Data Analytics

Tushar B. Kute,
http://tusharkute.com
Data Analysis

• Data analysis is defined as a process of cleaning,

transforming, and modeling data to discover
useful information for business decision-
making.
• The purpose of Data Analysis is to extract useful
information from data and taking the decision
based upon the data analysis.
Data Analysis – Types

• There are several types of Data Analysis

techniques that exist based on business and
technology.
• However, the major Data Analysis methods are:
– Text Analysis
– Statistical Analysis
– Diagnostic Analysis
– Predictive Analysis
– Prescriptive Analysis
Descriptive Analytics

• Descriptive analytics helps answer questions about what

happened. These techniques summarize large datasets
to describe outcomes to stakeholders.
• By developing key performance indicators (KPIs,) these
strategies can help track successes or failures. Metrics
such as return on investment (ROI) are used in many
industries.
• Specialized metrics are developed to track performance
in specific industries. This process requires the collection
of relevant data, processing of the data, data analysis
and data visualization. This process provides essential
insight into past performance.
Diagnostic analytics

• Diagnostic analytics helps answer questions about why

things happened. These techniques supplement more basic
descriptive analytics.
• They take the findings from descriptive analytics and dig
deeper to find the cause. The performance indicators are
further investigated to discover why they got better or
worse. This generally occurs in three steps:
– Identify anomalies in the data. These may be unexpected
changes in a metric or a particular market.
– Data that is related to these anomalies is collected.
– Statistical techniques are used to find relationships and
trends that explain these anomalies.
Predictive analytics

• Predictive analytics helps answer questions about

what will happen in the future. These techniques
use historical data to identify trends and determine
if they are likely to recur.
• Predictive analytical tools provide valuable insight
into what may happen in the future and its
techniques include a variety of statistical and
machine learning techniques, such as: neural
networks, decision trees, and regression.
Prescriptive analytics

• Prescriptive analytics helps answer questions about

what should be done. By using insights from
predictive analytics, data-driven decisions can be
made.
• This allows businesses to make informed decisions
in the face of uncertainty. Prescriptive analytics
techniques rely on machine learning strategies that
can find patterns in large datasets.
• By analyzing past decisions and events, the
likelihood of different outcomes can be estimated.
Methods

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Cluster analysis

• The action of grouping a set of data elements in a

way that said elements are more similar (in a
particular sense) to each other than to those in
other groups – hence the term ‘cluster.’
• Since there is no target variable when clustering,
the method is often used to find hidden patterns in
the data. The approach is also used to provide
additional context to a trend or dataset.
Cohort analysis

• This type of data analysis method uses historical data

to examine and compare a determined segment of
users' behavior, which can then be grouped with
others with similar characteristics.
• By using this data analysis methodology, it's possible
to gain a wealth of insight into consumer needs or a
firm understanding of a broader target group.
• Cohort analysis can be really useful to perform
analysis in marketing as it will allow you to
understand the impact of your campaigns on specific
groups of customers.
Regression analysis

• The regression analysis uses historical data to

understand how a dependent variable's value is
affected when one (linear regression) or more
independent variables (multiple regression) change
or stay the same.
• By understanding each variable's relationship and
how they developed in the past, you can anticipate
possible outcomes and make better business
decisions in the future.
Neural networks

• The neural network forms the basis for the

intelligent algorithms of machine learning.
• It is a form of data-driven analytics that attempts,
with minimal intervention, to understand how the
human brain would process insights and predict
values.
• Neural networks learn from each and every data
transaction, meaning that they evolve and advance
over time.
Factor analysis

• The factor analysis, also called “dimension

reduction,” is a type of data analysis used to
describe variability among observed, correlated
variables in terms of a potentially lower number of
unobserved variables called factors.
• The aim here is to uncover independent latent
variables, an ideal analysis method for streamlining
specific data segments.
Data Mining

• A method of analysis that is the umbrella term for

engineering metrics and insights for additional
value, direction, and context.
• By using exploratory statistical evaluation, data
mining aims to identify dependencies, relations,
data patterns, and trends to generate and advanced
knowledge.
• When considering how to analyze data, adopting a
data mining mindset is essential to success - as such,
it’s an area that is worth exploring in greater detail.
Text analysis

• Text analysis, also known in the industry as text

mining, is the process of taking large sets of
textual data and arranging it in a way that
makes it easier to manage.
• By working through this cleansing process in
stringent detail, you will be able to extract the
data that is truly relevant to your business and
use it to develop actionable insights that will
propel you forward.
Data Analysis Techniques

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 Thank you
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