Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e

Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

Chapter 8 Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

8.1 Conics

1) Find the equation of the parabola passing through the point (2, 5), having vertex at the origin and axis
of symmetry along the y-axis.
A) 5x2 = y
B) 5x2 = 4y
C) 4x2 = 5y
D) 3x2 = 4y
E) x2 = 3y
Answer: B
Diff: 1

2) For the parabola x2 + 6x + 4y + 5 = 0, find the vertex, the focus, and the directrix.
A) Vertex (3, 1), Focus (3, 2), Directrix y = 0
B) Vertex (3, 1), Focus (3, 0), Directrix y = 2
C) Vertex (-3, 1), Focus (-3, 2), Directrix y = 0
D) Vertex (-3, 1), Focus (-3, 0), Directrix y = 2
E) Vertex (-3, -1), Focus (-3, 0), Directrix y = 2
Answer: D
Diff: 1

3) Find an equation of an ellipse satisfying the given conditions: Foci (-3, 0) and (3, 0) and length of major
axis 6.
A) + =1

B) + =1

C) + =1

D) + =1

E) + =1

Answer: A
Diff: 1

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

4) Find an equation of a parabola satisfying the given conditions Focus (4, 1) and directrix x = -2.
A) y2 = 12x
B) = 12(x - 1)
C) = 12(x + 1)
D) = -12(x - 1)
E) y2 = 12x + 1
Answer: D
Diff: 1

5) Find an equation of a parabola satisfying the given conditions: Focus (2, 0) and directrix y = 2π.
A) x2 = 4π(1 - y)
B) = 4(π - y)
C) = 4π(π - y)
D) = 4π(π - y)
E) = 4π(π - y)
Answer: C
Diff: 1

6) Find the centre, eccentricity, and foci of the ellipse

+ = 1.

A) Centre (1, -3); ε = ; foci (1± , -3)

B) Centre (-1, 3); ε = ; foci (-1± , 3)

C) Centre (1, 3); ε = ; foci (1± , 3)

D) Centre (-1, -3); ε = ; foci (-1± , -3)

E) Centre (1, -3); ε = ; foci (1± , -3)

Answer: D
Diff: 1

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

7) Find all values of the constant real number k so that the second degree equation
represents a pair of lines.
A) k = -1, k =

B) k = 1, -

C) k = - ,

D) -∞ < k < ∞
E) k ≠ 0
Answer: B
Diff: 1

8) Find an equation of an ellipse containing the point (- , ) and with vertices (0, -3) and (0, 3).

A) x2 + =1

B) x2 - =1

C) x2 + =1

D) + =1

E) x2 + =1

Answer: A
Diff: 2

9) For the hyperbola x2 - y2 = 8x - 2y - 13, find the centre, the vertices, the foci, and the asymptotes.
A) Centre (4, 1), Vertices (4 ± , 1), Foci (4 ± 2, 1), Asymptotes x - y = 3 and x + y = 5
B) Centre (-4, -1), Vertices (-4 ± , -1), Foci (-4 ± 2, -1), Asymptotes x - y = -3 and x + y = -5
C) Centre (4, 1), Vertices (4 ±2 , 1), Foci (4 ± 2, 1), Asymptotes x - y = 3 and x + y = 5
D) Centre (-4, 1), Vertices (-4 ±2 , 1), Foci (-4 ± 2, 1), Asymptotes x - y = -3 and x + y = 5
E) Centre (4, -1), Vertices (4 ± , -1), Foci (4 ± 2, -1), Asymptotes x + y = 3 and x - y = 5
Answer: A
Diff: 2

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

10) The maximum distance of the Earth from the sun is 9.3 × kilometres. The minimum distance is
kilometres. The sun is at one focus of the elliptical orbit. Find the distance from the sun to the
other focus.
A) 3.2 × 106 kilometres
B) 4.8 × 106 kilometres
C) 6.4 × 106 kilometres
D) 1.6 × 106 kilometres
E) 8.0 × 106 kilometres
Answer: A
Diff: 2

11) Find an equation of an ellipse with centre (-2, 3) where its major axis is vertical, the length of its major
axis is 4, and the length of its minor axis is 1.
A) + =1

B) + =1

C) 4 + =1

D) 4 + =1

E) 4 + =1

Answer: D
Diff: 2

12) Find the centre, the foci, and the asymptotes of the hyperbola 4x2 - 9yx2 - 16x - 54y = 101.
A) Centre (2, -3), Foci (2 ± , -3), Asymptotes = ±

B) Centre (-2, 3), Foci (-2 ± , 3), Asymptotes = ±

C) Centre (2, -3), Foci (2 ± , -3), Asymptotes = ±

D) Centre (2, 3), Foci (2 ± , 3), Asymptotes = ±

E) Centre (-2, 3), Foci (-2 ± , 3), Asymptotes = ±

Answer: A
Diff: 2

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

13) Find an equation of a hyperbola with vertices (3, 7) and (-3, 7) and ε = .

A) - =1

B) - =1

C) - =1

D) - =1

E) - =1

Answer: B
Diff: 2

14) Find an equation of a hyperbola with vertices (-1, 3) and (-1, 7) and ε = 4.
A) - =1

B) - =1

C) - =1

D) - =1

E) - =1

Answer: C
Diff: 2

15) Find the angle at which the parabolas y2 = 4x + 4 and y2 = -6x + 9 intersect at each of their
intersection points.
A) at each intersection point
B) at each intersection point
C) at each intersection point
D) at each intersection point
E) at each intersection point
Answer: A
Diff: 2

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

16) Find the points on the hyperbola x2 - y2 = 1 nearest to the point (0, 1).
A) ,

B) ,

C) ,

D) ,

E) ,

Answer: D
Diff: 2

17) A circle passes through both foci of an ellipse and is tangent to the ellipse at two points. Find the
eccentricity of the ellipse.
A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Answer: A
Diff: 2

18) Find the equation of the ellipse whose eccentricity is and whose foci are (±2, 0).

A) 3x2 + 4y2 = 48
B) 4x2 + 3y2= 48
C) 4x2 + 3y2 = 64
D) 3x2 + 4y2 = 64
E) 3x2 + 2y2 = 48
Answer: A
Diff: 2

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

19) Find the equation to the ellipse for which (1, -1) is a focus, x - y = 3 is the corresponding directrix,
and the eccentricity is 1/2.
A) 3x2 - 2xy + 3y2 - 2x + 2y - 1 = 0
B) 3x2 + 2xy + 3y2 - 2x + 2y - 1 = 0
C) 7x2 - 2xy + 7y2 - 10x + 10y + 7 = 0
D) 7x2 + 2xy + 7y2 - 10x + 10y + 7 = 0
E) 7x2 + 2xy + 7y2 - 5x + 5y - 2 = 0
Answer: D
Diff: 3

20) Find the equation of the parabola whose focus is (2, -1) and directrix is x + 2y -1 = 0.
A) 4x2 - 4xy + y2 -18x + 14y + 24 = 0
B) 5x2 - 4xy + y2 -18x + 14y + 24 = 0
C) x2 - 4xy + 4y2 -18x + 14y + 24 = 0
D) x2- 4xy + 5y2 -18x + 14y + 24 = 0
E) 4x2 - 4xy + 4y2 -18x + 14y + 24 = 0
Answer: A
Diff: 3

8.2 Parametric Curves

1) Which of the following sets of parametric equations constitute a parametrization of

the whole parabola y = x2?

(a) x = t, y = t2, -∞ < t < ∞, (b) x = t2, y = t4, -∞ < t < ∞

(c) x = t3, y = t6, -∞ < t < ∞ (d) x = sin(t), y = sin2 t, -∞ < t < ∞
(e) x = ln t, y = , 0 < t < ∞.

A) (a), (c), and (e) only

B) (a) and (e) only
C) (a), (b), and (c) only
D) all of them
E) none of them
Answer: A
Diff: 1

2) What do the parametric equations x = 7 cost and y = 3 sint describe?

A) ellipse
B) hyperbola
C) circle
D) parabola
E) line
Answer: A
Diff: 2

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

3) What do the parametric equations x = t2 + 3t and y = t + 4 describe?

A) parabola that opens to the right
B) parabola that opens to the left
C) ellipse
D) hyperbola
E) line
Answer: A
Diff: 2

4) The parametrization x = sec(t), y = tan(t), -∞ < t < ∞ represents half of a certain conic section. What
kind of conic?
A) a circle
B) a parabola
C) an ellipse
D) a hyperbola
E) a cone
Answer: D
Diff: 1

5) Find a nonparametric equation for the parametric curve x = t2 - 2t, y = t + 1. What kind of curve is it?
A) x = y2 - 4y + 1, a parabola
B) x2 = - y2 - 4y + 5, an ellipse
C) x2 = y2 - 4y + 4, a hyperbola
D) x = y2 - 4y + 3, a parabola
E) x = -3y + 3, a line
Answer: D
Diff: 1

6) Find the Cartesian coordinates of points of intersection of the plane parametric curves x = 3 t2 -2,
y = 2t and x = u2, y = -u - 1.
Answer: There are two points: (1, - 2) and (25, - 6)
Diff: 2

7) A plane curve C is given parametrically by x = tan(t) - 2, y = sec(t), t ∈ (- , ).

Find the Cartesian equation of the curve C.

A) y2 – (x + 2)2 = 1, y ≥ 1
B) (x + 2)2 - y2 = 1, y ≥ 1
C) y2 + (x + 2)2 = 1, - ∞ < y < ∞
D) y2 - x2 = 5, -1 ≤ y ≤ 1
E) y2 - (x + 2)2 = 1, y ≤ - 1
Answer: A
Diff: 3

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

8) Find a single equation in x and y that represents the parametric curve x = 4t + , y = 2t - .

A) x2 - 4y2 = 16
B) x2 + 4y2 = 16
C) 4x2 + y2 = 16
D) 4x2 - y2 = 16
E) y2 - 4x2 = 16
Answer: A
Diff: 2

9) Describe the curve x = 3 - cos(t), y = -2 + 2 sin(t).

A) ellipse, centre (3, -2) with major axis along the line x = 3
B) ellipse, centre (3, -2) with major axis along the line y = -2
C) hyperbola, centre (3, -2) with transverse axis along the line x = -3
D) hyperbola, centre (3, -2) with transverse axis along the line x = 3
E) ellipse, centre (-3, 2) with major axis along the line x = -3
Answer: A
Diff: 2

10) Parametrize the curve y = x2 + 3x using its slope m as the parameter.

A) x = , y=

B) x = , y=

C) x = , y=

D) x = , y=

E) x = , y=

Answer: A
Diff: 2

11) Which of the following plane parametric curves is a parametrization of an ellipse centred at (4, -2)?
A) x = 3 - 4cos(t), y = 5 + 2sin(t), 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π
B) x = 3 + 4cos(t), y = 5 - 2sin(t), 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π
C) x = 4 + 3cos(t), y = -2 + 5sin(t), 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π
D) x = - 4 + 3cos(t), y = 2 + 5sin(t), 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π
E) x = 4 - 2cos(t), y = 4 - 2sin(t), 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π
Answer: C
Diff: 2

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

12) Write a single equation in terms of x and y that represents the parametric curve
x=a θ, y = a θ, 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π. Sketch the curve.
Answer: + =

Diff: 2

13) Find g(t) so that x = -1 + 3 cos(t), y = g(t), 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π provides a counterclockwise parametrization

of the circle x2 + y2 + 2x - 4y = 4.
A) -2 + sin(t)
B) 2 - 3 sin(t)
C) 2 + 3 sin(t)
D) 3 - 2 sin(t)
E) 3 + 2 sin(t)
Answer: C
Diff: 2

14) Which of the following best describes the parametric curve x = sec(t), y = (t), - ≤ t≤ ?

A) part of the parabola y = x2 - 1 lying under the line y = 1

B) the parabola y = x2 - 1
C) part of the parabola y = x2 - 1 lying above the line y = 1
D) part of the parabola y = x2- 1 lying above the line y = -1
E) part of the parabola y = x2 - 1 lying under the line y = 1 in the first quadrant
Answer: A
Diff: 3

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

8.3 Smooth Parametric Curves and Their Slopes

1) Find the slope of the curve x = 6t + 3, y = 2 - 7t when t = 5.

A) 6
B) 3
C)

D)

E) 0
Answer: A
Diff: 1

2) Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve at the given t.
x = cos 3t, y = 3 sin 5t at t = .

A) x + y = 2
B) y = -

C) x = -1
D) x + y + 1 + =0

E) x = 1
Answer: C
Diff: 1

3) Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve at the given t.

x= , y= at t = 1.

A) x + y = 3
B) 2x + y = 5
C) 2x - y = 3
D) x - y = 1
E) x + 2y = 3
Answer: A
Diff: 1

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

4) Find the slope of the curve x = 5 cos t, y = 3 sin t at t = .

A)

B) -

C) -

D)

E) 1
Answer: C
Diff: 1

5) Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve at the given t.
x = 2 cot t, y = 2 t at t =

A) x - 2y = 0
B) x + 2y = 4
C) 2x + y = 5
D) 2x - y = 3
E) x - 2y = 4
Answer: B
Diff: 2

6) Find the Cartesian equation of the straight line tangent to the plane curve given parametrically by
at the point on the curve where t = -1.
A) x + y = 0
B) 3x - y =0
C) y = 0
D) y = x

E) y = -3x
Answer: B
Diff: 1

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

7) Express and in terms of x and y for the circle x = a cos θ, y = a sin θ.

A) =- , =-

B) = , =

C) =- , =-

D) = , =-

E) = , =-

Answer: A
Diff: 2

8) Determine the points where the parametric curve x = t3 - 3t, y = t3 - 12t have horizontal and vertical
tangents.
A) horizontal tangents at (2, 11), (-2, -11) and vertical tangents at (2, -16), (-2, 16)
B) horizontal tangent at (0, 0)
C) vertical tangent at (0, 0)
D) horizontal tangents at (2, -16), (-2, 16) and vertical tangents at (2, 11), (-2, -11)
E) no horizontal or vertical tangents
Answer: D
Diff: 2

9) Find the angle at which the cycloid x = aθ - a sin θ, y = a - a cos θ meets the x-axis at the origin.
Answer: The cycloid comes in vertically at the origin .

Diff: 2

10) Find at the highest point on the cycloid x = aθ - a sin θ, y = a - a cos θ.

A) -

B) -

C)

D)

E)

Answer: A
Diff: 2

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

11) Find the slope of the curve x = sin 2t, y = cos 3t at t = 0.

A) -

B) -

C) 0
D)

E)

Answer: A
Diff: 2

12) Find the coordinates of the highest point of the curve x = 6t, y = 6t – t2.
A) (18, 9)
B) (0, 0)
C) (12, 6)
D) (6, 5)
E) (24, 8)
Answer: A
Diff: 2

13) Find the slopes of two lines tangent to the parametric curve x = t3 + t2 - 6t + 1, y = t2 + t - 4 at
the point (1, 2) on the curve.
A) 2, -3
B) - ,

C) -6, -

D) , -

E) - ,

Answer: D
Diff: 3

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

14) Where does the curve x = 2t2 - 5, y = t3 + t have a tangent line that is perpendicular to the line
?
A) and (-3, 2)

B) and (3, -2)

C) and (3, -2)

D) and (-3, 2)

E) and (-3, -2)

Answer: D
Diff: 2

15) Where is the curve x = ln t, y = concave upward?

A) at all points on the curve
B) at all points corresponding to values of t satisfying t > 1
C) at all points corresponding to values of t satisfying 0 < t < 1
D) at all points corresponding to values of t satisfying 0 < t ≤ 1
E) nowhere
Answer: A
Diff: 2

16) Find the slope of the curve x = 3 csc(t), y = 2 cot(t) at the point t = .

A)

B) -

C) -

D)

E)

Answer: D
Diff: 2

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

17) At what points does the curve x = (cos t - sin t), y = (sin t + cos t) have
(a) horizontal tangent lines? (b) vertical tangent lines?
A) (a) (b)

B) (a) (b)

C) (a) (b)

D) (a) (0, 2) and (0, -2) (b) (-2, 0) and (2, 0)

E) (a) (2, 0) and (-2, 0) (b) (0, -2) and (0, 2)
Answer: D
Diff: 2

18) At what values of t does the curve x = t - sin t, y = 1 - cos t have

(a) a horizontal tangent, (b) a vertical tangent, and (c) no tangent?
A) (a) t = 2kπ, k is an integer; (b) t = (2k + 1)π; (c) nowhere
B) (a) t = kπ, k is an integer; (b) nowhere; (c) nowhere
C) (a) t = (2k + 1)π, k is an integer; (b) t = 2kπ, k is an integer; (c) nowhere
D) (a) t = (2k + 1)π, k is an integer; (b) nowhere; (c) t = 2kπ, k is an integer
E) (a) t = kπ, k is an integer; (b) t = 2kπ, k is an integer; (c) nowhere
Answer: E
Diff: 2

19) Find the tangent line(s) to the parametric curve given by x = t5 - 4t3, y = t2 at (0, 4).
A) y = 4 ± x

B) y = 4 ± x

C) y = 8 ± x

D) y = 8 ± x

E) y = 2 ± x

Answer: A
Diff: 2

20) Determine the coordinates of the points where the curve x = t2 + 2t, y = 2t3 + 7 has
(a) a horizontal tangent and (b) a vertical tangent.
Answer: (a) (0, -9) (b) (±2, -6)
Diff: 2

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

21) Determine the coordinates of the points where the curve x = t2 + 2t, y = 2t3 + 7 has
(a) a horizontal tangent and (b) a vertical tangent.
A) (a) (0, -9) (b) (±2, -6)
B) (a) (-2, -9) (b) (-2, -6)
C) (a) (2, -9) (b) (2, -6)
D) (a) (0, -9) (b) (2, 6)
E) (a) (2, 9) (b) (2, 6)
Answer: A
Diff: 2

8.4 Arc Lengths and Areas for Parametric Curves

1) Find the arc length of x = u, y = , 0≤u≤ .

A) units

B) 2 units
C) units

D) units

E) units

Answer: C
Diff: 1

2) Find the length of the curve x = cos t + sin t, y = sin t - cos t, from t = to t = .

A) units

B) units

C) units

D) units

E) units

Answer: A
Diff: 1

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

3) Find the length of x = ln sin θ, y = θ, ≤θ≤ .

A) ln (4 - ) units
B) ln (3 + ) units
C) ln (2 + ) units
D) ln (1 + 2 ) units
E) ln (1 - 3 ) units
Answer: C
Diff: 1

4) Find the arc length of x = , y= , from t = 0 to t = 4.

A) 10 units
B) 15 units
C) 20 units
D) 25 units
E) 16 units
Answer: C
Diff: 1

5) Find the arc length of the curve x = sin t, y = cos t, from t = - to t = .

A) - 1) units
B) 2 + 1) units
C) 2 - 1) units
D) 2 sinh units

E) 2 cosh units

Answer: D
Diff: 2

6) Find the arc length of the curve x = ln (1 + t2), y = t, from t = 0 to t = 1.

A) ln (2 - ) units
B) ln (3 - ) units
C) ln ( + 1) units
D) ln ( - 1) units
E) ln ( ) units
Answer: C
Diff: 2

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

7) Find the length of one arch of the cycloid x = a(θ - sinθ), y = a(1 - cosθ).
A) 8a units
B) 10a units
C) 12a units
D) 6a units
E) 4a units
Answer: A
Diff: 2

8) Find the area of the surface generated by rotating x = t - sint, y = 1 - cost where t ∈ [0, 2π] about the x-
axis.
A) square units

B) square units

C) square units

D) square units

E) 64π square units

Answer: B
Diff: 3

9) Find the area of the surface generated by rotating the astroid x = a t, y = a t

about y = 0.
A) square units

B) square units

C) square units

D) square units

E) square units

Answer: C
Diff: 3

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

10) Find the area of the surface generated by rotating x = t2, y = , 0 ≤ t ≤ 1 about the y-axis.

A) 4π(5 - 8) square units

B) 4π(5 + 8) square units
C) 2π(5 - 8) square units
D) 2π(5 + 8) square units
E) π(5 - 8) square units
Answer: A
Diff: 2

11) Find the length of the curve x = t, y = , 0 ≤ t ≤ 1.

A) 1 + ln( + 1) units

B) + ln( + 1) units

C) - ln( + 1) units

D) 1 - ln( + 1) units

E) 1 + ln( ) units

Answer: A
Diff: 2

12) Find the area of the surface generated by rotating x = t, y = , 0 ≤ t ≤ 1, about the x-axis.

A) square units

B) square units

C) square units

D) square units

E) square units

Answer: D
Diff: 2

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 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

13) Find the arc length of the curve x = , y= dx, 0 ≤ t ≤ ln(2).

Answer: units

Diff: 2

14) Find the arc length x = 2 cos θ + cos 2θ + 1, y = 2 sin θ + sin 2θ, for 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π.
A) 12 units
B) 14 units
C) 16 units
D) 18 units
E) 10 units
Answer: C
Diff: 3

15) Find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse x = 7 cos θ, y = 9 sinθ.
A) 63π square units
B) 16π square units
C) 2π square units
D) 25π square units
E) 72π square units
Answer: A
Diff: 2

16) Find the area of the region bounded by the hypocycloid x = a θ, y = a θ.

A) πa2 square units

B) πa2 square units

C) πa2 square units

D) πa2 square units

E) πa2 square units

Answer: B
Diff: 2

17) Determine the area above the x-axis and under one arch of the cycloid x = a(t - sin t), y = a(1 - cos t).
A) 2πa2 square units
B) 3πa2 square units
C) 4πa2 square units
D) 6πa2 square units
E) 5πa2 square units
Answer: B
Diff: 2

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-21

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

8.5 Polar Coordinates and Polar Curves

1) Find the rectangular coordinates of the point with polar coordinates .

A) ( , 1)
B) (1, )
C) ( , 2)
D) (2, )
E) (3, 1)
Answer: A
Diff: 1

2) Convert the point with Cartesian coordinates (-1, -1) to polar coordinates.
A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Answer: C
Diff: 1

3) Find a rectangular equation equivalent to the polar equation θ = .

A) y = x
B) y = x
C) y = x
D) y = 2x
E) y = 3x
Answer: C
Diff: 1

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-22

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

4) Find a rectangular equation equivalent to the polar equation r = tan θ.

A) y2 =

B) y2 =

C) y2 =

D) y2 =

E) y2 =

Answer: B
Diff: 1

5) Find a rectangular equation equivalent to the polar equation r = cot θ.

A) x2 =

B) x2 =

C) x2 =

D) x2 =

E) x2 =

Answer: A
Diff: 2

6) Convert x2 + y2 = xy to polar coordinates.

A) r2 =

B) r =

C) r =

D) r2 =

E) r2 =

Answer: A
Diff: 2

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-23

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

7) Convert r = -8cosθ into Cartesian coordinates.

A) x2 + y2 = -8x
B) x2 - y2 = -8x
C) x2 + y2 = 4x
D) 2x2 + 4y2 = -4x
E) x2 - y2 = 4x
Answer: A
Diff: 2

8) Describe the graph of the polar equation r = 6(sin θ + cos θ).

A) Straight line with intercepts (6, 0) and (0, 6)
B) Circle with centre at (3, 3) and radius 6
C) Circle with centre at (3, 3) and radius 3
D) Straight line with intercepts (3, 0) and (0, 3)
E) Circle with centre at (3, 3) and radius
Answer: C
Diff: 2

9) Convert the polar equation r = a sinθ + b cos θ to rectangular coordinates and identify the curve it
represents.
A) x2 + y2 = ay + bx, circle with centre ( , ) and radius

B) x2 + y2 = ay + bx, circle with centre ( , ) and radius

C) x2 + y2 = ay + bx, circle with centre (b, a) and radius

D) x2 + y2 = ay + bx, circle with centre (a, b) and radius

E) + = 1, ellipse centred at the origin

Answer: A
Diff: 1

10) Convert the polar equation r2 = sec(2θ) to Cartesian coordinates and identify the curve it represents.
A) x2 - y2 = 1, a rectangular hyperbola
B) x2 + y2 = 1, a circle
C) 2x2 + y2 = 1, an ellipse
D) 2x2 = 1, two parallel lines
E) 2x2 - y2 = 1, a hyperbola
Answer: A
Diff: 2

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-24

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

11) Find the points of intersection of the polar curves r = 4(1 + cosθ) and r(1 - cosθ) = 3.
A) , , ,

B) , , ,

C) , , ,

D) , , ,

E) , , , , (0, 0)

Answer: A
Diff: 1

12) True or False: The graph of the rose curve r = cos(nθ) has n leaves if n is an even integer and 2n leaves
if n is an odd integer.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1

13) Transform the polar equation r = 1 + 2 cos θ to rectangular coordinates.

A) x2 + y2 =
B) x2 + y2 =
C) x2 - y2 =
D) x2 + y2 =
E) x2 - y2 =
Answer: A
Diff: 1

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-25

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

14) Which of the following is an equation of the polar graph shown in the figure below?

A) r = 3 - 3cos(θ)
B) r = 6 cos(2θ)
C) r = 3 +3 sin(θ)
D) r = 3 - 3sin(θ)
E) r = 3 + 3cos(θ)
Answer: D
Diff: 2

15) Convert to Cartesian coordinates the polar equation r2 = .

A) - =1

B) - =1

C) x2 - y2 = 36
D) + = 36

E) x2 + y2 = 36
Answer: A
Diff: 2

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-26

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

16) Find all the points of intersection of the curves r = sin θ and r2 = cos 2θ.

A) , , (0,0)

B) ,

C) , , (0,0)

D) ,

E) ,

Answer: A
Diff: 2

17) True or False: If the equation f(θ) = g(θ) has no solutions, then the polar curves and
do not intersect.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2

18) Sketch the polar curve r = 4 + 4 sin θ.

Answer:

Diff: 2

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-27

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

19) Sketch the polar curve r = 4 sin(3θ).

Answer:

Diff: 2

20) Sketch the polar curve r2 = 9 sin(3θ).

Answer:

Diff: 2

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-28

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

21) Sketch the polar graph of r = 2 + 3cos(θ), 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π.

Answer:

Diff: 3

8.6 Slopes, Areas, and Arc Lengths for Polar Curves

1) Find the Cartesian equation of the unique straight line that is tangent to the cardioid at
two different points.
A) y =

B) y =

C) y =

D) y =

E) y =

Answer: C
Diff: 1

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-29

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

2) Find the arc length of r = from θ = 0 to θ = .

A) units

B) units

C) units

D) units

E) units

Answer: D
Diff: 1

3) Determine the length of the arc r = , 1 ≤ θ ≤ 2.

A) units

B) units

C) units

D) units

E) units

Answer: A
Diff: 2

4) Find the length of r = from θ = 0 to θ = 2π.

A) ( - 1) units

B) ( - 1) units
C) ( - 1) units

D) 2 ( - 1) units

E) ( + 1) units

Answer: A
Diff: 2

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-30

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

5) Find the surface area generated by revolving the arc of r = a(1 - cosθ), 0 ≤ θ ≤ π about the line θ = 0.
A) square units

B) square units

C) square units

D) square units

E) square units

Answer: A
Diff: 2

6) Find the area of the surface generated by rotating the lemniscate = cos(2θ) about the line θ = 0.
A) 4 πa2 square units
B) 2 πa2 square units
C) 2 πa2 square units
D) πa2 square units
E) 4 πa2 square units
Answer: B
Diff: 3

7) Find the area bounded by the polar graph r = 4 cos(θ).

A) π square units
B) 2π square units
C) 4π square units
D) 8π square units
E) π square units
Answer: C
Diff: 2

8) Find the area bounded by the polar curve r = sin(3θ).

A) square units

B) square units

C) square units

D) square units

E) square units

Answer: D
Diff: 2

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-31

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

9) Find the area of the region bounded by the cardioid r = 3 - 2 sin θ.

A) 5π square units
B) 7π square units
C) 9π square units
D) 11π square units
E) 3π square units
Answer: D
Diff: 2

10) Find the area bounded by one petal of the flower r = a cos(5θ).
A) square units

B) square units

C) square units

D) square units

E) square units

Answer: C
Diff: 2

11) What are the polar coordinates of the highest point on the cardioid r = 2(1 + cos θ)?
A)

B)

C)

D) (4, 0)
E)

Answer: B
Diff: 2

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-32

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

12) Find the area swept out by line segments from the origin to the curve r = tan θ from θ = 0 to θ = .

A) square units

B) square units

C) square units

D) square units

E) square units

Answer: C
Diff: 2

13) Find the slope of the cardioid r = 1 - cos θ at θ = .

A) 2
B) 1
C) 0
D) -1
E) -2
Answer: D
Diff: 2

14) Find the slope of the spiral curve r = θ at θ = .

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Answer: D
Diff: 2

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-33

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

15) Show that the total arc length of the lemniscate r2 = cos(2θ) is 4 dθ.

Answer: Differentiate both sides of r2 = cos(2θ) with respect to θ. We have

2r = -2sin(2θ), hence =-

Therefore, the arc length element for the polar curve is given by

ds = = =

Substituting for = cos(2θ), we have

ds = = = =

From symmetry of graph of lemniscate, we have

s=4 dθ.

Diff: 2

16) Find the area of the region lying inside the circle r = sin θ and outside the lemniscate .
A) + square units

B) - square units

C) + square units

D) - square units

E) + square units

Answer: A
Diff: 2

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-34

 Calculus: A Complete Course, 8e
Chapter 8: Conics, Parametric Curves, and Polar Curves

17) Find the angles of intersection of the curves r = 3 cos θ and r = 1 + cos θ at their intersection points.
A) at the points , at (0, 0)

B) at the points , 0 at (0, 0)

C) at the points , at (0, 0)

D) at the points , 0 at (0, 0)

E) at the points , 0 at (0, 0)

Answer: C
Diff: 3

18) Find the area bounded by the smaller loop of the curve r = 1 + 2 sin(θ).
A) 2π - square units

B) 2π + square units

C) π - square units

D) π + square units

E) - square units

Answer: C
Diff: 3

19) Find the area bounded by the larger loop of the curve r = 1 + 2 sin(θ).
A) 2π - square units

B) 2π + square units

C) π - square units

D) π + square units

E) - square units

Answer: B
Diff: 3

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario 8-35