24 ´12)2 24 ´12
= 1268.8 kip-in = +105.7 kip ⋅ ft
6 EI Δ 4 EIα
FEMCB = 2 +
L L
6(29000)(300)(0.48) 4(29000)(300)(0.016)
= +
(24 ´12)2 24 ´12
= 2235.4 kip-in = +186.3 kip ⋅ ft
I 75 1
K AB = = , DFAB =
12 12 3
I 300 2
K BC = = , DFBC =
24 24 3

Reactions & Moment Diagram

11-30
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 P11.24. Analyze the frame in Figure P11.24 by 5ʹ 5ʹ 10ʹ

moment distribution. Determine all reactions 20 kips w = 2 kips/ft

and draw the shear and moment curves. Given:
B
EI is constant. C D

10ʹ

A E

P11.24

PL 20(10)
FEM BC = - =- = -25 k ⋅ ft, FEMCB = 25 k ⋅ ft
8 8
2 2
wL 2(10)
FEMCD = - =- = -16.67 k ⋅ ft, FEM DC = 16.67 k ⋅ ft,
12 12
I 1
K AB = K BC = , DFBA = DFBC =
10 2
I 1
K BC = KCD = KCE = , DFCB = DFCD = DFCE =
10 3

11-31
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 P11.25. Due to a construction error, the support 2 kips/ft
at D has been constructed 0.6 in. to the left of
column BD. Using moment distribution, C
A B
determine the reactions that are created when
the frame is connected to the support and the 12ʹ
uniform load is applied to member BC. Draw
the shear and moment curves and sketch the 0.6ʺ
2
deflected shape. E = 29,000 kips/in. and D
4
I = 240 in. for all members.
18ʹ 12ʹ

P11.25

I = 240 in4, E = 29,000 kips/in2

wL2 2(2)2
FEM BC = - = = -24 kip ⋅ ft
12 12
FEMCB = 24 kip ⋅ ft
6 EIΔ 6(29,000)240(0.6)
FEM BD = - 2 = -
L (12 ´12)2
= -1208 in ⋅ kip = -101 ft ⋅ k
D.F.
I 240
K AB = = = 13.33 = .308
L 18
3 I 3 (240)
K BC = = = 15.0 = .396
4 L 4 12
3 I 3 (240)
K BC = = = 15.00 = .396
4 L 4 12
43.33 = ΣK S¢

Free Bodies

+
ΣM B = 0 = 6.06 + 24 ´6 - RCy 12
RCy = 150.06 kips
VBC = 24 -12.51 = 11.495k

11-32
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P11.25. Continued

Axial Load in girders depends on Axial Stiffess.

Inversely Proportional to L
FL
ΔL =
AE
AE Girder ABC
F= (ΔL )
L
FAB 12
=
FBC 18
12
\ FAB = FBC
18
FAB + FBC = 1.71
2
F + FBC = 1.71
3 BC
FBC = 1.02 kips
FAB = .69 Column BD
Reactions

11-33
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 P11.26. What moments are created in the frame A B C

in Figure P11.26 by a temperature change of

I = 600 in.4 I = 600 in.4
+80°F in girder ABC? The coefficient of
−6
temperature expansion αt = 6.6 × 10 (in./in.)/°F 15ʹ
2 I = 200 in.4
and E = 29,000 kips/in. .
D

15ʹ 20ʹ

P11.26

Analysis for temperature forces. Frame is clamped in deflected position.

3 æ 600 ÷ö
K AB = çç ÷ = 40 D.F . AB = 0.48
4 çè 15 ÷ø
3 æ 600 ö÷
K BC = çç ÷ = 30 D.F .BC = 0.36
4 èç 20 ÷ø
3 æ 200 ö÷
K BD = çç ÷ = 13.33 D.F .BD = 0.16
4 èç 15 ø÷
ΣK S¢ = 83.33
ΔLTNT = αT ( L )ΔT = 6.6(10-6 )(15¢ + 20 ¢)12%(80 ¢) = 0.2218¢¢
Δ 6(29,000)(200)(ΔL AB )
FEM DB = 6 EI 2 = = 8.5ft⋅k
L (15 ´12%)(12)
Where
ΔL AB = 6.6(10-6 )(15´12%)(80) = 0.09504 ¢¢

11-34
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 B C D
P11.27. Determine the reactions and the 30 kips
moments induced in the members of the frame I I
in Figure P11.27. Also determine the horizontal I 1.5I I 12ʹ
4
displacement of joint B. Given: I = 1500 in. and
2
E = 3000 kips/in. .
A F E
16ʹ 16ʹ

P11.27

-6 EI -6(3000)1500 æç 1 ö÷
FEM AB = FEM BA = FEMED = FEM DE = (1) = ç ÷ = -108.5 kip-ft
(12(12)) çè12 ÷ø
2 2
L
-6 EI -6(3000)2250 æç 1 ö÷
FEMCF = FEMFC = (1) = ç ÷ = -162.8 kip-ft
L2 (12(12)) çè12 ÷ø
2

I I 1.5 I I
K AB = K DE = , K BC = KCD = , KCF = =
12 16 12 8

1 1
4 3
DFBA = DFDE = 12
= , DFBC = DFDC = 16
=
1
12
+ 1
16
7 1
12
+ 161
7
1 1
1 1
DFCB = DFCD = 12
= , DFCF = 1 12
=
1
12
+ + 18 1
16
4 12
+ + 1
1
16
8
2

50.8 MBC 55.3 MBC

… … … …
S
1.6 D 0.8 C
-6.2 C x2 -6.2 D
1 in.
29.1 D 14.5 C
46.5 C x2 46.5 D
0 FEM 0 FEM
S B C D
3/7 1/4 1/4 3/7

-162.8 FEM -108.5 FEM

4/7 1/2 58.2 D 4/7 62 D
3.1 D -8.3 D
(Symmetric) 0.2 D -0.5 D
-101.3 MBA 73.3 MBA

-162.8 FEM -108.5 FEM

A F 29.1 C E 31 C
1.6 C -4.2 C
0.1 C -0.25 C
-132.0 MBA -82.0 MBA

11-35
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P11.27. Continued

6.6 kips 6.6 kips

-50.8 kip-ft C 50.8 kip-ft
30.8 kips 11.4 kips

19.4 kips -101.3 kip-ft

B 16 ft C 16 ft D
S = 42.2 kips

11.4 kips 19.4 kips 11.4 kips

-55.3 kip-ft -55.3 kip-ft
6.6 kips 6.6 kips
-101.3 kip-ft
-55.3 kip-ft -55.3 kip-ft
B 11.4 kips C 19.4 kips D 11.4 kips

12 ft 12 ft 12 ft

A F E
Ax = 11.4 kips Fx = 19.4 kips Ex = 11.4 kips
MA = -82 kip-ft MF = -132 kip-ft ME = -82 kip-ft
Ay = 6.6 kips Ey = 6.6 kips

Scale by: 30/42.2 = 0.711

4.7 kips 4.7 kips
-36 kip-ft C 36 kip-ft
21.9 kips 8.1 kips

13.8 kips -72.0 kip-ft

B 16 ft C 16 ft D
30 kips

8.1 kips 13.8 kips 8.1 kips

-39.3 kip-ft -39.3 kip-ft
4.7 kips -72.0 kip-ft 4.7 kips
-39.3 kip-ft -39.3 kip-ft
B 8.1 kips C 13.8 kips D 8.1 kips

12 ft 12 ft 12 ft

A F E
Ax = 11.4 kips Fx = 13.8 kips Ex = 8.1 kips
ME = -58.3 kip-ft
MA = -58.3 kip-ft MF = -93.8 kip-ft
Ay = 4.7 kips Ey = 4.7 kips

11-36
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P11.27. Continued

Summary of the final member end moments and reactions.

M AB = M ED = -82(0.711) = M AB = M ED = -58.3 kip-ft 

M BA = M DE = -55.3(0.711) = M BA = M DE = -39.3 kip-ft 
M BC = M DC = 55.3(0.711) = M BC = M DC = 39.3 kip-ft 
MCB = -MCD = -50.8(0.711) = MCB = -MCD = -36.3 kip-ft 
MCF = -101.3(0.711) = MCF = -72 kip-ft 
Ax = E x = -11.4(0.711) = Ax = E x = -8.1 kips ¬
Ay = -E y = -11.4(0.711) = Ay = -E y = -4.7 kips 
Fx = -19.4(0.711) = Fx = -13.8 kips ¬

Horizontal deflection is given by the ratio of applied load to S from an imposed unit sidesway.

30
Δ HC = = 0.711 in.
42.2

11-37
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 6 kips 6 kips
P11.28. Analyze the structure in Figure P11.28
by moment distribution. Draw the shear and B C
moment curves. Sketch the deflected shape. 3 kips
I = 240 in.4
Also compute the horizontal displacement of
2
joint B. E is constant and equals 30,000 kips/in. . 12ʹ I = 120 in.4

I = 150 in.4 18ʹ

3@8ʹ = 24ʹ

P11.28

Distribution Factors
Joint B D.F.
3 I 3 (120) 7.5
K AB = = = 7.5 = 0.43
4 L 4 12 17.5
240 10 10 0.57
K BC = = =
24 ΣK S¢ = 17.5 17.5 1.00

Joint C D.F.
240 10
K BC = = 10 = 0.55
24 18.33
150 8.33 8.33
2 PL 2 ´6 ´ 24 KCD = = = 0.45
FEM BC =  = = 32 kip ⋅ ft 18 ΣK S¢ = 18.33 18.33
9 9

Case A: No Sidesway

Reactions: Case A

11-38
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P11.28. Continued
Compute Shears & Force R1

R1 = 3 + 1.58 -1.67 = 2.91k

+
ΣM B = 0 = 6 ´8 + 6 ´16 - VCB 24 + 20.86 -19
VCB = 6.04 k
VBC = 5.96 k
+
ΣM A = 0 = 19 - VBA 12
VBA = 1.58

+
ΣM D = 0 = -20.06 -10.03 + VCD 18
VCD = 1.67 kips

Introduce A 1″ Displ. of Girder Case B: Sidesuiay

2 EI 1¢¢
FEM AB = (-3Ψ) where Ψ =
L L
2 E120 æç 1 ö÷
FEM AB = FEM BA = çç-3´ ÷
12 ´12 è 12 ´12 ÷ø
= -1041.67ft⋅k
= -86.80 kip.ft
2 E150 æç 1 ö÷
FEMCD = FEM DC = çç-3´ ÷
18´12 è 18´12 ÷ø
= -578.70 kip ⋅ in
= -48.22 kip ⋅ ft

11-39
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P11.28. Continued

Case B

To Account for Force of 2.91k,

2.91
Multiply Case BX = 0.458 Round to 0.46
6.34

Final Results

Deflected Shape

11-40
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No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
 P11.29. Analyze the frame in Figure P11.29 by w = 4 kips/ft

moment distribution. Draw the shear and

moment curves. Sketch the deflected shape. E is B C
2 4
constant and equals 30,000 kips/in. . I = 300 in. P = 2.4 kips 16ʹ
EI = constant
for all members. 8ʹ
A D

20ʹ

P11.29

Case A: Sidesway Prevented Case B: Sidesway Correction

PL 2.4(16) Case A: Sidesway Prevented Compute Holding Force S @

FEM AB = = = 4.81⋅k
8 8 Joint B. S = 0.97k
wL2 4(20)2
FEM BC = = = 133.331⋅k
12 12
I 5I
K AB = = D.F . = 0.556
16 80
I 4I
K BC = =
20 80 D.F . = 0.444
9I 1.000
ΣK S¢ =
80

6 EIΔ
FEM AB = FEMCD =
L2
Assume Δ is Selected so FEM’s = 40 ft ⋅ k
I 5I
K AB = = D.F . = 0.45
16 80
3 I 6I
K BC = =
2 20 80 D.F . = 0.55
11I
ΣK S¢ =
80

11-41
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P11.29. Continued

Case B: Sidesway Correction to Eliminate 0.97k Holding Force

Multiply Moments in case B by 0.97/6.62 and Add to Case A.

11-42
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No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
 P11.30. Analyze the frame in Figure P11.30 by 12ʹ 12ʹ
moment distribution. Determine all reactions 400 kip • ft
and draw the shear and moment curves. Sketch
the deflected shape. E is constant and equals B D
2
30,000 kips/in. . C

15ʹ

A E

P11.30

M Case A: No Sideway
FEM BD = = 100 k⋅ft = FEM DB
4
3æ I ö
K AB = K DE = çç ÷÷÷
4 èç15 ø
I
K BD =
24
6 5
DFBA = , DFBD =
11 11

6 EIΔ
FEM AB = FEM DE = Case B: Sideway
L2
Assume Δ is selected so FEM’s = 22 k ⋅ ft

11-43
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No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
P11.30. Continued

5.92
Multiply Moments in Case B by and Add to Case A
1.34

Results

Shear (kips)
Deflected Shape

–16.7

Moment (k·ft)

11-44
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 P11.31. Analyze the Vierendeel truss in Figure 100 kN

P11.31 by moment distribution. Draw the shear A B C

and moment curves for members AB and AF.
Sketch the deflected shape, and determine the
deflection at midspan. Given: EI is constant, 3m
6 4
E = 200 GPa, and I = 250 × 10 mm .

F D
E

4m 4m

P11.31

Analyee Half of Structure:

Structure symmetrical about vertical axis at midspan
and antisymmetrical about A horiz. Axis at middepth.
∴ Following conditions exist.
1. Member EB is straight ∴ θB = θE = 0
∴ Joints B and E can treated as fixed supports. also
ΔB = ΔE = Δ

2. The deflected shape of AB, CB, FE and DE are identical.

θ A = θF = θ and θC = θD = -θ.

3. The values of V & M are identical in members AB,

Moment Distribution
FE, DE, and CB, and V = 25 kips.
4. Axial forces exist in horis and vertical members.
2 EI 3EI
FEM BA = FEM EF = FEM AB = FEMFE = (0 + 0 - 3Ψ) = Ψ
4 2
3EI
Arbitrarily LET Ψ = 90 kN ⋅ m
2
D.F .
I
I I 4 =1
K AB = K FE = =
L 4 3I 3
4

2I
3 I 3 I 4 =2
K AF = K AF = =
2L 2 3 3I 3
4
3
ΣK S¢ = I
4

11-45
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P13.31. Continued
Compute V in AB & FE Forces in member AF
+
+ ΣM A = 0 = 4V - 60 - 75
ΣM F = 0
135
V= = 33.75 kN 0 = 44.44 + 44.44 - V 3
4
Since V = 25 kN reduce all forces V = 29.63 kN
25
by Ratio of = 0.740741
33.75
60(.74071) = 44.44 75(.7407) = 55.56 kN ⋅ m

Member and Moments (kN·m)

Axial Forces in all Members in kN.

Bottom chord in tension top chord in cohpression some
truss action.
Vertical force transmitted by V.
Deflection @ Midspan
Since member end moments established, use slope-defl
EQ to compute displacement at midpoint Alternate Computation by Virtual Work:
1
Use Q-System = P-System
100
dx 1
1 kN ´δ = Σ ò MQ M P
EI 100 EI ò P
= M 2 dx

1 é 4 1.5 ù
ê 4 M 2 dx + 2 M dx ú
δ= ê
100 EI ëê 0ò P ò P ú
-1.5 ûú
2 EI Member AB Member AF
M FE = -44.44 = (2θ - 3Ψ) é 4 1.5 ù
L 1 ê 4 (-44.5 + 25 x )2 dx + 2 (29.67 x 2 )dx ú
M EF = -55.55 =
2 EI
(θ - 3Ψ)
=
100 EIê ò
êë 0
ò ú
úû
-1.5
L 1 é
11.11L = 4(3454.3) + 2(1380.7)ùû
Solving for θ = 100 EI ë
2 EI 17, 779 17, 779
-66.66 L = =
Ψ= 100 EI 100(200 ´106 )(250 ´10-6 )
3´ 2 EI
Δ -66 L δ = 0.00356 = 3.56 mm
Ψ= =
L 3´ 2 EI

-66 L2 -66(4)2
Δ= =
2 EI 6 ´ 200 ´ 250

Δ = 0,00356 m = 3.56 mm

11-46
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 w = 2.4 kips/ft
P11.32. Analyze the frame in Figure P11.32 by
D
moment distribution. Draw the shear and
moment curves. Compute the horizontal I = 360 in.4
deflection of joint B. Sketch the deflected shape. 12ʹ
2 30 kips
E is constant and equals 30,000 kips/in. . w = 2.4 kips/ft
B
C
I = 600 in.4

12ʹ
I = 360 in.4

12ʹ 12ʹ

P11.32

D
FEM AB = -FEM BA Case A -73.3 MBC 73.3 MCB -28.8 FEM
Laterally Restrained … … … … 28.8 D
-2.4(12 )2
-3.2 C 3.2 C
= = -28.8 kip-ft 6.5 D -6.5 D
0 MDC
12 -12.3 C 12.3 C
FEM BC = -FEMCB 24.6 D -24.6 D
-30(24) -90 FEM 90 FEM 0.474
= = -90 kip-ft RB
8 B
0.526 0.526
C -28.8 FEM
-14.4 C
0.474
æ 0.6 I ö÷ 3 28.8 FEM -22.2 D
K AB = KCD = ççç ÷ = 0.0375 -5.8 D
è 12 ÷ø 4
14.4 C
22.2 D -1.5 D
I 5.8 D … …
K BC = = 0.04167 -28.8 FEM 1.5 D -73.3 MCD
24 28.8 D A … …
0 MAB 73.3 MBA
DFBA = DFCD
15 kips = Dy
0.0375
= = 0.474 8.3 kips = D x
0.07917
RB = -41 kips 20.5 kips D
2.4 kips/ft

DFBC = DFCB 12 ft
0.04176
= = 0.526 20.5 kips C
0.07917 20.5 kips
-73.3 kip-ft
Use superposition of Case A and Case B. 15 kips
30 kips
-73.3 kip-ft 73.3 kip-ft
20.5 kips 20.5 kips
B 24 ft C
15 kips 15 kips 15 kips
73.3 kip-ft
20.5 kips
B
2.4 kips/ft

12 ft

A
8.3 kips = Ax
15 kips = Ay

11-47
Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
P11.32. Continued
Case B 46.4 MBC -46.4 MCB D
260 FEM
Sidesway … … … … -260 D
-9 C 9 C 0 MDC
18 D -18 D
S -34.2 C 34.2 C
1 in.
68.4 D -68.4 D
0 FEM 0 FEM 0.474

0.526 0.526
B C 260 FEM
-130 C
0.474
-260 FEM -61.6 D
130 C -16.2 C
61.6 D -4.3 D
16.2 D … …
260 FEM 4.3 D 46.4 MCD
-260 D A … …
0 MAB -46.4 MBA

3.87 kips
3.87 kips D
S = 7.73 kips
12 ft

3.87 kips C
3.87 kips
46.4 kip-ft

46.4 kip-ft
3.87 kips

3.87 kips B 24 ft C
-46.4 kip-ft

-46.4 kip-ft
3.87 kips

12 ft

A
3.87 kips

41
Horizontal Displacement of Joint C Δ HC = = 5.30 in. (Equal to Case B scaling factor)
7.73
M BA = 73.3 - 46.4(5.30) = -172.6 » M BA = -173 kip-ft 
M BC = -73.3 + 46.4(5.30) = 172.6 » M BC = 173 kip-ft 
MCB = 73.3 - 46.4(5.30) = -172.6 » MCB = -173 kip-ft 
MCD = -73.3 + 46.4(5.30) = 172.6 » MCD = 173 kip-ft 
Ax = -8.3 - 3.87(5.3) = Ax = -28.8 kips ¬
Dx = -8.3 - 3.87(5.3) = Dx = -28.8 kips ¬

11-48
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No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
P11.32. Continued

15 kips = Dy

28.8 kips = Dx
D

2.4 kips/ft
Final Forces
12 ft

173 kip-ft
15 kips
30 kips
173 kip-ft -173 kip-ft

B 24 ft C
15 kips 15 kips 15 kips
173 kip-ft

B
2.4 kips/ft

12 ft

A
28.8 kips = Ax
15 kips = Ay

D Deflected Shape D
-28.8
Shear Moment
(kips) (kip-ft)

352.8
15 172.8
B C
B C
172.8
-15
5.30 in.

28.8 A A

11-49
Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.