that each communication material entails

safe archival for future perusal.

In education parlance, in case

TECHNICAL WRITING technologies malfunction, a seamless
teaching-learning process may be
undertaken should copies of learning
materials like this at your custody be
readily available. Because of such reasons,
we need to sustain the provision of both
RONNIE ANGELO BOUING,EdD print and non-print, digital and non-digital
copies of knowledge sources for our ever -
2023 increasing population.

For you to maximize learning, this

book embodies the most essential contents
above the minimum requirements
prescribed by the education agency and by
any world-class institution of learning in
our global community. Hence, this learning
PREFACE
material purportedly sequenced the lessons
We consider business persons, as they appear hereafter.
engineers, scientists and technologists as
our potent partners, colleagues, associates, We hope this book will contribute
peers or superiors in addressing the demand immensely to your success.
of our ever evolving world particularly to
the advancement of business, engineering,
science, technology and all fields of human
activity.This textbook at your hand aims to
provide you a modern approach in
teaching- learning technical writing as a RONNIE ANGELO BOUING, EdD
collaborative initiative by integrating field
practices and industry standards for you to TABLE OF CONTENTS
become highest caliber business persons,
engineers, scientists, technologists and PREFACE
other equally vital occupations.
Chapter
While we extremely believe in the 1 NATURE OF TECHNICAL
unparalleled cost efficiency and WRITING
convenience of the migration of Learning Outcomes
communication information to wireless Definition of Technical Writing
electronic forms, we still cannot afford to Technical versus Nontechnical Writing
undermine the essentiality of providing Technical Writing Documents
printed support to knowledge repositories Purposes of Communication
like books and other personal and corporate Characteristics of Technical Writing
records. Countless experiences corroborate Metrology
 Prohibited Acts Related to Metrology Preparing the Bid Documents
Learning Enhancement Activity 1 Parts of a Technical Proposal
Learning Enhancement Activity 5
2 STYLES AND TECHNIQUES
Learning Outcomes 6 ORGANIZING A REPORT
Styles in Sentence Construction Learning Outcomes
Styles in Expressing Time The Need to Prepare a Report
Statements Involving Numbers and Classification of Reports
Letters Learning Enhancement Activity 6
Sentence Upgrading Techniques
Definition Technique
Types of Definitions
Location of Definition 7 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Presentation Techniques Learning Outcomes
Learning Enhancement Activity 2 Patent
Patentable Inventions
3 TECHNICAL CORRESPONDENCE Nonpatentable Inventions
Learning Outcomes Patent Application
The Need to Write Communication Term of Patent
Parts of the Letter Utility Model
Format of a Document Industrial Design
Paper Size and Margin Term of Industrial Design Registration
Learning Enhancement Activity 3 Incentives to Inventors
Trademark
4 CREATING A PROFILE Registrability of Marks
Learning Outcomes Requirements for Mark Registration
Subjects of Description Trade Name
Aspects of Description Process of Trade Name Registration
Technical Signals Trade Secret
Mandated Product Descriptions Geographical Indication
Label of Consumer Products Copyright
Label of Cosmetics Literary and Artistic Works
Label of Hazardous Substances Preparing the Parts of a Book
Film and Audiovisual Ratings Criteria for Evaluation of Books and
Visual Materials Banned for Viewing References
The Need to Prepare a Description Requirements for Copyright Registration
Learning Enhancement Activity 4 Class Designation of Derivative Works
Work of Architecture
5 WRITING A PROPOSAL Reproduction of Computer Program
Learning Outcomes Rights of Performers
Types of Proposals According to Areas Rights of Performers of Sound
of Concern Recordings
Types of proposals According to Source Rights of Broadcasting organizations
Public Infrastructure Proposals Optical Media
Bid for Infrastructure projects Learning Enhancement Activity 7
Alternatives of Competitive Bidding
8 COMMUNICATIONS
INFRASTRUCTURE
Learning Outcomes
Communication Infrastructure
Tools
Techniques
Principles
Presentation Through Visuals
Legibility and Spacing Chapter 1
Purposes of Visual Displays NATURE OF TECHNICAL WRITING
Electronic Commerce Infrastructure
Felonies Related to Communication Learning Outcomes
Infrastructure
Electronic Access Devices After learning this lesson, you are able to:
The Use of Access Devices
Wire Tapping 1. Explain technical and
Teleconference Devices nontechnical communication and their
Learning Enhancement Activity 8 proper application to the work place.
2. Construct technical documents
and communicate such orally in the
BIBLIOGRAPHY appropriate setting following the effective
GLOSSARY characteristic of communication.
3. Practice the highest level of
fidelity in both communication process and
in creating communication material taking
into consideration the culture of a place.

Business people, engineers, engineers and

technologist constitute the density of highly
productive citizens in our constantly
evolving society. Without you, we
absolutely can never enjoy the luxury of
life in a heaven look alike business hub at
the penthouse of the tallest building in the
world, reach the farthest affluent
destination in the globe in just few hours
through jumbo jets, communicate with our
dearest persons live face to face via
technology, combat a deadly disease with
just a little dosage of drugs and even purge
our most powerful enemies through
missiles. These constitute some of the
multifarious amazing handiworks of our
eminent business magnates, scientists,
engineers and technologists.
 Language technical
Certainly, you diffuse the outputs of your
miraculous inventions, scientific and figurative
technical works through communication. Used scientific
Hence, if there are persons who should be
trained well in communication, in both oral emotional
and written form, they compose no other words and
than you- scientists, engineers,
technologists. subjective
phrases

Definition of Technical Writing personal

Technical Writing refers to the Technical Writing Documents

conveyance of information to various
audiences through writing and presenting A variety of printed communication in the
printed and online information related to scientific field include letters, memoranda,
the various tasks of persons in the fields of brochures or pamphlets, catalogs, technical
business, engineering, science, technology descriptions, manuals, primers, proposals
and other fields of human activity. In this including bid documents, reports, research
context, we employ the use of carefully journal articles, patenting documents,
chosen definitions. product registration documents and even
copyright materials like books.
Technical Writing ( Lay et al.,1995 ) is an
Letter refers to a message in writing, which
applied communication that makes
may be in any language or in code,
technical information accessible to readers.
contained in a sealed or unsealed envelope
or not in an envelope at all, of such
Technical and Nontechnical Writing
physical dimensions and weights allowed
by the postal corporation or the
In Terms of Technical If
government, and intended for delivery to a
Non-Technical
person or entity displayed legibly on one of
its faces (RA 7354).
Purpose inform
Brochure (or pamphlet) is a small unbound
entertain book usually with a paper cover containing
instruct information about a topic subject or
product.
amuse
initiate action Catalog pertains to a systematic list,
provide bases for inventory, tabulation or schedule usually
decision making alphabetical, or such items as names, book
Content science titles, articles or stocks or any technical
human experience item.
industry
emotions Profilerefers to an instrument that contains
technology attributes that provide indentifying
information, usage, maintenance, assembly
guide, formulation, and other information understand. Report, press release, letters,
that facilitate the user to understand the brochures, technical descriptions,
subject. memoranda and books mainly exist to
inform.
Memorandum (plural memoranda or
memorandums; verb-memo, memoes, Instruct. It means controlling, regulating,
memoed, memoing) refers to a written guiding, or ensuring that deviation does not
communication set to inferior or same level happen in terms of behavior, standards,
offices or employees within an organization specifications or procedure. Operation
with the intention to remind, notify, inform manuals, description of a process,
or order. memoranda, orders and circulars constitute
some instruments that purport to instruct or
Proposal is an offer, plan, action or provide directions.
alternative for consideration, acceptance
and implementation. Initiate action. Dissemination or
conveyance of information may not be
Report is a factual and objective statement enough. After knowing information, the
of activities, programs, conditions and result or application of such counts most.
accomplishments of an individual, group or To gauge the extent of knowledge
organization covering a period of time. usefulness. One may refer to the contents of
accomplishment reports, compliance
Primer refers to a small introductory book
reports, monitoring report or even
that contains instructions on a specific
inventory report.
subject.
Basis for decision making. Objective
Document pertains to any writing,
information does not conceal negative
recording, computer typed, blue print, x-
situations, in fact, we may decorate,
ray, photography, or other physical object
manipulate, sophisticate or fabricate
upon which an information is set forth by
information but reality will forever exist.
means of letters numbers or other
To facilitate decision makers in doing
decodable symbols.
proper corrective, sustainability strategy or
Patenting document refers to any or all of reversal strategy, as the case may be, the
the material and paper requirements truth shall always be revealed in reports.
submitted for the issuance of patent.
Characteristics of Technical Writing
Purposes of Writing
As stated earlier, Technical Writing purports
Communication addresses vital purposes to inform, to instruct, or to give directions,
that redound to knowledge acquisition, to initiate action and to provide basis for
control and satisfaction of persons, as decision making. Because of these, the
mentioned earlier, the purposes of technical technical communication shall bear the
communication include: to inform, to direct qualities of effective communication like
or to instruct, to initiate action, and to correctness, completeness, courteousness,
provide basis for decision making. conciseness, clarity, compliance,
measurability, objectivity, accountability,
Inform. In most communication situations, visual appeal and
persons write to probed information. To let
others know, and surely to let others
 1. Correctness means no error, fault, reli
mistake or departure from truth. eve
Because a person may have the deceive
tendency to find error, we should 4. Use CK after a short vowel.
ensure the correctness of our work. stock snack
Mistake if ever committed definitely
manifest organizational inefficiency. knock back
In order to avoid error which may be 5. When a verb is transformed to
inadvertently done in spelling, past tense, the consonant letter of the
punctuation, price, specification, stressed last syllable is doubled.
sentence structure and grammar
among others, the communication refer - referred
piece should be thoroughly edited. allot - allotted
occur - occurred
transfer- transferred
Commonly Misspelled Words.
Hyphenated Words. Hyphen is
noticeable convenient shorter than a dash and joins words together.
opportunity occasion No spaces between a hyphen and the words.
maintenance Use hyphen to (1)show two words are a
questionnaire occurrence single entity, (2) and to show clarity,
separate embarrass privilege readability or awkward doubling of vowels.
tomorrow rhythm
surprise scissors one-sided
accommodation left-handed
twelfth eighth close-up re-enrolled
omission beginning across one-way
baloon ready-made ex-
president pre-empt
Words with Variant Spelling in-depth
mother-in-law
enrolment enrollment high-rise re-election
conseling counselling fifty-fifty
endorse indorse well-being
entrust intrust life-size
enclosure inclosure eye-opening

Spelling Rules editor-in-chief pre-date

1. U always follows Q. quotation

quiz Hyphen, En Dash and Em Dash.
quorum Hyphen(-) is a symbol that is slightly
quadrant narrower than an En Dash (-). The Em
Dash(-) is twice as long as the En Dash.
2. S never follows X. excitement
3. I exists before E except C. HYPHE EN DASH EM DASH
believe conceive N
1. Form 1. Express 1. Show a document and likewise listen to
hyphenated a period of break in a highlights only in a discussion. In
words. He time. He sentence. brief, write only. However, concision
was tall and lived in Please call does not mean deleting the important
quiet good- this town my information that may make statement
looking. from supervisor- brusque. Conciseness further denotes
1966-1993 John Wich- employing necessary words only as
on Friday. we retain the natural tone of
2. Link 2. Indicate 2. Making of statements.
prefixes to a range of unimportant
words. The numbers. words. Get to Wordy
cooperation You could Quezon City
between the choose 2 from here-
two is numbers you are Concise
minimal. from 1- heading
100. there, right?- Attached herewith
you need a Attached is a copy of the
train.
3. Used in 3. Use 3. Create report
numbers. At with emphasis. My is the copy of the
twenty-two, he scores. female boss for 2022
is justThe red loves fish-my report of the year
beginning to team won male boss 2022
find himself. 3-1 in this loves beef.
match. Please provide us
Please provide us a certified
4. Indicate 4. Indicate 4. Indicate a
a certified true copy
word breaks. distance. sudden
copy of the minutes of the
Do you ever Europe- change of
of the minutes of
read Asia is a thought. I
meeting last Monday.
twentieth- long flight. had a great
the meeting last Monday
century vacation in
biographies? Baler- oh! Is
We would like to extend
that your
We commend for your
dog? He is so
our commendation for
cute!
your excellent
your excellent performance
2. Conciseness means briefness,
performance last
shortness, brevity or limited in
last quarter.
words. We should consider the
quarter.
technical people work continually.
They have limited time within which
to read verbose documents and to
We are requesting
listen to balderdash discussion that
We are requesting
may only tarry their profitable work.
to please include our you to
In fact when people read, they scan
include our
the essential information only in a
proposal for the deliberation. Deposit your deadly
proposal for We appreciate you
d for
eliberation. weapon here.
entrusting us your
3. Completeness refers to the
perfectness, fullness, substantially and weapon.
sufficiency of the content and parts of the
information. Completeness may be 5.Clarity means readability, legibility or
identified in the sufficiency of information understandability of the information. Vague
or in the presence of all the parts needed in and ambiguous, and illegible statement
a document. should be avoided.
4. Courteousness pertains to the
expression of civility, affability, urbanity, Ambiguous
considerateness, politeness and
respectfulness in various communication Joe called Mark to deliver the aggregates
forms. Whether a person works in the to Joe’s father by using the delivery truck.
office or in the field, he needs to satisfy Or
everybody. Expression like please, kind, Joe called Mark to deliver the aggregates
thank you so much, we are glad, and we to Mark’s father by using the delivery the
appreciate, in communication promote aggregates.
good will.
1. Joe called Mark to deliver the
Common Statements aggregates to
Courteous Statements the latter’s father by using the delivery
truck. Or
Keep off the grass. Joe called Mark to deliver the aggregates to
Thank you for not the former’s father by using the delivery
truck.
ste
pping on the grass. Ambiguous

Sorry for the The computer in Real Technologies, Inc.

Temporary inconvenience are better than High Technology Center.
Inconvenience.
today, long term Note: We are comparing uncomparable
conve
nience in the future. subjects- computers and high technology
Unauthorized For
authorized person only. center. We should compare like
persons keep out. Subjects- the computer of the two
institutions.
This is a no
We salute you for not. Clear
smoking area.
smoking. 1. The computers in Real Technologies,
Inc.
 are better than the computers in High supplier measured smaller than those from
Technology Center. or. the ISO certified company. Exactness of
2. The computer in Real Technologies, the materials as to sizes was not monitored
Inc. during sawing time.
are better than those in High
Technology Center. Such as illustrate prove the incident of
myriads of discrepancies that actually
6. Compliance refers to the adherence, happen in the works of engineers,
conformity or subscription to the format, technologists, media practitioners and
design, content and standards set by the scientists in the fields
office to which the paper is prepared. Every
To eliminate the problems related to
company normally sets its own
transaction involving measures, metrication
requirements in the completion of paper
may help. Metrication refers to a process
works. An organization usually specifies
of adopting a generally accepted
the paper pagination, font style and size and
measurement known as metric system.
other aspects of the paper. If the Accepting
Metric system pertains to a system of
institution does not prescribe standard, the
weight and measure based on decimals or
writing partly may adopt the generally
units of 10(Collier’s Encyclopedia Vol.16).
accepted styles in writing but must show
The Eleventh General conference on
consistency.
weight and measure help in Paris in 1960
adopted and gave the system the official
7.Measurability refers to the medium of
name Systeme International d’ Unities
communication quantifiable facts with
(International System of Units) better
accuracy and precision. Accuracy means
known as System International (SI).
exactness or truthfulness. Precision means
Several situations warrant the advantage of
explicitness or definiteness which may be
using the metric system because it provides
akin also to accuracy.
uniformity in the system of weights and
For instance, when say one table spoon of measures that have been used most
syrup in the Philippines, the quality is countries of the technologically advancing
exactly the same with one table spoon of world. Likewise, it uses small number of
syrup in Canada. But these fail to happen base units or fundamentals units and
because a table spoon in the Philippines decimal rules which people may learn and
appears significantly smaller than a apply easily. As a unified and rationalized
Canadian table spoon. Further not all table standard system, it enhances accuracy in
spoons in the Philippines have similar conversion as compared to the customary
sizes. Hence precision cannot be ensure in units. For about 200 years now, the metric
the manufacturing of such utensils. system is used by laboratory professionals,
engineers, industrialists, medical
In the manner, a design engineer ordered a practitioners, economists, business persons,
narra lumber with a dimension of 2”x10”8’ technologists and almost all strata of
from a local lumber supplier. Because of professions in the cosmic village.
the insufficiency of stocks needed from one
source, the engineer ordered some materials At present, machines, equipment, tools,
from an ISO certified supplier. When the parts, industrial products and other
work progressed, the engineer discovered multitudes of human needs are measured,
that the pieces of lumber from the local traded, and manufactured without
confusion in any location in the globe in other to transmit them to the measuring
because of a uniform system of instrument by comparison.
measurement.
Metrology means the field of science
Metrology concern with weights and measures which
include all aspects of measurements in
To make measurements sounds, the whatever level of accuracy and in any field
legislature passed into law the National of science and technology.
Metrology Act of 2003 (RA 9236). It
declares that it is the policy of the state to Metrology Controls refers to type
facilitate the development of scientist and approval, verification, calibration and other
technical knowledge and progress in the process and means of checking the
national economy by encouraging the accuracy and reliability of measurement
standardization and modernization of units standards and measuring equipments.
and standards of measurements to adapt to
the needs of times, thereby complying with Regulated Areas of Application refers to
international standards and protecting the fields of endeavors or area in which are
health, interest and safety of every critical to citizen as they effect health,
costumer and his environment from the safety, welfare, physical condition, trade
harmful effects of inaccurate or false and commerce, legal transactions,
measurements. Provisions of his act environment and other areas as may be
including the following terms and phrases: determined.
Type Approval on Measuring
Accredited laboratory refers to a Equipment is the approved evaluation of
laboratory that has been evaluated and has conformity based on one or more
complied with the requirements of the specimens of a product.
international organization (IOS) 17025
Primary Standards is a standard which
Standard “ General Requirements for the
has the highest metrological quality in
Competence of Testing and Calibration
specified field.
Laboratories,’’ and accredited by the
national accrediting body . Secondary Standard is one which value is
fixed by comparison with primary
Calibration is a set of operation
Standard.
established under specify condition
relationships between values indicated by a Traceability refers to a property of a result
measuring instrument or measuring system, of measurement relating to appropriate
or values represented by materials measure, standard, generally national or international
and its corresponding known values. though an unbroken chain of comparison.
Measure refers to a set of operation having Verification means a confirmation by
the object of determining the value of a examination of evidence that the measuring
quantity. equipments fulfills specified requirements.
Measurement Standard pertains to a Subfields of Metrology
measuring instrument or system intended to
define, realize, conserve or reproduce a unit Scientific Metrology ( or Fundamental
or one or more known values of a quantity Metrology ) is concerned with the
establishments of quantity System, until 2. Importing of measure equipment
system, unit system, unit of measurements, that does not give results expressed in the
the development of new measurement authorized units.
methods, realization of measurement 3. Manufacturing for sales, offering
Standard and the transfer of traceability for sales, distribution commerce or
from these standards to users in society importing costumer products which have
not secured clearance from the National
Industrial Metrology ( or applied Metrology Board
metrology ) deals with the application of 4. Using of confiscated measuring
measurement science to manufacturing and equipment without verification/
other process and their use in society, decalibration from the board or the local
ensuring the suitability of measurement government until having jurisdiction over
instruments, their calibration and quality the offence committed.
control of measurements.
Legal Metrology is concerned with 8. Objectivity means telling the truth, facts
regulatory requirements of measurements and unbias information. A communicator
and measuring instruments for the needs to inhibit from the manipulation of
protection of health, public safety, data, prejudgment of result or even
environment, enabling Taxation protection malfeasant forecasting of outcome. In
of costumers and faire trade. presenting facts, the readers shall be given
the opportunity to verify the veracity of the
To protect customers, the government
information. In presenting reports, the
established the National Measurement
reporter must be a witness to the event
Infrastructure System (NMIS) to provide
being reported while disseminating
measurement standards that are
secondary data, the source shall be cited
internationally traceable and consistency
well to enable listeners or readers to check
with the Meter Convention.
the authenticity of the information adopted.
The NMIS covers until the measurements
9. Accountability refers to an inherence
measuring instruments, measurement
blend of inherent blend of responsibility
Standards, their application and
and liability of the speaker or writer over
metrological controls, establishment of a
the totality of information he diffuse which
laboratory accreditation system, and system
in various means may influence the
of appropriate penalties.
character of the receiver. That the receiver
Prohibited Acts Related to Metrology may entirely believe the content of an
information considering that the sources
These acts of any person or juridical person has proven his authority in that specific
are unlawful (RA 9236) field information diffuse shall never
therefore be beautiful, groomed, decorated
1. Manufacturing for sale, offering or modify just to please people when in
for sales distributing in commerce facts the readers are actually deceived.
or importing any product which is not
measured in conformity with the weight 10. Visual appeal implies attractiveness,
standards. generally good appearance or positive
impression created by the physical impact
of the paper. A quality paper, printer,
generally accepted font size and style
should be used. Format, spacing, margin
and indention matter in paper preparation.
Remember also that prints with vigor,
vividness and memorizability make a
document essential to the readers.
11. Tonal appeal statement may exude
tense, hostility, artificiality, friendliness,
naturality or sincerity of the communicator
situation, simplicity, straight forward,
modern and reader-friendly words and
phrases have no alternatives. We should
therefore organize statements sounding like
we are talking personally to the readers
treating him like a friend, comrade,
superior, or boss, but not like a slave, foe,
alien, enemy or stranger.
One method of maintaining tonal appeal
involves the avoidance of domineering or
bossy statements.
Bossy Statements With
Tonal Appeal
This invention was
This invention

was
originated by me
done in 2022.
in 2022, Noh?

If you were listening to my presentation, it is

very clear in my statements, as reflected
on ___
I am sure you understood the presentation as
I saw you listening attentively.

You may refer again to

 Learning Enhancement Activity 1

Name Score
Progra Date
m

Instructions. Encircle the letter of the correct choice

1. Which does not belong to the group?

a. inform b. instruct c. initiate action d. entertain e. provide basis for decision making

2. Which is not contained in technical writing?

a. human experience b. technology c. science d. industry e. development projects.

3. Also called pamphlet, a small unbound book usually with a paper cover containing
information about a topic subject or product.
a. catalog b. memorandum c. module d. letter e. brochure

4. It pertains to any writing, recording, computer, encoded, blue print, photography or any
physical object upon which information is set forth by means of letters, number or other
symbol.
a. primer b. document c. report d. proposal e. technical description

5. This is akin to briefness, shortness, and brevity or limited in words but not brusque.
a. completeness b. courteousness c. conciseness d. clarity e. correctness

6. It refer to the adherence, conformity or respect to format design, content and standards
set by the office to which the paper is prepared.
a. Measurability b. compliance c. respectfulness d. affability e. civility

7. Which statement spells the clearest information?

a. The engineers in ABC Builders are better than the XYZ company.
b. The engineers in XYZ Company are better than the ABC Builders.
c. The ABC builders are better than the engineers in XYZ Company.
d. The XYZ Company are better than the engineers in ABC Builders.
e. The engineers in ABC Builders are better than those in the XYZ Company.

8. Which statement shows the highest level of civility?

a. Keep off the road, still under construction.
b. Sorry for the inconvenience.
c. Pay your taxes expedite the completion of our road.
d. We regret passing through this road is inconvenient.
e. This temporary inconvenience will give you long term convenience.

9. This means exactness of truthfulness.

a. Precision b. measurability c. accuracy d. completeness e. explicitness
10. This field of science concerns with weight and measures which includes all aspects of
measurement in whatever level of accuracy in any field of science and technology.
a. measurement b. metrology c. calibration d. System International e. Metric System

11. It refers to the property to the property of result of measurement relating to appropriate
standards through an unbroken chain of comparison.
a. traceability b. metrology c. measurement d. verification e. calibration

12. To protect consumers, the government established this to provide measurement standards
that are internationally traceable and consistent with the Meter Convention.
a. Department of Trade and Industry
b. Department of Science and Technology
c. National Meter Council
d. National Measurement Infrastructure System
e. National Calibration Center

13. This subfield of metrology deals with the application of measurement science to
manufacturing and other process, their use in society, ensuring the suitability of
measurement instrument, their calibration and quality control measurements.
a. Scientific metrology b. industrial metrology
c. legal metrology d. social metrology e. fundamental metrology

14. Which of these measurements is inaccurate?

a. Cubic meter b. kilowatt c. volts d. table spoon e. kiloliter

15. Which of these acts is lawful?

a. Manufacturing, offering, distributing importing a product which is not measured
following standards.
b. Importing of measuring equipment that does not give results expressed in the
authorized units.
c. Manufacturing for sale consumer products without clearance of the concerned
agency.
d. Using of confiscated measuring equipment without verification
e. Using in business an instrument that is calibrated by a concerned agency.
16. This refer to the inherent obligation, responsibility liability of the communicator over
information he expresses in various forms like in speaking and in writing
a. objectivity b. accountability c. visual appeal d. tonal appeal e. measurability
17. Which statement does not express tonal appeal?
a. artificiality b. friendliness c. naturality
d. simplicity e. sincerity

18. Which characteristic does not convey visual appeal?

a. Attractive paper b. generally accepted format
b. c. proper spacing use of so many font styles e. memorizability
19. Which statement shows concision?
a. This report for the month of February of this year 2022
b. This report for the second month of February year 2022
c. This report for February year 2022
d. This monthly report for February 2022

20. Which statement is correct?

a. Pleased come on Monday, 10 May 2022
b. Please come in Tuesday, 10 May 2022
c. Will you please come on Tuesday,10 May 2022
d. Please come in Monday, 10 May 2022
Chapter 2
STYLES AND TECHNIQUES

Learning Outcomes

After learning this lesson, you are able to:

1. Apply the styles and techniques in technical communication
2. Construct statements using the best styles and techniques in composition
3. Conceptualize the most appropriate presentation and syntactic styles to the nature of
the information communicated to the readers.

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

Communication involves generally acceptable styles and techniques. Style refers to

the communicator’s choice and syntactic expression. Technique denotes a method or strategy
in expression that involves special knowledge or skills.

Styles in Sentence Construction

Style in communication happens similar to the choosing of the structural design of a
sports car, computer model, engineering tool or construction plan of a colossal
condominium. Some sentence appears short but the content provides substantial information
which exists like a small house but has several compartments. In other application sentences
extend so long but they convey limited information analogous to an enormous vessel but it
can transport few navigators only.

Study these styles in constructing statements:

Tentative Statement

The company constructed housing projects for high ranking government officials.

Final Statement

The company constructed prefectures.

Style 1
According to expert nutritionist (DOH, 2022), no artificial vitamins can surpass the nutrient
of fruits and vegetable

Style
Expert nutritionist of the DOH (2022) says that no vitamins can surpass the nutrient of fruit
and vegetables.

Tentative Statement
The Engineer supervises the construction. He prepares the vouches for the
construction workers. He disburses their wages.

Final Statement

The engineer supervises the construction, prepares the vouches and disburses the wages of
the construction workers.

Active Style

Our computer analyst programmed a quick computation of thirteenth month pay.

Passive Style

A quick computation of thirteenth month pay was programmed by our computer analyst.

Styles in Expressing Time

For us to understand 12-hours clock and 24-hours digitals clock lets us know first the scope
of ante meridian (a.m.) post meridian (p.m.). Antemeridian starts from the entry of the
smallest unit of time after twelve of the clock midnight and ends at exactly twelve of the
clock noon thereafter. Post meridian starts from the entry of the smallest unit of time after
twelve of the clock at midnight thereafter. Business transaction, contract monitoring and
management of activities demand maximization and precision of time.

For the 12- hours clock cycle

The time span therefore from

12:00:01 midnight to 12:00:00 noon- is a.m. and
Form 12:00:01 noon to 12:00:00 midnight is- p.m.

For the 24- hour clock cycle

The period from 00:00:01 midnight to 12:00:00

noon – is a.m. and from 12:00:00 noon to
24:00:00 midnight – p.m.
 Thus, 22:00:00:06 is 10:00:06 p.m. (evening).

Statements Involving Numbers and Letters

We corroborate with the truth that a writer may invoke his right to liberty of
syntactic, style and expression. However certain rules govern some writing manners like the
information penned hereafter:

1.A sentence shall never start with a number in figure.

Proper : Ninety buildings were completed last year.

Improper: 90 buildings were completed last year.

2. The numbers 21-99 when written in words shall be hyphenated.

Proper : Twenty- six pesos was generated by the video
games.

Improper: Twenty six pesos was generated by the video

games.

3. A single digit number in a statement shall be indicated in word.

Proper : We installed nine transmitters.

Improper : We installed 9 transmitters.

.

4. Two or more separate numbers, regardless of the number of digits,

appearing in the same sentence shall be indicated figures.

Proper : Our Company ordered 5 wagons and 17 limousines.

Improper : Our Company ordered five wagons and 17 limousines.

5. Spell out ordinal numbers 1st to 12th when used as nomenclatures.

Proper Improper
Second Avenue 2nd Avenue
First Honors 1st Honors
Twelfth Street 12th Street
21st Phase Twenty- First Phase

6. Spell out the first number if succeeding numbers appear in a

statement, except if the length of the first number warrants the next
number be stated in word.

Proper : We are bidding for two 4,000 square

Meter lots (2lots are involved)

Improper : We are bidding for 2 four thousands

Square meter lots.

Proper : We are bidding for 4000 thirty square

Meter lots. (4000 lots are involved)

Improper : We are bidding for four thousand 30

square meter lots.

7. Letter description intended to be in upper case shall be in such form

and shall be hyphenated.

Example:
U – turn
T – shirts
V - neck
F – test

But indicate:
t- test
e- mail
e- commerce

8. Do not hyphenate prefixes non, sub, inter, pre and others, except if
such prefixes are followed by pronoun or if such created hyphenated
expression changes the meaning of the word.

Example:
pretest non-Filipino
substandard pre-empted

Sentence Upgrading Techniques

This technique helps you to upgrade sentence using the frequently used weak verbs like am,
is, are, was and were by substituting them with vivid verbs( words substitution ) or by
modifying phrases in order to avoid monotony( phrase modification).
 Sentence 1

Our computer technicians were sick.

Word substitution
Our computer technicians got sick.
Phrase modification
Our computer technicians suffered sickness.

Sentence 2

The tower is familiar to me.

Word substitution.
The tower looks familiar to me.

Sentence 3

I am a member of the Inventors Association of the World.

Phrase modification.
I belong to the Inventors Association of the World.

Sentence 4

The road is 50 kilometers.

Word substitution.
The road spans 50 kilometers.

Sentence 5

Our projects are required to be inspected regularly.

Phrase modification 1

Our projects need to be inspected regularly.

Phrase modification 2

Our projects require regular inspection.

Definition Technique

Definition answers the question “What does it mean?”

It provides not only the synonym of the given term or phrase but a substantial amount of
words necessary to make the unfamiliar entry word, phrase or acronym comprehensible. We
should remember that we only commit intellectual confusion if we define a term by using the
root word of the given unfamiliar term.
Wrong: Addition is the act of adding.

Note: This is a bouncing definition.

Correct: Addition refers to the mathematical operation that
computes the sum of the given numbers.

Likewise, the term to be defined shall be in singular term.

Types of Definition

Sentence Definition . As the word “sentence” suggests the principal parts are required like
the term(or species), category (or genus), and differentia (or distinguishing traits).

Term (or species) refers to a relatively unfamiliar word, or phrase to be defined.

Category (or genius) means the common attribute or classification of the word or phrase.

Differentia (or distinguishing trait) is a specific attribute, characteristic or description that

makes the term different from others.

Sentence Definition

Term Category

1. Stethoscope is a medical instrument for listening to

Differentia
chest sound, as of the heart or lungs.

Term Category

2. Crane refers to a construction device

Differentia
for hoisting and carrying heavy object by means of a swinging arm or a traveling horizontal
beam.

Term Category

3.Satellite pertains to an earth – orbiting

device designed to relay radio and television

Differentia Signals.
A sentence definition which shall be in at least two lines in a technical paper may be
categorized further as Literal Definition or Operational Definition. A Literal Definition
provides the tentative meaning of the term as understood by persons in various fields.
Operational Definition, on the other hand, refers to the context or situation to which the word
is applied. To understand the two types of sentence definition, let us take one sample
technical research report entitled FIELD PERFORMANCE AND HUMAN RELATIONS
SKILLS OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS IN WISDOM UNIVERSITY.

Definition of the term University

1. Using Literal Definition

University is an accredited institution of learning that provides complete level of education
from preschool to graduate school.

2. Using Operational Definition

University refers to Wisdom University, a non-stock, non-profit, non-sectarian institution of
learning located at Commonwealth Avenue, East Fairview, Quezon City, Philippines.
Amplified Definition

We do not underestimate the meaningfulness or substantiality of a sentence definition.

However, if circumstances warrant us to construct more than one sentence as definition, we
need to do it purposely to make the term best understandable on the part of the reader.
Amplified Definition is likewise used if both the term and definition appear unfamiliar to the
reader. In constructing amplified definition, the etymology, examples, derivations,
development, descriptions application and locations may be included accordingly.

Example of Amplified Definition:

Sedative is a drug which tends to calm or soothe the nervous system. It may reduce anxiety
and excitement. An over dose may depress the brain’s respiratory control that may further
result to the cessation of breathing and eventual dearth. Sedative includes barbiturate,
tranquilizer and alcohol.

Location of Definition

In modern technical writing, definition may appear in a designated part of a paper like in the:

Definition in Terms. This is a subhead of a unit, part or chapter where key variablesof a
research paper, technical document or other instruments are defined operation or
conceptually.

Footnote. This is an annotation at the bottom of the page where definition may be included.
Endnote. A collection of term located either at the beginning or end of document, depending
on the felt need of the readers.

Sidebar. This refers to an annotation in the margin or side of the text where definitions are
indicated.

Presentation Techniques

A technical paper does not contain letter and numbers only. The paper may include textual,
graphical, tabular, and pictorial data. Presentation means displaying an information in an
appropriate medium whether in readable, visual, comprehension or decodable form. The use
of communication infrastructure enhances textual presentation and dullness of a paper.

Presentation Technique may be done in various strategies.

1. Textual presentation This is done through literal numeric exhibition

of information using the common flow of writing. Facts and data
appear simply in sentences, paragraph, lists or grouped words.
Textual or prose presentation in hand writing works may be in
manuscript or cursive forms. The use of boldface and italic surely
enhances the readability, intensity, and visual impact or printed
information..

2. Graphic presentation This employs the importation of visual aids that

reflect data. This includes the use of charts, tables, graphs, maps, clip,
arts, matrices, side bars, insets, animation and photograph.

3. Integrated presentation It uses both textual and graphic presentation

in the paper. In this writing technique, it is considered that impact of
wards need the reinforcement of graphic aid.
 Learning Enhancement Activity 2

Name Score
Progra Date
m

Instructions. Encircle the letter that represents your answer.

1. This refers to the annotation at the bottom of a page where definition

may be included.
a. endnote b. footnote c. glossary d. side bar e. definition terms

2. You need to take the _____ before the post test.

a. pretest b. prêt-est c. pre-test d. pr-etest e. fretest

3. This is a ____ company but will employ 60 percent Filipinos next

month.

a. nonFilipino b. non-Filipino c. nonfilipino d. non-filipino e. Non- Filipino

4. Spot the correct style of the statement.

a. This company needs ten trucks and 5 cranes.

b. This company needs 10 trucks and five cranes.
c. This company needs 10 trucks and 5 cranes.
d. This company needs 10 and 5 trucks and cranes.

5. Considering the totality of the statement, how should we express the

sentence?

a. The electrician broke the glass windows.

b. The glass windows were broken.
c. The electrician broke glass windows.
d. Glass windows were broken.
e. Glass windows were broken by the electrician.
6. Spot the correct style.
a. Thirty- one steels bars need to be delivered today.
b. Thirty one steel bars need to be delivered today.
c. 31 steels bards need to be delivered today.
d. 31- steel bars need to be delivered today.
e. Thirty and one bars need to be delivered today.

7. Identify the proper style.

a. We need to lease 2000 fifty square- meter lots.
b. We need to lease two thousand 50- square meter lots.
c. We need to lease 2000 50-square meter lots.
d. We need to lease two thousand fifty- square meter lots.
e. We need to lease two thousand fifty sq.m. lots

8. Which statement conforms with proper style?

a. Ninety- one information technologists will showcase their projects.
b. 91 information technologists will showcase their projects.
c. Ninety one information technologists will showcase their projects.
d. Ninety one (91) information technologists will showcase their
projects.
e. Some ninety one (91) information technologists will showcase their
projects.

9. Which time tells the same with twelve midnight and 51 minutes?
a. 12:51 b. 00:51 c. 24:51 d. 19:51 e. 22:51

10. Which time indicates ten minutes after six in the afternoon?
a. 06:10 b. 22:10 c. 18:10 d. 16:10 e. 20:10

11. Calibration is a set of operations established under specified

condition, relationship between values indicated by a measuring
instrument or measuring system, or values represented b y material
measure, and its corresponding known values of measure. Which is
the best differentia in this definition?
a. calibration
b. a set of operations
c. established under specified condition
d. values represented by material measure and its corresponding
known values of measure
12. Management refers to the process by which the executive utilizes
effectively and efficiently the resources of the organization for the
attainment of the company objectives at a maximum profit but a
minimum cost. Which is the category or genus of this definition?
a. maximum profit b. minimum cost c. management
d. the process e. utilizes effectively and efficiently

13. Which statement shows upgrading?

a. The concrete road is 70 kilometers.

b. The concrete road is 70 miles.
c. The concrete road stretches to 70 kilometers.
d. The concrete road spans 70 kilometers.
e. The concrete road measures 70 kilometers.

14. Which statement shows concision ?

a. The government completes the demolition and construction of
roads and bridges.
b. The government completes the construction of roads, bridges and
other structural projects.
c. The government completes infrastructure projects.
d. The government completes infrastructure projects like roads and
bridges.
e. The government completes roads and bridges and other
infrastructure projects.

15. Fuse these choppy statements- the Chief Engineer designs the plan.
He implements the plan. He evaluates the results of the plan.
a. The Chief Engineers designs, implements and evaluates the result
of the plan.
b. The Chief Engineers designs the plan, implements it and evaluates
its result.
c. The Chief Engineers designs, implements and then evaluates the
plan.
d. The Chief Engineers designs, implements and then evaluates the
result of the plan.
e. The Chief Engineers designs the structure of the plan, implements
the content of the plan and evaluates the result of the plan.
16. Our mass rail transit depot will be at ____
a. 8th Avenue b. 8 Avenue c. Eight Avenue d. Eight Avenue e. Eight
Avenue
17. We will rehabilitate all _______
a. u – turns b. u- Turns c. U – Turns d. U- TURNS e. U- turns
18. What is the formula of ______?
a. T- test b. T – Test c. t- test d. t – tests e. T- TEST

19. Identify the upgraded sentence.

a. Projects Inspectors visit work sites on January 1, February 1 and

so on until December 1.
b. Project Inspector normally visit work site on January 1 and so on
until December 1.
c. Projects Inspector visit work sites regularly on January 1 and so
onward to December 1.
d. Project Inspectors visit work site regularly every first day of each
month of the year.
e. Project Inspectors visit work site every first day of the month.

0. Environmentalist reported a looming global warming. Which

statement shows the passive equivalent of this statement?
a. A looming global warming is reported by environmentalists.
b. A looming global warming was reported by environmentalist.
c. A looming global warming has been reported by environmentalist.
d. A global warming has loomed as reported by environmentalists.
e. A global warming has loomed as reported by environmentalists.

Chapter 3
TECHNICAL CORRESPONDENCE

Learning Outcomes

At the progress of the course, you are expected to:

1. Construct high level modern technical correspondence needed in the work site
2. Compose a logical document embodying the essential
components of the instrument
3.Exemplify good will through prudence and objectivity in
correspondence.

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

One of the major functions of technical manager involves communication especially in

crafting letters, memoranda, orders and other similar documents, despite the fact that
electronic communication allows expeditious transaction, written communication cannot be
avoided entirely.

The Need to Write Communication

These circumstances warrant us to write our correspondence or letter;

1. Written documents may reach people, busy or idle able or crippled,

rich or poor in any place of the global village.
2. Written or printed documents are by nature evidences of transaction
or references for future use.
3. Written or printed matters conceal the idiosyncrasies or defects or the
message sender.

Parts of the Letter

1. Heading. It is the topmost part of any correspondence containing the company name,
seal or logo, company address, website, and even communication lines. It indicates the
source of the document.

Example:

WORLD BUILDERS COMPANY

Commonwealth Ave., Quezon City
www.wbc.com.ph.
2. Date. A part that shows the day, month and year when the document was written.

Example: 06 May 2022

16 July 2022

3. Inside Address. It states the name of the person or office when the letter or
forwarded. Four major information appear in this part; the names of the addressee, position,
office name, office address, and if mailed through the postal service, include the postal code
or ZIP code. The presence of the postal code facilities expeditious sorting of mails by the
machine.

Example:

ENGR. MICHAEL V. BENAVIDEZ, JR.

Project Engineer
Satellite Communication
1107 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

Note:

1. The first line spells the title, first name, middle initial, surname
and other name of the addressee in uppercase letters.

2. The second line is exclusively a space for the designation or

position which may be changed any time.

3. The third line state the name of the company, and

4. The fourth line contains the postal code followed by the

complete address or traceable location of the letter receiver.

5. Never write to a person whose complete name is known to you.

4. Salutation. This is the greeting of the letter. Common greetings may

be illustrated through these styles.

Example:

Dear Engineer Benavidez – if the writer is a

superior or of same rank with addressee.
 S i r: - if the writer considers himself a subordinate of these
addressee.

5. Body. It contains the message or content of the document this part normally includes
information about time, date, place, people, topic and mechanics of the subjects of the
document.

5. Complimentary Close. This serve as the farewell part of the document. Common closes
include yours truly, truly yours, very truly yours, sincerely, sincerely yours, respectfully
yours.

6. Signature Block. It indicates the complete name and signature of the partly who sends the
documents. Signature block denotes accountability on the part of the signatory.

7. Reference Initial. This part reflects the alphabetic. numeric or combination of both as
code of the document writer, encoder or secretary who are secondary accountable persons as
the veracity, truthfulness or authenticity of the document.

8. Copy Furnish Notation. A part of the letter spells the name of persons or offices that are
provided another copy of such document. It is indicated by cf: not cc: as the latter
communication, we dot use carbon paper anymore, the most primitive material in replicating
copies, because risograph, laser printer or other photocopying machines performs the
production of affordable multiple origal copies.

9. Postscript. It reiterates stresses or emphasizes information that is stated at the body of the
document. It does not supply a forgotten information. In some cases writer use N.B. ( nota
bene ) or note well or simply “note”.

10. Enclosure Notation. Also called Attachment, denotes that other document accompanies
the main paper. Below the signature block the writer indicates: enclose as stated or attached
as stated.

11. Notation Line. A part indicated below the signature that contains the name and signature
of the signatory’s superior. The notation line evidences that the signatory thereon consents or
is knowledgeable or aware about the totality of that document. Normally, “Noted”. appears
which means consented “Noted by:” means consented by a proxy of the noting party.

12. Subject Line. It spells the topic of the document or a memorandum.

 13. Date Line. In a memorandum, the date when the instrument was penned by the issuing
party.

14. Sender Line. This is a part of the memorandum that reflects the position only of the
issuing authority.

15. Addressee Line. It is part of the memorandum that indicates the name of limited number
of memorandum receiver collectivity of concerned addressees.

16. Through Line. This part of a document shows the channel, the immediate superior
whom the sender channels a document intended to be sent to further higher ranks in the same
organization. As member of protocol, this procedure avoids by passing the immediate
supervisor, and I a prudent showing of ethics about communication processes.

17. Attention Line. A part indicated on the letter, if the sender intends to convey a written
message to a subordinate of a superior in another organization. As a matter of protocol again,
courtesy needs to be accorded to the chief of office who will thereafter signal an action of a
subordinate whose name appears at the attention line.

Illustration of Some Parts of a Letter

Transmittal Letter
WORLD BUILDERS COMPANY
Project Division (Heading)
10 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

10 April 2022 (Date)

ENGR. DARIO M. ORENCIA

President (Inside Address)
World Builders Company
10 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

THROUGH: ENGNR. RYDELLE T. PALABASAN

Vice President (Through Line)

S i r: (Salutation)
We are forwarding to your office the Bid document for the proposed
Central Office Building of the Net Telecommunication Company for your further comments
and approval.

Thank you. (Body)

Yours truly, (Complimentary Close)

ENGR. JOSEPH T. RESPICIO

Project Engineer (Signature Block)

Noted: (Notation Line)

ENGR. REYNALDO M. DELA CRUZ

Chief, Project Division

rab ’22 (Reference Initial)

Enclosed a/s: Bid Documents

(Enclosure Notation or Attachment Notation)

Copy furnished: 1. Accounting Division

2. Human Resource Division
(Copy furnish notation)

Note Again 1. Using cc: (carbon copy) is not applicable at present

because we all use original printed copies using modern printer and not
through carbon paper replication any more.

2. In the Through Line: if more than two names are involved use THROUGH
CHANNELS instead of the names.

Request Letter

GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY

101 EDSA, Quezon City

10 May 2022

ENGR. DARIO M. ORENCIA

President
World Builders Company
10 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

ATTENTION: ENGR. JOSEPH T. RESPICIO

Project Engineer (Attention Line)

S i r:

In relation to your project proposal, may we request to you furnish us a

copy of your Project Engineer’s curriculum vitae.

Thank you.

Yours truly,

ENGR. RONALYN S. AGUINALDO

Chief Engineer

Memorandum

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CENTER

Centro, Cebu City

MEMORANDUM TO ALL: ALL EMPLOYEES (Addressee Line)

FROM : The Manager (Sender Line)
SUBJECT : Updating of Form R-201 (Subject Line)
DATE : 02 February 2022 (Date Line)

Based on the Board Meeting dated 22 January 2017, the company will
effect another salary adjustment effective 01 April 2017. Such salary
adjustment shall be based on performance and other criteria spelled in
our Employee Manual.

In view hereof, we require you to update your Form R- 201 until 25

February 2022 for objective determination of your salary rate.

For your information and compliance.

ALBERT A. VINLUAN

Format of a Document
Modern Format
__________________
__________________
__________________ Heading
__________________
2 spaces

__________________ Date

__________________
__________________
__________________ Inside Address
__________________
2 spaces

__________________ Salutation
2 spaces

________________________________________________________________________
__________________
2 spaces Body

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2 spaces

_________________ Complimentary Close

4 spaces

_________________ Signature Block

2 spaces
_________________Reference Initial
2 spaces
_________________Copy Furnish Notation
2 spaces
_________________Postscript
Traditional Format

_________________
_________________ Heading
_________________

Date _________

_________________
_________________ Inside Address
_________________

_________________Salutation

________________________________
________________________________
________________________________ Body
________________________________

Complimentary Close ____________

Signature Block _____________

______________ Reference Initial

______________ Enclosure Notation

Lease Contract

LEASE CONTRACT

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS:

This lease contract made and entered into this 10 January 2022 in
Cubao, Quezon City, by and between:
 HOME DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, a corporation duly organized and existing
under Philippine laws with office address at 101 Aurora Boulevard corner EDSA, Cubao,
Quezon City, represented in this contract by its Chief Executive Officer Fernando C.
Maginoo, herein referred to as the LESSOR;

- and -

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, a corporation duly organized

and existing under and by virtue of the Philippines laws with principal address at Espana
Boulevard, Manila, represented in this contract by its Human Resource Management Officer
MAYUMI C. FILIPINA, herein after reffered to as the LESSEE.

WITNESSETH: THAT

WHEREAS, the LESSOR is the absolute owner of a residential property

located at 101 Auroa Boulevard corner EDSA, Cubao, Quezon City with
assigned parking slot P-9, herein after reffered to as the “Leased
Premises”

WHEREAS, the LESSEE desires to lease the Leased premised and the
LESSOR is willing to lease the same unto the LESSEE, including the
appliances, furniture and furnishing as listed per Annex A and subject to
the following terms and conditions hereinafter specified;

NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the forgoing premises

and the mutual covenants and obligations hereinafter contained and to be
performed, the LESSOR hereby leases and the LESSEE hereby accepts
by way of lease form the LESSOR the leased premises subject to the
following terms and conditions:

TERM. The lease shall be for a period of one (1) year, commencing on 02 January 20022 to
02 January 2023, renewable for another term upon mutual agreement by both parties subject
to the contract terms mutually acceptable. Notice of intention to extend the term of the (60)
days before the expiration of the contract. In case notice is given to terminate the contract, the
LESSOR shall be free to show the unit to prospective tenants during the aforementioned sixty
(60) days period during reasonable hours of the day upon prior appointment with the
LESSEE.

RENTAL. The parties herein agree that the rental shall be SIXTY THOUSAND PESOS
(60,000.00) per month excluding five percent (5%) withholding tax, ten percent (10%)
expanded value added tax (EVAT), monthly association dues which shall be for the account
of the LESSEE.

The LESSEE has paid the amount of ONE HUNDRED TWENTY THOUSANDPESOS (Php
120,000.00) representing two (2) months security deposit in case for unpaid bills for water,
electricity, telephone, gas and any damages to the leased premises and furnishings listed in
Annex A hereof, aside from the natural wear and tear. The balance if any shall be returned to
the LESSEE by the LESSOR within sixty (60) days after termination of this contract,
provided that all accounts such as utilities, telephone bills, water, electricity and damages to
the Leased Premises and furnishing, natural wear and tear expected, shall have been fully
settled. However, if the deposit is not enough to pay all unpaid bills and/or damages to the
Leased Premises and furnishing, the difference in amount shall be paid by the LESSEE to the
LESSOR upon demand.

On or before 02 January 2006, the LESSEEshall pay to the LESSOR the amount of SEVEN
HUNDRED TWENTY THOUSAND PESOS ( Php 720,000.00 ) exclusive of monthly dues
and taxes representing one ( 1 ) year advance rental, for the period covering 02 January 2006
to 02 January 2007. Details of payment as follow:
a. The sum of SEVEN HUNDRED TWENTY THOUSAND PESOS ( Php
720,000.00 ) net of taxes payable to the LESSOR as one ( 1 ) year advance rental,
for inclusive dates of 02 January 2022 to 02 January 2023. The sum of THIRTY
SIX THOUSAND PESOS ( Php 36,000.00 ) shall be remitted to Bureau of
Internal Revenue on behalf of the LESSOR representing payment of 5%
withholding tax.

b. The amount of SEVENTY THOUSAND PESOS ( Php 70,000.00 ) payable to

HOME DEVELOPMENT COMPANY as one ( 1 ) year advance for the monthly
association dues.

UTILITIES. All expenses for water, gas, telephone, electricity, and incidental expenses for
use of the HOMEOWNERS CLUB facilities and other services rendered in the LESSEE’S
favor shall be for the account of the LESSEE.

IMPROVEMENTS. The LESSEE shall not make any structural changes, alterations or
improvements in the leased premises without the written consent of the LESSOR. However,
any major alterations or improvements made or introduced by the LESSEE which are not
detachable in character, shall upon termination of this contract automatically inure to the
benefit of the leased premises and become the property of the LESSOR without any
obligation on the latter’s part to pay or refund its value or cost to the LESSEE.

PURPOSE. The Leased Premises, subject matter of this contract of lease shall be used
exclusively for residential purpose of the LESSEE’S assigned occupant and his family, his
household help and the occasional guests.

SUBLEASE. The Leased Premises may not be subleased without the written consent of the
LESSOR.
SANITATION AND REPAIR. The LESSEE shall keep the leased premises in clean and
sanitary condition. Repairs above Php 5,000.00 on the leased premises not attributable to the
LESSEE shall be for the account of the LESSOR , and such damages caused by fire, flood,
earthquake, and natural disaster or calamity without contributory negligence whatsoever on
the part of the LESSEE or any of his household or guests.

The LESSOR shall undertake the repair of the same upon written notice by the LESSEE of
such fact of damage. Each minor repair under Five Thousand Pesos ( Php 5,000.00 ) shall be
for the account of the LESSEE while any repair in excess of said amount will be for the
account of the LESSOR. The LESSEE has also seen and inspected the furnishing, furniture
and appliances listed in Annex A hereof and has found the same to be in good and useful
condition and further agrees not to use the same for any other purpose than their usual use
only within the aforementioned premises. Any loss or damage caused to the furniture and
appliances listed in Annex A due to any cause whatsoever other than the ordinary wear and
tear, fortuitous events or acts of God such as typhoon, earthquake, flood, fire not attributable
to the LESSEE shall be for the account of the LESSOR who shall immediately replace the
same to its original condition.

The LESSEE warrants the careful, judicious and proper use of the furniture, furnishings and
appliances provided in the leased premises. Any cost of maintenance repairs or damage to the
furniture, furnishings and appliances, ordinary wear and tear excepted, determined to be the
caused by the negligence, improper use or abuse of the LESSEE, his family, employers,
household help, guest and visitors shall be for the account of the LESSEE. Routine
maintenance of the appliances shall be for the account of the LESSEE.

FIRE HAZARD AND OBNOXIOUS SUBSTANCE. The LESSEE shall not keep, deposit or
store in the leased premises any obnoxious substance or flammable material or substance that
might constitute a fire hazard or increase the risk of damage or destruction to the premises.

TAXES AND FIRE INSURANCE. Real estate taxes and government assessments and fire
insurance charges shall be for the LESSOR’S account. Insurance on the personal property of
the LESSEE shall be for the LESSEE’S account.

THIRD PARTY LIABILITY. The LESSEE during his occupancy of the leased premises shall
hold the LESSOR free and harmless from any damage or liability or responsibility to any
person or property arising out of or as a consequence of the use of the leased premises by the
LESSEE’S assigned occupant, his agents, employees, domestic help and guests.

DAMAGE TO THE LEASED PREMISES. In case of damage, not attributable to the

LESSEE, such as earthquake, typhoon, war or similar concerted acts of men, notice thereof
must be made known to the LESSOR who shall upon receipt thereof, endeavor to see to it that
the leased premises are rendered in tenantable condition within the earliest reasonable time. If
however, the leased premises shall be destroy as to make the same uninhabitable, the parties
may agree to the rescission of this contract and the LESSOR is obliged to return to the
LESSEE the unapplied portion of the advance rentals and deposit. Expense for the repair and
the restoration as above indicated shall be for the account of the LESSOR.

MAINTANCE AND INSPECTION OF THE PREMISES. The LESSEE shall maintain the
leased premises in good and tenantable condition and for such purpose; the LESSOR reserves
the right at reasonable time and with notice to enter and inspect the leased premises and to
make the necessary repairs thereof. The LESSEE shall likewise agree to cooperate with
LESSOR in keeping the leased premises in good and tenantable condition.

SALE, TRANSFER AND MORTGAGE. In the event of sale transfer, mortgage or any other
encumbrance of the leased premised the LESSOR warrants that the vendee, transferee or
mortgage shall respect all term and conditions of this Lease Agreement including renewals
thereof and refund of the security and any unused advance rental if any.

EMPLOYMENT CLAUSE. The LESSEE has completed a one year lease. However on the
second year or any extension thereof should the official assigned to the leased premises be
transferred prior to the expiration of this contract. The LESSEE shall have the option of:

a. Assigning another of its executive to the leased premises, upon written notice to
the LESSOR; or

b. Terminating this contract of lease by giving sixty (60) days written notice in
advance of its intention to vacate the premises and forfeiting in favor of the
LESSOR one (1) month rental by way of liquidating damages, and the LESSOR
shall refund all unused advance rentals including the security deposit.]

SURRENDER OF THE LEASED PREMISES. The LESSEE shall immediately quit and
surrender possession of the leased premises and any improvements therein to the LESSOR at
the termination of this lease by expiration of the lease term of otherwise in as good condition
as reasonable use and wear will permit.

VIOLATION. Any materials violations of the terms herein set forth by either LESSEE of
LESSOR shall be sufficient ground for the termination of this contract of lease by the
aggrieved party with damage accruing to the innocent party.
ATTORNEY’S FEE. In case of court litigation by virtue of non- payment of the agreed rent
or any material breach of this agreement either by the LESSOR of the LESSEE, the aggrieved
party shall have the right to collect the amount equivalent to 20% of the total obligation dues
as liquidated damages and reasonable attorney’s fees.
RULES AND REGULATION. The LESSEE agrees to abide by the existing rules and
regulation promulgated by the Homeowners.
In WITHNESS WHEREOF, the parties have hereunto signed these presents on the date and
place first above mentioned

(SGD) FERNANDO C. MAGINOO (SGD) MAYUMI C. FILIPINA

Chief Executive Officer Human Resource Manager
Home Development Company Human Resource
Development Company

SIGNED IN THE PRESENCE OF:

(SGD) CELINO I. TALENTO (SGD) JOSE C. YA

Paper Size and Margin

1. Use short bond paper (8.5”x 11”)

for short message
2. Use long or legal bond paper (8.5”x13”)
for multiple pages.
3. Provide 1.5 inches for spine margin, 1 inch
for the other sides.
4. Use white paper substance 20

We likewise communicate several other documents to other parties like our Personal
Data Sheet, also called Curriculum Vitae, Personal Profile or Resume, Such paper embodies
the summary of the most important information about the paper owner. The contents of the
instrument may vary modified according to the purpose to which it is applied.

Personal Data Sheet

JUNIOR B. ANGELO
7332 Sunny Villas, Pearl St., East Fairview, Quezon City
7778889 / 09228791807

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Date of Birth : 02 January 1985

Place of Birth : New Era Medical Center, Quezon City
Gender : Male
Height : 2 meters
Weight : 85 kilograms
Civil Status : Married
Citizenship : Filipino
Nationality : Filipino
Ethnicity : Ilocano

EDUCATION

Doctor of Science in Civil Engineering

University of Wisdom
Quezon City, Philippines

Master Science in Civil Engineering

University of Knowledge
Cebu City, Philippines

Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

University of Engineering and Technology
General Santos City, Philippines

Secondary
General Santos Science Academy
General Santos City, Philippines

Elementary
San Fernando Central School
San Fernando City, Pampanga Philippines

ELIGIBILITIES

Civil Engineering Executive Examination

2010

Civil Engineering Senior Examination

2007

Civil Engineering Licensure Examination

2004

WORK EXPERIENCE
Consultant
Global Infrastructure Corporation
EDSA, Makati City

Professorial Lecturer
School of Engineering and Technology
University of Wisdom
Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City
Former Secretary
Department of Public Works and Highways
National Capital Region

District Engineer
Mandaluyong City Engineering District

SCHOLARSHIP

Asian Development Bank

Graduate Civil Engineering Scholarship

Department of Science and Technology

BS Civil Engineering Scholarship

INVENTION AND PUBLICATIONS

Quick Fix Low Cost Bridge

Intellectual Property Office

Dura Dwell affordahaus

Intellectual Property Office

Modern Structural Design

Asian Publishing Corporation

AFFILIATION

President
Philippine Association of Civil Engineering

Chairperson
Foundation of Civil Engineering Education

President
Family of Filipino Father
ACHIEVEMENT

Most Outstanding Professional Civil Engineer

Asian Development Bank

Best Filipino Father Award

Office of the President
Republic of the Philippines

Topnotcher
Civil Engineering Executive Examination

TRAINING AND SEMINARS

Resource Speaker
Technique in Structural Designing
University of Tokyo, Japan

Resource Speaker
Planning a Model Community
Mall of Asia Convention Center, Philippines

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT

Spillways Rehabilitation Volunteer

National Capital Region

Residential Structure Rehabilitation Volunteer

City of Marikina and Province of Rizal

Learning Enhancement Activity 3

 Name Score
Progra Date
m

Part 1. Instructions. Encircle the letter that represents your choice.

1. One of these does not warrant us to write communication

a. Written communication may reach people anywhere.

b .Mobile phones may be thwarted by geographic barrier.
c. Printed communications are evidence of transactions.
d. Written matters conceal the identity of the sender.
a. Electronic commerce is highly protected.

2. This part of the letter reflects the alphabetical, numeric or combination

of both as code of the writer, encoder or secretary.
a. notation line b. postscript c. enclosure notation
d. reference initial e. signature
3. A part of the document that shows the name of other persons or
offices that are given another copy.
a. body b. addressee c. through line
d. copy furnish notation e. notation line

4. A part found below the signature that spells the name of the superior
of the writer.
a. reference initial b. addressee line c. notation line
d. signature block d. signature

5. A part of the memorandum that states the position of the issuing

person.
a. date line b. sender line c. addressee line
d. subject line e. signature block

6. This part of the document shows the channel, the immediate superior
whom the sender courses a document intended to b sent to further
higher rank in the same organization.
a. protocol b. channel c. through line
d. attention linee. channel of authority

7. A part to be indicated on the letter if the sender intends to convey a

written message to a subordinate of a superior in another
organization.
 a. attention line b. through line c. protocol
d. addressee line e. copy furnish notation

8. This serve as the farewell part of the document.

a. complimentary close b. complimentary close c. salutation

d. signature e. yours truly

9. In the letter, this states the name of the person whom the document is
sent
a. heading b. inside address c. salutation
d. copy furnish notation e. addressee line

10. It reiterates stresses or emphasizes an information that is stated at

the body of the document.
a. subject line b. notation linec. postscript d. memorandum

11. If you write to an unfamiliar but superior person, you will use:
a. Truly yours b. Yours truly c. Very truly yours
d. Sincerely e. Sincerely yours

12. The number of spaces from the complimentary close to the signature
block.
a. 2 b.3 c.4 d.2.5 e.3.5

13. If you print a letter use paper but consider substance:

a. 16 b. 17 c. 18 d. 19 e.20

14. No need to indicate ZIP Code or Postal Code on your envelope if it

is:
a. Mailed through a private post office.
b. Mailed through the post office
c. Special mail
d. Priority mail
e. Handed through a messenger

15. Which statement shows concision?

a. Please kindly submit your reports.
b. Kindly submit your reports,
c. Kindly please submit your report.
d. Have compassion, please submit your reports.
e. Will you please kindly submit your reports

16. This has no complimentary close.

a. memorandum b. letter request c. application letter
d. recommendation letter e. invitation letter
17. Which is incorrect in the Inside Address?
a. The first line spells the title, complete name of the addressee.
b. The second line is a space for the position or designation
c. The third line states the name of the company.
d. The fourth line shows the postal code and complete address of the
company
e. You may write to person whose name is not known to you.

18. Which statement shall be used?

a. Attached please find the enclosed copy of a technical description.
b. Please find the enclosed copy of a technical description.
c. Please see the enclosed copy of technical description.
d. Kindly please locate the herein attached copy of technical
description.
e. Please have mercy to locate the attached herein copy of a
technical description.

19. You are sending a proposal to the male executive of another

company. Which salutation will you use?
a. Dear Sir b. Sir / Madam c. Madam d. Dear Sir / Madam e. Sir

20. How will you state the intent of the information?

a. Thank you for smoking in this public place.
b. No smoking, this is a public place.
c. Smoking is strictly prohibited in this public place.
d. This is a public place, smoker keep out.
e. Thank you for not smoking.

Part 2.Write a letter requesting a concerned agency or office, government or private

company, to do appropriate action for one these situations:
a) falling of a community bridge ,
b) devastated water spillways,
c) damaged access roads to economic zones,
d) Typhoon toppled electric posts,
e) eroded cell sites,
f) automobiles submerged in flood water, and
g) watershed forest prone to fire destruction.

Chapter 4
CREATING A PROFILE
Learning Outcomes

At the progress of the course, you are able to:

1. Prepare a factual profile of mechanisms related to their field of study.

2. Design documents related to devices taking into consideration the parts necessary to
facilitate the utilization of such devices.
3. Express in the profile the value of protecting humanity and the environment.
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

A profile or description broadly contains the specification of a mechanisms or a device. It

provides information as to uses, parts, maintenance process, operation process, and assembly
process of a device. In a broader application, a technical description may include project
description, community profile and even company profile.

Subject of Description

The subject of description may be categorized into:

1. Device Description provides sufficient illustration –in phantom view or exploded

view uses, assembly instruction, maintenance instruction, safety instruction and other
information germane to a specific equipment, instrument tool, appliance or gadget like
bandsaw, back hoe, pay loader, bulldozer, computer, screw driver, tester, welding machine
and others. Device (RA 7394) also means any instrument, apparatus, implement, machine,
contrivance, implant in vitro reagent, or other similar or related
article including any component, parts or accessory which is (1) recognized in the official
United States Pharmacopoeia National Formulary (USPNF) or any supplement to them; (2)
intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other condition, or in the cure, mitigation,
treatment or prevention of disease in man or other animals; or (3) intended to affect the
structure or any function of the body of man or other animal and which does not achieve any
of its principal intended purposes through chemical action within or on the body of man or
other animals and which is not dependent upon being metabolized for the achievement of
any of its intended purposes.
2. Substance Description indicates the chemical compositions of various states of
matter like alcohol, gas, liquid matters, petroleum products and similar trade items.

3. Place Description shows geographical location, zone, area, land use, contour,
boundaries and environmental condition of any subject area. It may include expansion area,
proposed development site, underdeveloped area, city hub, capital of the region, A
Community Profile deals with a small political unit like sitio, barangay,
municipality or district.
 4. System Operation that include respiratory system, online payment systems, flood
control system, water system, irrigation system, information system, surveillance operation
system.

5. Project Specification illustrates a unique, one- time set of activities that is intended is
intended to achieve an objective, i.e. item, service, or result, in a given time period which
may be in weeks, months, year and uses resources like human capital, materials and
equipment. It may include mass rail transit project, irrigation project, flood control project,
transmitter tower, dam, power plant and other structures.

6. Institutional Profile ( also known as Company Profile Company Brief or

Organizational Profile ) specifies the name of the company, its address, vision, mission,
brief history, products and service, affiliates, branches, subsidiaries, area of operation, assets,
key officers and other vital information that nay add value and knowledge about the
organization. It may include corporation, organization, club, unions, leagues, foundations,
federations or any constitution of persons or judicial persons.

7. Program Description provides clear understanding to any activity, course of work,

field of study, specific discipline, subject, topic, event or agenda. Program refers to a group
of related projects managed in a coordinated system to obtain individually (Schwalbe, 2006).

8. Product Description illustrates the details of the results of nature, labor, thought,
chemical change, proceeds or consequence of processes performed like manufacturing,
invention or formulation.

Aspect of a Description

Physical Description
1. Name of the Device
2. Illustration, Sketch or Drawing including Labels ( example: exploded view, phantom
view, side view or top view)
3. Brief General Description (use, length, width, height, depth, weight, color, texture,
shape, composition)
Process Description
1. Functions of each part
2. How to Assemble
3. How to Operate
4. How to Maintain
5. Formulation
Indicative Description
1. Indication or contraindications
2. Warning, Caution and Danger Signs
3. Intellectual Property Rating
Phenomenal Description
These are special description that may not be totally related to the subjects of
description mentioned earlier but these may help everybody in the work site.
1. Typhoon Signals
2. Earthquake Intensity

Common Physical Descriptions

age material weight amount moisture

dimension color method depth pattern
finish smell gender size height
shape I ingredient taste length width
location

Common Indicative Description

Danger indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result to death
or a serious injury. It also denotes a jeopardy, exposure to loss, injury or peril.

Warning indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided could result in
death or a serious injury. It is pointing out of danger, a protest against incurring it. The
purpose of warning is to apprise a party of the existence of dander of which is not aware to
enable him to protect himself against it and where the party is aware of the danger, the
warning will serve no useful purpose and is unnecessary, and there is no duty to warn against
risks which are open and obvious.

Caution indicates the hazardous situation which in not avoided, may result in minor or
moderate injury. It aims to warm, Exhort, take heed, or give notice of danger.

Further all the vital instruction in the safe utilization of products like manufacturing date,
serviceability span, acquisition date, expiry date need to be indicated there on as connoted by
these ( Blinn, 1989 ): 1 out of 7 lawsuits involved machines that had been being used for 40
years; 1 out of 4 lawsuits involved machines that had been being used for 30 years; and
almost all product liability claims involved many machines that have been being used for 20
years. So, then machines get old, they shall be junked or recycle or refurbished but not to be
resold.

Some Technical Signals

Earthquake Intensity

Magnitude 1.0 – 3.0 ( Intensity ). The earthquake may not be felt at all.

Magnitude 3.0 – 3.9 ( Intensity II-III ) . The earthquake may be felt by people who are
sitting still or by people who may be on the upper floods of tall building. Parker cars may
rock slightly.
Magnitude 4.0 – 4.9 ( Intensity IV- V ). The earthquake is noticed by people indoors at any
time of the day and it affects windows and doors. It is enough to wake people during night.
This quake typically breaks dishes and glass item in cabinets.

Magnitude 5.0 – 5.9 ( Intensity VI – VII ). Everyone will notice the quake which will be
strong enough to create fear and panic among those in the area. This quake move large pieces
of furniture and may crack plaster in walls. The quake may create a minor damage I well-
designed buildings, moderate damage in the typical buildings and considerable damage in
poorly design building.

Magnitude 6.0 – 6.9 ( Intensity VII – XI ). Everyone feels the quakes that cause fear and
panic. The quake damage almost all the poorly designed buildings include the well designed
structures.

Magnitude 7.0 – and Higher ( Intensity VIII and above ). This quake topples chimneys,
shifts some buildings off their foundation, destroys buildings and bounces objects into the
air. ( United State Geological Survey )

Storm Signals

Storm Signal 1

Meteorological Condition

1. This will affect the locality

2. Winds 30-60 kilometer per hour ( kph ) may come in at least 36
hours or intermitted rains may occur within 36 hours.

Impact of Winds
1. It may break twigs and branches of small trees.
2. It may partially uproot some houses of very light materials
3. It may damage crops at flowering stage.

Precaution

1. When the wind became stronger, it may be ungraded to the next

higher level.
2. The waves on coastal waters may gradually develop and became
bigger and higher
3. Everybody needs to monitor update from the weather bureau.
Business continue as usual except when the flood occurs.

Storm Signal 2
Meteorological Condition
1. Tropical cyclone will affect the locality
2. Except winds or greater than 60 kph and up to 100 kph at least 24
hours.

Impact of the Wind

1. Wind may tilt some coconut trees.

2. It may uproot big trees and down several crops.
3. It may peel off old galvanized iron roofs and may create light to
moderate damage the exposed communities.

Precaution

1. The sea and coastal waters are dangerous to small sea crafts.
2. Give special attention to the latest position, direction, speed and
intensity of the storm as it may towards the community.
3. The general public needs to avoid travelling by sea and air.
4. Postpone outdoor activities of children.
5. Secure properties before the signal is upgraded.
6. Disaster preparedness agencies need to alert their communities.

Storm Signal 3

Meteorological Condition

1. A tropical storm will affect the community.

2. Expect winds of greater than 100kph up to 185kph in at least 18
hours.

Impact of the Wind

1. It may break many coconut trees.

2. It may uproot almost all crops and large number of trees.
3. It may unroof majority of houses made of light materials and create
considerable damage to structures.
4. It may create widespread disruption of electrical powers and
communication services.

Precautions

1. The disturbance is dangerous to the communities affected.

2. The sea and coastal water will be very dangerous to all sea crafts.
3. Travel is very risky especially by sea and air.
4. People need to seek shelter in strong buildings, evacuate low- lying
 areas and to stay away from the coast and river banks.
5. Monitor the passage of the “eye” of the typhoon indicated by a
sudden occurrence of fair weather immediately after very bad
weather with very strong winds coming generally from the North.
6. When the “eye” of the typhoon hits the community, do not venture
the away from the safe shelter because in one to two hours the
worst weather will resume with the very strong winds coming from
the south.
7. Suspended all classes in all levels.
8. Alert disaster preparedness and response agencies.

Storm Signal 4

Meteorological Conditions

1. A very intense typhoon will affect the community.

2. Expect very strong wind of more than 185kph in at least 12 hours.

Impact of the Wind

1. Coconut plantation suffer extensive damage, the wind may uproot

large trees.
2. It may severely damage most residential; and institutional building
of mixed construction.
3. It may severely disrupt electrical power distribution and
communication services.
4. It can bring very heavy damage to affected communities.

Precautions

1. The phenomenon is potentially very destructive to the community.

2. Cancel all travels and outdoor activities.
3. The eye of the typhoon may directly hit the community. When the
eye of the typhoon approaches the weather will continuously
worsen with the wind gaining strength coming weather with light
wind will be experienced. This means that the eye of the typhoon is
over the locality. This improved weather (lull) will last for one to two
hours depending on the diameter of the eye and the speed of
movement. As the eye moves out of the locality, the worst weather
experienced before the lull will suddenly commence with the very
strong wind coming generally from the South.
4. The disaster response organizations are full alert and ready to act
on calamities. (http://kidlat.pagasa.dost.gov.ph).

Mandated Product Descriptions

 Label ( RA 7394), also subsumed in common term description, means the display of
written, printed of graphic literature or other suitable product, its immediate container, tag,
purpose of giving information as to identity, components, ingredients, attributes, direction for
use, specification and such other information as may be required by law or regulation.

Label of Consumer Products

All consumer products domestically sold whether manufactured locally or imported

shall indicate the following in their respective labels of packaging.

1. Correct and registered trade name or brand name

2. Duly registered trademark
3. Duly registered business name
4. Address of the manufacturer, importer, repacker of the consumer
product in the Philippines.
5. General make up or active ingredients.
6. The net quantity of contents in terms of weight, measure, or
numerical count rounded off to least the nearest tenths in the
metric system.
7.Country of manufacture, if imported
8. If a consumer product is manufactured, refilled or repacked under
license from a principal, the label shall also state the fact
9. Whether the product is flammable or inflammable
10.Direction for use, if necessary
11. Warning for toxicity
12. Wattage, voltage or amperes
13. Process of manufacture use, if necessary

Such applicable word, statement or other information required shall appear on the
label with such conspicuousness as compared with other words, statements, designs or
devices therein and such terms as to render it likely to be read and understood by the
ordinary individual under customary conditions of purchase or use.

The aforementioned requirements shall form an integral part of the label without
danger of being erased or detached under ordinary handing of the product.

In addition to the aforementioned requirements, these information shall also appear on

the label of commercial food products:

1. Common or usual name of ingredients.

2. Expiration date
 3. Whether the consumer products is semi-processed, fully
processed, ready- to –cook, ready- to – eat, prepared food or just
plain mixture.
4. Nutritive value, if any
5. Whether the ingredient used are natural or synthetic, as the case
may be.

Label of Cosmetics

Aside from the aforementioned general requirements for consumer product, these
information shall be also appear on the label cosmetics items:

1. Common or usual name of its ingredients

2. Expiration date
3. Whether not it may be an irritant
4. Precaution or contraindications
5. Label of Drug Product

Every manufacturer, importer, distributor, wholesaler, trader, or retailer of a drug and

medicine intended for sale shall display the retail price which shall not exceed the maximum
retail price approved by order of the President of the Philippines. The maximum retail price
shall be printed on the label of the immediate container of the drug and medicine and the
minimum pack thereof offered for retail sale with the words”

RETAIL PRICE NOT TO EXCEED” preceding it and “UNDER DRUG PRICE

REGULATION” on a red strip.

For food supplements, the statement “ No Approved Therapeutic Claim” is now changed to “
MAHALAGANG PAALALA: ANG ( NAME OF PRODUCT) AY HINDI GAMOT AT
HINDI DAPAT GAMITIN PANGGAMOT SA ANUMANG URI NG SAKIT” ( Important
Reminder: ( Name of Product) is not a medicine and must not be used to cure any type of
disease) ( DOH OA 2010- 008, www.doh.gov.ph).

Label of Hazardous Substances

Any of these shall appear appropriately on the label of hazardous substance:

1. Name of the place of business of the manufacturer, packer distributor or seller.

2. Common or usual name of the chemical name, if there be no common or usual name, of
the hazardous substance or of its component which contributes substantially department by
regulation permits or requires the use of recognized generic name.
3. The signal word “ DANGER” on substance which are extremely flammable, corrosive
or highly toxic
4. The signal word “WARNING” or “CAUTION” with a bright red or orange color with a
black symbol on all other hazardous substances.
 5. A clear statement as to the possible injury it may cause if used improperly
6. Precautionary measures describing the action to be followed or avoided
7. Instruction when necessary or appropriate for first-aid treatment
8. The word “POISON” for any hazardous substance which is defined as highly toxic
9. Instruction for handling storage of package which require special care in handling
storage.
10. The statement “KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN” or its practical equivalent,
if the article is not intended for use by children and is not a banned hazardous substance with
adequate direction for the protection of children from the hazard involved.

The aforementioned signal words, affirmative statements, description of precautionary

measures, necessary instruction or other words or statement may be in English language or
its equivalent Filipino.

Film and Audio- Visual Ratings

Film and audio- visual censorship becomes very necessary these greatly influence thought
and action command a high degree of attention and retention as compared to printed word.
The combination of act and speech, sight and sound will have a strong impact on the minds
of the viewers and can affect emotion. Such audio-visual materials, therefore, have much
potential to violence or instill good behavior. Any motion picture or film certification board
needs to review, rate and censor prudently movies, television, shows, advertisements and
promotional materials purportedly to protect the viewers.

The Philippine movie television Review and classification board uses these rating for
censorship and must be indicated on product levels or screens (
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movie-and-Telivition ):

Movie. G or GP General Patronage. All ages admitted.

PG – 13 – Parental Guidance. Children under 13 must be accompanied by an adult
R- Restricted. Children under 17 must be accompanied by an adult aged 18 or older
R-13- Strictly for person 13 years and over
R-18 Strictly for adults
X- Not for public viewing

Television
G – General Patronage. Generally suitable for all audiences. The rating may apply mostly for
children’s Programming although informational, religion, how to, otherwise. Generally
inoffensive content also falls into this category.
PG – Parental Guidance. It may contain scenes of other content that may need the guidance of
a parent. It may also contain sensitive themes, infrequent coarse language, moderate violence
and frightening Image. Program that are broadcast live, i.e. variety and game shows, are
typically rated PG for their suggestive dialogue or humor.
SPG – Strong Parental Guidance. It may contain strong content such as mature themes,
intensive violence, strong language, suggestive dialogue and humors, sexual scenes, horror
content, and drug usage which may be deemed unfit for children to watch without strict
parental supervision.

Home Video are also censored now by the MTRCB while radio censorship is done by the
Association of Broadcasters of the Philippines (KBP).

Visual Material Banned for Viewing

A movie, compact disc, or any item for viewing shall be disapproved for viewing if:

1. The average person, applying contemporary community standards, would find that the
dominant theme of the work as a whole appeals to prurient interest and satisfies only the
graving for gratuitous sex and/or violence.
2. The work depicts in a patently, lewd, offensive, or demanding manner, excretory
functions and sexual conduct such as sexual intercourse, masturbation, and exhibition of the
genitals.
3. The work clearly constitutes an attack against any race, creed or religion.
4. The work condones or encourages the use of illegal drugs and substances.
5. The work tends to undermine the faith and confidence of the people in the government
and/or duly constituted authorities.
6. The work glorifies criminals or condones crimes.
7. The work is libelous or defamatory to the good name and reputation of any person,
whether living or dead.

The Need to Prepare a Description

We need to prepare technical description for these reasons:

1. It will facilitate a person skilled in art to replicate the prototype for human enjoyment
respecting the intellectual property right of the creator.
2. The technical description helps consumer or users understand the totality of the
composition of the subject being described.
3. The technical description provides details for the issuance of warranty forged between
the distributor and the consumer.
4. It provides specific instruction as to the general use, operation, assembly, maintenance,
formulation and possession of the subject given attributes.
5. It is a requirement in the making of proposal application for patent or for registration,
and for publication.
6. It indicated the uniqueness of the subject being described from other related intellectual
property.
 Product Description

GLUTAPHOS

Glutaphos is an excellent brain vitamin that has Glutamic Acid, Di-Calcium Phosphate
and other essential brain nutrients that help improve mental alertness and enhance
intelligence.

Benefits

1. Refreshes dull and sluggish system in cases of mental fatigue

2.Enhances productivity, concentration, receptiveness, memory and
alertness.

Active Components

Glutamic Acid is a neurotransmitter that facilitates rapid transit of nerve

impulses in the brain which helps improve mental and physical alertness
and enhance intelligence.

Di-Calcium Phosphate is a source of Calcium and Phosphorous for the

body. Calcium is vital for nerve and muscle function while Phosphorous
helps in the temporary storage and transfer of energy from food.

Thiamine ( Vitamin B1 ) helps turn carbohydrates into energy.

Vitamin B12 helps maintain healthy nerve cells for improved alertness,
Learning ability and remarkable enhancement of thinking and memory.

Intended Takers
1. Adult and children over 12 years: 1-2 tablets after meals.
2. Students and scholars who experience long strenuous mental
activities: 1-2 tablets after meals ( maximum of 6 tablets / day ).

Product Details

Registration Number : DR – 2375

Generic Name :Glutamic acid + Dicalcium phosphate +
Thiamine hydrochloride ( Vitamin B1 ) +
Cyanocobalamin
Brand Name : Glutaphos
Phamacologic Category: Neurotonic
Classification : Over –The- Counter
Shelf-life : 36 months
Storage Condition : Store at temperatures not exceeding 30
 Place Description

LOT 1

A certain land situated in the City of Caloocan, Metro Manila (formerly Municipality of
Caloocan, Province of Rizal, Philippines) bounded and described as follows:

A parcel of land ( Lot 4-B of the subdivision plan (LRC) Psd – 333677, approved as a non-
subdivision project, being a portion of Lot 4, Block 18, Pcs – 3134, L.R.C (GLRO Record
No. 6563), situated in the District of the Novaliches, Caloocan City, Metro Manila, Island of
Luzon. Bounded on the N., points 3 to 4 by Lot 4 – A of the subdivision plan; on the E.,
points 4 to 1 by Lot 3; on the S., point 1 to 2, by Lot 2; both of Block 18 Pcs – 3134; and on
the w., points 2 to 3 by Road Lot 13; Pcs – 3143; Beginning at a point mark “1” on plan,
being N. 2 degree, 15”E., 900.56 m. from C.B.M No 18, Quezon City, thence West., 28.00
m. to point 2; thence N.4 degree 04 “W., 8.86 m. to point 3; thence East., 28.62 m. to point 4;
thence South., 8.84 m. to the point of beginning; containing an area of TWO HUNDRED
FIIFTY (250) SQUARE METERS, more or less. All points referred to are indicated on the
plan and are marked on by the ground as follows; points 1 and 2 by old PLS and the rest
original survey, September 1907 – March 1908, and that of the subdivision survey, executed
by Ariel L. Borlado Geodetic Engineer, on January 30, 1986.

Process Description

DIGITAL MULTIMETER
(http://www.kew-cp.jp)

1. SAFETY WARNINGS

This instrument has been designed, manufactured and tested according to the following
standards:

IEC 61010- Over voltage CAT III 300V Pollution degree

2

IEC 61010-2-031
IEC 61326

This institute manual contains warnings and safety rules which must be observed by the user
to ensure safe operation of through these operating instructions before using the instrument.
1. Read through and understand
instruction contained in this manual before
starting using the instrument.
2. Save and keep the manual handy to
enable to quick reference whenever

Be sure to observe the above instruction.

Failure to follow the above instruction may cause injury, instrument damage and / or damage
to equipment under test.

The symbol indicated on the instrument means that the user must refer to related parts in
the manual or safe operation of the instrument. Be sure to carefully read the instructions
following each symbol in the manual.

DANGER is reserved for conditions

and actions that are likely to cause or
serious or fatal injury.

WARNING is reserved for

1. Never make measurement on
the circle in which electrical
potential to ground oven 300V
AC/DC exists.
2. Do not attempt to make

WARNING

1. Never attempt to make any

measurement if any abnormal conditions
are noted, such as broken case, cracked
test leads and exposed metal parts.
2. Do not turn the function selector
switches with test leads connected to the

CAUTION

5. Always make sure to check

Function Switches is set to the
appropriate range before starting
measurement.
6. Do not expose the instrument to the
direct sun, high temperature and
humidity or dewfall

Please refer to the explanation to the symbols marker on the instruments or in the manual.
If we write project profile or technical distribution for our work, we also prepare personal
profile, curriculum vitae, and personal information sheets or sometimes called resume for our
persons, company brier or institution profile for organization and companies, and the
community profile for communities.

Community Profile

THE HOLY CITY

Physical Feature

The Holy City or New Jerusalem is also the new heaven and the new earth. It is
shining like a precious stone, like jasper, clear as crystal with glory of God.

It has a great, high wall with twelve gates and with twelve angels in charge of the
gates. On the gates are written the names of the twelve tribes of the people of Israel. There
are three gates on each sides: three on the east, three on the south, three on the north, and
three on the west, The City’s wall is built on twelve foundation stones. The city is perfectly
square as wide as its length. It is fifteen hundred miles (2413.5 kilometers) long and is as
wide and as high as it is long. The wall is 216 feet (69.32 meter) high made of jasper and city
is made of pure gold, as clear as glass. The foundation stones of the city wall are adorned
with all kinds of precious stones. The first foundation stone is jasper, the second is sapphire,
the third agate, the fourth is emerald, the fifth onyx, the sixth is carnelian, the seventh yellow
quartz, the eight beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chalcedony, the eleventh turquoise, the
twelfth amethyst. The twelve gates were twelve pearl; each gate is made from the single
pearl. The street of the city is of pure gold, transparent glass.

The City has no sun and moon, because the glory of God shines on it. The gates of the
city are permanently open. In the city is a river of the water of life sparking like crystal that
flows down the middle of the city’s street. No night in the City (Rev. 21-22 TEV).

Economy and Health

The residents of the city are fruitarians because on each side of the river is a tree of
life which bears fruits twelve times annually. The city has zero unemployment, morbidity,
and mortality rate.

Description of the Inhabitants

 The number of inhabitants is not like the sand of the sea. They no longer have pains,
no tears, no mourning, no crying, no death, for they have perpetual life.

The Holy City has no cowards, traitors, perverts, murderers, thieves, corrupt, liar,
gays, lesbians, sorcerers, immoral, those who practice magic, those who worship idols, or
graven images, those who live in impurity, licentiousness, enmity, strife, jealousy, anger,
selfishness, dissension, party spirit, envy, drunkenness, carousing and the like (Gal 5:19-
21RSV; Rev. 21-22 TEV).

Learning Enhancement Activity 4

Name Score
Progra Date
m

Instructions: Perform the following items as specified.

Part I. Encircle the letter that represents your answer.

1. This is excluded in the list of subject for technical description.

a. tools b. ideas c. organisms d. substances e. systems

2. Parts of the technical description exclude:

a. name of the mechanism c. functions
b. illustration d. procedure e. warranty

3. Other parts of the technical description exclude:

a. warning, caution and danger signs
b. formulation c. process d. dosage e. purchase certificate

4. Technical description may include these, except:

a. length b. height c. texture d. ingredients e. wishes

5. This indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided

could result in death or seriously injury.
 a. signal b. warning c. caution d. danger e. serious
6. This indicates an imminently hazardous situation which if, not avoided
will result I death serious injury.
a. serious b. warning c. caution d. danger e. signal

7. High voltage!
a. danger b. caution c. warning d. serious e. signal

8. A parcel of land situated in the City of Cebu.

a. location description b. physical description c. formulation
d. instruction manual e. brochure

9. Be sure to follow all safety tips

a. technical description b. process description
c. instruction manual d. how to assemble e. how to maintain

10. Add 10 ml of solution A every after three days.

a. dosage b. formulation c. ingredients d. strength e. power

Part 2. Write a technical description. Choose one related to your program from the types
below. Be guided by the parts of a technical description applicable to your subject. Use short
bond paper. Do not write at the back of each sheet.
a. tools and machinery
b. organisms
c. substance
d. systems
e. projects
Chapter 5
WRITING A PROPOSAL

Learning Outcomes

At the progress of the course, you are expected to:

1. Prepare a realistic technical proposal including attachments thereto based on the

requirements of the receiving party
2. Accomplish a proposal following either a prescribed or generally accepted format
3. Propose to the receiving parties to implement or adopt a plan, concept or innovations.

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

Countless innovations have been done though the approval of proposals. Millions of
transactions have been successful because of sound offers and numerous works have been a
accomplished as results of realized recommendations of proponents and experts
through technical proposals.

Proposal pertains to a plan, offer, action or alternative for consideration, creation,

acceptance and implementation for the betterment of an organization a system or a device.

Types of Proposals According to Areas of Concern

1. Product Proposal. It recommends a new device, item, instrument or gadget made out of
physical labor or intellectual effort. It also includes inventions for patenting, items for
registration and adoption of new mechanism or modifications thereof like innovation,
upgrading, downgrading, upsizing, or downsizing the product.

2. Project Proposal. This type of proposal conceptualizes a design that hopes for a success
through a combination of mental and physical efforts and will only end upon the attainment of
its objectives. It includes power plants, highways, ports, airports, canals, dams, hydropower
projects, water supply, irrigation, telecommunications railroads and railways, transport
system, land reclamation projects, industrial estates or townships, housing, government
buildings, tourism projects, markets, slaughterhouses, warehouses, solid waste management,
information technology networks and data base infrastructure education and health facilities,
sewerage, drainage, dredging and similar projects that provide satisfaction to users.

3. Program Proposal. This offers a combination of related component projects that aim to
proved benefits but can not succeed individually without doing them collectively. This
includes barangay Electrification Program which aims to provide power supply in all
barangays in the entire archipelago. At the end of the program duration, the existence of one
barangay without electricity is tantamount to failure of the entire program. Another program
includes the roads and bridges rehabilitation that aims to make all national roads in the entire
country passable and concrete at the end of one decade. Again, the presence of a temporary
bridge at the end of the program calendar makes the entire program not successful.

The phrase program proposal likewise subsumes activity proposal that involves part
that contribute to the training collectivity of an affair, assembly, session, meeting, training,
event or occasion.

4. Service Proposal. It offers action like rendering labor, skills, mental exertion or
performance or consultancy tasks.

5. System Proposal. This attempts to elicit approval for the implementing of sets of several
tasks, aggregation or assemblage of interdependent units that can not function separately.

6.Operational Proposal. This type of proposal contains recommendation to implement

changes, steps, procedure or mechanics in accomplishing a seemingly ordinary, traditional,
obsolete or burdensome work, with facility and even at a lower cost. For instance, the
company needs to implement four (4) work days each week at ten (10) hours for each
employee without diminution in pay. Likewise, the company will be open for seven days a
week including holidays at 24 hours. That means continuous service to customer instead of
the traditional five days a week from 8:00 in the morning to 5:00 in the afternoon.

7.Organizational Proposal. In this type of proposal the proponent seeks modification in the
structure, units, department, divisions, or composition of the institution. It also promotes the
formation, dissolution, merger, amalgamation, consolidation or federation of an association,
foundation, institution or club in order to have judicial personality.

8. Research Proposal. This type of proposal presents a plan to examine a problem and the
systematic process of solving problem. A project feasibility study falls under this type of
proposal.

Types of Proposals According to Source

1. Internal Proposal. It is a plan emanating from any of the experts in the intellectual
resource of an organization. Harnessing the expertise and potential of any one in the
organization to make proposal. It will surely emancipate the company from receiving
exorbitant proposals from external sources.

2. External Proposal. An offer from outside source, hunting an opportunity to win

acceptance by the receiving party. An external proposal commands higher price if adopted.

3.Solicited Proposal. It is prepared in response to an invitation. In this type of proposal the

inviting party usually prescribes the format of the proposal to be submitted. A bid is generally
categorized as a solicited proposal in response to an invitation through newspapers or
electronic media.
4. Unsolicited Proposal. This is made based on perceived needs or problem of another party
or organization.

Public Infrastructure Proposals (RA 7718)

Through technical proposals, the private sector, being recognized as an indispensable

partner of the government for growth and development can now undertake the construction,
operation and maintenance of infrastructure and development projects (RA 7718)

The nature of the infrastructure or development project requires the proponent to know
these proposals:

1. Build- Operate-and-Transfer. It is contractual arrangement whereby the project

proponent undertakes the construction, including financing, of a given infrastructure facility
and the operation and the maintenance thereof. The project proponent to charge facility users
appropriate tolls, fees, rentals, and the charge not to exceeding these proposed in its bid or as
negotiated and incorporated in the contract to enable the project proponent to recover its
investment, and operating and maintenance expenses in the project. The project proponent
transfer the facility to the government agency or local government unit concerned at the end
of the fixed term which shall not exceed fifty (50) years (RA 7718).

2. Build- and- Transfer. This refers to a contractual arrangement whereby the project
proponent undertakes the financing and construction of a given infrastructure or development
facility and after its completion turns it over to the government agency or local government
concerned, which shall pay the proponent on an agreed schedule its total investments
expended on the project, plus a reasonable rate of return thereon. This arrangement may be
employed in the construction of any infrastructure or development project, including critical
facilities which, for security or strategic reasons, must be operated directly by the
Government.

3. Build- Own- and Operate. It pertains to a contractual arrangement whereby a project

proponent is authorized to finance, construct own, operate and maintain an infrastructure or
development facility from which proponent is allowed to recover its total investment,
operating and maintenance costs plus a reasonable return thereon by collecting tolls, fees,
rentals, or other charges from facility users. The proponent which owns the asset of the
facility may assign its operation and maintenance to facility operator.

4. Build- Lease- and Transfer. It is a contractual arrangement whereby a project proponent

is authorized to finance and construct an infrastructure or development facility and upon its
completion turns it over to the government agency or local government unit concerned on a
lease arrangement for a fixed period after which ownership of the facility is automatically
transferred to the government agency or local government unit concerned.

5. Build-Transfer-and-Operate. This refers to a contractual arrangement whereby the public

sector contracts out the building of an infrastructure facility to a private entity such that
contractor builds the facility turn-key basis, assuming cost overrun, delays and specified
performance risks. Once the facility is commissioned satisfactorily, title is transferred to the
implementing agency. The private entity however, operates the facility on behalf of the
implementing agency under an agreement.

6. Contract-Add-and-Operate. This is a contractual agreement whereby the project

proponent adds to an existing infrastructure facility which it is renting from the government. It
operates the expanded project over an agreed franchise period. Here may, or may not be, a
transfer arrangement in regard to the facility.

7. Develop-Operate-and-Transfer. This is a contractual arrangement whereby favorable

conditions external to new infrastructure project which is to be built by a private project
proponent are integrated into the arrangement by giving that entity the right to develop
adjoining property, and thus, enjoy some of the benefits the investment creates such as higher
property or rent values.

8. Rehabilitate-Operate-and-Transfer. It refers to a contractual arrangement whereby an

existing facility is turned over to the private sector to refurbish, operate and maintain for
franchise period, at the expiry of which the legal title to the facility is turned over to the
government. The term is also used to describe the purchase of an existing and consuming it
within the host country.

9. Rehabilitate-Own-and-Operate. This means a contractual arrangement whereby an

existing facility is turned over to the private sector to refurbish and operate with no time
limitation imposed on ownership. As long as the operator is not in violation of its franchise, it
can continue to operate the facility in perpetuity (RA 7718)

Bid for Infrastructure Projects

Bid for infrastructure projects refers to a signed offer or proposal submitted by a

supplier, manufacturer, distributor, contractor or consultant in response to the invitation to
bid. Infrastructure projects include the construction, improvement, rehabilitation,
demolition, repair, restoration or maintenance of roads and brigades, railway, airports,
seaports, communication facilities, civil, works component or information technology
projects, irrigation, flood control and drainage, water supply, sanitation, sewerage and solid
waste management systems, shore protection, power and electrification facilities, national
buildings, school buildings, hospital buildings, and other related construction projects.

Competitive Bidding refers to method of procurement which is open to participation

by any interested party and which consists of the following processes; advertisement, pre-bid
conference, eligibility screening of prospective bidders, receipt and opening of bids,
evaluation of bids, post qualification, and award of contract.
 Consulting Services refers to services for infrastructure Projects and other types or
activities of the government requiring adequate external technical and professional expertise
that are beyond the capability and/or capacity of the government to undertake such as, but not
limited to: (1) advisory and review services; (2) pre- investment or feasibility studies; (3)
design; (4) construction supervision; (5) management and related services; and (6) other
technical services or special studies.

Goods refer to all items, supplies, material and general support services, except
consulting services infrastructure projects, which may be needed in the transaction of public
business or in the pursuit of any government undertaking project or activity, whether in the
nature of equipment, furniture, stationary, materials for construction, or personal property of
any kind, including nonpersonal or contractual services such as the repair and maintenance of
equipment and furniture, as well as trucking, hauling, janitorial, security, and related
analogous services, as well as procurement of material and supplies provided by the procuring
entity for such services.

Procurement refers to the acquisition of goods, consulting services, and the contracting for
infrastructure projects by the procuring entity. Procurement shall also include the lease of
goods and real estate (RA 9184).

Alternatives of Competitive Bidding

Subject to the prior approval of the Head of the Procuring Entity or his duly authorized
representative, and whenever justified by the conditions provided by law, the Procuring Entity
may, in order to promote economy and efficiency, resort to any of following alternative
methods of procurement:

1. Limited Source Bidding, otherwise known as Selective Building, is a method of

procurement that involves direct invitation to bid by the procuring Entry from a set of
preselected supplier or consultation with knowledge

2. Direct Contracting, otherwise known as Single Source Procurement is method of

procurement, is a method procurement that does not require elaborate bidding document
because the supplier is simply asked to submit quotation or a pro-forma invoice together with
the conditions of sale, which offer may be accepted immediately or after some negotiations.

3. Repeat Order, a method of procurement that involves direct procurement that involves
direct procurement of goods from the previous winning bidder, whenever there is a need to
replenish goods procured under a contract previously awarded through competitive bidding.

4. Shopping refers to a method of procurement whereby the procuring entity simply requests
for the submission of price quotations for redily available off-the shelf goods or
ordinary/regular equipment to be procured directly from suppliers of known qualification.
5. Negotiated Procurement is a method that may be resorted under extraordinary
circumstances, whereby the procuring entity negotiates a contract with technically, legally and
financially capable supplier, contractor or consultant (RA 9184).

Preparing the Bid Documents

The bid papers include these:

1. Approved budget for the contract.
2. Instruction to bidders, including criteria for eligibility, bid evaluation and post
qualification, as well as the date, time and place of the prebid conference,
submission of bids and opening of bids.
3. Term of reference
4. Eligibility requirements.
5. Plans and technical specification.
6. Form of bid, price form, list of good or bill of quantities
7. Delivery time or completion schedule
8. Form and amount of bid security
9. Form and amount of performance security and warranty
10. Form of contract, and general and special; conditions of contract

The procuring entity may be require additional document requirements or

specification necessary to complete the information required for the bidders to prepare and
submit their respective bids.

Parts of a Technical Proposal

1. Introduction
2. Objectives
3. Plan
4. Budget
5. Personnel and qualification
6. Facilities and equipment

Project Proposal

IMPROVEMENT OF AIR FILTER OF ROTARY PISTON

BLOWERS

PROJECT SUMMARY

Background

Among the big contributors to 2009 maintenance budget is the failure of rotary piston
blowers.
 The most possible causes of blowers failure was 1 ) The quality of existing air filters
to withstand the dusty environment and at the same time its efficiency to collect dust, 2 ) the
room ventilation and sealing also is a factor and at times 3 ) was availability of spare to
replace the failing units.

An action plan to address this issue is to modify the design of air inlet filters.
Secondly, to ensure good ventilation of the blower room.

Investment Description

Each blower will be fitted with new design of filters including its housing with top
spin. The filters will be installed horizontally above the equipment and the top spin will be
connected on top of the filter in a vertical position. This type of design is currently being used
for aerzen blowers installed at Fortune Cement in Batangas plant.
Part of the proposal is to install a separate air filter system for air entry to the blower
room. This is needed because of the current condition and location of the blower room that is
very prone to cement and clinker dust. This is specifically an area where clinckers are stored
and where coal dust and rice husks are also present.

The capital expenditure amounts to Php 2,000,000.00

1. INVESTMENT JUSTIFICATION

The projected improvements from the project include:

1. Improved kiln reliability

2. Reduced maintenance cost by eliminating or minimizing rpb down time
3. Increased kiln productivity
Source of Fund
Internal budget

3. BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Existing Equipment

Built in filters
Purpose

The project aims to minimize maintenance cost from rotary piston blower and
to modifying the existing air inlet filters of rotary pistons blowers for strictly sustaining plant
operation.

4. PROJECT SCOPE AND DESCRIPTION

Proposed Solution
 This proposal attempts to modify the existing air inlet filters of blowers by installing a
new design of filters that will eliminate foreign materials or dust form the air being suck by
the equipment and also to improve the current conditions of the compressor room to
guarantee the continuous plant operation.

Donaldson Filtration System will be installed in Coal Plant Kiln firing with AB
GM60S, Kiln Back-up Jet Air Blower AB GM 6S, Kiln Jet Air Blower AB GM 25S, Silo
Aeration Blower, 2 units of GM 25S and 1 unit GM 10S, Kiln Feed Aeration, 2 units of
10S. The upgraded sign of filters including housing, Donaldson Air Cleaner, will be
horizontally installed above the blower and primary intake filter. Donaldson top spin will be
vertically mounted on top of the air cleaner. This design will completely eliminate all the
incoming dust particles and other contaminants. Donaldson top spin separates more than 99
percent of 20 microns and above particles coupled with the two- stage filter Donaldson air
cleaner. The first stage second stage eliminates almost all contaminants and is 99.89 percent
efficient.

The new filter are designed that these can compensate the required quantity of clean
air needed by the blower. Each unit will have four filters and four top spin. The filters will be
installed horizontally on top of the blower using an adapter pipe similar to the size of the
existing air inlet pipe. The top spin is connected on top of the filter in a vertical position. It
can expel 20 micron and larger dust contaminant. The filters are designed to discharge
automatically the dust particles collected on the inlet creates the first stage of the two staged
cleaning process by spinning the incoming air and centrifugally removing up to 85 percent of
the incoming dust.

Scope of the Project

1. Prefabrication
2. Installation
3. Commissioning

Key Personnel

Benjamin L. Matalino – Senior Industrial Engineer

Ariel L. Borlado – Industrial Engineer
Rico C. Campos – Civil Engineer

Milestones

1. Evaluation of bids and awarding to supplier

2. Delivery of equipments
3. Installation

Phases of Work

Phases Start Date End Date

Phase 1
 Investment 01 July 2017 30 July 2009
Approval

Phase 2
Evaluation of Bids 1 August 2017 31August 2009
And procedure
Phase 3
Delivery 01 September 2017 15 September 2009
Of materials

Phase 4
Commissioning 16 September 2017 30 September 2009
Of Filtration
System

5. PROJECT COST

The investment cost of project amounts to Php 2,000,000.00 as specified below:

Location Aerzen Description Cost

Blower Model
1. Coal Plant GM Supply of labor, tools, equipments,
Kiln Filing materials, Supervision for the
publication, installation and
commissioning of Donaldson
filtration System. Php 5,000.00

2. Kiln Back-up GM60S Supply of labor, tools, equipments,

Jet Air Blower materials, Supervision for the
publication, installation and
commissioning of Donaldson
filtration System. 285,000.00

3. Kiln Jet GM 25S Supply of labor, tools, equipments,

Air Blower materials, Supervision for the
publication, installation and
commissioning of Donaldson
filtration System. 225,000.00

4. Silo Aeration GM 25G Supply of labor, tools, equipments,

Blower materials, Supervision for the
publication, installation and
commissioning of Donaldson
filtration System. 225,000.00

5. Silo Aeration GM 10S Supply of labor, tools, equipments,

 Blower materials, Supervision for the
publication, installation and
commissioning of Donaldson
filtration System. 170,000.00

6. Kiln Feed GM 10S Supply of labor, tools, equipments,

Aeration materials, Supervision for the
publication, installation and
commissioning of Donaldson
filtration System. 170,000.00

7. Rice Husk GM60S Supply of labor, tools, equipments,

Feeding materials, Supervision for the
System publication, installation and
commissioning of Donaldson
filtration System. 285,000.00

Benefits of the Proposal

1. Minimized, it not eliminates failure or break down of the blower.

2. Meet the target clinker production performance.
3. Reduce the maintenance cost.
4. Improve the reliability of the kiln

6. RECOMMENDATION

The Project conforms with safety standard regarding property use of tools and
equipments and it is expected to sustain good operation of the plant. Hence it is highly
recommended for implementation.

EDUARDO L. DONATO
Chief, Plant Operations

Bid Form

CEBU ELECTRIC COMPANY

Cebu City
BID FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY CENTER

10 May 2022

ENGR.RICO C. CAMPOS
Chairman
Postqualification,Bids and Awards Committee
Cebu Electric Company
Cebu City

Sir:

This bid is submitted by Visayas Development Company performing a business as

infrastructure builder with business address at 101 Central Avenue, Centro, Cebu City.

I, the undersigned and above noted bidder in response to the Invitation to bids issue for the
contact, offer to construct the Proposed Information Technology Center in complete
conformity with all provisions of the Contract Documents and in according with the Price
Schedule and Data Sheet forming parts of this bid forming.

The total bid price is One Hundred Million Pesos

( Php 100 million )

SAMUEL P. COO
President

Witnesses:
ENGR. LEONARDO B. BOLAYBOLAY
ENGR. DANIEL C. PANGAN

27 July 2022

DECLARARATION BY BIDDERS:

Further, to all the attachments, Bid Item, Data Sheet and Supplemental Data, I, the Bidder
declare that:

1. The only party interested in this Bid is the bidder named.

2. This proposal is made without collusion with any persons, firms or corporation
submitting a bid for this contract.
3. No officer, agent, employee, consultation or elected official of the company is directly
or indirectly interested in this bid.
 4. I have carefully examined and understood all the document defined as comprising the
Contract Documents for this Contract.
5. I have fully informed ourselves of all conditions sets in the Contract Document.
6. I prepared this proposal in accordance with the term of this Contract Document which
I accept.

Instruction to Bidders

INSTRUCTION TO BIDDERS

1. DATE TIME AND PLACE OF BIDDING

Pursuant to the Invitation to Bid, plans, specification and other related documents shall be
issued to prospective bidder. Sealed bids for the furnishing of materials, labor, plan, tools
equipment and other services, and in performing all operations necessary for the completion
of the construction of the Information Technology Center located at Cebu Electric Company
compound , Cebu City, to include all architectural, civil, structure, sanitary, electrical,
mechanical works and carpentry works, except otherwise specified must be in accordance
with plants and specification and subject to the term and conditions of the Bid Documents
must be received units:

Time : 09:00 am
Date : 01 August 2022
Place : Cebu City

Bids will be opened on:

Time : 10:00
Date : 01 August 2022
Place : Cebu City

2. QUALIFICATION OF BIDDERS

Prequalified bidders are eligible to bid for the project,

Provided that all requirements as specified in the
Invitation to bid are conformed with and submitted to
Cebu electric Company

3. INTERPRETATION OF BID DOCUMENTS

If a prospective bidder is in doubt as to meaning of any part of the bid document he may a
written a request for an interpretation to:

ENGR. RICO C. CAMPOS

 Chairman
Postqualification, Bid, and Award
Committee
Centro, Cebu City

At least five calendar days before the date of bidding. Any substantial given will be issued by
the Chairman Postqualification, Bid, and Award Committee ( PBAC ) in the form of a
supplementary Notice furnishing copies thereof to all prospective bidders.

The PBAC may also issue to all prospective bidders Supplementary Notice prior to the date of
opening of the bid for purposes of clarification or modification of bid documents. Each
prospective bidder prior to submittal of bids shall duty acknowledge receipt of all
Supplemental Notice and a compliance thereto shall be indicated on the bid form. Oral
Interpretation of the bid documents shall not be binding.

4. PRE-BID CONFERENCE

Any or all of the prospective bidders subject to the approval of PBAC may conduct a pre-bid
conference at the discretion of the PBAC or upon a written request. A pre-bid conference
shall be help not less than one week before the date of opening of the bids

5. SITE VISIT

If shall be the responsibility of the prospective bidder to carefully examine of the bid
documents and also have known all condition. Failure to do so shall be the prospective bidder
risks

It shall be the sole responsibility of the prospective bidders to determine and to satisfy him by
such means, as considers necessary or desirable as to all matters pertaining to the project
including the location and the nature of the work, climatic condition, the nature and the
conditions of the terrain, geological condition at the sites; transportation and communication
facilities; the requirements and availability of materials, labor, water, electricity, power and
roads, the location and extent of aggregate sources: and other factors that may affect the coast,
duration and execution of the work. The prospective bidder by the act of submitting his bid
acknowledges that he has inspected the site and determined the general characteristic of
projects and condition indicative. The bidder is required to submit a certification of the site
inspection signed by the PBAC chairman or the authorized representative of the PBAC and
noted by the General Manager and shall be dated before the date of the opening of the bids.

6. LAWS

Prior to the submittal of the bid. The prospective bidder shall be considered to have become
familiar with the laws, decrees, ordinances, acts and regulation of the country which may
affects or apply to the operation and activities of the bidders.
7. PREPARATION OF BIDS

All bids shall be prepared in English and all bid prices shall be prepared on bid book form
issue to all prospective bidders and shall be written in words as well as in figures. In case of
discrepancy between the words and figures, the prices in figure shall prevail.

All bid shall prepared in triplicate, one marked “Original” and the other two marked
“Duplicate “and” Triplicate “, respectively. In case of discrepancy between the “Original” and
the other copies, the words and figures in the “Original” shall prevail.

The bidder or his authorized representative shall sign all bid documents. In case of
corporation, partnership or joint venture, bid document shall be signed by the Secretary and
must bear the seal of the corporation, partnership or joint venture.

8. DOCUMENTS COMPRISING THE BID

These documents shall compromise the bid and shall be submitted b y prospective bidders
completely accomplished:

1. Company Profile
2. Articles of Incorporation
3. Business Permit
4. Accomplished Bid Forms
5. Detailed Price Bid, in triplicate
6. Big Bond (2.5%) of the total Bid Price
7. Accomplished Bidders Eligibility and Qualification
8. Certificate of Site Inspection
9. Authorization of Bidder’s representative during bidding
10. Value Added Tax Registration
11. Copy of Certificate of Registration of Business Name from the
Department of Trade in Industry
12. Copy of Certificate of Registration from the Securities and
Exchange Commission
13. Certificate of Membership from the Social Security System
14. Latest Audited Balance Sheets
15. Latest Income Tax Return of the Bidder or
Financial Statement of the Company
16. Letter of Authorization under oath to PBAC Chairman
17. Annual Income Tax Return
18. Latest Contractor’s Certificate of
Renewal issued by the Philippine
Contractor Accredited Board
19. Copy of Invitation to Bid
20. Newspaper Publication Clippings
21. Letter of Intent
 22. Bidder’s Personal Data Sheet (if single proprietorship)
23. Copy of Contractor’ Professional Tax Receipt
24. Copy of Professional Tax Receipt of Key Personnel

All documents mentioned above shall endorse on their respective front pages the words “Read
and accepted as part of the Bid” and signed by the bidder or his authorized representative.

9. BID BOND

The original copy of the bid shall be accomplished by a bid bond in the amount of five
percent (5%) of the total bid price in the form of cash, manager’s check or a surety bond as
guarantee that the successful bidder shall within 30 calendar days from receipt of the Notice
of Award, enter into contract with CEC and furnish the performance bond for faithful and
complete execution of the work specified in the bid documents. Bid and bid bonds shall be
valid within 120 calendar days following the opening of the bids.

The bid bonds of all the three (3) lowest complying bidders may, upon request of the bidder,
be returned after the opening of bids. Withdrawal of the bid bond before the award of the
contract. The remaining bid bonds shall be returned after the successful bidder has signed the
contract and furnished the performance bond but in no case later than the expiration of the
validity period indicated above. Bids which are not accompanied by the required bid bonds
shall be rejected outright.

10. PREQUALIFICATION STATEMENT

The bid shall also be accompanied by the required accomplished prequalification statement as
provided. Bids which are not accompanied by prequalification statements shall be rejected
outright.
1. Certified list of completed construction projects in the last three years, government
and private;
2. Detailed statement showing a list of all ongoing construction projects, government and
private;
3. Actual employment or contract to employ qualified project manager and project
engineer who have managed or supervised at least a project of similar nature as to type
and cost;
4. List of owned units of equipment, and those pledged exclusive for the project;
5. Organizational chart of the company, exclusively for the implantation of the project.

All prequalification documents shall be under oath signifying their correctness and
authenticity. A letter authorizing the Chairman of the PBAC or his representative to verify
any or all of the documents submitted shall accompany these.

11. SUBMITTAL OF BIDS

Bids shall be submitted in one sealed envelope and plainly marked on the outside “BID FOR
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CENTER”. The
envelope shall contain the accomplished bid book forms, accomplished bidder’s eligibility
and qualification, required bid bond and all other accompanying bid documents. All these
documents together bid documents shall form an integral part of the bid and eventually the
contract.
Bids shall be delivered either personally or by mail, by the bidder or his authorized
representative, against a receipt:

ENGR. RICO C. CAMPOS

Chairman
Post Qualification, Bid and Award Committee
Centro, Cebu City

At the time dates specified in the Invitation to Bid, for the submission of the bids, the bid
envelope shall be opened by the PBAC members, and required are present, the bid shall be
read; otherwise, the bid shall be rejected outrights and returned immediately to the bidder.
The bidders or their authorized representative may be present at the opening

Furthermore, pursuant to the provision of the IRR of PD 1594, the PBAC may, in its
discretion and on a case to case basis, waive any formal defect ( defect that does not affect
the substance of the bid), if such waive is the best interest of the company.

No responsibility shall attach the PBAC for premature opening of any bid not properly
addressed or identified. Unless, specifically authorized, telegraphic bids will not be
considered Modification of bids already submitted by telegraph will be considered if the
modification is received prior to the hour set for the opening of bids.

12. WITHDRAWAL OF BIDS

If a bidder wishes to withdraw his bid before the time set for opening of bids, he may do so
without prejudice to himself by communicating his purpose in writing to the Chairman of the
PBAC before or during the pre-bid conference or at least five (5) days before the bidding date.
In this connection, the PBAC reserves the right to determine the validity of reasons cited.
Effective immediately, the PBAC shall henceforth consider resubmissions of bids without
justification by prequalified bidder who are issued tender documents for the project or as
offense punishable under Clause IB 2.5 B3 of IRR PD 1594, and his bid shall be handed to
him or his authorized agent, unopened. Negligence on the part of the bidder in preparing the
bid confers no right for the withdrawal of bid after the opening of the bid has commenced.

13. CONFIDENTIALITY OF BID DOCUMENTS

All submitted bids and accompanying documents shall be treated as confidential except those
information that are publicly announced as indicated in the bid documents.

No information concerning awards should be communicated after the public opening of bids
to any person not officially concerned with those procedures until awards of contract to the
successful bidder is announced.

14. DISCLAIMER

Cebu Electric Company (CEC) assumes no obligation whatsoever to compensate or to

indemnify the bidders for any expense that they incur in the preparation of their bid nor does
the CEC guarantee that an award will be made. Hence, all costs and charges in connection
with site visits, and materials examination and preparation of the bids shall be borne by the
bidder.

15. ALTERATION OR MUTILATION OF BID FORMS

No alteration or mutilation should be made on the bid form or in any of the documents
attached to it. Any comments desired to be made shall not be indicated on any of the
documents attached thereto. It shall take the form of the separate statements that shall be as
brief as possible and with reference to items, clauses and pagers of the annexed documents.

Such statement shall be sent to the PBAC not later than ten calendar days prior to the opening
of bids. Such statement shall not quality the acceptance of the bids based upon a proposed
change in the annexed documents, nor shall be binding upon the PNAC in any way in making
the award.

The bidder or his legally authorized representative must sign an alteration on already written
bid prices in the place where the prices were altered.

No bidder shall be permitted to alter his proposal after bids have been opened. Only
clarification not changing the substance or price of the bid may be accepted to the discretion
of the Chairman of the PBAC.

16. CONFLICTS AND INCONSISTENCIES

In case of conflicts of interpretation and inconsistencies of the instruction provided herein, the
general procedures of the IRR of PD 1594, shall govern. The interpretation of the PBAC shall
be final.

17. NOTICE TO SUCCESSFUL BIDDER

The following written notice will be sent to the successful bidder:

1. Notice of Award. A notice inviting the successful bidder to come for the signing of the
contract.
 2. Notice to Proceed. A notice issued after the contract has been approved.

18. APPROVED AGENCY ESTIMATE

The approved agency estimate is One Hundred Million Pesos (Php 100,000,000.00). Any
adjustment of the Approval Agency Estimated due to the revision of the plans prior to the
bidding shall be transmitted to all bidders as supplementary Notices.

19. PD 1594 AND OTHER LAWS AND RREGULATIONS

All provision contained under PD 1594 including latest revisions or amendments and all other
laws and regulations which are not stated in these documents shall from part in this contract
whether applicable.

SPECIFICATION

1. GENERAL SPECIFICATION

1. Specifications as previewed by the design and plans. These specifications are of the
abbreviated or steak type and include incomplete sentences. The word phrases such as “
the contractor shall”, “Therewith”, “Shall be”, As specified on Drawings”, “According to
the Plan”, “This”, all these Architectural and Engineering Specification should be read
and applied in consonance with the Technical and International Terms.
2. CONTRACTOR: The contractor shall provide all items, articles, materials, labor,
equipment, and its operation, method or program listed, mentioned or schedules on the
drawing and /or specified herein, including other appurtenances and incidentals necessary
and required for the completion and satisfactory performance.

3. The contractor shall present samples of all materials in all aspects of work and to be
presented or submitted to the Project Manager/Supervisor for verification and approval
before purchase and installation.

4. All work included in this specification are subject to the general conditions which form
part of the Contract Documents for the project. The contractor shall required to refer
pertinent provisions of the general requirement affecting the conduct of work for the
various specification.

5. That the contractor should know that case there shall be conflict between specification
and the Project Drawing Plans, the latter shall govern or prevail.

6. The term Architect, Project Engineer or Project Manager or Project In-Charge are one
and the same in this specification.
 2. SITE PREPARATION AND EXCAVATION

SCOPE

The work includes furnishing of all labor, materials, tools, equipment and services required or
necessary for and properly incidental to the furnishing completion of all site preparation,
excavation, staking, grading, filling, compaction of subgrade backfills, drainage, demolition
of existing structure and related works within the limit of the contract as indicated on drawing
or as specified herein.

GENERAL REQUIRMENTS

1. The contractor shall visit the site and familiarize himself with the actual site
conditions.
2. The contractor shall project existing trees, shrubs, walkways, or other facilities that
maybe adjacent to the areas that will be graded or excavated upon the direction of the
Project Engineer.
3. The contractor shall be responsible for laying out building lines as indicated on
drawing. All lines and grades shall be checked as the work progresses to ensure
accurate levels ad lines.
4. The contractor shall be responsible for the disposal of any excess materials resulting
from the for fill or backfill. Haul and spread in nearby soil areas designated by the
Project Manager except when materials are classified as rubbish/debris for which shall
be disposed off in dumps or in burning areas designated by the Project Manager. All
fills shall be placed 6” layers thoroughly compacted by wetting, tamping and/or by
roller until its required level.

5. The contractor shall be responsible in demolishing the existing wall structure fronting
the main street approximately ten (10) meters length.

FOUNDATION EXCAVATION

1. Strip the site within the limits of the building of a required depth necessary to remove
all soft spots roots, organic materials and other deleterious matter and properly dispose
off in sites.
2. Top soil suitable for planting areas, free from clay, large stones and debris shall be
stock piled where it will not interfere construction. At the conclusion of the job, the
top soil shall be spread evenly in the planting area. All excess stripping or top soil
shall be removed from the site.
3. Where practical, excavation shall be made as near as to the near lines required by the
size and shape of the footing. No materials shall be excavated unnecessarily. Pour
concrete against “undisturbed soil” as the case may be in any areas of engineered fill
 which are disturbed in the compaction of 90% Carry excavation to a “soil bearing” as
specified by the Project Manager.
4. No reinforcement or concrete shall be placed until excavation are inspected and
approved. Prior to concrete pouring, the soil shall be treated with anti-termite solution.
5. Excavation portions of the work shall be kept free from water at all times until all
concrete and backfilling shall be completed.
6. Adequate pumping facilities and other methods of removing water on excavation
portions shall be installed and be made operational at all times.

2. CONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE

SCOPE

All labor, materials, equipment, transportations, and services required to furnish and install
concrete and related items indicated on drawing and described in Specifications including site
improvement

FRAMEWORK

1. Forms shall be true and smooth. They shall be strong enough to contain the concrete
without bulging. All forms shall be securely supported in place to avoid accidental
movement during concrete placement.

MATERIALS

1. Forms shall be ½ x 4” x 8’ plywood. They shall be smooth so as not to affect concrete

surface and shall produce specified surface finish.
2. Cement shall be “Northern Cement Corporation” (NCC) Portland and must conform to
the standard specification requirement for testing for Portland cement.
3. Water shall be fresh and potable. It should be free from injurious amount of soils, acid,
alkali, salt, organic materials or other substances that may affect the strength of the
concrete. The water to be used for concreting shall be checked and approved by the
Project Manager to ensure concrete workmanship.
4. Fine aggregates shall be clean and free form deleterious of materials. These should not
contain more than five (5) percent of materials passing number 220 or two (2%)
percent of shale.
5. Coarse aggregates shall be “crushed rocks” well graded of approved material.
Maximum size of aggregates shall not be larger than 1/5 of the narrowest dimension
between reinforced bars. And in no case. Not larger than one inch (1.0”) in diameter.
6. All main reinforcing bars shall be deformed conforming to ASTM A 615-68.
7. All secondary reinforcing bars such as ties, stirrups, temperature bars shall have
minimum yield strength of 33,000 psi.
8. Unless otherwise noted in the plans, the minimum strength of the main reinforcing
bars shall be 33,000 psi for 12 mm and smaller and 40,000psi for 16mm and larger.
MIXING/ DEPOSTING CONCRETE

1. Properties of cement , fine and coarse aggregates and water shall be of the approved
property to produce concrete having a minimum desired compression strength of not
less than 3,000 psi (28 days)
2. 1 in the mixing of concrete, no hand or manual mixing shall be allowed except in case
of emergency such as mixer breakdown during concreting operations and shall stop at
the first allowed construction joints. All concrete shall be machine mixed for at least 1
½ minutes after all materials including water are in the mixing drum.
2. The concrete shall be deposited in its final position without segregation due to over
segregation or rehandling.
3. No concreting shall be allowed without concrete vibrator.
Segregation due to over vibration shall be avoided. The vibrators shall be used only to
compact the concrete and to spread the deposited concrete in the forms.
4. Construction joints shall be approved or asked directly from the Project Engineer.

3. Maximum slumps shall be 4” on all concrete.

4. Place no concrete until all reinforcing bars and other related works required to be built
in to concrete have been placed, inspected and approved by the Project Engineer.
5. Concreting shall be done continuously until selection to be concreted shall be
completed. When stoppage of concreting occurs, construction joints shall be provided
vertically/ horizontally as indicated by the Project Engineers.

SCHEDULES FOR THE CLASSES OF CONCRETE MIXES

Class A 1:2:4: Mixtures: For columns, footing, Beams, Slab on fill, Top Slab, Footing
Tie Beam
Class B 1:2:5 5 Mixtures: For CHB and others.

REMOVAL FORMS

1. Forms shall not be removed until concrete has adequately set and strong enough to
withstand anticipated loading, and in no case less than two
(2) days after pouring of concrete.

CURING OF CONCRETE

1. The foundation shall be thoroughly wet at least two (2) times daily for a minimum
of seven days after placement/pouring.

2. Concrete floor and top slabs shall be kept continuously moist until concrete attains
proper strength.
 3. Curing shall commence as soon as concrete attains its set.

REPAIR CONCRETE

Remove fins neatly from exposed surfaces.

CONCRETE SLAB ON FILL THICKNESS

1. The minimum thickness for slabs on fill shall be 6” thick on 6” thick compacted gravel
base coarse.

2. The minimum reinforcement shall be 10 mm spaced 0.40 meters on concrete

bothways. This then shall act as temperature base.

NOTES ON ROOF DECK SLAB

1. In two ways slab, the bar along the short span shall be at the lower layer for bottom
bars. And at the upper layer for the top bars so that the shorter span shall be the bigger
effective depth unless otherwise detailed as noted due to continuity of bars from
adjoining span.

2. Use 12 mm diameter reinforcing bar spaced at 0.15m both ways on center with
alternative reinforcing bar bent up at L4 at support, with additional alternate cut bar on
top of the support. Slabs shall be .125m thick.

3. Water proofing additives shall be applied on all entire roof deck slabs. Water proofing
mixture ratio shall be one bag of sahara in every bag of Portland cement.

4. MANSONRY AND OTHER RELATED WORKS SCOPE

All labor, materials, equipment, transportation, and services to complete reinforced

grouted unit masonry and other finishes herein specified including interior and exterior
building walls.

CONSTRUCTION AND WORKMANSHIP

1. All masonry wall shall be true and plumb, and built to dimensions bond or patterns as
indicated on plans, where no bond or pattern is shown, the walls shall be laid in straight
uniform courses with the vertical joints aligning over center of a unit below, giving perfect
alignment of vertical cells, affording maximum size opening for reinforcing of walls.
2. Lay concrete block in such a manner that hollow core shall align vertically and plumb so
that core will serve as secondary wall stiffeners.

CONCRETE HOLLOW BLOCKS AND MATERIALS

1. A 4” X 8” x 16” CHB shall be used in the entire structure parapet walls, flower boxes and
septic vaults, nominal size with an average strength of 700 psi or other materials specified
on drawing.

2. Cement mortar mixture shall be one (1) part cement and three (3) parts sand.

3. Plastering moisture shall be one (1) part cement and two (2) parts sand.

4. Water shall be dependent on the workability required.

5. Wall reinforcement shall be 12mm with its vertical bars at 0.60 meters on centers and with
its horizontal bars at every three (3) layers of CHB.

HANDLING AND STORAGE OF MATERIALS

1. Concrete hollow blocks shall be handled with care to prevent undue chippings and
breakages. Reject and replace units with broken or chipped edges. Broken CHB shall not
be allowed for use.

2. Pilling of CHB shall be in even layers not more than eight (8) blocks high and always with
the hollow in the vertical direction.

COMPLETION OF MASONRY WORKS

1. Upon completion of masonry walls, fill holes with mortar and wet all exposed masonry of
CHB walls, clean with solution ten (10%) percent by volume of muriatic acid applied with
brushed leaving wall clean, free from loose mortar.

CONGRETE FINISHES

1. Patch slabs immediately after stripping formworks; patch minor defective honeycombed
area; fill holes before concrete has been thoroughly dried.

2. Leave all CHB walls exposed without cement plaster finish, or any other finish. If
finishing shall be adopted plastering of CHB walls shall be in accordance with the
 designated plastering proportion. Tool joints finish, shall be very streak or smoothly lined.
Provide stone cut horizontal lines at the exterior of the wall.

3. All column and beams shall be smooth plain cement finish.

4. Sample of finishes shall be verified, inspected and approved. By the project engineer.

SEPTIC VAULTS

1. The septic vaults indicated to the plans are included in this contract. Septic vaults
dimension and all its accessories would be as per specified on the drawings. Septic vaults
dimension shall be: L-3.70 m, W-1.80 m, H-2.10 m, respectively.

2. All plumbing fixtures of the building shall be connected to the septic vaults in accordance
with the lay out and size of pipes shown on the drawing.

3. The septic vaults must be water-tight and air-tight and be provided with manholes and
tight covers for cleaning and necessary repairs.

4. Storm drain pipe shall never be connected to the septic vaults and the construction shall be
in accordance with the sanitary requirements of the ordinance in the locality.

5. CARPENTRY AND JOINERY WORKS

A. ROUGH CARPENTRY

1. All labor, materials, equipments, transportation and services necessary to complete all
rough carpentry including furnishing and installing of rough hardware indicate and
specified on the drawings.

2. See drawing and details for location of framing and related rough carpentry required.

PROTECTION AND STORAGE

1. Stock lumber and plywood to ensure against deformation shall be property ventilated and
it shall be protected from bad elements.
2. All lumber in contract with concrete or masonry works shall be brusher with coal tar and
be anchored by means of 20 d-nail spaced not more than 4 “ apart or around the contract
surface.
 TERMITE PROTECTION

Prior to pouring of concrete footing, an antitermite solution shall be poured on all areas of
building. All structure lumber shall be coated with preservative.
MATERIALS

1. Grade and trade work shall be required on each piece of lumber.

2. The lumber to be used for the respective parts of the work shall be :
1. Tanguile good lumber for scaffolding, 2” x” 12”
2. First class Tanguile lumber for ceiling joist, 2” x 2”x12”
3. First class Tanguile lumber for hanging cabinets, dividers, computer cubicles,
walls, cabinets.
4. First class Guijo lumber for door heads and jamb.
3. All lumber and carpentry works that are exposed must be smooth planed using s4s
wood.

CEILING WORKS

All interior of the building shall be covered with ceiling. Ceiling joist shall be 2” x 2 Tanguile
good lumber spaced at 0:30m on center for both ways. Ceiling boards shall be ¼ Hardiflex all
throughout. Also included are the ceilings under the frontal canopy of the building. Ceiling
height or elevation shall be determined by the Project Engineer.

CABINET AND RACKS

1. Counter cabinet and wall hang cabinet shall be installed at the cashier’s window and
tellers counter.
2. Cabinet dividers with door lock and hinges shall be installed at the hallway. Door lock
shall be Yale brand.
3. Wall hang cabinet shall be installed at the Office of the Area Manager, Cashier, Teller
and the Collection Division.
4. Cabinet racks made of steel shall be installed at the Meter/Calibration Room and Supply
Room.
5. Materials are all made of 3/4 “thick marine plywood and ¼ “ thick marine plywood as
back cover.

FINISHING AND WORKMANSHIP

1. No hammer mark or other unsightly mark shall be allowed on wood sidings, panels and
plywood installation.
2. Make joints tight and in manner to conceal shrinkage. Secure trim with fine finishing
nails, screws or glue where required.
3. A flush door shall be framed with 2”x3” Tanguile kiln, dried prefabricated covered with
¼ inch thick marine plywood on two faces.
4. Set door frames plumb, level and brace firmly until such time that frame is settled
finally. Door jambs shall be 2” x 6” factory fabricated.
5. For wood framed walls, use standard construction techniques unless indicated
otherwise. Erect square through line, levels and dimension, provide bracing, locking,
nailing as indicated or incidental to proper construction and in accordance with the
prescribe local area codes. All framing lay outs shall be accurately, cut, lightly fitted and
well nailed.
6. Incidental framing, shoring construction, not explicitly shown or specified shall be
provided as required to complete works in a workmanlike manner.

HARDWARE INSTALLATION

1. Accurately fit and install all finish hardware item such as door knob, door locks,
window locks, hinges, hangers, butts hinges, flush blots and other hardware. Use Yale
brand for all door locks and door knob, use double dead end Yale brand bold locks at the
front door.
2. Provide door closer at every door. Use door closer metallic bronze.
3. Comfort room doors are all made of prefabricated polyvinyl door with complete
accessories.
4. The project Engineer shall require the contractor to submit samples of these hardware
before ordering or shall follow the ones specified in the drawings.

B. JOINERY WORKS

These works shall include furnishing of labor, materials, equipment, and other appurtenances
necessary to complete the joinery works indicated on drawings or as specified herein.

PROTECTION AND STORAGE

Provide adequate protection for finished woodwork like wall panels, door panels, door heads
and jambs, window heads and jambs, sills, ceiling and hardboard, Guard against chipping
marring, scratching and cracking.

MATERIALS

1. All wooden doors and jambs shall be sash factory made and prefabricated kiln dried to
avoid shrinkages and loosening of joints.
2. Use 2”x 2” Tanguile lumber as nail on all ceiling.
3.
WORKMANSHIP
1. All millworks shall be done with the highest quality workmanship using well seasoned
and thoroughly dried lumber, in accordance with the details of the specified drawings.
2. Cutting and fitting shall be done in a neat workmanlike manner to accommodate other
works as required. Patch up and make good any cut or damaged works.

6. ROOFING WORKS

These works shall include the furnishing of labor, materials, equipment and other facilities
and other facilities for the satisfactory instillation of all works necessary to complete roofing
works.

ROOF FRAMING

Slab deck construction shall conform to the specification requirements specified on the
drawings.

ROOFING GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1. Roofing materials shall be handled carefully conform to the specification requirements

specified on the drawings.
2. Whenever installation procedure specified herein varies with manufacturer’s
recommended installation procedure, refer matter with Project Engineer.

ROOFING MATERIALS

1. Roofing is made up all concrete.

2. Construct a parapet wall on top of the beams, one (1) meter in height.
3. Apply Flexi bond, Boysen paint on the entire roofing system after constructing the roof
slab prior to topping or plastering.
4. Use RSB, 12mm diameter spaced at 0.15 meters on center with alternate bar bent up at
L4 from supports.
5. Water proofing mixture shall be one bag of Sahara in every bag of Northern Cement as a
concrete compound.

ROOF DESK STRUCTURE

Roofing is made up of reinforced concrete deck structure wherein Sahara water proofing
shall be mixed to concrete with a 1:1 ratio, Flexi bond Boysen paint shall be applied on the
entire surface area of the slab and plastered it with 1” thick plain mortar cement to avoid
water leakages.
 7. ELECTRICAL WORKS

Furnish all materials and equipment and perform labor required to complete and make ready
for use the electrical wiring system and its accessories in accordance with the specification
and drawings.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1. Installation of electrical materials, equipments and appurtenances shall comply with the
provision of the latest edition of the Philippines Electrical Code or other regulation of
local authorities having jurisdiction over electrical installation and with all rules and
requirements or rural electric organizations.
2. Obtain at the contractor’s own expenses all permits and electrical fees required by the
approving government authorities. The general contractor is to be held responsible for the
coordination and completion of all the own specified.
3. After completion of the work, the contractor shall furnish the Project Engineer a copy of
the Final Certificate of Inspection and approval from the concerned authorities. Prepare
balls as built plans and other works required by the approving authorities.
4. The contractor shall leave the entire installation in proper working order and without
additional charge, replace and furnish work installed by him under these specification
which developed defects guaranteeing within one year from the date of final certificate of
inspection and approval is required.

MATERIALS AND INSTALLATION

1. All materials shall be new and shall be the approved type and all material not specified
shall be respective kind. Samples of any material shall be subject to the Project
Engineer’s approval.
2. Use Columbia brand “THNN” wire of the installation of wiring system. Other
accessories shall be in accordance with the approved drawing.
3. Location of safety switches shall be in accordance with the approved indicated drawings
or as by the Project Engineer whichever is more ideal.
4. Service entry to the building shall be 220 volts, single phase 3, and two (2) wires.
Material shall be number 2 THHM stranded Columbia wire at 2” diameter RSC pipe.
5. Wiring method shall be close wiring using PVC pipe when concealed with masonry.
Circular looms shall be provided on lines that pass through wooden members to protect
said lines from direct contract with wood.
6. Provide service entrance or outline for telephone system, sound system, intercom units,
air conditioning units.
7. The wiring installation shall be done under a direct supervision of a Licensed Electrical
Engineer or Registered Master Electrician.

1. All mounting heights shall be subject to the approval of the Project

Engineer.

LIGHTING MATERIALS AND SPECIFICATION

1. Provide 9 units, 8” diameter pin light fixture with high purity aluminum reflector and
double bulb SL type, Philip brand at the main working area for both first floor and
second floor. Provide also lightning fixture on all required areas or as indicated in the
plans.
2. Provide three (3) panel board as main distribution panel with 150 AT protection, with
twelve (12) branches as follows: 3- 15 AT, 3 – 20AT, 5 – 30 AT, single pole ACB.
3. All switches convenience outlets, air conditioning units are National Brand.
4. All wiring system are THHN Columbia brand, stranded.
5. Provide outlet for exhaust fan at the comfort room, National brand.
6. Provide outlet for computer units, National brand
7. Provide outlet for all telephone units.

8. PLUMBING WORKS

SCOPE

1. Applicable provisions of the National Plumbing Code and regulations of the Local
Government Unit concerned shall govern this section.
2. The contractor shall provide all items, articles, materials, operation, or method listed,
mentioned or scheduled on drawings and/or herein including all labor materials,
equipment and incidentals necessary and required for their completion.
FIXTURES AND MATERIALS INSTALLATION

1. All wastes, soil, vent and stack pipe shall be PVC pipe, orange, schedule series 100
Atlanta brand or of equal materials.
2. Water supply from main shall be ¾ diameter GI pipes, super, schedules, 40 class A and
submains shall be ½ “ diameter GI pipes, super, schedule 40, class A.
3. All floor drains shall be stainless plated 4”x 4” strainer.
4. All roof drains shall be brass plated 6” x 6” strainer.
5. Water closet brand shall be HCG (Premium Color) complete with fittings and
accessories.
6. Urinal bowl shall be Commodore, HCG brand complete with fitting and accessories.
7. Fixture such as shower shall be of telephone type with shower valves and faucets.
8. Fixture such as soap holder, paper holder shall be porcelain.
9. Towel bar with and wash basin shall be stainless steel materials.
10. A face mirror with a dimension of 50” x 80” x ¼ “shall be installed above all wash basin
area.
11. Provide catch basin with a dimension of 400mm x 400mm with a concrete cover. See
detailed drawings.
12. Provide concrete pipe with a dimension of 1.0 m x 250 mm from down spout drainage
with a slope of two (2%) percent.
13. Vent pipes shall extend to the roof not less than 0.30m from roof line at the base vent
pipes.
14. Slopes of soil pipe and waste pipe shall not be less than (2%) percent.
15. Septic tank shall be done as to the detailed drawing.
16. Sleeves, pipe hanger, pipe supports and fixture supports shall be furnished and set and
the contractor shall be responsible for their proper and permanent locations.
17. All joint and connection shall be air and water tight. Joints shall be connected using PVC
solvent.
18. Piping shall be installed without damage to structural parts.
19. Plumbing system shall be done under the direct supervision of a licensed Sanitary
Engineer.
20. It is not intended that the drawings shall show every pipe fitting, valve and appliance.
Such items whether specifically mentioned or not indicated on drawings, shall be
furnished and installed if necessary to complete the system in accordance with the best
practices of the plumbing trade and the satisfaction of the Project Engineer and the
Company.

9. PAINTING WORKS
SCOPE

These works shall include the furnishing of labor, materials equipment, and of the
appurtenances for the satisfactory completion of all work necessary to complete painting
works.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1. The General Contractor shall be held responsible for the coordination and completion
of all works herein specified.
2. Prior to commencement of painting, all works specified in the General Specification
particularly vertical construction shall all be Engineer’s approval.
3. All samples of paints shall be subject to the Project Engineer’s approval.

WORKMANSHIP AND APLLICATION

 1. Concrete roof slap shall be applied with three ( 3 ) coast of Boysen Flexibond and the
painted over with Boysen Acrytex paint Boysen Tilekote Paint for the entire deck
surface.
2. Wooden Exterior Wall shall be painted with two ( 2 ) cast of flat wall Enamel paints,
while,
3. Concrete exterior walls shall be painted/applied with concrete neutralized before
painting latex paints of approved brand.
4. Cabinets shall be painted/applied with sanding sealer and finished with Valspar
varnish in can.
5. Finishing color shall be consulted first to the Project Engineer before application.
6. Paint color shall conform to the general painting finish. Paint color of all jambs head,
and sills shall be varnished with Valspar to show the natural appearance of the wood
and conform to the general painting finish or instructed by the Project Engineer.
7. All unnecessary opening and cracks shall be concealed with Body Filler.
8. Use Boysen Paint for all these purposed or its equivalent.

10. TITLE WORKS

SCOPE

These works include furnishing of all labor, materials, tools, equipment and services required
or necessary for and property incidental to the completion of the tile works.

SPECIFIC SCOPE OF WORK

1. The Interior Floor Finish shall be 600 mm x 600 mm Granite Floor Tiles.
2. The Comfort Room Flooring shall be .20 mm x 20 m and .20 m x .20m glaze tiles for
wall. Use Eurotiles or Mariwasa brand.
3. The Wash Basin shall be tiled with .20 mm x .20 m Eurotile or Mariwasa glazed tiles.
4. Color of all undertakings shall be referred to the Project Engineer.

Operational Proposal

FAR EAST BUS COMPANY

EDSA, Cubao, Quezon City

24 – HOUR OPERATION WITHOUT HOLIDAY

Introduction

Our unprecedented increase in population resulted to a proportional volume of

passenger who avail services of our transport company not only during day time but also
during night time. Changes in lifestyle likewise brought significant changes in the
management of transport business. Obviously, bus terminals catering to passengers like our
show double efforts during night time as commanded by the influx of travelers.

In our regular operation, buses are dispatched from 4:00 in the morning until 11:00
midnight at an interval of 30 minutes per route. This situation results to the displacement of
more passengers who in worst cases cancel their trips that further end in the debilitation the
efficiency of the transport industry.

To address such situation, these operation changes are hereby proposed:

Operation Procedure

1. Dispatch Interval

Time 4:00 am – 11:00 pm

-20 minutes for Northern Luzon, Cagayan Valley, Bicol vice verza
-30 minutes for Cordillera and Central Luzon vice verza

Time 11:30 pm – 3:30 am

2. Extra Trips and Contract Tours

With the sufficient number of bus units, extra trips for holiday vacations can be
dispatched on a situation basis. The company will also its unhampered service both pleasure
and educational tours of institution on a reservation process.

Bus Category

All buses are fully air conditioned.

Cost

No Additional cost will be incurred because the number of employees in the

Administrative Department will be proportionally assigned to three shifts. The drivers and
conductors perform rotational due task. Our provincial bus stations will do the same routine of
work.

Projected Income
 With reference to the average gross income of the company for the previous fiscal
years, the expanded operation will generate about 60 percent additional earning for the same
period.

Learning Enhancement Activity 5

Name Score
Progra Date
m

Part 1. Instructions. Encircle the letter that represents your answer.

1. This refers to an offer submitted by a contractor in response to the invitation.

a. plan b. proposal c. bid d. bidding e. quotation

2. It includes construction, improvement, rehabilitation, demolition, repair, restoration or

maintenance of roads and bridges, railways, airports, seaports, communication
facilities, civil works component of information technology projects, irrigation, flood
control facilities and other related works.
a. development c. infrastructure e. building project
b. civil works d. bid project

3. This is a plan emanating from any of the experts of the intellectual resource of an
organization.
a. unsolicited proposal c. external proposal e. internal proposal
b. solicited proposal d. institutional proposal

4. This type of proposal purports to redesign the management structure of an institution,

creating new position or department abolishing or creating functions and their related
tasks.
a. service proposal c. program proposal e. organizational proposal
b. system proposal d. project proposal

5. It pertains to a group of related projects managed in a coordinated system to obtain

benefits and control not availability from managing them individually.
a. project c. program e. system
b. d. work d. infrastructure

6. It is a contractual arrangement whereby the proponent undertakes the construction,

financing, then operates the facility, then turns over such project to the awarding
government agency.
a. Build - Operate and - Transfer d. Build-Lease-and - Transfer
b. Build - and Transfer e. Build - Transfer - and - Operate
c. Build - Own - and - Operate
 7. A private entity builds a facility on a turn key basis, transfers the facility to the
government, but the private entity operates project on behalf of the government.

a. Build- Own - and - Operate

b. Build - Operate - and - Transfer d. Build - and - Transfer
c. Build-Lease - and - Transfer e. Build -Transfer - and - Operate

8. A contractual arrangement whereby an existing facility is turned over to the private

sector to refurbish, repair, maintain and operate, for a franchise after a fixed period,
then turns over the title to the government.
a. Develop - Operate - and - Transfer
b. Contract - Add - and Operate
c. Rehabilitate - Operate - and Transfer
d. Rehabilitate - Own - and - Operate
e. Operate - Own - and - Rehabilitate

9. A contract in which facility is turned over to the private sector to refurbish and
operate with no time limitation as long as the operator does not violate the franchise.
a. Contract - Add - and - Operate
b. Develop - Operate - and - Transfer
c. Rehabilitate - Operate - and - Transfer
d. Operates - Own - and - Rehabilitate
e. Rehabilitate - Own - and - Operate

10. It involves steps procedure, techniques or strategies in accomplishing task are that are
seemingly ordinary, traditional, obsolete or burdensome in order to do them with
facility, faster and even at a lowest cost.
a. Product proposal d. Organizational proposal
b. Technical proposal e. Operational proposal
c. Service proposal

Part 2. Create a proposal, identify its type according to area of concern and its source,
following the generally accepted format or as demanded by the nature of the proposal. You
may use additional sheets for this purpose.

Chapter 6
ORGANIZING A REPORT

Learning Outcomes

At the progress of the course, you are able to:

 1.Organize a technical report that aims to convey factual accomplishments and situations
2.Improve institution, system or operation through accuracy and objectivity on report
presentation.
3.Synthesize the underlying reasons for the negative or positive elements of the report.

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<

The Need to Prepare a Report

Industry, filed and laboratory activities follow an accepted plan for implementation.
Once the task commences reports shall be made and forwarded to all concerned, reports shall
also be made and forwarded to all concerned parties: the subordinates, supervisor, colleagues’
stakeholder and even the public. Whether the situations or outputs become favorable or
unfavorable, the faculty of the report should be ensured by the accountable technical reporter.

Making reports as an administrative obligation addresses various significant reasons:

1. Serve as basis for supervision

2. Demands conduct of investigation
3. Recommends alternative action
4. Illustrates the rate of progress of a work, and
5. Guarantees the making of decisions.

Report is a factual and objective statement of activities and outputs of scientist, engineers and
technologist covering a bounded period and task in their field of work.

Classification of Reports

1. Narrative reports. It uses more words than number and is stated in textual or
paragraph forms.

2. Statistical reports. It uses more number than words. Data appear in graphs charts or
tables.
3. Periodic report. This is accomplished following a regular interval of time like daily,
weekly, monthly, quarterly, or annually.

4. Special report. This type of report is done any time in response to request of persons
or for extraordinary occasions.

5. Progress report. (A Latin word progressus) it is a type of report prepared to show the
advancement, improvement, growth, development, or changes in a project or activity.
Progress report normally specifies the comparative numeric or adjectival differences
between the present and the previous subject of the report.
 6. Initial report. An initial report is done at the beginning of a project or activity that
may begin by documenting the problem. It outlines the activities necessary to
accomplish the task. It also identifies the anticipated outcomes and expected date of
completion.

7. Status report. This is done when the project or activity is going on. It shows the
present situation and extent of work or activity, identifies problems encountered and
recommends alternatives to the plan.

8. Terminal report. It summarizes, comments and provides specification related to the

completed work or activity purportedly for turn over the awarding party or for
certification of completion by an authorized party.

Narrative
Report

NATIONAL ROAD CONSTRUCTION MONITORING TEAM

EDSA, Quezon City

This report the highlights of the monitoring activities of three coalitions for the
construction of public roads implemented by the government in various work areas in the
entire archipelago for the period ended 30 March 2010.

Coalition for Bicol Development

The Coalition for Bicol Development (CBD) in Region V monitored 3 road projects
which were locally funded in the Province of Camarines Sur and 1 ODA funded road project
in Albay. For the initial field monitoring report, CBD submitted a Red Flag Reporting form
for the Rehabilitation of Ligao-Pio Duran, Albay. The volunteers for his region found that
there was no project billboard to provide detailed information for the said project. There was
no lamp post observed in some points of the road where it is supposed to be needed including
guardrails. It was also observed that scattered aggregates were used as warning for motorist.

During the initial visits, poor project implementation by the contractor for the Road
Blocking of Danao – Pasacao Road, Pasacao, Camarines Sur, was also observed. There was
lack of traffic signs, guardrails, garbage disposal and information on damaged road to warn
the motorist. The monitors also observed that the contractors and workers lacked the safety
gear and equipment, and there was poor workmanship and execution in doing the road
blocking.
 Potholes corner cracks and pockmarks were also observed as road distress in the San
isidro – Hanwan Road, Iriga City. No project billboard was done to inform the public about
the said project.

On the other hand, CBD reported positively on the two other local projects – the
Rehabilitation of Danao – Pasacao the projects met the concerns and interest of the
community, most especially in terms of its functionality.

In addition, the monitors are glad to report that the DPWH Region V had been very
accommodating to them. During their field monitoring activities, they were even provided
transportation to the project sites.

Mindanao Coalition for Development

The Mindanao Coalition of Development Non- Government Organization in Regions

IX, X, XI, XII and CARAGA, together with its volunteer organizations also gave positive
report about the projects in their regions. The first set of report included 4 ongoing
construction, 4 completed projects, and 7 other projects which have not been started which
according to DPWH Head Office, are projects which have not been bid out yet. positive
reports about the project in their region. The first set of reports included 4 ongoing
construction, 4 ongoing construction, 4 completed projects, and 7 other projects which have
not been started which according to DPWH Head Office, are projects which have not been
bid out yet.

The Rehabilitation/construction of Quezon – Mapawa – Capalayan – Espina – Navarro

Road in Agusan Del Sur completed in December 2021 was rated fair by a volunteer monitor
although there was a pavement distress.

Improvement and concreting of additional two lanes along Davao – Cotabato Road is
proposed in Davao Del Norte.

Kalinga Apayao Religious Sector

The kalinga Apayao Religious Sector in Cordillera Administrative Region is

monitoring the improvement and widening of Bontoc – Tabuk – Tuguegarao Road (Labugan
– Pingao Section, Dao Bridge – Coebaet Bridge Section, Pingao – Dao Bridge Section, and
Dalimono Section) in Tabuk City. This is a locally- funded project which started in July
20021 and is expected to be completed this year.

Monitor noted the use of undersize stones on the riprapping work which is “typical of
all completed riprap on the three adjoining projects constructed by the OCDC”.

Special
Report
 TECHNOLOGY CITY
OFFICE OF THE BUILDING ADMINISTRATOR
Honesty, Technology City

ELECTRICAL INSPECTION REPORT

The final inspection of the electrical installation had been conducted on the building and/or
premises covered by Building Permit No. 1001200 issued on 10 January 2009 and the same
were found completed specifications on file with the office of the Building Administrator
and in accordance with the provisions of the Electrical Code.
Name of Owner : Ariel L. Borlado
Adress : 7331 Camaro St., Honesty,
Technology City
Type of Occupancy : Residential
Date of Completion : 08 January 2022

NUMBER OF OUTLETS / DEVICES AND EQUIPMENT:

Lights : 11
Receptacle : 10
Aircon :2
Buzzer :1

PERSON IN CHARGE OF INSTALLATION

Reynaldo L. Dela Cruz – Registered Electrical Engineer

PRC Registration Number – 10246

12 Mapayapa Village, Technology City

PTR Number – 84565316
CTC Number – 20201752
Place – Honesty, Technology City

TIN – 116 – 003 – 367

Inspected: Noted:

AARON B. TEKNOKO MIKE B. INFORMATICO

Electrical Engineer III Chief Electrical Engineer
 Statistical Report

GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION

EDSA, Quezon City

REPORT ON PHYSICAL COUNT OF EQUIPMENT

As of 31 December 2021

For which Michael C. Benavidez Senior Engineer is accountable effective 01 January 2021.

QUANTITY DESCRIPTION PROPERTY UNIT REMARK

NUMBER VALUE

20 Bulldozer RAB 101 to 1.9 M Serviceable

Komatsu 9 120

Backhoe 1.92 M Serviceable

10 Hyundai

LCB 01 to
40 Model BX 10

Dump Truck 1.6 M Serviceable

Isuzu 4x RCB 01 to 40
Prepared by:

ZANA I. TOTOO
Chief, Inventory Committee
 Periodic Report

MALIGAYA MOTORS CORPORATION

Quezon Avenue, Quezon City

QUARTERLY DELIVERY REPORT

For the period January 1 – March 31, 2022

Unit Type Depot Stocks

Delivered to TOTAL
Other Stores
___________________________________________________
Vios 2000 1200 3200

Avanza 1500 1000 2500

Innova 1000 800 1800

Fortuner 800 500 1300

Prepared by:

PONG A. GO
Manager
 Progress Report

SOUTH EAST ASIA DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION

Lipa City, Batangas

SUBDIVISION PROJECT PROGRESS REPORT

Work Title % Completed % Remaining

Past Present
(01 Jan 2019) (28 Feb 2022)
__________________________________________________________

Phase 1 80 91 9
Phase 2 61 85 15
Phase 3 85 95 5
Phase 4 70 95 5
Phase 5 65 90 10
Access Roads 80 96 4
Water System 85 97 3
Electrical Lines 80 95 5
Amenities 85 95 5

Based on the rate of progress of the work, the expected inauguration and turnover of the
project to the investors will be on 30 March 2019

ENGR. LEONARDO C. BOLAYBOLAY

Project Manager

Status Report

NATIONAL ELECTRIFICATION ADMINISTRATION

Quezon City, Philippines

STATUS OF ENERGIZATION
As of 31 October 2022
(www.nea.gov.ph)

ELECTRIC BARANGAYS %
COOPERATIVES Potential Energized

ILOCOS REGION
Ilocos Norte 557 557 100
Ilocos Sur 768 768 100
La Union 536 536 100
Pangasinan I 192 198 100
Central Pangasinan 553 553 100
Pangasinan III 421 421 100

CAGAYAN VALLEY

Batanes 29 29 100
Cagayan I 376 376 100
Cagayan II 510 510 100
Isabela I 484 484 100
Isabela II 545 545 100
Nueva Vizcaya 275 275 100
Quirino 150 150 100

CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

Abra 303 303 100

Benguet 269 269 100
Ifugao 175 175 100
Kalinga- Apayao 221 221 100
Mountain Province 144 144 100

CENTRAL LUZON

Aurora 157 157 100

Tarlac I 421 421 100
Tarlac II 120 120 100
Nueva Ecija I 95 95 100
Nueva Ecija II Area 1 291 291 100
Nueva Ecija II Area 2 228 228 100
San Jose City 38 38 100
Pampanga Rural 34 34 100
Pampanga I 112 112 100
Pampanga II 175 175 100
Pampanga III 95 95 100
Bataan 241 241 100
Zambales I 118 118 100
Zambales II 111 111 100

CALABARZON

First Laguna 164 164 100

Batangas I 366 366 100
Batangas II 482 482 100
Quezon I 805 805 100
Quezon II 129 129 100

MMAROPA

Lubang 25 25 100
Occidental Mindoro 137 137 100
Oriental Mindoro 426 426 100
Marinduque 218 218 100
Tablas 112 112 100
Romblon 66 66 100
Leyte IV 245 245 100
Leyte V 414 414 100
Southern Leyte 500 500 100
Biliran 117 117 100
Northern Samar 569 569 100
Samar I 427 427 100
Samar II 524 524 100
Eastern Samar 569 569 100

ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA
Zamboanga Del Norte585 585 100

Zamboanga Del Sur I 628 628 100

Zamboanga Del Sur II558 558 100
Zamboanga City 94 94 100

NORTHERN MINDANAO

Misamis Occidental I 227 227 100

Misamis Occidental II253 253 100
Misamis Oriental I 155 155 100
Misamis Oriental II 269 269 100
First Bukidnon 303 302 99
Camiguin 58 58 100
Lanao Del Norte 407 407 100
DAVAO REGION

Davao Oriental 183 183 100

Davao Del Norte 374 374 100
Davao Del Sur 337 337 100

SOCCSKSARGEN

North Cotabato 543 543 100

South Cotabato I 172 172 100
South Cotabato II 204 204 100
Sultan Kudarat 307 305 99

AUTONOMOUS REGION IN MUSLIM MINDANAO

Tawi – Tawi 186 186 100

Siasi 66 66 100
Sulu 330 330 100
Basilan 269 269 100
Cagayan De Sulu 17 14 82
Lanao Del Sur 1173 1173 100
Maguindanao 381 374 98

CARAGA

Agusan Del Norte 252 252 100

Agusan Del Sur 314 314 100
Surigao Del Norte 203 203 100
Siaragao 132 132 100
Dinagat 100 100 100
Suridago Del Sur I 112 112 100
Surigao Del Sur II 197 197 100

POTENTIAL BARANGAYS - 36,030

ENERGIZED - 36, 005 99

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

RENATO L. SUBIJANO LEILANI L. RICO

MIS Design Specialist A Data Management Chief A
 Learning Enhancement Activity 6

Name Score
Progra Date
m

Part 1. IDENTICATION. Write on the space before each number the information meant in
each item.

____________1. This is a type of report done for a special occasion or in

response to a request.
____________2. This report accomplished while the subject, activity
project being reported is still going on.
____________3. It is a report made comprised mainly of sentences and
paragraph or textual form.
____________4. This is one of many reasons for making report.

____________5. A factual and objective statement of activities and

outputs of scientist, engineers and technologist covering
a bounded period and tasks in their field of work.

____________6. A report made at the end of each year.

____________7. This type of report is made at the completion of any

activity or project.

____________8. This report is dominated by figures, numbers, and even

graphs.

____________9. A report made every end of March, June, September or

December.

____________10. A report made every Saturday embodying the

highlights of accomplishments from Monday there
before.

Part 2. Instructions. Create a terminal report embodying the highlights of the completed
project or activity of your company. You may use additional sheets for this purpose.

Chapter 7
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

Learning Outcomes

At the progress of the course, you our potential intellectual property creators are able to:

1. Identify the manner by which intellectual properties are created and protected
2. Advance your competence in the diffusion of intellectual property for the maximum
utilization of the public
3. Display high level respect to the rights of inventors, authors, artists and other
intellectual property creators.

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<

The world recognize that an effective utilization of intellectual and industrial property
system in vital of the development of the global community and creative activity and facilities
transfer of technology, attract foreign investments, and ensures market access for our product.
Every citizen in the world shall protect and secure the exclusive rights of scientists, inventor,
artists and other gifted to their intellectual property and creation as these are beneficial to us.

The use of intellectual property bears a social function. To this end, all states shall
promote the diffusion of knowledge and information for promotion of global development
and progress
 It shall also be there policy of every state in the world to streamline administrative
procedure and copyrights, to liberalize the registration of the transfer of Technology, and to
enhance the enforcement of intellectual property rights.

Any person who is national or who is domiciled or has a real and effective industrial
establishment in a country is a party to any conservation, treaty or agreement relation to
intellectual property rights or the repression of unfair competition, to which a country is also a
party, or extends reciprocal rights to nationals of the country, shall be entitled to benefits the
extent necessary to give effects to any provision of such as convention treaty or reciprocal
law.

Intellectual Property ( RA 10055 ) is the term used to describe intangible assets

resulting from the creating works of an individual or organization. It also refers to creation of
the minds, such as inventions, literary and artistic works, symbols name, image and designs
use in commerce. Intellectual property involves copyrights trademark, geographic indication,
industrial design, patent, topography and trade secret.

Technology transfer arrangements refers to contract or agreement including the

transfer of systematic knowledge for the manufacture of a product, the application of the
process or rendering of a service including management contract, and the transfer, assignment
or licensing of all forms of intellectual property rights, including the licensing of computer
software expert computer software developed from mass market.

Patent

Patent is a grant of rights to inventor giving him dominion over new ideas to keep
other from making commercial use of these ideas without the inventor’s permission. Inventor
is any person who, at the filing date of application, had a right to be patent.

Patentable Inventions

Any technical solution of a problem is any field of human activity which is new,
involves an inventive step and is industrially applicable. It may be, or relate to, a product, or
process, or an improvement of any of the foregoing. An invention involves an Inventive step
if having regard to prior art, is not obvious to a person skilled in art at the time of filling date
or priority sate of the application claiming the invention. It is industrially applicable if the
invention can be produced and used in any industry. It is new if the invention does not from
prior art or novelty. Prior art shall consist of everything which has been made available to the
public anywhere in the world.

Nonpatentable Inventions

These shall be excluded from patent protection:

1. Discoveries, scientific theories and mathematical methods.

 2. Schemes, rules and method of performing metal acts, playing games or doing
business, and program for computers;
3. Methods for treatment of the human or animal body by surgery or therapy and
diagnostic methods practiced on the human or animal body. This provision shall not
apply to product and competition for use in any these methods.
4. Plant varies or animal breeds or essentially biological process for the production of
plants or animals. This provision shall not apply to microorganism and nonbiological
and microbiological processes.
5. Aesthetic creation and; and
6. Anything which is contrary to public order or morality.

Patent Application

The patent application shall be in national or international language and shall contain
the following
1. A request for the grant of patent;
2. A description of invention;
3. Drawing necessary for the understanding of the invention;
4. One or more claims; and
5. An abstract

No patent may be granted unless the application identifies the invention. If the
applicant is not the invention, the office may require him to submit.

Request. The request shall contain a petition for the grant of patent, the name of other
data of the applicant, the inventor, the agent and the title of the invention.

Description of the Invention. The application shall disclose the invention in a manner
sufficiently clear and complete for it to be carried out by a person skilled in the art. Where
the application concerns a microbiological process or the product thereof and involves the
use of microorganisms which cannot be sufficiently disclosed in the application in such a
way as to enable the invention to be carried out by a person skilled in the art, such material is
not available to the public, the application shall be supplemented by a deposit of such
material with an international depository institution.

Claims. The application shall contain one (1) or more claims which shall define the
matter for which protection is sought. Each claim shall be clear and concise, and shall be
supported by the description.

Abstract. The abstract shall consist of a concise summary of the disclosure of the
invention as contained in the description, claims and drawings preferably not more than one
hundred fifty (150) words. It must be drafted in a way which allows the clear understanding
of the technical problem.
The gist of the solution of that problem through the invention and the principal use of uses of
the invention, and the principal use or uses of the invention. The abstract shall merely serve
for technical information.

Hereinafter appears a reproducible but not for sale facsimile of the application form
for patent, in A4 size of white bond paper.

TAPI FORM: IPR – 001

APPLICATION FOR TAPI’S PATENTING ASSISTANCE

1. NAME/S
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________________________

ADDRESS:
__________________________________________________
_

TEL NO./ FAX NO:

2. TITLE OF INVENTION/ TECHNOLOGY:

_______________________________________________________________

3. STATUS OF DEVELOPMENT:
( ) With Prototype
( ) Without Prototype
( ) Ready for commercialization
( ) Development Stage
( ) Bench scale

On separate sheet, please elaborate.

4. ASSISTANCE BEING REQUESTED:

( ) Financial support for preparation, filling and prosecution of the patent

application,

( ) Consultancy services only. Please specify.

- Advisory services concerning rules of practice and procedure in patent

cases.
- Guidance and assistance in the preparation of patent application documents
including specification, claims and drawings.

5. DETAILED DISCLOSURE
(Please use separate sheet)

The Invention/ technology must be disclosed in a manner sufficiently clear and

complete for it to be carried out by person skilled in the art. Such detailed
disclosure must contain complete description of at least one way of carrying out
the invention/ technology claimed using examples where appropriate and referring
to the drawings particularly in cases of machines, devices and the like. Please
provide background information and state the advantage of the new invention/
technology preferably with reference to the prior inventions/ technologies.

__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________

Signatures/s of Inventor/s
_____________________

Technology Developer/s
-----------------------------
-----------------------------

Term of Patent

The term of patent shall be twenty (20) years from the filling date of the
application.

Utility Model

It is an incremental invention, petty patent, innovation patent, minor or utility

innovation that is a new and industrially applicable but does not follow inventive
 step. A utility model registration shall expire, without any possibility of renewal, at
the end of the seventh year the date of the filling of the application. In some
countries, the protection ranges from 5 to 15 years.

Industrial Design

It is any composition of lines or colors any three dimensional form, whether or

not associated with lines or color: Provided, That such composition or form gives a
special appearance to and can serve as pattern for an industrial product or
handicraft. Only industrial designs that are new or original shall be protected by
law. Industrial Design is also defined (http://en.wikipedia.org) as any visual design
of object that are not purely utilitarian. It consists of the creation of a shape,
configuration, or composition of pattern, color, or combination of pattern and color
in three dimensional forms containing aesthetic value. It can be a two or three-
dimensional pattern used to produce a product, industrial commodity or handicraft.

Every application for registration of an industrial design shall contain:

1. A request for the registration of the industrial design;

2. Information identifying the applicant;
3. An indicator of the kind of article of manufacture or handicraft to which the
design shall be applied;
4. A representation of the article of manufacture or handicraft by way of drawing,
photographs or other adequate graphic representation of the design applied to
the article of manufacture or handicraft which clearly and fully disclose those
features for which design protection is claimed; and
5. The name and address of the creator, or where the applicant is not the creator, a
statement indicating the origin of the right to the industrial design registration.

Term of Industrial Design Registration

The registration of an industrial design shall be for period of five(5) years from the
filling date of the application.

Incentives to Inventors

The state gives priority to invention and its utilization on the country’s productive
system an national life: and to this end provides incentives to inventors and protects their
exclusive right to their invention, particularly when the invention is beneficial to the people
and contributes to national development and progress (RA 7459). Such act ( Inventors and
Invention Incentives) defines invention as any patented machine, product, process including
implement or tools and other related gadgets of invention, utility model and industrial design
patents. Inventor refers to the patentee, heir, and assignee of an invention letter patent, utility
model letter or industrial design letter patent. Technology means the application of knowledge
or science which shall include all others such as inventions, innovations and result or
researchers.

Categories of Outstanding Inventions

1. Inventions First Prize Php 100,000.00

Second Prize 50,000.00
Third Prize 20,000.00

2. Utility Models First Prize 50,000.00

Second Prize 20,000.00
Third Prize 10,000.00

3. Industrial Design First Prize 50,000.00

Second Prize 20,000.00
Third Prize 10,000.00

4. Creative Research First Prize 20,000.00

Second Prize 10,000.00
Third Prize 5,000.00

Aside from cash awards, the inventors shall be exempt from payment of license fees,
permit fees and other business taxes in the development of their particular invention.

Likewise, the Technology Application and Promotion Institute (TAPI) of the

Department of Science and Technology (DOST) provides financial support and other forms
of assistance for:

Promotion Collaterals Preparation –preparation and publications of promotional materials

on patented and patent – pending local inventions covering mainly printing costs of
predetermined number of publication/promotions materials (brochures, leaflets, posters, and
labeled packages), including cost of advertising placement for winning inventions.

Invention Exhibit – promotion and marketing of Filipino invented products in tie – up with
other government agencies private sector and business association covering mainly basic cost
of participation and / or promotion collaterals.

Invent School – the Institute of Creativity and Inventiveness, Inc. (ICII), LGUs and NGOs
stimulate student’s interest for creativity and inventiveness.

Inventors Training – provides training packages in management, business and marketing

operation to enhance capabilities of inventors in commercializing and marketing their
inventions(www.tapi.dost.gov.ph).
Trademark

Mark means any visible sign capable of distinguishing the goods (trademark) or services
(service mark) of an enterprise and shall include a stamped or marked container of an
goods. Collective mark means any visible sign designated as such in the application for
registration and capable of distinguishing the origin of any other common characteristics,
including the quality of goods or services of different enterprises which use the sign under
the control of the registered owner of the collective mark. A trade name refers to the name
or designation identifying or distinguishing an enterprise. Reynolds (2010) stated that
trademark is logo, package design, phrase, sound, or word that enables a consumer to
differentiate one company’s product form another’s Trademark (Black’s Law Dictionary, 6 th
Edition) likewise means a distinctive mark, motto, device or emblem which a manufacturer
stamps, prints, or otherwise affixes to the goods he produces, so that they may be identified
in the market, and their origin be vouched for. Trademark may be categorized as descriptive
trademarks and suggestive trademarks. Descriptive Trademarks are those which directly
convey to the buyer the ingredients, qualities or characteristics of the products. Suggestive
Trademarks are those which require the buyer to use thought, imagination or perception to
connect the mark with the goods.

We consider these truths when we register trade name:

1. It must be short
Example: Smart, Ford

2. Easy to memorize.
Example: Microsoft, Toyota

3. Has global appeal.

Example: Boeing, Globe

4. Suggests what the trade is about.

Example: Net 25, GEM Net

Trademark Devices can be in any decodable or legible

Forms like:

1. Letter and words

2. Logos
3. Pictures or drawings
4. Combination
5. Slogans
6. Color marks
7. Product shape
8. Sound marks

Registrability of Marks
 A mark shall be acquired through registration made validly in accordance with law.
But, a mark cannot be registered if it:

1. Consists of immoral, deceptive or scandalous matter which may disparage of falsely

suggest a connection with person, living or dead, institution, beliefs, or national symbols,
or bring them into contempt or disrepute;

2. Consists of the flag or coat of arms or other insignia of the nation or any of its political
subdivision, or of any foreign nation, or any simulation thereof;

3. Consists of a name, portrait or signature identifying a particular living individual except

by his written consent, or the name, name, signature, or portrait of a deceased President
of the country, during the life of his widow, if any, except by written consent of the
widow;

4. Is identical with a registered mark belonging to a different proprietor or a mark with an

earlier filling or priority date, in
respect of:

1. The same goods or services, or

2. Closely related goods or services, or
3. If it nearly resemble such mark as to be likely to deceive or cause confusion;

5. is identical with, or confusingly similar to, or constitute a translation of a mark which is

considered by the competent authority of the state to be well – known internationally in the
country, whether or not is registered here, as being already the mark of person other than the
applicant for registration, and used for identical or similar goods or services: Provided, that
in determining whether a mark is well known, accountant shall be taken of the knowledge of
the relevant sector of the public, rather than of the public at large, including knowledge in
the country which has been obtained as a result of the promotion of the mark;

6. is identical with, or confusingly similar to, or constitute a translation of a mark considered

well – known in accordance with the preceding paragraph, which are not similar to those
with respect to which registration is applied for: Provided, that is use of the mark in relation
to those goods or services would indicate a connection between those goods or services, and
the owner of the registered mark; Provided further, that the interest of the owner of the
registered mark are likely to be damaged by such use;

7. is likely to mislead the public, particularly as to the nature, quality,

Characteristic or geographical origin of the goods or services;
8. consists exclusively of the signs or of indication that have become customary or usual
designate the goods or services in everyday bona fide and established trade practice;
9. consist exclusively of signs that are generic for the goods or services that they seek to
identify;

10. consist exclusively of signs or of indication that may serve trade to designate the kind,
quantity, intended purpose, value geographical origin, time or production of the goods or
rendering of the services or other characteristic of the goods or services;

11. consist of shapes that may be necessitated by technical factors or by the nature of the
goods themselves or factors that affect their intrinsic values;

12. consist of color alone, unless defined by a given form; or

13. is contrary to public order or morality.

As regards signs or devices mentioned, nothing shall prevent the registration of any
such sign or device which has become distinctive in relation to the goods for which
registration is requested as a result of the use that has been made of it in commerce in the
country. The registration office may accept as prima facie evidence that the mark has become
distinctive, as used in connection with the applicant’s goods or services in commerce, proof
of sustainability, exclusive and continuous use thereof by the applicant in commerce in the
country for five (5) years before the date on which the claim of distinctiveness is made.

Requirements for Mark Registration

The application for the registration of the mark shall be in national or in international
language and shall contain the following:

1. A request for registration;

2. The name and address of the applicant;
3. The name of the state of which the applicant is a national or where he has domicile and
the name of the state in which the applicant has a real and effective industrial or
commercial establishment,
if any;
4. Where the applicant is a juridical entity, the law under which it is organized and existing;
5. The appointment of an agent or representative, if any the applicant is not domiciled in the
country;
6. Where the applicant claims the priority of an earlier application, an indication of:
6.1. The name of the state with whose national office the earlier application was
filed or if filed with an office other than a national office, the name of that office,
6.2. The state on which the earlier application was filed, and
6.3. Where available, the application number of the earlier application;
7. Where the applicant claims color as a distinctive feature of the mark, a statement to that
effect as well as the name or names of the color or colors claimed and an indication, in
respect of each color, of the principal parts of the mark which area in that color;
8. Where the mark is a three – dimensional mark, a statement to that effect;
9. One or more reproductions of the mark;
10. A transliteration or translation of the mark or some parts of the mark;
11. The names of the goods or services for which the registration is sought, grouped
according to the classes of the Nice Classification, together with the number of the class
of the said classification to which each group of goods or services belongs; and
12. A signature by; or other self identification of the applicant or his representative.

Trade Name

A name ( trade name or business name) or designation may not be used as such if by
its nature or other the use to which use name or designation may be put, and it is contrary to
public order or morals and if, in particular, it is liable to deceived trades circles or the public
as to the nature of the enterprise identified by that name.

Process of Trade Name Application

1. Choose a Trade Name. Think at least three trade names. In case your first preference is
already used by another, you may opt to use the next preference.

2. Search Online for a Trade Name. Use the online search facility to ensure that your
proposed name us not confusingly similar to name registered with any government
agency like in the Department of Labor and Employment, Cooperative Commission.
Note that the final determination of the availability and suitability of the name you wish
register will be made by a DTI Examiner once he has received the application.

3. Register Your Trade Name. Register your business name by completing the business
applicant profile registration.

4. Submit Documentary Requirements. After submitting the application online, the

necessary documents if applicable are listed in the transaction Reference Number
Acknowledgement. Submit said documents to proper DTI Office where your business is
located. The signed Acknowledgement form should be submitted to DTI also.

5. Pay Your Application. Pay the application fee indicated on your Transaction Reference
Number acknowledgement form. The officer will assess application form and if
everything complies, he will issue you a Business Name Certificate
(www.dti.gov.ph)

Registration of Trade to be Operated by a Sole Proprietor

These are the requirements and procedures in the registration of a business name to be
operated by a sole proprietor:

1. The applicant must be a Filipino citizen, at least 18 years of age.

2. Proof of Citizenship ( Present original copies of all documents for comparison):
 1. Natural born Filipinos whose name are suggestive of an alien nationality
( Example: Chua, Taylor, etc.) need to submit a photography of any proof of
citizenship, such a birth certificate, voter’s ID, PRC ID or passport.
2. If proprietor is a Filipina married to a foreigner, submit photocopy of any proof of
citizenship, such as birth certificate voter’s ID, PRC ID or passport plus photocopy
of the marriage certificate.

For Citizen of the Philippines by:

3. Naturalization – submit photocopy of naturalization certificate and oath of

allegiance or identification card issue by the Bureau of Immigration and
Deportation.
4. Election – submit photocopy of affidavit of election or identification card issued
by the Commission on Elections.
5. Verification of Nature Business. Below are examples of nature business, that have
additional requirements on a case to case basis depending on actual examination
and processing of the application (All documents need the presentation of their
original for comparison)

1. Photocopy of license from the DTI for real estate business.

2. Photocopy of license from DTI for fire extinguisher business
3. Accreditation from DTI for services and repair shop
4. Merchandise/Ship Broker license from DTI if business travel agency with
ticketing as nature of business.
5. License as General Bonded Warehouse if business is warehousing/ storage of
goods or other than grains.

4. Processing Fee plus documentary stamps.

Registration of Trade to be Operated by a Corporation, Partnership or Cooperatives.

These are processes and requirements for the registration for the above registration of
business to be operated by the above mentioned type of owners:

1. Submit completely filled up application form signed by at least one of the

incorporators or any board’s authorized signatory.
2. Photocopy of the SEC/CDA certificates or registration and articles of
incorporation, partnership or cooperative certifying each page true copy by the
corporate secretary, one of the partners of the cooperative secretary as the case
may be.
3. Board Resolution Partnership agreement
4. Processing fee and documentary stamps.
The application forms for trade registration to DTI are downloadable through the agency
website (www.dti.gov.ph). Forms are also available at the Information Counter of the
Business Registration Center, DTI Main Building; 361 Gill Puyat Avenue, Makati City.

Validity of Trade Name Registration

The Business Name Registration is renewable every five (5) years. Such renewal
should be made within 90 days following the expiration of the five – year period from the
date of original registration. The trade name is automatically deleted from the computer files
six (6) months after the date of expiration and after publication of such in leading newspaper.
If applicant registers after six (6) months after the date of expiration, the application is
considered as new application.

Trade Secret

It is confidential formula, practice, process, design, pattern, instrument, or information

that is known exclusively to the owner company to ensure its economic advantage over its
competitors. These factors serve as evidence that a person safeguards his trade secrets
(Krieger, 1987):

1. The extent to which the information is known outside his enterprise.

2. The extent to which it is known by employees and other involved in his business.
3. The extent of measures taken by him to guard the secrecy of the information
4. The value of the information to him taken and to his competitors
5. The amount of effort or money expended by him in developing the information, and the
ease or difficulty with which the information could properly acquired or duplicated by
others.

Geographical Indication

Geographical Indication (GI) refers to a name or sign indicated on certain products

which communicates the place of origin or the town, province, region or country that makes
such product. Bearing the geographical source of the product is tantamount to a certification
of quality, competitiveness or reputation of that item or trade.

Copyright

Copyright(Gifis, 1984) refers to the protection of the works of artist and authors
giving them the exclusively dominion to publish, distribute, display, perform their works or
determine who may so publish or to prepare derivative works based on the work. Author
pertains to anyone who wrote, contributed or made the final version of the paper.

Literary and Artistic Works

Literary and artistic works are original intellectual creations in the literary and artistic
domain protected from the moment of their creation and shall include in particular:
 1. Books, pamphlets, articles and other writings;
2. Periodicals and newspapers;
3. Lectures, sermons, addresses, dissertations prepared for oral delivery, whether or not
reduced in writing or other material form;
4. Letters;
5. Dramatic or dramatic-musical compositions choreographic works entertainment in
dumb shows;
6. Musical compositions, with or without words;
7. Works of drawings, painting, architecture, sculpture, engraving, lithography or other
works of art; models or designs for work of art;
8. Original ornamental designs or models for articles of manufacture, whether or not
registrable as an industrial design, and other works of applied of art.
9. Illustration, maps, plans, sketches, charts, and three- dimensional works relative to
geography, topography architecture or science;
10. Drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technique character;
11. Photographic works including produced by process analogous to photography, lantern
slides;
12. Audiovisual works cinematographic works produced by a process analogous to
cinematography or any process for making audiovisual recordings.
13. Pictorial instructions and advertisements;
14. Computer programs; and
15. Other literary, scholarly, scientific and artistic works.

Preparing the Parts of a Book

Preparing a book entails you to explore further the physical components of the
material including its design elements.

Text Block. The text block is everything between the cover of the book including the
endpaper. It is composed of pages, leaves, sheets, and signature. One sheet of paper, folded
in halves is two leave and four pages. One half of each sheet of folded paper is a leaf. Each
side of each leaf is a page. A signature is two or more sheets of paper stacked and folded as a
group. The text block contains an area known as the type page, the area of printed page
excluding nonprinting areas like margins and gutters as well as some printed areas including
headers, footers and page numbers.

Bookplate. A plain or decorative paper label glued to the inside of the front cover or front
endpaper that the name of the book owner.

Colophon. ( a Greek word with means summit ) It is a publisher’s emblem on the title page
of a book.
Fillet. It is a decorative line or band impressed on the book cover.

Inlay, An illustration or other decorative element set into the cover of book or inset in the
border or frame of a paper.

Onlay, A decorative panel of a paper or the material superimposed on to the book cover.

Tab. ( or Thumb Index ). It is seems in reference book in a form of a piece of paper, card, or
fabric attached to the fore-edge of a book and stamped or printed with letters, words,
numbers, indicating alphabets or subject organization of the text. Directories, encyclopedia,
and bibles may have a thumb index where a series of half-circular notches or tabs are cut into
the fore-edge of a book.

Throwout. A foldable paper larger than other pages of the book like maps, table, diagrams
or photography so that the reader can fold it out for viewing.

Stages in Creating a Book

Design Stage. It begins with the determination of needs and the assessment of the factors
that may lead to instructional material creation.

Development Stage. It includes the selection of material and method integrating the inputs
from the result of the content validation made by the teacher or expert.

Evaluation Stage. This involves the measuring of the effectiveness and efficiency of the
instruction material.

Revision Stage. This pertains to the doing of improvements even in the most carefully
developed instructional material.

Significance of Book to Users

Books, instruction manuals, and other similar printed matters surely help usersrealize
their purpose in reading. In relation to writing instruction paper, Prosser (1997) learned that
writers of instructional material must be aware of the needs of users which should be
included in their materials. Definition and discussion should be appropriate to the readers
who are capable of using formal reasoning pattern as well as for those who are not. The
content of material should match and not exceed the cognitive abilities of the users.

Pagulayan (1990) disclosed that a book is effective to user students. His study
revealed that the students who were taught using a textbook performed better that those who
did not use the textbook.
 Likewise, Gidding (1986) shared that the use of instructional
modules in college teaching allows students to devote their class time to more writing,
inquiring and sharing ideas. Only about 31 percent individual assistance is needed in
instruction when the learner uses individualized materials in courses involving manipulative
skills. Printed materials yield good results with less time and energy incurred by the teacher
or by the company.

Criteria for Evaluation of Manuals, Books and References

For the Selection of Printed Materials

Books

Illustrations and lay – outs

Type style and text density
Paper quality
Durability of binding
Readability and interest levels
Indexing

Textbooks

Distinctly matching level of objectives

Value in reading, writing and/ or grammar
Productive and appropriate exercises
Of interest to students
Of reasonable cost to students

References

Cost effective in terms of projected use

Authority
Arrangement and texting
User – friendly

Instructional Materials

Subject Matter
Enhance the existing collection
Style and reading level is suitable to the user community
Contain accurate information

Construction Quality
Well – made and durable
 Quality print
Withstand multiple use

Potential Use
Dire demand of users for the material
Level of use justifies the acquisition
Relevance of the item to the community

Relation to the Collection

Does not duplicate existing materials
Not available elsewhere in the community

Bibliographic Considerations
Reputation of the publisher
Significance of the author
Cost
The intellectual substance of the material justifies the price
Has price comparable with those other materials in the same field

Nonfiction Books

Relevancy
Directly relevant to the topic
Relevant to the community situation
Recency
Up – to – date
Accuracy
Free from bias
The information in accurate
Opinions are distinguished from facts

Readability and Usefulness

The reading level of the material is appropriate to the level of the user.

The material is presented in manner suitable to the level of the user

Illustration are indicated proximate to the text that refer to them
Information are presented in a logical sequence

Appeal
The book is aesthetically designed. It has appeal to the users for which it purports to
serve.

Requirements for Copyright Registration

 The Copyright Office of the Intellectual Property Office located at the National
Library of the Philippines requires the following for the registration of copyrightable
materials. The application in to hereafter uses a legal size (8.5 “x 13”) of white bond paper
with such prints from front to back.

1. The application form shall be accomplished in DUPLICATE, TYPE WRITTEN and the
affidavit at the back should be duly NOTARIZED.

2. Application shall be accomplished by TWO (2) COPIES OF THE WORK AS

DEPOSIT, TWO HUNDRED PESOS
(Php 200.00) AS REGISTRATION FEE AND TWO (2) SETS OF TEN PESOS OF
DOCUMENTARY STAMPS. If sent through mail, the registration shall be in postal
money order (PMO) addressed to THE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL LIBRARY OF THE
PHILIPPINES.

3. If the work applied for registration is an original ornament design

(Classification H), It should be accompanied by a TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF
THE DESIGN.

4. If the work applied for registration is published work, two (2) printed copies with
copyright notice printed in front or at the back of the title page. If it is a book on any
clear space thereof if non – book material shall accompany the application. THE
APPLICATION NOTICE shall be in the form, Philippine copyright 20____(YEAR OF
PUBLICATION) BY__________
(NAME OF COPYRIGHT OWNER)

Example:

Philippine Copyright 2009

By National Book Store, Inc.
No. 8 of the application should be filled up by stating the specific date when the work
is finished and likewise No.9 be filled up to indicate when the work is published.

A “published work” for purposes of registration means that the work has been
disseminated to the public prior to its registration with the Copyright Office.

5. If the work applied for registration is unpublished work, two (2) manuscript and/or xerox
copies of the work without the copyright notice shall accompany the application.

“Unpublished work” for purposes of registration means that the work has not been
disseminated to the public at the time of registration.

6. If the applicant is non – resident foreigner, he/she should appoint a local authorized
Agent by a SPECIAL POWER OF ATTORNEY to prosecute copy application for and his/her
behalf with this office.
 7. If a third party is claiming copyright ownership of the work, a DULY
AUTHORIZED WAIVER OF COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIPexecuted by the AUTHOR in
favor of third party making the claim shall be attached to the application form.

8. If the applicant is a PROPRIETORSHIP OR A CORPORATION, A PHOTOCOPY OF

THE CERTIFICATE OF BUSINESS NAME (DTI or SEC Registration) (first page
only) shall be attached to the application.

9. If copyright certificate/s will be sent through mail, the applicant must attach a
MAILING ENVELOP and the corresponding MAILING STAMPS to the filled – up
application form.

N.L.P. NO. 24 (3rd Revision)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Application for Copyright Form

APPLICATION FOR COPYRIGHT

(Please Read Instruction Carefully Before Filling Blanks)

_________(Published)
_________(Unpublished)

______________FILING DATE PAPER NO.________

Date_________

The Director
National Library of the Philippines, Manila

SIR: I have the honor to apply for the copyright registration of the (a) unpublished (b)
published work named herein of which (c) two complete copies are herewith deposited in
compliance with the provisions of Republic Act 8293. The amount of Php 200.00 for the
registration fee and twenty pesos worth of documentary stamp to be affixed to the certificate
and application form are also enclosed. The data required by the rules and regulations of that
office are the following:

1. Name and address of copyright owner

__________________________________________
(claimant’s full legal name)
___________________________________________________
(Street number, municipality and province)
2. Name of Author:
____________________________________________________

3. Country of which the author is a citizen:

____________________________________________________
(Country)
4. If alien author, state Alien Certificate No. and where domiciled in the Philippines:
_____________________________________

5. Title of the Work:

____________________________________________________
(Title as it appears on the front part of the title page of the work)
____________________________________________________
Followed by the edition number, if any)

6. Class to which the work belongs:

_____________________________________________________

7. If copyright is claimed upon a new matter in a reissued work, state new matter
specially:
_____________________________________________________
(Additional chapter by new followed by inclusive pages in parenthesis; others
_____________________________________________________
more or less short but materials alterations)

8. (d) Completed (e) Printed or reproduced in copies on the ________

day of ____________ of ______________ at _________________
by (Date when the work or its printing was completed)(Municipality, Province)
_____________________________________________________
___________________( Person or Establishment making the printing and reproduction in
copies)

9. First published or sold to the public in the Philippines on the ______ day of
__________________________________________
___by_________________________________________________
(Day the work was placed on sale, sold or publicly distributed)(Municipality, Province)
______________________________________________________
(Person or Establishment)

10. Send certificate of registration to:

_____________________________________________________
(Name and address)

11. Unit price if reproduced in copies for sale:

Php___________________________________________________
Very respectfully,

_________________

(Signature of Applicant)
==================================
Deposit received on ___________________
Certificate issued on ___________________
Application received on ________________
Signed by ___________________________
Affidavit received on __________________
Certificate mailed by ___________________
Fee received Php _____ O. R. ____________
Certificate received by __________________
(Signature of receiver)
Date of Registration ______________________________

Of the lines marked (a) to (e) use the ones which apply and cross out the lines not used.

** The word author embraces a translator, composer, printer, sculptor or other artists, or a
photographer or a producer of a cinematographic film or publisher of a periodical, or an editor
of work without authors.
** In case of periodicals, the title includes the volume and number as well as the date of each
issue separately registered e.g. Philippines Magazine Vol. XXX No.2 July 1933
** See class designations may sign the application under the name of the claimant.
Accomplish this form in duplicate.

TYPEWRITTEN ONLY

(THIS FORM IS NOT FOR SALE AND MAY BE REPRODUCED)

This appears in toto at the back of the application form:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AFFIDAVIT

(IMPORTANT – This affidavit must be executed by individuals, an official of corporation

or firm may act and must be under the seal of an officer authorized to administer oaths within
the Philippines. In case of published works the execution must be subsequent to the date of
publication. The affiant must fill in the required statements to accord with the fact concerning
the work named, and draw pen though statements not intended to be made.)

REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

Municipality of ________________
Province or City of _____________ S.S
 I ___________________________________ being duly sworn, depose, do solemnly
and say:

That I am the (a) person claiming copyright (b) printer who printed (c) duly authorized
agent or representative residing in the Philippines of the claimant of copyright in the work
named herein;

That (d) I am a resident of the municipality of ________ Province

_________________ of ___________ and (e)
______________________________________________________
(name of claimant if other than affiant)
of____________________________________________________
claimant/s ownership of copyright in the ( municipality, province)
said work (f) as (g) by assignment (h) by inheritance from the author hereof, that said work is
(i) original, not copied from any work whether published or unpublished (j) a work falling
under Sec. 172 of R.A 8293 of which consent of the copyright owner has been secured of
which two (2) complete copies have been deposited, is
entitled_________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
(Title as it appears on the front part or title page (if book)
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
(of the work, edition number if any, author’s name if he is different from claimant)
And have been (k) completed (i) printed or reproduced in copies at
_____________________________________________________
by___________________________________________________
(municipality, province)
The work or its printing or reproduction having been completed on the _______________ day
of _____________, and the said work was first published or sold to the public in the
Philippines on the ________________day__________ of ____________________ at
_____________________________________________________
(same date given in the application) ( municipality, province)
by ___________________________________
(name of person in the application)
_____________________________________
(Signature of person making affidavit)

Subscribed and sworn to before me this _____________day of ________, __________.

The deponent in the foregoing affidavit exhibit to me his Community Tax Certificate No.
________________ issued at the Municipality of _______________________, Province of
_____________________ Philippines, on ____________________
NOTARIAL
P 10.00
Documentary
Stamp
SEAL

_____________________________________

Notary Public

My commission expires on ________________________

Doc. No. _______________________________________
Page No. _______________________________________
Book No. _______________________________________
Series No. ______________________________________

1. Of the lines ( a ) to ( I ) use the one which apply and cross lines not in use.
2. See footnote ** on the reverse back side hereof.
3. In case of periodicals the title includes the volume and number as well as the date of
which issue separately registered; e.g Philippine Magazine, Vol. XXX, No. 2 July 1933.
4. In case of manuscript or unpublished works, data regarding publication are not involve
and the corresponding blanks spaces need only created out.

Class Designations of Copyrightable Works (RA 8293)

Class Copyrightable Works

a. Books, Pamphlets, articles, and other writings.
b. Periodicals and newspapers
c. Lectures, sermons, addresses, dissertation for oral delivery, whether or not reduced in
writing and other material form
d. Letters
e. Dramatic or dramatic - musical composition.
f. Musical composition with or without words.
g. Works of drawing, planning, architecture, sculpture, engraving, lithography or other
works of art, model or design for works of arts
h. Original ornamental design, or model for articles of manufacture, whether or not
registrable as an industrial design or other works of applied art.
i. Illustration, maps, pans, sketches, charts and three- dimensional
j. Drawing or plastic works of scientific or technical character
k. Photographic works including works produced by process analogous to
cinematography or any process for making audio-visual recordings.
m. Pictorial illustration and advertisements
n. Computer programs.
o. Other literary, scholarly, scientific and artistic works.
p. Sound recordings.
 q. Broadcast recordings.

Derivative Works

The following derivative works shall also be protected by copyright:

1. Dramatizations, translations, adaptations, abridgements, arrangements, and other

alterations of literary or artistic works; and
2. Collection of literary, scholarly or artistic works, and compilation of data and other
materials which are original by reason of the selection or coordination or arrangement
their contents.

Work of Architecture

Copyright in a work of architecture shall include the right to control the erection of
any building which reproduces the whole or substantial part of the work either in its original
form or in any for recognizably derived from the original: Provided, that the copyright in any
such work shall not include the right to control the reconstruction or rehabilitation in the same
style as the original of a building to which that copyright relates.

Reproduction of Computer Program

The reproduction in one (1) back – up copy or adaptations of a computer shall be

permitted, without the authorization of the author of, or other owner of the computer program:
Provided that the copy or adaptation is necessary for:

1. The use of the computer program in conjunction with a computer for the purposes, and to
the extent, to which the computer program has been obtained; and
2. Archival purposes,, and for the replacement of the lawfully owned copy of the computer
program in the lawfully obtained copy of the computer program is lost,, destroy or
rendered unusable.

Rights of Performers

The performers shall enjoy the following exclusive rights:

1. As regards their performances, the right of authorizing:

1.1. The broadcasting and other communication to the public their performance; and
1.2. The fixation of their unfixed performance;
2. The right of authorizing the direct or indirect reproduction of their performances fixed in
sound recordings, in any manner or form;
3. The right of authorizing the first public distribution of the original and copies of their
performance fixed in the sound recordings through sale or rental or other forms of
transfer of ownership;
4. The right of authorizing the commercial rental to the public of the original and copies of
their performances fixed in sound recordings, even after distributions of them by, or
pursuant to the authorization by the performer; and
5. The right of authorizing the making available to the public of their performances fixed in
sound recordings, by wire or wireless means, in such a way that member of the public
may access them from a place and time individually chosen by them.

Rights of Producers of Sound Recordings

Producers of sound recordings shall enjoy the followings exclusive rights:

1. The right to authorize the direct or indirect reproduction of their sound recordings, in
an manner or form the placing of these reproduction in the market and the right of
rental or lending;
2. The right to authorize the first public distribution of the original and copies of their
sound recordings through sale or rental or other forms of transferring ownership; and
3. The right to authorize the commercial rental public of the original and copies of their
sound recordings, even after distribution by them by pursuant to authorization by the
producer.

Rights of Broadcasting Organizations

Broadcasting organization shall enjoy the exclusive right to carry out, authorize or
prevent any of the following acts:

1. The rebroadcasting of their broadcast;

2. The recording in any manner; including the making of films or the use of video tape,
of their broadcasts of the same; and
3. The use of such records for fresh transmission or fresh recording.
Optical Media

To regulate the use of optical media the congress enacted the Optical Media Act of
2003 (RA 9239) which spells that it is the policy of the state the protection and promotion of
intellectual property right. The state condemns the unregulated mastering, manufacture,
replication, importation and exportations of optical media in all forms because this in inimical
to economic growth and public interest.

Magnetic Media is a storage medium or device characterized by a base, usually

plastic, coated with ferric oxide powder, in which visual and/ or aural information, or software
code, may be recorded or stored, including, but not limited to magnetic tape, cassettes,
videotape, diskettes and floppy discs.

Mastering refers to the act or business of producing a stamper made of glass, metal or
other material, intended for the manufacture of optical media.
 Optical Media means a storage medium or device in which information, including
sounds and/ or images, or software code, has been stored, either by mastering and/or
replication which may be accessed and read using a lens scanning mechanisms employing a
high intensity light source such a laser or any such other means as may be developed in the
future.

Replication involves the process of manufacturing optical media by reproducing ore

generating copies of the stamper in an injection molding machine or other forms of replication
equipment.

The evidences that works are copyright include: International Standard Book Number
(ISBN) for books and monographs, International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) for serial
publication like journals and magazines, and International Standard Music Number (ISMN)
for all written musical compositions (www.elib.gov.ph).

Talent Agreement

TALENT AGREEMENT

This Talent Agreement was forged between WORLD NETWORK

BROADCASTING COMPANY, a corporations organized and existing under and by virtue
of law, with office address at Pearl St., East Fairview, Quezon City, herein called the
Company, and represented by its President, Rico C. Campos

- AND -

Mark C. Reyes of legal age, with postal address at 21 Camaro St., East Fairview, Quezon
City, and herein called the TALENT.

1. The company desires to procure the services of the Talent as Production Manager for
its television program, The World Today under the Production Department.

2. The Talent has presented that he has the necessary qualifications required by the
Company to meet the needs of the television program.

3. The Talent manifests his will to be engaged by the Company and the Company intends
to hire the services of the Talent Subject to the terms and conditions in this Talent
Agreement.

IT IS AGREED THAT:

1. CONTRACTED SERVICES

The Talent’s services are engaged solely to perform the required services for the television
program on a talent fee basis.
2. EFFECTIVITY

This agreement shall be for a fixed period commencing on 02 January 2010 until 23 April
2010 unless sooner terminated in accordance with the provisions hereof.

3. DUTIES

The Talent is engaged as Production Manager with these duties:

1. The Talent shall perform as are customarily performed by one holding such position in
other same or similar businesses or enterprises as that engaged in by the Company,
and shall also additionally render such other related services and duties as may be
assigned to the Talent by the Company, as the business exigencies require.

2. The Talent undertakes to perform the foregoing duties and responsibilities to the best
of his abilities and to the reasonable satisfaction of the Company. The Company shall
be the sole judge of the Talent’s performance of his duties and responsibilities under
this Agreement.

4. HOURS OF WORK

The Talent shall report to work at 8:00 am and go home late if work calls for it.

5. DISCIPLINE AND UNDERTAKING

The Talent shall observe and comply with all provisions of the Rules and Regulations of the
company, which are applicable to the Talent during the effectivity of this agreement. A copy
of said Rules and Regulations shall be furnished to the Talent upon the execution of
agreement.

In view of the nature of the services required from the Talent, the Talent may engage in any
gainful employment outside of his functions in the Company, provided, he undertakes to
comply with all applicable laws, rules, and regulations on conflict or interest and the
provisions under this agreement.

6. COMPENSATION

For all services rendered by the Talent hereof, the Talent shall receive a gross talent fee of
Ten Thousand Pesos (Php 10,000.00) per episode payable on the 5 th and 20th of each month,
subject to withholding of proper taxes and other deductions provided by law.

7. STATUS

The Talent’s engagement under this Agreement shall subsist until the lapse of the term
provided hereof, unless sooner terminated for causes.
The company engages the Talent on a talent basis during the effectivity of and in accordance
with the terms and conditions of this Agreement. The Company and the Talent acknowledge
and agree that the relationship between them is that of a client and in independent contractor
of services, and nothing herein shall be constructed to constitute the company and the Talent
as employer- employee, principal- agent, partners or participants in a joint or common
undertaking.

8. TERMINATION

Upon the expiration of the term specified herein, this Agreement is deemed automatically
without further notice.

However, the company reserves the right to terminate this Agreement prior to the expirations
of the term provided herein for just authorized causes. Termination may be due, but not
necessarily limited, to any of the following:

1. Gross inefficiency
2. Incompetence
3. Habitual tardiness
4. Insubordination
5. Analogous circumstances provided under the just and authorized causes enumerated in
the Labor Code, and
6. Breach of any of the provisions of this Agreement

It is understood that cessation of the program will automatically terminate the contract.

9. RETURN OF COMPANY PROPERTY

Upon termination of this Agreement for any reason or whenever requested by the Company,
the Talent shall immediately return to the company all the company’s used by the Talent in
the performance of his duties and responsibilities pursuant to this Agreement, or otherwise in
the Talent’s possessions or under the Talent’s control.

10. CONFIDENTIALITY

The Talent shall not, at any time or in any manner either directly or indirectly, or intentionally
or through culpable negligence, divulge, disclose, or communicate to any person, partnership
or corporation, any information concerning the business of the Company, its manner of
operation, plans, system, procedures, assets, or any trademark, patent or copyrighted owned or
acquired by the Company, even after the expiration of this Agreement.

Any breach of the terms of this part shall be a material breach of this Agreement.

11. SERVICES FOR OTHERS

As the Company expects the Talent to devote his efforts full time toward the performance and
completion of services required of the Talent hereof, the Talent agrees that he will not
perform any services for any other person, partnership, or corporation without the Company’s
written prior approval.

12. ALL RIGHTS CUMULATIVE

No right or remedy conferred in this agreement upon the company or reserved to the
Company herein shall be exclusive of any other right or provided or permitted under the law
in equity, but each such right or remedy shall be cumulative of every other right or remedy
available to such party under this Agreement or under law or in equity.

13. NO WAIVER

The failure of the company to insist upon the strict performance of any of the terms and
conditions of this Agreement shall not be construed as a waiver thereof or of any other terms
and conditions of this Agreement, but the same shall continue and remain in full force and
effect, as if no such forbearance or waiver had occurred.

14. ENTIRE AGREEMENT

The Agreement shall constitute the entire Agreement between the parties, and any other
undertaking or representation of any kind preceding the date of this Agreement shall not be
binding upon either party, extent incorporated in this Agreement.

15. APPLICABLE LAW

These parties agree to submit themselves to the jurisdiction of the courts on any action,
dispute, or special proceeding arising out of this Contract.

This contract shall be governed by and construed in all respects according to the laws of the
country.

16. MODIFICATION

No modification of the terms and condition of this Agreement shall be valid, unless the same
in writing and is signed by the authorized representative of the parties.

17. SEPARABILITY CLAUSE

Should a competent court declare any of the provisions of this agreement invalid, illegal, or
unenforceable, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shot not affect the validity,
legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions, which shall continue to be in full force
and effect.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have hereunto set their hands today, 21 December
2019, in Fairview, Quezon City.

WORLD NETWORK
BROADCASTING COMPANY

By:

ONE C. MAHARLIKA LUCKY TAN TY

President Talent

SIGNED IN THE PRESENCE OF

BAYANI L. PURIFICACION GERRY P. VALDEZ

VP for Finance VP for Administration

Learning Enhancement Activity 7

Name Score
Progra Date
m

Part 1. Instructions. Supply the blanks with the needed information. Write
legibly.

_______________1. It refers to the protection of works of artists and authors giving them the
exclusive dominion to publish, distribute, display, perform their works or determine who may
so publish.
_______________2. A name or sign indicated on a certain product which communicates the
place of origin or the town, province, region or country that makes such product.
_______________3. A confidential formula, practice, process, design, pattern, instrument, or
information that is known exclusively to the owner to ensure its economic advantage over its
competitors.
_______________4. Any visible sign capable of distinguishing the product.
_______________5. An incremental invention, petty patent, innovation patent that is new and
industrially applicable but does not follow inventive step.
_______________6. A grant of right to inventor giving him dominion over new ideas to keep
others from making commercial use of these ideas without the inventor’s permission.

Part 2. Create a criteria in a). Choosing a Book for your course ,

b ) in Determining whether your work is patentable or
not patentable.
Chapter 8
COMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE

Learning Outcomes

At the progress of the course, you are expected to:

1. Outline the most appropriate medium that may effectively convey

information.
2. Excel in the utilization of communication infrastructure in various
circumstances
3. Integrate cyber ethics and other forms of proper conduct in the
use of communication infrastructure at all times.

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

Communication Infrastructure is a set of tools, techniques and principles that provides

a foundation for the effective transfer of information among people.

Tools include e-mail, project management software, group ware, fax machines, phones,
videoconferencing system, document management system and word processing software.

Techniques include reporting guidelines and templates, meeting ground rules and
procedures, decision-making process, problem solving approaches, conflict resolution and
negotiation techniques.

Principles include providing an environment for open dialog and following work ethics.

Presentation Through Visuals

When we are designing visuals for presentation, these aspects shall be considered(Ingre,
2008):
Relevance. A visual should reflect or advance context, message, audience, purpose and
product.

Simplification. Simple means not complicated and is easy to understand.

Emphasis. It means focus or intensity or heaviness of the visual done through considering the
color used or size made.

Legibility. All parts of the visual material should be visible. The letters should be visible and
reinforced by careful choice of font size and style.

Legibility and Spacing

A point is the unit of measuring font size. One point is equivalent to 0.014 inch and 72
points equal one inch. For titles and heading, use a larger point size such as 12,14m or 18
point. Text standard font size ranges from 9 to 12 points.

Spacing is the distance between letters in a line of text and between lines of type on a
page.
Leading refers to the space between the lines of text.
Kerning means the space between letters in a word.
Highlighting refers to emphasizing text by using boldface, italics or underlining.
Visual Aids are anything provided by the speaker for the audience to look at during a
presentation, including but not limited to hand outs, charts, discs, posters and slides.
Story Board is a two – column script used to prepare oral presentations in which the left
column is used for the text and the right column for the visual aids that will accompany it.

Purposes of Visual Displays ( May et al., 1995 )

Simple Bar Graph display approximate values

Multiple Bar Graph compares approximate values.
Stacked Bar Graph show how values contribute to total.
Pie Graph represents percentages or portions of the whole unit.
Deviation Graph display values above and below zero.
Line Graph demonstrates or predicts trends.
Pictorial Graph communicates abstract or unfamiliar values.
Phantom View offers an inside view of an object or organism,
Exploded View shows how to assemble an object.
Schematic Viewsymbolizes a system to a specialized.
Organization Chat shows the relationships between parts of an organization.
Flow Chart shows interrelated decision or steps in process.

Graph Communication is an effective means of communication technical ideas and

problem solution. It involves visualization, sketching and modeling.
Technical Graphs is a real and complete language used in the design process for:
 Visualization which means the ability to mentally picture things that do not exists.
Documentation which refers to the copying through blue printing.

Electronic Commerce Infrastructure

Progressive nations recognize the vital role of information and communication
technology (ICT) in the development of the global community: the need to create an
information-friendly environment which supports and ensures the availability, diversity and
affordability of ICT products and services; the primary responsibility of the private sector in
contributing investments and services in telecommunications and information technology t6he
need to develop, with appropriate training programs and institutional policy changes human
resources for the information technology age, labor force skilled in the use of ICT and a
population capable of operating and utilizing electronic appliances and computers; its
obligation to facilitate the transfer and promotion of adaptation technology, to ensure network
security, connectivity and neutrality of technology for global benefit; and the need to marshal,
organize and deploy global information infrastructure, compromising in both
telecommunications network and strategic information services, including their
interconnection to the global information networks, with the necessary and appropriate legal,
financial, diplomatic and technical framework, systems and facilities (Republic Act 8792)

Electronic Commerce involves the buying and selling of products and service
through electronic system such as the internet and other computer networks. It uses the World
Wide Web in conducting electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, internet
marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange, inventory management
system and automated data collection systems.

Electronic commerce involves these elements. (RA 8792);

Addressee refers to a person who is intended by the originator to receive the

electronic data message or electronic document.

Computer refers to any device or apparatus which by electronic, electromechanical or

magnetic impulse, or by other means is capable or receiving, or recording, transmitting,
storing, processing, retrieving, or producing information, data, figures, symbols, or other
modes of written expression according to mathematical and logical rules or of performing any
one or more those functions.

Electronic Data Message refers to information generated, sent received, or stored by

electronic, optical or similar means.

Information and Communication System refers to a system intended for and

capable of generating, sending, receiving, storing or otherwise processing electronic data
messages or electronic documents and includes the computer system or other similar device
by or in which data is recorded or stored and any procedures related to the recording or
storage of electronic data message or electronic document.
 Electronic Signature means any distinctive mark, characteristic and/ or sound in
electronic form, representing the identity of a person and attached to or logically associated
with the electronic data message or electronic documents or any and executed or adopted by
such person with the intention of authenticating or approving an electronic data message or
electronic document.

Electronic Document pertains to information or the representation of information

data, figures, symbols, or other modes of written expression, described or however
represented by which a right is established or an obligation which is received recorded,
transmitted, stored, processed, retrieved or produced electronically.

Electronic Key refers to a secret code which secures and defends sensitive
information that crosses over public channels into a form decipherable only with a matching
electronic key.

Intermediary is a person who in behalf of another person and with respect to a

particular electronic document sends, receiver and/ or stores provides other services in respect
of that electronic document.

Originator refers to a person by whom, or on whose behalf, the electronic documents

purports to have created generated and/ or sent. The term does not include a person acting as
an intermediary with respect to that electronic document.
Service Providers denotes (1) Online service or network access or the operators of
facilities therefore, including entitles offering the transmission, routing or providing of
connection for online communication, digital or otherwise, between or among points specified
by a user, of electronic documents of the user’s choosing; or (2) The necessary technical
means which electronic documents of an originator may be stored and made accessible to a
designated or undesignated third party.

Felonies Related to Communication infrastructure

Hacking ( or Cracking ) refers to unauthorized access into or interference in a

computer system or server or information and communication system; or any access in other
to corrupt, alter, steal, or destroy using a computer or other similar information and
communication devices, without the knowledge or consent of the owner of the computer or
information and communication system including the introduction of computer viruses and
the like, resulting in corruption, destruction, alteration, theft or loss of electronic data
massages or electronic document.

Piracy pertains to unauthorized copying production, dissemination, distribution,

importation, use, removal, alteration, substitution, modification, storage, uploading,
downloading, communication, making available to the public, or broadcasting of protected
material, electronic signature or copyrighted works including legally protected sound
recordings or phonograms or information materials on protected works, through the use of
telecommunication, networks, such as, but not limited to, to the internet, in the manner that in
infringes intellectual property rights. It is also defined as the acts of robbery and depredation
upon the high seas which, if committed on land, would have a amounted to felon. It is also
applied to the illegal reprinting or reproduction of copyrighted matteror to unlawful
plagiarism from it (Black’s Law Dictionary, 6th Edition).

Cyber Crimes may further involve:

Data InterceptionUnauthorized Access

Data ModificationVirus Dissemination
Data TheftNetwork Interference
Aiding and Abetting cyber crimesNetwork Sabotage
Computer relate forgeryComputer related fraud

Electronic Access Devices

Great nations recognize the recent advances in technology and the widespread use of
access devices commercial transactions. Toward this end, everybody shall protect the rights of
parties in business transaction through the honest issuance and use of access devices
(RA 8484).

The Use of Access Devices

Access Device means any card, plate, code, account, number, electronic number,
personal identification number, or other telecommunication service, equipment, or
instrumental identifier, or other means of account access that can be use to obtain money,
goods, services, or any other thing of value or to initiate a transfer of funds (other than a
transfer originated solely by paper instrument).
Counterfeit Access Device means any access device that is counterfeit, fictitious,
altered, or forged or an identifiable component of an access device.
Unauthorized Access Device means any access device that is stolen, lost, expired,
revoked, canceled, suspended, or obtain with intent to defraud.
Altering Equipment is any equipment, mechanism or impressions designed or
primarily used for making or altering or reencoding an access device or a counterfeit access
device.
Trafficking means transferring, or otherwise disposing of, to another, or obtaining
control of, with intent to transfer to dispose.

Wire Tapping

The invention of vogue communication gadgets ushered some of the technology savvy
individuals to intrude into the privacy of person related to communication or spoken word by
tapping any wire or cable using any device such as dictaphone, dictograph or detectaphone or
walkie – talkie or tape recorder, cellular phone or however otherwise described. Note that
these acts are unlawful and are punishable by law (RA4200).
 However, a party may do such wire tapping if he is authorized by a written order of
the court to execute any of the acts declared to be unlawful like cases involving the crimes of
treason, espionage, provoking war and disloyalty in case of ware, privacy, mutiny in the high
seas, rebellion, inciting to rebellion, sedition, conspiracy to commit sedition, inciting to
sedition and kidnapping.

Teleconference Devices

A virtual assembly through the use of technology between several people who are
physically present at various location can be conducted through teleconferencing. This type of
meeting generally reduces risks, travel costs and interaction time. Hence, if we are conducting
this activity, we need to prepare all the materials required during the meeting.
Teleconferencing may be done in any of these three ways:

Audio Conference. This uses telephones as instruments. Through audio conference

the participants communicate through the conference call. The conference call enables three
or more persons who are connected at one time to talk and hear each other. This situation
allows limited number of participants.

Video Conference. This is the most expensive but most exciting innovation in
teleconferencing. It uses televisions as main instrument. The meeting is conducted through
television displays to the participants. The participants can see each other on television
monitors and they can hear and talk to each other. This is a live meeting of distant participants
in various location using television screens.

Computer Conference. It obviously uses computer unit as instruments. It also

involves the conduct of conference activities through the computer terminals. Messages are
conveniently stored in the computer memory and participants will read messages, and
comments on the action of others. Hence participants in various places do not need to be
present collectively at the same time to do interaction.

Learning Enhancement Activity 8

Name Score
Progra Date
m

Part 1. Instructions. Encircle the letter that represents your choice.

1. It is a set of tools, techniques and principles that provides a foundation for the
effective transfer of information among people.
a. Graphics communication c. Documentation
b. Tools d. Infrastructure
e. Communication
2. These include e-mail, project management software, phones, videoconferencing
systems and document management system.
a. Infrastructure c. Techniques
b. Tools d. Principles
e. Wares

3. It means that parts of the visual material are visible and reinforced by careful choice
of font style and size.
a. Legibility c. Relevance
b. Emphasis d. Simplification
e. Visualization

4. It means the space between letters in a word.

a. Spacing c. Border
b. Leading d. Margin
e. Kerning

5. It provides an inside view of an object or organism.

a. Deviation graph c. Visualization
b. Schematic graph d. Stacked bar graph
e. Phantom view

6. It shows how to assemble an object part by part.

a. Pictorial graph c. Flowchart
b. Schematic view d. Perspective view
e. Exploded view

7. This graph displays values above and below zero.

a. Simple bar c. Pie
b. Multiple d. Line
e. Deviation

8. This known as the electronic commerce law.

a. RA 8792 c. RA 8792
b. RA 7722 d. RA 7457
e. RA 8293

9. This graph shows how values contribute total.

a. Multiple c. Pie
b. Simple d. Line
e. Stacked

10. It means the ability to mentally picture this that do not exist.
a. Graphic communication c. Illustration
b. Documentation d. Sketching
e. Visualization
Part 2. Write on the blank provided the information meant in each item.

______11. It refers to an unauthorized access into or interference in a computer system or

server or information and communication systems; or any access in order similar information
and communication devices, without the knowledge and consent of the owner of the
computer.
______12. It refers to an unauthorized copying, reproduction, dissemination, distribution,
importation, use, removal, alteration, substitution, modification, storage, uploading,
downloading, and making available to the public information on protected works in a manner
that infringes intellectual property rights.
______13. This involves the buying and selling of products and services through electronic
systems such as the internet and other computer networks.
______ 14. Any card, plate, code, account number, electronic serial number, personal
identification number or other communication device, equipment or other means of account
access that can be used to obtain money, goods, services, or any other thing of value.
______15. Any means of transferring, or otherwise disposing of, to another, or obtaining
control of, with intent to transfer to dispose.
______16. This meeting is conducted through television displays to the participants in various
locations.
______17. It is an act of secretly overheaing, intercepting, or recording communication or
spoken word by using any wire or cable or any device such as phones or recorders.
______19. An act of affixing upon a document the signature of another person purposely to
deceive transactions.
______20. It pertains to the creation of fictitious, dubious and questionable documents that
resemble the original copies.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A. BOOKS
Bertoline, Gary R. and Wiebe, Eroc N. Technical Graphics Communication, 3 rd Ed. McGraw
– Hill Higher Education, New York 2003

Blinn, Keith W. Legal and Ethical Concepts in Engineering.

Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 1989

Chowdhury, Subir. Desin for Six Sigma. Dearborn Trade Publishing, Chicago 2005

Ingre, David. Engineering Communication: A Practical Guide to Workplace Communications

for Engineers. Nelson, a Division of Thomas Canada Ltd. 2008

Lay et al. Technical Communication. Richard D. Irwin. Inc,.

Chicago 1995

Reynolds, George W. Principles of Ethics in Information Technology. Cengage Learing Asia

Pte Ltd, Singapore 2010

Robert E. Kringer Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. Intellectual Property Rights in an

Age of Electronics and Information 1987

Schwalbe, Kathy. Information Technology Project Management, 4 th Ed. Thomson Course

Technology, Canda 2006

B. JOURNALS, THESES, DISSERTATIONS

Barlis, German B. The Effect of Water Treatment on the Compressive Strength of Concrete
Using Beach Aggregates. Gacetteer Vol. 1 2007 – 208
Gidding, Louie R. Using Modukes in College Teaching. New York, USA ED 280355 1986

Pagulayan, L. A Proposed Text Book in Mathematics Analysis Centro Escolar University,

Manila 1990

Prosser, Michael. Cognitive Analysis of Physics Textbooks in the Tertiary Level. Science
Education Journal Vol. 63 No. 2 February 1997

C. REPUBLIC ACTS

Philippine Republic Act 10055. An Act Providing the Framework and Support, System for
the Ownership, Management, Use and Commercialization of Intellectual Property Generated
from Research and Development Funded by the Government and for Other Purposes

Philippine Republic Act 9239. An Act Regulating Optical Media Reorganizing for this
Purpose The Videogram Regulatory Board, Providing Penalties Therefore, and for Other
Purposes
Philippine Republic Act 9236. An Act Establishing a National Measurement Infrastructure
System (NMIS) for Standards and Measurement, and for Other Purposes

Philippine Republic Act 8792. An Act Providing for the Recognition and Use of Electronic
Commercial and Noncommercial Transaction and Documents, Penalties for Unlawful Use
Thereof, and for Other Purposes.

Philippine Republic Act 8484

Philippine Republic Act 8293. An Act Prescribing the Intellectual Property Code and
Establishing the Intellectual Property Office, Providing for its Powers and Functions, and for
other Purposes

Philippine Republic Act 7718. An Act Amending Certain Sections of Republic Act No. 6957,
Entitled” An Act Authorizing the Financing, Construction, Operation and Maintenance of
Infrastructure Projects by the Private Sector, and for Other Purposes.

Philippine Republic Act 7459. An Act Providing Incentives to Filipino Inventors and
Expanding the Functions of the Technology Application and Promotion Institute,
Appropriating Funds Therefore, and for Other Purposes

Philippine Republic Act 7374. Act Creating the Philippine Postal Corporation, Defining Its
Powers, Functions and Responsibilities, Providing The Regulation of the Industry and for
Other Purposes Connected Therewith

Philippine Republic Act 6957. An Act Authorizing the Financing, Construction Operation and
Maintenance of Infrastructure Projects by the Private Sector and for Other Purposes

Philippine Republic Act 4200. An Act to Prohibit and Penalize Wire Tapping and Other
Related Violations of the Privacy of Communication and for Other Purposes.

D. WEBSITES
http://en.wikipedia.org
www.aneki.com
www.bcps.org
www.dlep.lib.az.us
www.depne.palomer.edu
www.dpwh.gov.ph
www.dti.gov.ph
www.elib.gov.ph
www.justsharethis.com
www.kew-cop.jp
www.library.jcu.edu.au

www.nea.gov.ph
www.tapi.dost.gov.ph

E. SCRIPTURES

Revised Standard Version

New English Version

F. DICTIONARIES AND ENCYLOPEDIAS

Black’s Law Dictionary, 6th Edition

Collier’s Encyclopedia Volume 16
Gifis, Steven H. Law Dictionary. Barron’s Educational
Series, Inc., Sydney, Australia 1984
Scribner Bantam English Dictionary

GLOSSARY

Access Device means any card, plate, code, accountant number, electronic serial number,
personal identification number, or other telecommunications service, equipment, or
instrumental identifier, or other means of account access that can be used to obtain money,
goods, services, or any other thing of value or to initiate a transfer of funds (other than a
transfer originated solely by paper instrument).

Accredited Laboratory refers to a laboratory that has been evaluated and has complied with
the requirements of the International Organization for Standardization.

Bid for infrastructure projects refers to a signed offer or proposal submitted by supplier,
manufacturer, distributor, contractor or consultant in response to the invitation to bid.

Brochure (or pamphlet) is a small unbound book usually with a paper cover containing
information about a topic, subject or product.

Calibration is a set of operation established under specified condition, relationship between

values indicated by a measuring system, or values represented by material measure, and its
corresponding known values of measure.
Catalog pertains to a systematic list, inventory, tabulation or schedule usually alphabetical, or
such items such as names, book titles, articles or stocks or any technical item.

Caution indicates hazardous situation which, if not avoided may result in minor or moderate
injury.

Clarity means readability, legibility or understandability of the information.

Communication Infrastructure is a set of tools, techniques and principles that provides a

foundation for the effective transfer of information among people.

Competitive Bidding refers to a method of procurement which is open to participation by

any interested party.

Completeness refers to the perfectness, fullness, substantiality and sufficiency of the content
and parts of the information.

Compliance refers to the adherence, conformity or subscription to the format, design, content
and standards set by the office which the paper is prepared.

Conciseness means briefness, shortness, brevity or limited in words.

Consulting Services refer to services for infrastructure projects and other types of projects or
activities of the government requiring adequate external technical and professional expertise
that are beyond the capability and/or capacity of the government to undertake.

Copyright refers to the protection of the works of artist and authors giving them the exclusive
dominion to publish their works or to determine who may so publish.

Correctness means no error, fault, mistake or departure from truth.

Courteousness pertains to the expression of civility, affability, urbanity, considerateness,

politeness and respectfulness in various communication forms.

Danger indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided will result in death
or serious injury.

Direct Contracting, otherwise known as Single Source Procurement is a method of

procurement that does not require elaborate bidding documents because the supplier is simply
asked to submit a price quotation or a pro-forma invoice together with the conditions of sale,
which offer may be accepted immediately or after some negotiations.

Document pertains to any writing, recording, computer typed, blue print, x-ray, photography,
or other physical object upon, which an information is set forth by means of letters, numbers
or other symbols.
Electronic Commerce involves the buying and selling of products and services through
electronic system such as the internet and other computer networks.

Goods refers to all items, supplies, materials and general support services, except consulting
services and infrastructure projects, which may be needed in the transaction of public business
or in the pursuit of any government undertaking project or activity.

Graphic Communication is an effective means of communicating technical ideas and

problem solutions through visualizing, sketching and modeling.

Hacking (or cracking) refers to unauthorized access into or interference in a computer

system or server or information and communication system: or any access in order to corrupt,
alter, steal, or destroy using a computer or other similar information and communication
devices, without the knowledge and consent of the owner of the computer or information and
communication system, including the introduction of computer viruses and the like, resulting
in the corruption, destruction, alteration, theft or loss of electronic data messages or electronic
document.

Industrial Design is any composition of lines or colors or any three dimensional form,
whether or not associated with lines or colors. It gives special appearance to and can serve as
pattern for an industrial product or handicraft.

Industrial Metrology (or applied metrology) deals with the application of measurement
science to manufacturing and other process and their use in society, ensuring the sustainability
of measurements instruments, their calibration and quality control of measurements.

Infrastructure Projects refers to the construction improvement rehabilitation, demolition,

repair, restoration, or maintenance of road and bridges, railways, airports, seaports,
communication facilities, civil works components 9r information technology projects,
irrigation, flood control and drainage, water supply, sanitation, sewerage and solid waste
management system shore protection, power and electrification facilities, national buildings,
school buildings, hospital buildings and other related construction projects.

Legal Metrology is concerned with regulatory requirements of measurements and measuring

instruments for the protection of health, public safety environment, enabling taxation,
protection of consumers and fair trade.

Letters refers to a message in writing, which may be in any language or in code, contained in
a sealed or unsealed envelope or not in an envelope at all, of such physical dimensions and
weights allowed by the postal corporation or the government and intended for delivery to a
person or entity displayed legibly on one of its faces.

Limited Source Bidding otherwise known as Selective Bidding, is a method of procurement

that involves direct invitations to bid the Procuring entity form a set of preselected suppliers
or consultants with known experience and proven capability relative to the requirements of a
particular contract.

Magnetic Media is storage medium or device characterized by a base, usually plastic coated
with ferric oxide powder, in which visual and/or aural information, or software code, may be
recorded or stored, including but not limited to magnetic tape, cassettes, videotapes, diskettes,
and floppy discs.

Mastering refers to the act or business producing a stamper made of glass, metal or other
material, intended for the manufacturer optical media.

Measurability refers to the medium of communicating facts quantifiable with accuracy and
precisions.

Measurement refers to a set of operation having the object of determining the value of a
quantity.

Measurement Standards pertains to a measuring instruments or system intended to define,

realize, conserve or reproduce a unit or one or more known values of a quantity in order to
transmit them to the measuring instrument by comparison.

Memorandum (plural – memoranda or memorandums; verb- memo, memoes, memoed,

memoing) refers to written communication sent to inferior or same level offices or employees
with an organization with the intention to remind notify inform or order.

Metrology means the field of science concerned with weights and measurements which
includes all aspects of measurement in whatever level of accuracy and in any field of science
and technology.

Metrology Controls refers to type approval, verification, calibration and other processes and
means of checking the accuracy and reliability of measurement standards and measuring
equipment.

Negotiated Procurement is a method that may be resorted under extraordinary

circumstances, whereby the procuring entity directly negotiates a contract with a technically,
legally and financially capable supplier, contractor or consultant.

Objectivity means telling the truth, facts and unbias information.

Primary Standard is standard which has the highest metrological quality in specified fields

Optical Media means a storage medium or device in which information, including sound
and/or images, or software code, has been stored, either by mastering and/or replication,
which may be accessed and read using a lens scanning mechanisms employing a high
intensity light source such as a laser or any such other means as may be developed in the
future.
Patent is a grant of right to inventor giving hum dominion over new ideas to keep others from
making commercial use of these without the inventor’s permission.

Piracy refers to the unauthorized copying, reproduction, dissemination, distribution,

importation, use, removal, alteration, substitution, modification, storage, uploading,
downloading, communication, making available to the public, or broadcasting of unprotected
material electronic signature or copyrighted works including legally protected sound
recordings or phonographs or information materials on protected works through the use of
telecommunication networks, such as, but not limited to the internet, in a manner that
infringes intellectual property right.

Primer refers to a small introductory book that contains instructions on specific subject.

Procurement refers to the acquisition of goods, consulting services, and the contracting for
infrastructure projects by the procuring entity. It includes the lease of goods and real estate.

Program refers to a group of related projects managed in a coordinated system to obtain and
control not available from managing then individually.

Project denotes a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, services or

result.

Proposal is an offer, plan, action or alternative for consideration, creation, acceptance and
implementation.

Regulated Areas of Application refers to field of endeavors or areas which are critical
citizen as they affect health, safety, welfare, physical conditions, trade and commerce, legal
transactions, environment and other areas as may be determined.

Repeated Order is a method of procurement that involves a direct procurement of goods

from the previous winning bidder whenever there is need to replenish goods procured under a
contract previously awarded competitive bidding

Replication involves the process of manufacturing optical media by reproducing or

generating copies of the stamper in an injection molding machine or other forms of replicating
equipment.

Report is a factual and objective statement of activities programs, conditions and

accomplishments of an individual or organization covering a period of time.

Scientific Metrology (of fundamentals metrology) is concerned with the establishments of

quantity systems, unit systems, unit system, units of measurement, the development of new
measurement methods, realization of measurement standards and the transfer of traceability
from these standard to user in society.

Secondary Standard is one which value is fixed by comparison with primary standard.

Service Mark is any visible sign capable of distinguishing the service.

Shopping refers to a method of procurement whereby the procuring entity simple request for
the submission of price quotations for readily available off- the shelf goods or ordinary/
regular equipment to be procured directly from suppliers of known qualifications.

Technical Communication refers to the conveyance of spoken, printed and online

information related to the various tasks of person in the field of science, engineering and
technology.

Technical Description refers to an instrument that contains attributes that provide identifying
information, use, and, appearance of the subject.

Technology Transfer Arrangements refers to contract or agreement involving the transfer

of systematic knowledge for the manufacture of a product, the application of a process or
rendering of a service including management contractor and the transfer, assignment or
licensing of all forms of intellectual property rights, including the licensing of computer
software except computer software developed for mass market.

Traceability refers to the property of a result of measurement relating to appropriate

standards, generally national or international through an unbroken chain of comparison.

Trademark is any visible sign capable of distinguishing the goods.

Trafficking means transferring, or otherwise disposing of, another, or obtaining of, with intent
to transfer or dispose.

Type Approval on Measuring Equipment is the approved evaluation of conformity based

on one or more specimens of product.
Utility Model refers to an invention that is new and industrial applicable but does not follow
inventive step.
Verification means a confirmation by examinations of evidence that the measuring
equipment fulfills specified requirements.

Warning indicated a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in
death or serious injury.

Wire Tapping in act of secretly overhearing, intercepting or recording communication or

spoken word by tapping any wire or cable by using any device such as Dictaphone, dictagraph
or detectaphone or walkie-talkie or tape recorder, cellular phone or however otherwise
described.
 ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Dr. Ronnie Angelo Bouing serves as a Professorial Lecturer in Higher Education

Institutions. He obtained a degree in Doctor of Education Major in Educational Management,
Master of Arts in Education Major in Educational Management, Bachelor of Secondary
Education Major in English at New Era University, and Bachelor of Arts in English at
Quirino State University, Cabarroguis Campus. He was a grantee of the Commission on
Higher Education and Fund for Assistance to Private Education College Faculty Development
Fund Assistance.

His public service started when he worked as Institutional Development Officer at the
National Irrigation Administration, Province of Quirino. Subsequently, he served as
Administrative Officer in the same Local Government Unit. His exposure in various
community works, local and national government administrative tasks honed him to become a
mentor in several higher education institutions.

Endowed with genuine education, Dr. Bouing now performs as assessor under the
Expanded Tertiary Education Equivalency and Accreditation Program, thesis and dissertation
adviser, editor, evaluator, and research journal referee.

He likewise served in higher education institutions as Dean of School of Education,

Director for Planning and Development, Director for Curriculum and Knowledge
Management, Vice President for Academic Affairs, Vice President for Administration, Senior
Vice President and Education Consultant.

He will never tarry in providing the best education to the citizens of the cosmic village.