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Science-Grade 8
Learner Activity Sheets
Quarter 1- Week 4a: Effect of Temperature to Speed of Sound

First Edition, 2021

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Development Team of the Learners’ Activity Sheets

Writer: Antonina B. Camingue

Regional Validators: Edna E. Trinidad, EdD

Jomel C. Montero
Ma. Cristina G. Ballesteros
Lovie Kim P. Ocura
Eugene D. Manulat

Division Validators: Gersim S. Lumintac

Azucena L. Simbol
Alberto M. Orias, Jr.
Annieliz R. Villacorta

Management Team:
Ma. Teresa M. Real, Schools Division Superintendent
Leonevee V. Silvosa, CESE , Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
Dominico P. Larong Jr., CID Chief
Gemma L. Pullos PhD., LR Manager
Gersim S. Lumintac PhD., Science Education Program Supervisor

Author: Antonina B. Camingue

School/Station: Balite National High School
Page 0
Division: Surigao del Norte
email address: [email protected]
 WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS
Science 8, Quarter 1, Week 4a

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE TO SPEED OF SOUND

Name: ___________________________________________ Section: ____________________

Most Essential Learning Competency

Investigate the effect of temperature to the speed of sound. (MELC Week4)

Learning Objectives:

The learners shall be able to:

1. determine the effect of temperature on the speed of sound;
2. describe the relationship between temperature and the speed of sound; and
3. calculate the speed of sound.

Time Allotment: 2 hours

Key Concepts
 Sound is a disturbance that carries energy and travels through a medium. It is
produced by vibrations in the medium through which it travels. The medium can be
solid, liquid or gas.

 As you speak, vibrations are produced by the vocal cords inside the throat.
You can hear the vibrations when sound waves reach your ear. When an object
vibrates, it creates sound energy.

 Sound energy travels in the form of sound waves. These waves are examples
of longitudinal waves where the vibrations are parallel to the direction of the wave.
They are also known as mechanical waves since sound waves need a medium in
order to propagate.

 These media can either be solids, liquids or gases. Sound waves travel
fastest in solids and slowest in gases.

 Density refers to the ratio of mass and volume of a substance. Denser objects have
more mass per volume, and they have more compact atoms and molecules.
Sound travel in denser materials provided they have the same elastic properties.

 Elasticity is the tendency of a material to return to its original shape after being
deformed when force is applied on it. Sound can travel faster through media with
higher elasticity than through low elasticity. In general, solids are more elastic than
liquids and gases. Thus, sound travels fastest in solids and slowest in gases.

 Speed of sound refers to how fast the disturbance travels in the medium. It is the
distance that the disturbance travels per unit of time. Its speed through the medium
is affected by some factors. One of the factors is temperature.

 When sound travels through dry air, its speed increases by 0.6 m/s per 10C increase
in temperature.

Author: Antonina B. Camingue

School/Station: Balite National High School
Page 1
Division: Surigao del Norte
email address: [email protected]
  The speed of sound at a certain temperature in air can be computed using the
formula: v = 331m/s + 0.6m/s/oC (T). Where v is the speed of sound in air, 331 m/s
is the speed of sound at 00C, 0.6m/s/oC is the increase in speed of sound per oC
increase in temperature, and T is the temperature of air.

To solve for v;

Example 1

Problem: What is the speed of sound in air of temperature 250C?

Solution:

Given: T = 250C

Equation: v = 331 m/s + 0.6 m/s (T) substitute the given value of T and simplify
0C

Solution: v = 331 m/s + 0.6 m/s (250C) multiply 25 and 0.6

0C

v = 331 m/s + 15 m/s add 331 and 15

v = 346 m/s

Example 2

Problem: What is the speed of sound in the air if the temperature is 300C?

Given: T = 300C

Solution: v = 331 m/s + (0.6 m/s) . T

0C

= 331 m/s + (0.6 m/s) . 300C substitute the given value of T and simplify
0C

= 331 m/s + (18 m/s) multiply 30 and 0.6 and add the product to 331

v = 349 m/s

The speed of sound in air at 300C is approximately 349 m/s.

 Sound energy travels from one particle to another. As the temperature increases, the
particles vibrate faster resulting to more collisions per unit time. With more collisions
per unit time, sound energy is transferred more efficiently, and travel quickly.

 The refraction of sound waves involves a change in the direction of waves as they
pass from one medium to another. Sound waves travel slower in cooler air than
in warmer air. When a sound wave propagates in the air with temperature which
changes with altitude, refraction happens.

Author: Antonina B. Camingue

School/Station: Balite National High School
Page 2
Division: Surigao del Norte
email address: [email protected]
  The speed of sound is greater in hot air than it is in cold air. This is because the
molecules of air are moving faster and the vibrations of the sound wave can therefore
be transmitted faster. This means that when sound travels from hot air to cold air or
from cold air to hot air it will refract.

Credit: schoolphysics.co.uk

Figure 1. On a hot day, the air near the ground is hot so the sound wave bends upward
from the hot air into the cold air.

Credit: schoolphysics.co.uk
Figure 2. On a cold night, the air near the ground is cold and so the sound wave bends
downward.

 Speed of sound is directly affected by the temperature of the medium. The hotter
the medium, the faster the sound travels.

Author: Antonina B. Camingue

School/Station: Balite National High School
Page 3
Division: Surigao del Norte
email address: [email protected]
 Activity 1: Picture Clue: Temperature and Speed of Sound

Objective:
Determine the effect of temperature on the speed of sound.

What you need:

picture of different areas

What to do:
1. Observe carefully the illustration below. What do you see?
Take note of the different air temperature given in Table 1.
2. Study the illustration and the table, then write your answer in a separate sheet
of paper.

Credit: nde-ed.org/Physics Credit: nde-ed.org/Physics

Figure 3. At 450C Figure 4. At 210C

Credit: nde-ed.org/Physics
Figure 5. At -10C

Figure 3-5. Air temperature of different areas with different speed of sound

Table 1. Air temperature vs. Speed of sound

Air temperature Speed of sound

450C 358. 0 m/s
210C 343. 6 m/s
-10C 330.4 m/s

Guide Questions:

1. What is the speed of sound at the lowest temperature given in the table?
_________________________________________________________________
2. What is the speed of sound at the highest temperature given in the table?
_________________________________________________________________

3. At what temperature does sound travel the slowest? ____________________

4. At what temperature does sound travel fastest? ________________________

5. How does temperature affect the speed of sound?

_________________________________________________________________________

Author: Antonina B. Camingue

School/Station: Balite National High School
Page 4
Division: Surigao del Norte
email address: [email protected]
 Activity 2: When does sound travel faster?

Objective:
Describe the relationship between temperature and the speed of sound.

What you need:

pencil, ruler

What to do:
1. The table below shows the speed of sound in air.
2. Locate the corresponding points of the speed of sound and its
temperature on the graph.

Table 2. Speed of sound in air

Temperature in oC (Dry Air) Speed of Sound in m/s

0 331
5 334
10 337
20 343
30 349
44 357

360

355

350
S SpeSpeed of sound (m/s)

345

340

335

330

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Temperature (oC)

Guide Questions: Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.

1. How do you describe the shape of your graph?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

2. Based on the graph, how does temperature affect the speed of sound?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

3. How is the speed of sound related to the temperature of the medium?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Author: Antonina B. Camingue

School/Station: Balite National High School
Page 5
Division: Surigao del Norte
email address: [email protected]
 Activity 3: Solving for v

Objective:
Calculate the speed of sound.

What you need:

pen, paper, calculator

What to do:
1. Using the formula v = 331m/s + 0.6m/s/oC (T), calculate the speed of sound.
2. Show your complete solution in a separate sheet of paper and attach here.

a. Using the given equation, compute the speed of sound when air is at room
temperature and when air is at freezing temperature.

Given: air at room temperature = 250C, air at freezing = 00C

At 250C At 00C

Unknown: Unknown:

Formula: Formula:

Solution: Solution:

Answer: Answer:

Guide Questions: Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.

1. Based on the computation above, what is the effect of temperature to the

speed of sound?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

2. At what temperature do the particles of air vibrate faster?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

3. At what temperature do the particles of air vibrate slower?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Author: Antonina B. Camingue

School/Station: Balite National High School
Page 6
Division: Surigao del Norte
email address: [email protected]
 Reflection

Give practical applications of the effect of temperature to the speed of sound in real-life
situation. Write your 5-sentence answer in a separate sheet of paper.
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

Rubric for Scoring

3 points Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the

concepts, and has no misconception.

2 points Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the

concepts but with minimal misconception.

1 point Practical application is explained consistent to the concepts but

with misconceptions.

References for learners:

Abecilla, Nesjohn L., et. al. 2014. Conceptual Science and Beyond 8. Quezon City: Brilliant
Creations Publishing, Inc.

Campo, Pia C., et.al. 2013. Science 8 Learner’s Module. Pasig City: Department of
Education

Campo, Pia C., et.al. 2013. Science 8 Teacher’s Guide. Pasig City: Department of
Education

Online Resources:

https://www.schoolphysics.co.uk/age11-14/Sound/text/Refraction_of_sound/index.html
https://www.nde-ed.org/Physics/Sound/tempandspeed.xhtml

Author: Antonina B. Camingue

School/Station: Balite National High School
Page 7
Division: Surigao del Norte
email address: [email protected]
 email address: [email protected]
Division: Surigao del Norte
Page 8
School/Station: Balite National High School
Author: Antonina B. Camingue
Activity 3
a.
Given: T = 25 ºC
Unknown: v room temperature =?
Formula: v = 331m/s + 0.6m/s/oC (T)
Solution: v = 331m/s + 0.6m/s/oC (25 ºC)
Answer: v = 346 m/s
b.
Given: T = 0 ºC
Unknown: v room temperature =?
Formula: v = 331m/s + 0.6m/s/oC (T)
Solution: v = 331m/s + 0.6m/s/oC (0 ºC)
Answer: v = 331 m/s
Guide Questions:
1. The higher the temperature, the faster the speed of sound.
The lower the temperature, the slower the speed of sound .
2. at room temperature
3. at freezing point
Guide questions
1. The higher the temperature, the faster the speed of sound.
The lower the temperature, the slower the speed of sound.
Activity 2
Note: Check if the data in the
table is accurately plotted (as temperature
increases, the speed of sound increases)
Guide Questions
1. Straight line graph (slanting to the right)
2. As the temperature increases, the speed of sound
increases.
3. Speed of sound is directly proportional to the
temperature.
Activity 1
Guide Questions
1. 330.4 m/s
2. 358.0 m/s
3. - 1 ºC
4. 45 ºC
5. The higher the temperature, the faster the speed of sound.
The lower the temperature, the slower the speed of sound
Answer Key