PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL JEDDAH ENGLISH

SECTION
Answer Key Final-Term Exam Review 2021- 22

CANDIDATE NAME: Grade:

Y7_________

______________________________________________________________________________
Pakistan Studies
Session: I: P1: History 75 Minutes
Session: II: P2: Geography 75 Minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

For Examiner’s Use
Write your name in the given space along with your
Paper Total Marks Obt. Marks
student code.
P1 35
Answer all questions.
P2 35
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end

of each question or part of question. Total 70

Examiner’s Signature: ___________________
Percentage %

Moderator’s Signature: __________________

Invigilator’s Signature: __________________

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This document consists of printed pages including the cover page. [Turn over]

Chapters of First Term

History
Chap 1: The Decline of Mughals (including Textbook & booklet provided as resource)

Chap 6: The Subcontinent after the war of Independence

Civics
Chap 14: The Value of Knowledge and Teachers

Chap 15: Dealing with Negative Feelings

Chap 16: Positive Thinking and Values

Geography
Chap 7: The Atmosphere

Chap 8: All About winds

Chap 10: Conservation of Natural Resources

Chapters of Final Term (IGCSE)

History
Chap 1: The Religious Scholars (Shah Wali Ullah , Syed Ahmed Barelvi , Haji Shariatullah)

Chap 2: Enter the British

Geography
Unit 1: Topography of Pakistan
Important Note:

This exam review is a thorough preparation of the Exam outline given .It is advised that this

should be done after reading, learning chapters from textbook .The child should do on his/her

own .The answer key will be shared once the student will be in school .This is exactly like the

exam pattern including Fill in the blanks, short questions, true and false, Timeline , close

paragraph, definitions ,critical thinking questions ,source based questions ,7 marks reasoning

questions ,4 marks facts based questions ,identifying pictures terms and maps. Revise all the

work done in manuscripts and booklets.

 SECTION A

Q1. Fill in the blanks. (25)

I. Shah Waliullah wrote 51 books in Persian and Arabic.

II. Shah Waliullah studied under the famous scholar Sheikh Abu Tahir
in Arabia.
III. Shah Waliullah’s real name was Qutub-ud-Din.
IV. He wrote letter to Ahmed Shah Abdali of Persia to intervene in battle of Panipat (1761)
against Marathas.
V. One of the Shah Waliullah’s most important contributions to the Muslim community
was his organization of opposition to the Marathas.

VI. Syed Ahmed Barelvi was born in 1786.

VII. SASB was more a man of action than scholar.

VIII. Syed Ahmed Barelvi moved to Delhi and enrolled in the Madrassa in 1806.

IX. Battle of Balakot was fought in 1831.

X. In 1821 he travelled to Arabia on pilgrimage and stayed there for 19 years.

XI. The Faraizi movement supported the idea of Jihad against the non-Muslims who were
undermining the true principles of Islam.
XII. In 1860 after death of Mohsin ud Din Faraizi Movement declined.
XIII. The Portuguese established a base in Goa in 1510.

XIV. In 1690 a trading post of EIC was established in Calcutta place.

XV. The Battle of Plassey took place in 1757.

XVI. Nadir Shah stole the famous Peacock throne.

XVII. Shah Alam 2 rule for 47 years.

Q2. Define the following terms:

i. Jihad:

A struggle in support of Muslims faith and its principle from improvement of elf or society.

ii.Sect:

A group of people with somewhat religious beliefs from those of larger group to which they
belong.

iii.Reformer:

A person who makes changes to something in order to improve it.

iv. Muhajhid:

A person who does Jihad (Mujahideen)

v:Dar Ul Harb:

An area where non-Muslim ruled.

VI: Knowledge:

It is the form of learning and education. It is the total sum of formal and informal learning.

Q3. Answer the following:

a. What major changes were observed after 1857, war of independence? (2)

This War brought changes in sub-continent.British brought final collapse of Mughal rule.It also
made them aware of Indian weakness and it helped them in governing strategies.It brought
differences among Hindus and Muslims .Most, importantly transfer of all power went to British
Queen/crown.
b. The World War II began in which year? (1)

1939

c.What is meant by term Faraiz?

Observation of Islamic duties.

d. When did the British introduce the Pitt’s India Act? (1)

1784

e. When did the British draw a line between Afghanistan and India and what is the border
known as today? (2)
In 1893, It is called Durand line.

f. When did the British annex Punjab and N.W.F.P? (1)

In 30th march 1849.

g. What was the name of the British General, who killed Tipu Sultan and annexed Mysore
state? (1)
Governer General Wellesely.

h. What was Suttee? (2)

It is Hindu custom performed by widow of Hindu husband She sacrifices herself either on her
husband’s dead funeral or in some other soon after his death.

i. Who was Titu Mir. (2)

He was great Bengali freedom fighter who led his people against the opposition of Zamindars
and British tyranny rule. After he came back from Makkah he established army to fight against
it.
j. Define Nationalism and what are the ways to promote it? (4)

We can define Nationalism as one’s love for his/her country. It tends to promote the
interests of a particular nation with aim of gaining and maintaining the sovereignty of the
nation. To promote value of Patriotism. We promote by organizing groups of people with
common interests and goal .Pay taxes ,follow rules, be united and productive to make the
country more stronger .

k. Define the term Instigator? (1)

prime mover, originator, initiating

Q4. What were the impacts/consequences of the World wars on the Indian Subcontinent?
(3)

The cost of going to war had destroyed India. As a British colony, all its wealth
was spent on financing the wars. Prices rose, inflation prevailed. India lost hundreds
of thousands of its men who were forced to serve as soldiers overseas. Indians lost thousands
of people. In addition, the indifference of the British to the Indians ‘plight’ disappointed the
Indians. As a result, many Nationalist erose against British and demanded freedom self-rule for
India.

SECTION B
Q1. Complete the timeline by writing the correct event. (6)

1703 Shah Waliullah was born.

1718 Shah Wali ullah father died and he joined Madrassa Rahimiya.

1724 Shah Wali ullah went to perform hajj.

1732 Shah Wali ullah returned from hajj from Arabia.

1762 Shah Waliullah died.

1806 Syed Ahmed came to Delhi and joined Madrassa Rahimya

1821 Syed Ahmed went for Hajj.

1823 Syed Ahmed returned from Arabia and ready to take action.

1826 Syed Ahmed established headquarters in Peshawar.

1827 Assumed Authority of Imam.

1831 Battle of Balakot .

1781 Haji shariatullah was born.

1799 Haji shariatullah travelled to Arabia and stayed for 19 years.

1840 Haji Shariatullah died.

1856 Nawab of Ouhd died.

1761 Battle of Panipat.

1857 War of independence took place.

1612 British were given permission to begin trade in India.

1799 Governer General Wellesley invaded Mysore and killed Tipu

Sultan.

1818 Marathas were defeated.

1852 Doctrine of Lapse.

1899 Romesh Dutt became the President of Congress.

Q2. Write true/false. If the statement is incorrect, write the correct answer.
a) After completing the studies, Shah Waliullah returned to Delhi in 1734.
_False ,1732_
b) The Ulama criticized Shah Waliullah, but his work proved very popular.
True
c) The EIC even had the audacity to go to war with Aurangzeb in 1686.
True
d) Titu Mir was a great Maratha freedom fighter.
False, Bengali
e) In 1784, the British government passed the “The Pitts India Act.”
True
f) The Muslims suffered religious restrictions under the rule of Ranjit Singh in Punjab.
True
g) Mohsin-ud-Din died in 1870.
False ,1860
h) Yar Muhammad Khan, a Pathan chief betrayed Syed Ahmed Barelvi.
True
i) Syed Ahmed Barelvi launched the Faraizi Movement.
False, Syed Ahmed launched Jihad movement.
Haji shariatullah launched Farazi movement.
j) Titu Mir real name was Syed Mir Nisar.
_True
k) i.Bahadur shah 1 succeeded Aurangzeb.
True
l) Mohammad Shah ruled the longest amongst the later Mughals.
False ,Shah Alam 2 ruled longest
m) Shah Jahan died in 1666 in Calcutta.
True
 Q3a. Fill in the blanks with the help of word box. (7)

Ulama Persian Titu Mir

Quranic Shah Rafi Arabic
Urdu Shah Abdul Qader
popular

Quranic
Shah Waliullah believed that an emphasis on teachings was vital to Muslims,
he translated Quran in Persian . Few Muslims spoke Arabic & so the Quran had not
widely studied previously. Now it could be understood by a larger number of Muslims. The

Ulama criticised Shah Waliullah, but his work proved very popular .
Later his two sons Shah Abdul Qader and Shah Rafi translated Quran in

Urdu , which meant that many more people could study it.

b.Complete the following paragraph. (5)

The realization was based on the fact that, despite being many in number, the Muslims of India
were going to remain a minority in comparison to the Hindus. The ratio of Muslims to Hindus
was 1:4 at that time. The Congress party wanted a unified India and claimed to represent
Indians regardless of their religions, but Muslim leaders viewed their policies and decisions as
damaging for Muslims.

Q4. Answer the following questions.

a. Explain the reasons why Shah Waliullah invited Ahmed Shah Abdali to come and
defeat the Marathas. (3)
One of Shah Waliullah’s important contributions to Muslim community was his organization in
opposing Marathas, the constant threat to Mughal Empire in the south. He realized Muslims
 should be united to deal with this threat, and that of the Sikhs who were attacking in the north.
He wrote to all Muslim nobles calling them in joining together to save the empire. In reply,
Ahmad Shah Abdali helped Muslims to face Marathas. He joined forces with local Muslim
leaders and defeated Marathas in the Battle field of Panipat in 1761.
b. What did Shah Waliullah think were the main cause of the problem of Muslims?

He believed that the weak leadership was not the only cause of decline; many problems of the
Muslims were due to incomplete knowledge of Quran and about Islam in general. One of the major
problems for the Muslim community was the way it was divided into sectarian groups, such as Sunni
and Shias. All political, social and economic behavior were not based on Islamic principles.
(4)

c. Write a short note on Battle of Balakot. (4)

Sikhs made a surprise attack on the forces of Syed Ahmed. The Battle of Balakot (1831) was a
fiercely contested one. Though the Mujahedeen had been taken by surprise by a much larger
Sikh army they fought bravely but were heavily outnumbered and unable to resist the Sikhs. Six
hundred mujahedeen soldiers were killed, including Syed Ahmed and his commander, Shah
Ismail.

d. Explain the reasons why he started the Jihad Movement? (4)

When SASB returned from Arabia in 1823, Punjab was under the control of the Sikh regime
of Ranjit Singh, who had also extended his authority into the North-West Frontier. The
Muslims suffered under Sikh rule because they were unable to carry out many of their
religious practices even the call to prayer was banned in some places. SASB thought that
was intolerable and decided that the Punjab was the place to launch his Jihad against non-
Muslim rulers.

e. Why did Syed Ahmad’s movement fail? (4)

Confronted by superior or stronger military force, division amongst Muslims, Betrayals by

Muslim army chiefs, and Disagreement over taxes.
 f.Why British arrested Mohsin- ud- Din? (4)

He carried his father’s movement further and introduced economic measures.Mohsin-ud-Din’s

opposition to the payment of taxes led to unrest in East Bengal, but he went even further and
threatened to declare a jihad against the British Government. The British arrested him and put
him in prison. After his death in 1860, the Faraizi Movement declined

g. Describe the battle of Plassey? (4)

In 1756, French encouraged the Nawab of Bengal Siraj-ud-Daula to attack the EIC base at
Calcutta. He captured the city, but was unable to keep control of it. In 1757 Robert Clive arrived
with a force of EIC soldiers and defeated Siraj-ud-Duala troops in the battle of Plassey. The
Nawab’s body was found in a river after the battle. Clive victory had been made easy by the
treachery of Daulat general Mir Jafar.

h. Who was Robert Clive? (4)

He was an intelligent, brave, corrupt and a greedy military Commander. He was
famous for his military expertise and had the courage to initiate new policies. He was corrupt
himself, as he exploited Bengal, but he maintained a very clear and honest image by trying to
make some reforms against corruption. Clive was loyal to his own country, but he exploited
Indians to an extend that he himself admitted it. Clive made huge profits & got personal favors
and benefits for himself, his country & British officials.
 i.Write short note on the struggles of any one of the following Nationalists of the

Freedom Movement. (4)

Chaudhary Rehmat Ali

The Ali Brothers

Ali brothers: They were pioneers of the struggle for freedom from British and Indian Muslim
activist who believed that India belonged to the Muslims and Hindus alike. They decided to
support Turkey in Word War 1, under the banner of Khilafat Movement. The Ali brothers were
the pioneers and advocates of the Khilafat Movement. They were deeply committed to their
cause and were willing to lay down their lives for it. They supported Turkey and started
advocated Khilafat movement. Khilafat movement coincided with non-cooperation movement.
At this point Hindu Muslim united and shook the foundations of British rule.

Chaudhary Rehmat Ali:

He was a Muslim Nationalist who supported the idea of a separate Homeland for Muslims and
strived to make it happen. He made headlinesin 1933 with his famous pamphlet ‘Now or never;
Are we here to live or perish forever?’.It was the time when he created awareness amongst the
Muslim nation and united them for this cause.This pamphlet was popularly named as Pakistan
Declaration.His struggle created foundation Muslim political stand.He was the one who coined
the name of Pakistan.

j.Why was Faraizi movement was influential for the Muslims? (7)

Refer to all points under the heading of influence on pg no 8 (answer should be in

3 paragraph).

(hint):

Faraizi Movement was influential for a number of reasons. It gave encouragement to

Muslims at a time when they were demoralized by the oppression of Hindus and British. It
brought about a spiritual revival which led to a revival in the Islamic religion in East Bengal. It
also had an important political & economic impact. The Bengal peasants became united & more
aware of their rights. It might be said that some of the seeds of Pakistan Movement were sown
by the Faraizi Movement.

K.Explain how influential was the work of Syed Ahmed Barelvi to the revival of

Islam In the subcontinent? (7)

Syed Ahmed had a great influence in the revival of Islam. He was the one to fight
against the foreign power and rule and to free Muslims from the tyranny of foreign rule.
through armed struggle. The defeat in Balakot was the serious setback for the Jihad Movement
but it struggle to survive in the North West Frontier .

Secondly,as a man of action, Syed Ahmad was an ideal person to act as leader to
work against the British power in India and to try to ensure that the Muslims were ruled by
fellow Muslims. Jihad movement was not aimed to place a particular person on a throne but it
brought back the religious and spiritual freedom of Muslims. The fact that Syed Ahmed and his
followers were prepared to die for their cause was an inspiration to many Muslims. Syed
Ahmed's efforts were an inspiration to all Muslims in defending their religion and culture.

Those Muslims who in the future worked for a separate independent state saw Syed Ahmed as
an example because even he wanted a separate independent state for the Muslims. the aim
was to liberate Muslim population from tyranny and oppression. He created political, religious
and spiritual status in Muslims. The Jihad Movement by many historians regarded as fore-
runner of The Pakistan Movement in India. His efforts were an inspiration to all Muslims

In defending their religion, their culture and their freedom.

Thirdly, Syed Ahmad’s Example continued to inspire the future Muslim

generations who later campaigned for the separate homeland saw Syed Ahmed as an example
as he also wanted a state based in Islamic principles. This movement is also regarded as a very
important move towards achieving an independent and separate state for Muslims even
though this was very ahead of that time.
explain what were the reasons behind the British success of conquering India? (7)

Refer to all points of pp # 18 (under the weakness of India and strength of British)
8 (answer should be in 3 paragraph). As done and discussed in class.

SECTION C

Q1. Do you agree, Syed Ahmed was a very suitable person to lead opposition to
the British? Explain why? (4)
As a man of action, he was an ideal person to act as a leader to work against British power in India

and to try to ensure that Muslims were ruled by fellow Muslims. He believed that the freedom of

Muslims could only come as a result of armed struggle against the foreign and non-Muslim forces

which were oppressing them. He believed that there was a need to end the evils that had corrupted

Islamic society.

Q2. In your opinion, why is Shah Waliullah an important figure in Pakistan’s

history? (4)
Shah Wali Ullah was one of the most important religious reformers of Subcontinent.

His influence continued long after his death. Not only his writings survived and
translated in many languages and Madrassa Rahimiya continued to flourish and create the
awareness of his works and teachings on Islam. Many future Islamic leaders were inspired
by him to fight for the good of Muslim community. He brought political, social, religious
and spiritual awareness amongst the Muslims.
 Source:
History has viewed Clive both as a courageous and resourceful Military
Commander who ultimately became an imperial statesman, and also as
greedy speculator who used his political and Military influence to a mass
a fortune at India’s expense.

Q3. According to this source, what sort of person was Robert Clive? (4)
He was an intelligent, brave, corrupt and a greedy military Commander. He was famous for his
military expertise and had the courage to initiate new policies. He was corrupt himself, as he
exploited Bengal, but he maintained a very clear and honest image by trying to make some
reforms against corruption. Clive was loyal to his own country, but he exploited Indians to an
extend that he himself admitted it. Clive made huge profits & got personal favors and benefits
for himself, his country & British officials.

Q4. Determine the value /Importance of a teacher? (4)

Teachers are a the most important members of our society. They give children
purpose, set them up for success as citizens of our world, and inspire in them a drive to do well,
and succeed in life. The children of today are the leaders of tomorrow, and teachers are that
critical point that makes a child ready for their future. Teachers have the ability to shape
leaders of the future in the best way for society to build positive and inspired future
generations and therefore design society, both on a local and global scale. Teachers provide the
power of education to today’s youth, thereby giving them the possibility for a better future.
Teachers developing moral values, future and character builder of the students, promote and
support students and discriminative.
Q5. Suggest the ways how would you nurture positive thinking in your daily life? (4)

(Refer to the 12 points in your textbook pp no 112 in chapter 16: Positive Thinking and
Values) (Write any 4 out of it)

Try to develop empathy

Inferiority and superiority complexes are equally destructive. Don’t let them rule you.

Realize that you are not the centre of the Universe.

Accept things that you cannot change and work your way around them.

Q6. Determine the factors behind the Decline of the Mughal empire. (4)
The Marathas and their Anti Mughal tactics were the eye of the storm. The Sikhs, Afghans and the state
of Deccan were other flashpoints. The arrival of the British was another major factor for the downfall of
the Mughals. Aurangzeb spent most of his life fighting rebellions and wars so most of the matters of
state were overlooked. There was also unrest among the non-Muslim population owing to Aurangzeb's
strict policies. Constant tussles for power and court intrigues weakened the empire from the inside. The
wars that took place had emptied the Mughal treasury. The Mughals mostly won every battle they
fought which led them to think that their army was inevitable and they neglected their army's training.

Q7. Was Aurangzeb a successful Emperor? Do you agree/disagree? (4)

There are mixed views on how he was a successful as an Emperor. He was successful in
retaining and expanding his empire but unfortunately, he was not able to create peace with
Marathas and other states. It was peaceful and progressive for 20 years of his rule. Later due to
his strict policies and constant war created problems. Few people accepted his strict policies as
a correct way to lead life but others did not. His policies created a dissatisfaction amongst the
non-Muslims. He fought uprisings and rebellion for the rest of his long reign which created a
massive decline in military expertise and the treasury got empty due to constant cost. He also
extravagantly spends on luxurious palaces. There are many reasons behind the decline of
Mughal empire. Therefore, as an emperor he was successful in terms of keeping hold on his
empire until his death. As during his reign, he expanded Mughal empire to its extent. But many
factors go against his reign.

Q8. Do you think arrival of the British was the main reason of the fall of the Mughal?
Empire? Discuss. (4)
There are many reasons of decline of the Mughal empire. The arrival of British was one of the
factor. Due to the weak successors and control of Mughal emperors it became easy for the
British (EIC) to take the advantage of this situation. As since the time of Jahangir British
already took advantage of gaining wealth by trading with India. British was in Industrial
revolution and due to massive trade and wealth they could afford military strength that
Mughals could not match. The weakness of the Mughal empire together the strength of
British brought the fall of mighty Mughal empire.

Q9. According to the source. It shows Bahadur Shah Zafar in his days in British
custody in Delhi, awaiting trial for his part in the War of Independence. He is the
only Mughal ruler who ever had his photograph taken.

Imagine you are Bahadur Shah Zafar. You have witnessed the end of the empire and
Have been forced into exile. Write an account of what you saw during your rule and
how you felt? (4)

If I would be forced to exile it would make me feel helpless, needy. It would be

a very uncertain situation where I have no control over my empire. I would see

the downfall of my huge empire in front of my eyes where I cannot do anything. It

 would be a very painful and distressing life experience as a ruler. As my nation would

be expecting me to safe and help them in this hard time. As a ruler of Mughal empire

I was in custody of the British power and had felt extremely helpless.

Source:

The salaries paid to the British officials became part of what Indian Historians have

called the “Drain of Wealth”.

Q.10 According to the source given above what was the effect on the Indians of Drain

of wealth. (4)

The transfer of wealth from India through Indians wealth to England is called Drain of Wealth.
Good salaries were offered to British officials to satisfy & give benefits to their own people on
Indian’s expense. It was unfair that wealth of Indians was misused for paying British officials. It
was a condition of poverty for locals (Indians) as they were paying taxes to British.

Salaries of soldiers, military officers, Council members was taken from India’s resources. Indians
had to pay heavy taxes, revenues and dividend to British. Raw material was bought in England
from the surplus revenues of Bengal and started looting India’ raw materials, resources and
wealth and sending it to England to fulfill their Industrial revolution requirement.
P2 Geography

SECTION A

Q1. Fill in the blanks.

(4)

1. Completely used up with nothing left is depletion.

2. A person who advocates the protection and preservation of the environment and
wildlife is conservationist.
3. Aquifers are a body of permeable rock, which can contain or transmit groundwater.
4. Portion of land drained by a river and its tributaries river basins.

5. K2 is the highest peak of Karakoram Range.

6. Tirich Mir is the highest peak of Hindukush.

7. Pakistan can be divided into six major topographical areas.

8. Avalanches are huge masses of snow that move down the slope.

9. Bannu Valley is located at to the East of Waziristan Hills in Western

Mountains.

10.Balochistan Plateau is located in the west of Pakistan.

Q2. Answer the following short Question:

a. Name 5 Major rivers of Pakistan. (5)
Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi & Sutlej.
b. List different types of sand Dunes. (3)
Longitudinal, latitudinal and Transverse.
c. Name the biggest river in Makran coast Balochistan (1)

River Hingol is the biggest river.

d. Name the highest peak of Himalyas.

Nanga Parbat is the highest peak.

e. What is a glacier? Name the 3 famous Glaciers of Pakistan. (3)

A Glacier is a tongue shaped mass of ice moving slowly down a valley. Baltoro, Batura &
Siachen.
f. Which is the highest peak of the western Mountains of Pakistan. (1)

Takht-i-Sulaiman is the highest peak.

g. Name the 2 important valleys of the Northern Mountains. (2)

Swat, Chitral, Dir.

h. Name the important river of the Potwar Plateau. (1)

The Soan River.

i. List the major doabs in upper Indus Plain of Pakistan. (3)
Chaj doab, Rachna doab, Bari doab.

j. What is Cyclone? (2)

Cyclones are very strong winds usually blowing at more than 200kph. They can cause immeasurable
damage. They form because of low atmospheric pressure.

Q3. Define the following terms. (6)

1. Doab. A Doab is the land located between two rivers at the confluence.

2. Mountain pass. A mountain pass is a route through a mountain range.

3. Alluvial terraces. Alluvial terraces are areas of higher ground between rivers formed
by erosion of old alluvium.
4. Active flood plain. The narrow strip of land on both sides of the rivers is called the
active flood plain
5. Delta. A delta is often triangular or fan shaped with the main
distributaries branching out from the main river like the ribs of a
fan.
5. Levees. A natural or artificial embankment of a river which confines the
 river within its channel and prevents flooding. Raised bank of a
river with deposited material.
6.Conservasonist A person who advocates the protection and preservation of the
environment and wildlife is conservationist.

7. Global Warming The amount of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere rise, more heat is trapped on Earth and temperatures
increased all around the globe called global warming.

Q 4. Identify the following images. (4)

Oxbow lake

Plateau M

W
 SECTION B
Q5 (a). Compare the following. (4)

Upper Indus Plain Lower Indus Plain

It is located in the northern part of the Indus Plain. Located in the southern part of the Indus Plain.

River Indus and its major tributaries flow here. The River Indus flows alone.

(b) (4)

Inland drainage Open drainage

Starts from a hill or mountain and does not ends at Starts from mountains and ends at sea.

sea.(dries out).

They are seasonal rivers (only when t rains). They are annual rivers (keep water throughout the

year).
Q6. Describe the topographical features of Indus plain? (5)

The narrow strip of land on both sides of the rivers is called the active flood plain. Old Flood
plain is only flooded when there is heavy monsoon and covered with old alluvium. Alluvial
terraces are areas of higher ground between rivers formed by erosion of old alluvium.
Piedmont plains are located at the foothills of the Sulaiman, Kirthar and Himalayan mountains.
The Indus Delta is located to the south of Thatta.

Q7. Explain the future prospects of Balochistan Province. (4)

The mineral resources, in which the province is quite rich, should be developed. Sheep and

goats should be raised on modern scientific lines. Deep-Gwadar Port and Saindak Copper-Gold

project should be utilized to improve the economy of the province. Development of fishing

industry by using latest technology could lead to its further development.

Q8. Compare between desert and plain areas of Pakistan. (4)

Deserts have gently undulating plains. They are located in south-eastern and south-western

areas of Pakistan.

Plains are flat lands. They are located throughout most of Punjab and Central part of Sindh.
Q9. Study the given picture which shows a part of Potwar plateau Describe the Relief

features of Potwar Plateau shown in the picture. (4)

Bad land topography, dissected and eroded to physical and human factors for eg. Heavy

monsoon, thunderstorm and poor farming (over grazing). Residual hills, troughs and

depression. Faulted land (cracks due to mountains building process). Rich in non-metallic

minerals like rock salt, gypsum, limestone, coal and oil.

Q10.Elaborate how the desert topographical features influence the lifestyle of the people? (5)
Lack of water and constant erosion of land by strong winds does not allow many productive
human activities. Lack of agriculture or farming due to sandy soil and lack of water. Dependent
on Livestock/cattle breeding. Lack of job opportunities. Lack of educational facilities. Unhygienic
food and water for drinking. Not properly built houses, which get damaged due to sand storms
or rainfall. Underground water storage used for cooking, washing etc. Rain water is stored in
small ponds and tanks which is used for drinking, washing. People living in deserts do not have
permanent houses due to nomadic lifestyle.

Q11. What are the major problems the people living in Northern mountains (3)

Harsh climate effects people’s lives, no outdoor activities. No agriculture because the land is

buried under snow. Roads and passes are closed in winter. Low literacy rate (Lack of education).

Poor infrastructure facilities (bridges and roads etc). Shortage of electricity.

Q12. Describe the drainage features of Potwar plateau. (3)

Deep Ravines, narrow steep valleys commonly eroded by running water. Gullies, less resistant
rocks. Alluvial plain (piedmont plain) used for agriculture. Ravines and small rivers, cracks
(faulted land.) Troughs and depressions. Important rivers such as Soan and Kallar Kahar.

Q13. Study the given map of Pakistan carefully and answer the questions below . (5)

I. “A” Name of the Plateau located in west.

 Balochistan Plateau.

II. “B” Name of mountain ranges.

Western Mountains.

III. “C” Name of Plateau located to the south of Islamabad.

Potwar Plateau.

IV. “D” Name of mountain ranges.

Northern mountains.

V. “” E” Name of desert.

Kharan desert.

Q14. Label the major rivers of Pakistan on the table provided below. (5)
 1. Indus
2. Sutlej
3. Ravi
4. Chenab
5. Jhelum

Q15. Write the differences between the Northern mountains and Western mountains. (4)
NORTHERN MOUNTAINS: Very cold temperature, blizzards, long and cold winter, short and
mild summers, precipitation mostly in form of snow, open drainage.
WESTERN MOUNTAINS: Very hot temperature, sand storms, long and hot summers, short and
mild winters, precipitation is in form of rainfall & inland drainage system.

Q16. List down the topographical /relief features of Indus Plain. (3)

Active floodplain, Old floodplain, Alluvial terraces, Piedmont plains, Tidal delta and Rolling sand
plains.

Q17.Coastal areas are generally more humid than inland areas. Can you explain. why? (2)
Heat in the atmosphere makes water evaporate. The hotter it is the more evaporation will take
place and the places near large water bodies will become humid as a result.

Q18. How is the atmosphere vital for life on earth? (2)

It protects the Earth from harmful radiations, falling meteors and Debris from outer space, it is packed

with gases that are essential for life on Earth, it is a source of fresh water & generate the weather

around the globe.

SECTION C

Q1. Imagine, if you were living in the Desert areas of Pakistan what problems you
will encounter during your stay? [4]

Lack of water and constant erosion of land by strong winds does not allow many productive
human activities. Lack of agriculture or farming due to sandy soil and lack of water. Dependent
on Livestock/cattle breeding. Lack of job opportunities. Lack of educational facilities. Unhygienic
food and water for drinking. Not properly built houses, which get damaged due to sand storms
or rainfall.

Q2. Think and explain how the Indus Plain topographical features influence the Economic
activity and life style? [4]

Flat & undulated land with alluvium suitable for agriculture/farming. Industries (Chemical,
cotton etc), for job opportunities, large foreign and domestic market. Well- developed
infrastructure and education facilities. Dense transportation network (Roads, Railway, Air
transport). The topography of the Indus Plain is supporting more than 80 percent of the
agriculture in Pakistan. Farming is done throughout the year. Well-developed canal irrigation
system (provides water throughout the year)
Q3. In your opinion, what can you do to reduce the global warming? (3)
Save energy at home (power your home with renewable energy), walk, cycle or take public
transport, invest in energy-efficient appliances, recycle more, plant more trees.
Q4. Determine the factors responsible for the greenhouse effect? (4)

Excessive release of Carbon dioxide, cutting down of trees, oil and petrol engines, CFCs, fossil
fuels.

Q5. How would you run a campaign to create awareness about the dangers of the Climate
change it should tell people how they are contributing these problems and what they should
do so that we can save the earth? (3)

Share news and knowledge on social media, mention scientific research and evidence, hang up
awareness posters. Humans are increasingly influencing the climate and the Earth’s
temperature by burning fossil fuels, cutting down forests and farming livestock. Save energy at
home (power your home with renewable energy), walk, cycle or take public transport, invest in
energy-efficient appliances, recycle more, plant more trees.

Q6. Conclude what would happen if all glaciers in the Iceland melt? (3)

If all the glaciers or ice melts, sea levels will rise, drown many low-lying coastal areas around
the world, greenhouse gases, severe weather conditions and land area would shrink
significantly.