Subject: SEM-III-Mechanics of Materials

Module 1: Introduction to Stress and Strain

Sr.
Question Marks
No
1 A hollow copper rod of external diameter 40 mm and thickness 5 mm has length 12 cm. 2
If the permissible compressive stress is 50MPa, find the safe compressive load on the
rod and corresponding change in length. Take E for copper as 110 GPa.
2 For the beam shown in figure, find the support reactions at support A and B. 2

3 Define ductility and hardness of materials. 2

4 The modulus of rigidity and Poisson’s ratio of a material are 80 GPa and 0.3 respectively. 2
Calculate Its young’s modulus.
5 An aluminium bar having diameter 20 mm carries the axial load at the positions as shown 2
in figure. Calculate the total change in length of the bar. Take E=69 GPa.

6 What is the force required to punch a 20 mm diameter hole in a plate that is 20 mm thick? 2
The shear strength of the material of the plate is 350 MPa.
7 Define Poisson’s Ration. 2
8 A horizontal bar of negligible mass hinged at A assumed rigid, is supported by a bronze 5
rod 2 m long and a steel rod 1m long. Compute the stress in each rod Take cross-sectional
area for steel and bronze 600 mm^2 and 300 mm^2 respectively and Young’s Modulus
200 GPa and 83 GPa respectively.

9 A rigid Platform shown in figure has negligible mass and rests on two steel bars, each 5
250 mm long. The central aluminum bar is 249.9 mm long. Compute the stress in the
aluminum bar after the load of 400kN is applied. The area of cross-section for each steel
 bar is 1200 mm^2 and E= 200GPa. For the aluminum bar area of cross-section is 2400
mm^2 and E= 70GPa.

10 A circular section of 65 mm diameter is subjected to a pull of 70kN. The measured 5

extension on gauge of 100 mm is 0.1 mm and changes in diameter is 0.004 mm. calculate
i) Young’s modulus
ii) Poisson’s ratio
11 Derive an expression for rectangular taper bar of length L and thickness t subjected to 5
axial force P, where a and b are major and minor dimension in cross-section.
12 Draw stress-strain curve for Ductile and Brittle material. Discuss the differences in both 5
the graphs.
13 Give classification of engineering materials. 5
14 Derive an expression for circular taper rod of length ‘L’ subjected to axial force P, where 5
‘D’ and ‘d’ are major and minor dimension in cross-section.
15 A steel tube of 30 mm external diameter and 20 mm internal diameter encloses a copper 10
rod of 15 mm diameter to which it is rigidly joined at each end. If at a temperature of 10
degrees Celsius there is no longitudinal stress, calculate the stresses in the rod and tube
when the temperature is raised to 200 degrees Celsius. Take E for steel and copper as 2.1
x 105 N/mm2 and 1 x 105 N/mm2 respectively. αs = 11 x 10-6 per degree Celsius , αc =
18 x 10-6 per degree Celsius
16 A metallic bar 300 mm x 120 mm x 50 mm is loaded as shown in Fig. Find the change 10
in volume. Take E = 2 x 105 N/mm2 and Poisson's ratio = 0.30. Also find the change that
should be made in 4.5 MN load, in order that there should be no change in the volume of
the bar.

17 At room temperature of 20℃, a 0.5 mm gap exists between the ends of rods as shown in 10
figure. At a later time when the temperature reaches 140℃,determine stresses and the
change in length of both the rods. Assume-
𝐸𝑠 = 190 𝐺𝑃𝑎, 𝛼𝑠 = 12 × 10−6 𝑝𝑒𝑟 ℃, 𝐴𝑠 = 400 𝑚𝑚2 𝑎𝑛𝑑
𝐸𝐴𝑙 = 70 𝐺𝑃𝑎, 𝛼𝐴𝑙 = 23 × 10−6 𝑝𝑒𝑟 ℃, 𝐴𝐴𝑙 = 800 𝑚𝑚2 .
18 A member ABCD is subjected to point loads P1, P2, P3, P4 as shown in fig. calculate 10
the force P2 necessary for equilibrium, if P1 = 45 KN, P3 = 450 KN and P4 = 139 KN.
Determine the total elongation of the member, assuming the modulus of elasticity to be
2.1 x 105 N/mm2 .

19 A rectangular bar of metal 100𝑚𝑚×50 𝑚𝑚 𝑖𝑠 250 𝑚𝑚 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔. It carries tensile load of 10

500 kN if direction of its length, 2000 kN compressive on 100 𝑚𝑚×250 𝑚𝑚 faces and
1000 kN tensile on the 50 𝑚𝑚×250 𝑚𝑚. Take 𝜇=0.3, 𝐸=210 𝐺𝑃𝑎. Find the change in
the volume of bar.
20 Determine the support reactions at A and D when an axial load of 5kN is acting at B and 10
another axial load of 7kN is acting at C of the rod. Note that there is a gap of 0.3m
between the face of rod and the rigid support D. Take E = 200GPa.

21 At room temperature of 20°C, a 0.5 mm gap exists between the ends of rods shown in 10
Fig. At a later time when the temperature reaches 140°C, determine- (i) normal stress in
aluminum (ii) the exact length of aluminum rod.
Take for aluminum:
𝐴𝑎𝑙 = 2000 𝑚𝑚2 , 𝐸𝑎𝑙 = 70𝐺𝑃𝑎, 𝛼𝑎𝑙 = 23 × 10−6 𝑝𝑒𝑟 ℃
Take for steel:
𝐴𝑠 = 800 𝑚𝑚2 , 𝐸𝑠 = 190 𝐺𝑃𝑎, 𝛼𝑠 = 18 × 10−6 𝑝𝑒𝑟 ℃
 Module 2: Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagram
Sr.
Question Marks
No
1 Explain the terms shear force and bending moment as applied to beams. 2
2 Explain the sign conventions used in calculation of shear force and bending moment at 2
a section of a beam.
3 What is sagging and hogging in bending moments. Give its sign conventions. 2
4 Draw shear force diagram for a simply supported beam with no load acting on it. 2
5 Where the maximum bending moment for the beam shown in the below figure, lies at? 2
Specify the distance from the end B.

6 What is point of contra flexure? 2

7 What is the significance of SFD and BMD? 2
8 Draw SFD and BMD for given simply supported beam with UVL. 5

9 Draw Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagram for the beam shown- 5

10 Draw SFD and BMD for the beam shown below. 5

11 Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams for cantilever the beam carrying 5
point load at its free end.
12 Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams for simply supported beam carrying 5
UDL on its full span.
13 Draw SFD and BMD for cantilever beam with a UDL of intensity W N/m. 5
14 Draw SFD and BMD for over hanged beam. 5

15 For a beam loaded as shown in figure, calculate the value of UDL, ‘w’, so that bending 10
moment at point C is 50kNm. Draw SFD, BMD. Locate the point of contraflexure if any.

16 Draw Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagram for the beam shown. 10

17 Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams for the beam of span 10 m long 10
shown in fig.

18 Draw the shear force and bending moment diagram of the beam loaded as shown in fig. 10
Determine the point of contra flexure if any.

19 A cantilever of length 6m carries two point loads of 2kN and 3kN at a distance of 1m 10
and 6m from the fixed end respectively. In addition to this the beam also carries a
uniformly distributed load of 1kN/m over a length of 2m at a distance of 3m from the
fixed end. Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams.
20 Draw Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagram for the beam shown- 10

21 A beam AB of length 7m is simply supported at two supports 5m distance apart with an 10

overhang of 2m on right side of the beam. The beam carries a UVL of 6kN/m at left end
to zero kN/m at right end of beam and point load of 4 kN at the right end of overhang
part. Draw the SFD and BMD. Also locate the maximum bending moment.
 Module 3: Stress in Beams
Sr.
Question Marks
No
1 What is section modulus? 2
2 Find the moment of inertia of a section about an axis passing through centroid. 2

3 State assumptions made in deriving the flexure formula. 2

4 Find the moment of inertia of a section about an axis passing through centroid. 2

5 Derive an expression for section modulus of uniform hollow circular section. 2

6 State and explain theorem of parallel axes for moment of inertia. 2
7 Write the flexural equation and explain each term. 2
8 Derive Flexure Formula for beam under bending due to transverse loading. 5
9 A rectangular beam 300 mm deep is simply supported over a span of 4 metres. Determine 5
the uniformly distributed load per metre which the beam may carry, if the bending stress
should not exceed 120 N/mm2 . Take I = 8 x 106 mm4 .
10 The cross section of a beam is a hollow rectangle as shown in Fig. The shear force is 40 5
kN. Draw the shear stress variation diagram.

11 The cross-section of a beam is T-section with flange 150 mm wide and 30 mm deep and 5
web 25 mm wide, 30 mm deep. It is subjected to a vertical shearing force of 80 kN. Plot
the variation of shear stress across the cross-section of the beam. What is the ratio of the
maximum shear stress to the mean shear stress?
12 The tension flange of a cast iron I-section beam is 200 mm wide and 40 mm deep, the 5
compression flange is 80 mm and 20 mm deep and the web is 300 mm x 30 mm.
Determine the load per meter run which can be carried over a span of 3 m by a simply
supported beam if the maximum permissible stresses are 80 MPa in compression and 30
MPa in tension.
13 A beam is of T-section, flanges 135mm x 12mm and web 120mm x 15mm. It is subjected 5
to a sheer force of 29kN. Draw shear stress distribution across the depth marking values
at salient points.
14 Show that the maximum shear stress in a beam of circular section is 4/3 times the average 5
shear stress.
15 A cast iron beam is of I section as shown in fig. The beam is simply supported on a span 10
of 5 meters. If the tensile stress is not to exceed 20 N/mm2, find the safe uniformly
supported load which the beam can carry. Find also the maximum compression stress.

16 Calculate maximum bending and shear stress induced in cast iron pipe of external 10
diameter 40 mm and internal diameter 20 mm of length 4m, when it is simply supported
at the ends. The pipe carries a central load of 100kN. Draw bending stress and shear
stress distribution across the cross-section.
17 A T-section of a simply supported beam has the width of flange = 100 mm, over all depth 10
= 100 mm, thickness of flange and stem = 20 mm. For the above T -section calculate the
shear stress at neutral axis and at the junction of web and flange when shear force of 50
kN is acting on beam.

18 A timber beam of rectangular section is to support a load of 20 kN/m uniformly 10

distributed over a span of 3.6 m, when the beam is simply supported. If the depth of the
section is to be twice the breadth and the stress in the timber is not exceed 7 N/mm2, find
the breadth and depth of the cross section.
19 A simply supported beam, with a span of 1.3 m and a rectangular cross-section of 150 10
mm wide and 250 mm deep, carries a concentrated load of W at the center. If the
 allowable stresses are 7MPa for bending and 1 MPa for shear, what is value of the safe
load W. Also draw bending stress and shear stress distribution diagrams.
20 A timber beam 150 mm wide and 200 mm deep is to be reinforced with two steel side 10
plates 12.5 mm by 140 mm as shown in figure. If allowable stress in timber is 6 MP,
what is the maximum stress in steel? Take Es = 20 Ew. Also draw the bending stress
variation across the cross-section.

21 A T-section of a simply supported beam has the width of flange = 100 mm, over all 10
depth = 100 mm, thickness of flange and stem = 20 mm. Determine the maximum
bending stress in beam when the sagging bending moment of 12 kNm is acting on the

section.
 Subject: SEM-III-Mechanics of Materials
Module 4: Torsion and Deflection of beams
Sr.
Question Marks
No
1 State the assumptions made in theory of pure torsion. 2
2 State the equation of pure torsion. Explain each term in it. 2
3 What is Polar moment of inertia? 2
4 Give expression for Polar Moment of inertia of Hollow Circular section. 2
5 What is polar section modulus? 2
6 Give expression for Polar Moment of inertia of rectangular cross-section. 2
7 What is pure torsion? 2
8 Find the maximum shear stress in a solid circular shaft of diameter 15cm when the 5
shaft transmits 150kW power at 180rpm.
9 Derive the torsion equation and explain each term in it. 5
10 Find the maximum power that can be transmitted by a 50 mm diameter shaft at 200 5
rpm, if the permissible shear stress for the shaft material is 60 MPa.
11 Derive an expression for deflection at free end of a cantilever beam carrying load W at 5
the free end.
12 A hollow circular shaft of 80 mm internal diameter and 150 mm external diameter is 5
subjected to a torque of 70 kNm. Find maximum shear stress developed.
13 The angle of twist of a 5.5 m length of solid circular shaft whose diameter is 90 mm 5
is observed to be 3.44O when the shaft is rotating at 4Hz. If G = 80 GPa, find the
power transmitted by the shaft.
14 What is Torsional rigidity for a shaft? Also define polar moment of inertia for cross- 5
section of shaft.
15 A hollow shaft of internal diameter 0.75 times the external diameter transmits 80 kW 10
at 70 RPM. The maximum torque is 15% greater than mean torque. Find maximum
shear stress and angle of twist per meter length of the shaft. External diameter of the
shaft is 120 mm. Take G = 83 GPa.
16 A 3 m long hollow shaft should transmit 150 kW at 2 rev per second. The maximum 10
torque is 20% greater than mean torque. The shear stress is not to exceed 60 MPa and
twist must not exceed 2° Calculate the external and internal diameters which would
satisfy both the above conditions. Take G = 83 GPa.
17 A solid shaft is required to transmit 330 kW at 120 rpm. The shear stress in the material 10
must not exceed 80 MPa, find the diameter of the shaft required. If the above shaft is
to be replaced by a hollow are with diameter ratio 3:5 and max shear stress remaining
unchanged, calculate the percentage saving in weight that could be obtained.
18 Using Macaulay’s method, determine maximum deflection and slope at A and B. Take 10
EI = constant.
19 An overhang beam ABC is loaded as shown in fig. Find the slopes at each support and 10
at right end. Also find the deflection at the right end. E = 2 x 105 N/mm2 and I = 5 x
108 mm4 15kN
A B C

4m 2m

20 Find the deflection of point C for the beam as shown in figure 10

21 A composite step shaft of uniform material consists of three sections as shown in figure. 10
Determine the maximum safe torque which can be applied at C if the permissible shear
stress is 30MPa. Also fine the fixing torques at the ends.

Module 5: Compound Stress and Theories of Failure

Sr.
Question Marks
No
1 What are Principal Planes? 2
2 How maximum shear stress is represented in Mohr Circle? 2
3 What are principal stresses? 2
4 Find the Maximum shear stress for following state of stress. 2
5 In Mohr circle method, what does X and Y axes represent? How do you represent 2
maximum shear stress on the circle.
6 Find the Maximum shear stress for following state of stress. 2

7 Name the different theories of failures. 2

8 Explain Mohr circle method to locate principal planes and Principal Stress. 5
9 What is the necessity of theories of failures? Name the different theories of failures. 5
10 Explain Maximum Normal Stress theory of failure. 5
11 Explain Maximum Shear Stress theory of failure. 5
12 Explain Distortion Energy theory of failure. 5
13 A body id subjected to a tensile stress of 1200 MPa on one plane and another tensile 5
stress of 600 MPa on a plane at right angles to previous one. It is also subjected to a
shear stress of 400 MPa on the same planes. Calculate the maximum normal stress.
14 Find the Maximum Normal and Maximum shear stress for following state of stress. Also 5
fine the location of principal planes.

15 Direct stresses of 120 N/mm2 tensile and 90 N/mm2 compression exist on two 10
perpendicular planes at a certain point in a body. They are also accompanied by a shear
stress on the planes. The greatest principal stress at the point due to these in 150 N/mm2
a. What must be the magnitude of the shearing stresses on the two planes?
b. What will be the maximum shearing stress at the point?

16 Two mutually perpendicular planes of an element of material are subjected to tensile 10

stress of 105 MPa compressive stress of 35 MPa and shear stress of 70 MPa. Find
graphically or analytically-
(i) Magnitude and direction of principal stresses
(ii) Magnitude of the normal and the shear stresses on a plane on which shear stress is
maximum.
17 At a point in a strained material the stresses on the two mutually perpendicular planes 10
are 80 MPa tensile and 50 MPa compressive, accompanied by shear stress of 30 MPa.
Find the normal, tangential and the resultant stress intensities on a plane at 60o to the
plane carrying the tensile stress. Also determine the principal stresses, value of
maximum shear stress and their directions.
18 The state of stress at a point in a strained material is as shown in figure. Determine: 10
a. The direction of principal planes
b. The magnitude of principal stress
c. Magnitude of maximum shear stress

19 At a point in a material under stress, the intensity of the resultant stress on a certain 10
plane 50 MPa (tensile) at 30O to the normal of that plane. The stress on a plane at right
angles to this plane has a tensile component og 30 MPa. Find,
a. The resultant stress on second plane
b. The principal planes and stresses
c. Plane os maximum shear in its intensity.

20 An elemental cube is subjected to tensile stresses of 30 MPa acting on two mutually 10

perpendicular planes and a shear stress of 10 MPa on these planes. Draw Mohr’s circle
and hence or otherwise determine the magnitude and directions of principal stresses and
also maximum shear stress.
21 The state of stress at a point in a strained member is shown in Fig. Determine Principal 10
stresses and principal planes at this point. Also determine maximum shear stress and
planes carrying maximum shear stress. Also find normal and shear stress on a plane that
makes 40° with the plane carrying normal stress 120 MPa.
 Module 6: Application of stresses in cylinders, shells and columns
Sr.
Question Marks
No
1 What is slenderness ratio? 2
2 State assumption made in Euler’s theory for crippling load of column. 2
3 What are long columns? 2
4 Calculate the thickness of hemispherical ends required if the thickness of cylindrical 2
portion of the thin shell is 8 mm.
5 What is radius of gyration? 2
6 Define Hoop stress and Longitudinal stress in thin cylinders. 2
7 What are thin cylinders? 2
8 A cylindrical shell is 3m long and 1.2m in diameter having thickness 12mm. It is 5
subjected to an internal pressure of 1.8 MPa. Calculate the change in dimensions and
the volume of the shell. Take E=210 GPa and µ=0.3.
9 A rectangular column of 230 mm x 350 mm and 4 m long used as a column. If one 5
end is hinged and other is fixed, find the safe load the column can carry if FOS is 2.5.
Use Euler's formula. Take E = 200 GPa.
10 State limitations of Euler’s formula for crippling load on a long column. 5
11 What is equivalent length of column? Give the ration of equivalent length of the 5
column and the actual length of column with various end conditions.
12 Derive an expression for Hoop stress and Longitudinal stress in thin cylinders. 5
13 A spherical shell of radius 600 mm has a wall thickness of 6 mm. Determine maximum 5
stress caused due to internal pressure of 0.8 MPa. Take E= 210 GPa and poisons ratio
as 0.3.
14 A 600 mm diameter pipe contains a fluid at a pressure of 2 MPa. If the safe stress in 5
tension is 120 MPa, find the minimum thickness of pipe required.
15 A hollow cylindrical cast iron column has outer diameter 250 mm and inner diameter 10
200 mm. The column length is 5 m fixed at both the ends. What is the slenderness
ratio of the column? Calculate safe load by Rankine's approach. Take factor of safety
as 4. Compare Rankine's critical load with Euler's critical load. The crushing stress for
its material is 550 MPa, E = 8 X 104 MPa and α=1⁄1600.
16 A cylindrical vessel with hemispherical ends is 1m long on its cylinder portion and 10
has 0.5m diameter. The thickness of cylindrical portion is 6 mm. Taking internal
pressure as 1 MPa, E=200 GPa and µ=0.3. Determine:
i. Thickness of spherical section.
ii. Change in the volume vessel.
17 The cross-section of a column, 4m long and hinged at both ends is as shown in figure. 10
Find the buckling load by-
i. Euler’s formula
ii. Rankine’s formula
Take E= 200 GPa and fc = 320 MPa and α=1⁄7500.
18 A column of effective length ‘L’ can be made by securely nailed together 3 identical 10
planks as shown in figure. Determine the ratio of buckling load for both arrangements.

19 A cylindrical shell one meter in diameter and 3 meters long has metal thickness of 10 10
mm. If it is subjected to an internal pressure of 3 MPa, determine the change in length,
diameter and volume.
Take E = 210 GPa and Poisson’s ratio = 0.3.
20 A cylindrical shell is 3 m long and 1 m in dimeter is subjected to an internal pressure 10
of 1 MPa. If the thickness of the shell is 12 mm. Find the circumferential and
longitudinal stresses. Also fine the maximum shear stress and change in dimensions
of the shell.
Take E = 200 GPa and Poisson’s ratio = 0.3.
21 a. Calculate the bursting pressure for a cold drawn seamless steel cylindrical shell of 10
60 mm inside diameter and 2 mm wall thickness. Ultimate Strength of steel is 380
MPa.
b. What is joint efficiency in shells and how it affects the strength?