Text Information and Media ● Also, serif fonts give a classic or elegant look when

used for title or heading.

Text Examples: Times New Roman, Garamond,
● Text, whether handwritten, printed, or presented Baskerville
on-screen, is a basic and flexible medium for
presenting information or conveying ideas. 2. Sans serif
● Refers to a written composition that communicates a ● brings a clean or minimalist look to the text.
specific message to its reader. ● This font is used for clear and direct meaning of text
● any ''human-readable sequence of characters'' that is such as road signage, building directory or nutrition
capable of forming understandable words. facts in food packages.
● a simple and flexible format of presenting ● Also, sans serif fonts give a modern look and is used
information or conveying ideas whether hand-written, primarily in webpage design.
printed or displayed on-screen Examples: Arial, Helvetica, Tahoma,
Verdana, Calibri
Types of Text
1. HYPERTEXT - A software system which links screen 3. Slab Serif
topics to relevant information and illustrations, which are ● Slab Serif - carries a solid or heavy look to text.
often accessed by a point-and-click interface. Text that is not ● It can be used for large advertising sign on billboards.
restricted to be linear. Examples: Rockwell, Playbill, Blackoak
● serve to link different electronic documents and
enable users to jump from one to other in a nonlinear 4. Script
way ● Slab Serif - carries a solid or heavy look to text.
● It can be used for large advertising sign on billboards.
2. PLAINTEXT or UNFORMATTED TEXT - A text that Examples: Rockwell, Playbill, BlackScript -draws much
has no connection with any formatting information. It is attention to itself because of its brush-like strokes.
simple text ● This must be used sparingly and not to be used in
with just readable letters, white space, and line breaks. large body text.
● fixed sized characters having essentially the same ● This font usually used in wedding invitation cards or
type of appearance other formal events.
Examples: Edwardian, Vladimir, Kunstler
3. FORMATTED TEXT - A tool in word processors that
allows you to customize the 5. Decorative
look of a text, such as its size and color. (bold, underline, ● Display or decorative - caters to a wide variety of
italic) emotions (such as celebration, fear, horror, etc.) or
● fixed sized characters having essentially the same themes (such as cowboys, circus, holidays, summer,
type of appearance kiddie, etc.)
Examples: Chiller, Jokerman, Curlz MT
TYPEFACE
● Also called font, font type, font style Text File Format
● The representation or style of a text in digital media. 1. TXT (text file) - Unformatted text document by an editor as
● Typically consists of alphabets, numerals, notepad on windows platform
punctuation marks, symbols, and other special
characters. 2. DOC (document) - A native format for storing documents
created by MS Word package. Contain a rich set of formatting
Types of Typefaces capabilities.
1. Serif
● a serif is a small line or stroke regularly attached to 3. RTF (Rich Text Format) - Cross platform document
the end of a larger stroke in a letter or symbol within exchange; default formats for Mac OS X's default editor
a particular font or family of fonts. TextEdit
● connotes formality and readability in large
amount of texts. This font is usually used for the 4. PDF (Portable Document Format) - Developed by Adobe
body text of books, newspapers, magazines and systems for cross platform exchange of documents, support
research publications. image and graphics
5. PS (PostScript) - A page description ● Screenshots
language used mainly for desktop publishing ● Infographics
● Data Visualization (charts and graphs)
DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS ● Comic Strips/Cartoons, Memes
● Visual note-taking
1. EMPHASIS
● importance or value given to a part of the text-based FORMALLY AND INFORMALLY- PRODUCED
content VISUAL MEDIA
● make the text bold
● Italicized -visual media produced by formal organizations such as
● have a heavier weight schools, government, and established media/publishing outfits
● darkened or lightened are considered formally
● enlarged produced

2. APPROPRIATENESS -Other visual media are considered informally produced.

● how fitting or suitable the text is used for a specific
audience, purpose or event PURPOSE OF VISUAL INFORMATION
● as for the choice of typefaces to be used, efer to the -the primary purpose of visual information is to gain attention,
discussion of the characteristics of the fonts create meaning, and facilitate retention

3. PROXIMITY VISUAL DESIGN ELEMENTS

● refers to how near or how far are the text elements 1. Line
from each other - describes a shape or outline
● when to things are closely related, they should close - It can create texture and can be thick or thin.
to each other - Lines may be actual, implied, vertical, horizontal, diagonal,
or contour lines
4. ALIGNMENT
● refers to how the text is positioned in the page 2. Shape
● left, right, center or justified - usually a geometric area that stands out from the space next
to or around it, or because of differences in value, color, or
5. ORGANIZATION texture
● refers to a conscious effort to organize the different - Shape may also be organic.
text elements in a page
3. Value
6. REPETITION - the degree of light and dark in a design.
● concerns consistency of elements and the unity of the - it is the contrast between black and white and all the tones in
entire design between values.
- Value can be used with color as well as black and white.
7. CONTRAST - Contrast is the extreme changes between values.
● create visual interest to text elements
● is achieved when two elements are different form 4. Texture
each other - the way a surface feels or is perceived to feel
- Texture can be added to attract or repel interest to a visual
element.
-Visual texture is the illusion of the surfaces peaks and valleys,
VISUAL INFORMATION AND MEDIA resulting in a feeling of smoothness or roughness in objects.
-materials, programs, applications and the like that teachers
and students use to formulate new information to aid learning 5. Color
through the use, analysis, evaluation and production of visual - determined by its hue (name of color), intensity (purity of the
images hue), and value (lightness or darkness of hue)
- Color and color combination can play a large role in the
TYPES OF VISUAL MEDIA design.
● Photography - Color may be used for emphasis, or may elicit emotions from
● Videography viewers.
- Color maybe warm, cool, or neutral. - Like a dance it will have a flow of objects that will seem to
- It plays a major role in our visual perception, as it influences be like the beat of music.
our reactions about the world around us.
- It is therefore important to create color palettes that evoke 8. Perspective - created through the arrangement of objects in
the appropriate audience reactions. two dimensional space to look like they appear in real life
- Perspective is a learned meaning of the relationship between
6. Form different objects seen in space.
- a figure having volume and thickness
- An illusion of a three- dimensional object can be implied
with the use of light and shading.
- Form can be viewed from many angles. Motion Information and Media

VISUAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES Motion is a change in a position of an object over time.

1. Consistency - Consistency of margins, typeface, typestyle, Motion Media is a form of media that has the appearance of
and colors is necessary, especially in slide presentations or moving text and graphics on a display.
documents that are more than one page.
I. Forms of Motion Media
2. Center of Interest - an area that first attracts attention in a
composition. A. FORMAL - Created following industry standards in
- This area is more important when compared to the other creating, editing and producing motion media.
objects or elements in a composition.
- This can be by contrast of values, more colors, and B. INFORMAL - Created often for personal use
placement in the format.
II. Advantages of Motion Media
3. Balance - a feeling of visual equality in shape, form, value,
color, etc. 1. Accessible - Videos can be viewed over computer, DVDs,
- Balance can be symmetrical and evenly balanced, or Online and Live stream.
asymmetrical and unevenly balanced.
- Objects, values, colors, textures, shapes, forms, etc. can be 2. Effective - Learning Videos can affect in shaping personal
used in creating balance in a composition. and social attitudes.

4. Harmony - brings together a composition with similar units 3. Attractive - Videos and interactive presentation can
- If for example your composition was using wavy lines and actively engage to the learners.
organic shapes, you would stay with those types of lines and
not put in just one geometric shape. 4. Audience - Large Numbers of audiences can be taught
simultaneously by one instructor.
5. Contrast - offers some change in value creating a visual
discord in a composition 5. Connection - Appreciation for other nation, state, and
- Contrast shows the difference between shapes and can be people by seeing video illustrating about their culture.
used as a background to bring objects out and forward in a
design. - It can also be used to create an area of emphasis. 6. Establishing Commonality- People with different state
and backgrounds can discuss topics and exchange ideas after
6. Directional Movement - a visual flow through the watching a video.
composition.
- It can be the suggestion of motion in a design as you move 7. Flexible - Rewind, fast forward, and pause videos for
from object to object by way of placement and position. observing and analyzing.
- Directional movement can be created with a value pattern.
- It is with the placement of dark and light areas that you can 8. Motion - Better mastery of procedures, as opposed to
move your attention through the format. images.

7. Rhythm - a movement in which some elements recur 9. Problem Solving - Guiding step by step allows people to
regularly solve problems themselves.
10. Processes - Operations are sequential. it is a great way of C. SHORT FILM- any film not long enough to be considered
demonstrating how-to and processes. a feature film.

III. Limitations of Motion Media 2. Interactive Video- involves the viewer's participation.
1. CUSTOMIZABLE- give users a set of choices to adjust
1. EXPENSIVE -equipment and materials alike computers, certain factors of the video in order to customize the video to
laptops and projectors are quite expensive. at the user's preferences.
2. CONVERSATIONAL- allow the user to interact with the
2. MISINTERPRETATION -in documentaries and video in a turn-based manner, as if having a conversation in
dramatizations, intended messages are quite deep and real life.
complex. Younger viewers who are lack of maturity tend to 3. EXPLANATORY- all the user to move through the space
misinterpret the message. of the video manipulating its angles.

3. PHENOMENA -sometimes unsuitable to other topics such 3. Television- a medium of communication that involves the
as those involving a map, writing diagrams, etc., transmission and reception of moving images and sounds.
a. Commercial Advertisement on TV
4. TECHNICAL PROBLEMS -using different gadgets b. Game Shows
makes the presentation prone to unpredictable technical c. Philippine Drama
problems and difficulties. d. Reality Shows
e. Talk Shows
5. TIME-CONSUMING -preparations of production f. Television News
materials and preparation of the video takes time.
4. Internet and Mobile
IV. Characteristics of Motion Media • Livestream- Allows users to view and broadcast video
content using camera and computer through the internet
• it communicates message to large, heterogeneous, and • Youtube- It is a video-sharing website which allows users to
anonymous audiences. • it communicates the same message to upload, view and share video.
mass audiences simultaneously, sometimes in public, other
times in private. VI. Elements of Motion Media
• it embodies messages that are usually impersonal and A. SPEED- it can be constant or variable
transitory. B. DIRECTION- indicates movement from one direction to
• it is multi-sensory such that the audience's sight and hearing another.
are stimulated in convert. • it is a formal authoritative channel C. MOTION PATH- refers to the route that the object will
of communication. take.
• it is instrumental in behavior and attitude modification - that D. TIMING- it can be objective or subjective
is, attitude formation, change, conservation and canalization
(directing a performed attitude to a new direction. VII. Principles in Creating Movement
• it confers status upon issues, persons, organizations, or social
movements. 1. Speed, Direction, and Timing -should depict natural laws
of physics. This included trajectories, impact on objects and
V. Different Motion Media reactions of the environment.
2. Timing effects -affects recall. fast movements send much
Formats Also called a movie or motion picture. it is a information while slow movement provides emphasis and
sequence of moving images with accompanying audio. lasting recall.
3. Transitions are used to shoot between scenes.
1. Film 4. Sound and color add depth and meaning to movement
A. ANIMATION-images or objects are manipulated to appear 5. Cartooning your graphic and text provides dynamic
as moving images. movement.
6. Blurring can be used in different ways. In animation,
B. DOCUMENTARY FILM- motion picture intended to blurring can provide the illusion of fast movement.
document some aspect of reality, primarily for the purposes of 7. Always review the purpose of the movement
instruction, education, or maintaining a historical record.
1. Story board refers to a concept built on a sequence
of drawings that illustrates the order of the storyline.
 4. Industry (presentation for shareholders, superiors and
2. Storyboarding is the 2nd step in the basic sequence co-workers, employee training, advertising and marketing,
of game design and production. others)
5. Multimedia in public places (stand-alone terminals and
3. Creating a storyboard is also creating a visual map kiosks in hotels, railway stations, malls,
in the story which helps in shaping the vision and museum and grocery stores; digital bulletin boards; others)
flow
III. MULTIMEDIA CONTENT
VIII. Benefits
1. IMAGE
• It is possible for a storyboard to come in either simple or Digital image files appear in many multimedia applications.
complex form. Digital photographs can display application content or can
• It helps in organizing thoughts alternatively form part of a user interface.
• It helps in planning the video more effectively.
• It helps in sending the ideas to other people 2. VIDEO
• It simplifies everything that comes later Digital video appears in many multimedia applications.
Particularly on the web. As with audio, websites can stream
digital video to increase the speed and availability of
playback.
MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION AND MEDIA
3. AUDIO
What is Multimedia? Audio files and streams play a major role in some multimedia
✓ means that computer information can be represented system. Audio files appear
through audio, video, and animation in as part of application content and also to aid interaction.
addition to traditional media.
✓ Dave Marshall defines multimedia as the field concerned 4. TEXT
with the computer-controlled It may be an easy content type to forget when considering
integration of text, graphics, drawings, still and moving multimedia systems, but textcontent is by far the most
images (video), animation, audio, common media type in computing application.
and any other media where every type of information can be
represented, stored, IV. TYPES OF MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION
transmitted and processed digitally. 1. Generation of information - The generation of information
✓ while traditional or analog media still co-exist with refers to the process of creating and producing multimedia
computer-controlled media, savage and vogel (2009) assert content for distribution or consumption.
that the contemporary definition of multimedia is mostly in the ● Orchestrated multimedia
digital form. Moreover, both trending and emerging forms of ● Live multimedia
multimedia are describing as ubiquitous, interactive, massive,
and immersive. 2. Time Domain of Information - The time domain of
information refers to how multimedia content is represented
I. CHARACTERISTICS OF A MULTIMEDIA and processed in time.
1. Multimedia must be computer controlled ● Discrete Media or Time Independent
2. Multimedia is integrated. ● Continuous Media or Time Dependent
3. The information they handle must be represented digitally.
4. The interface of the final presentation of media is usually V. FORMAT OF MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION
interactive. 1. Image Format - Image Format specifies how data
associated with an image will be stored. Data can be saved in
II. USES OF MULTIMEDIA either compressed, uncompressed, or vector format.
1. Engineering, mathematics and scientific research 2. Audio Format
(modelling, simulation, others) 3. Video Format
2. Education computer-based training courses, edutainment
(blend of education and entertainment, others) VI. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF
3. Entertainment and fine arts (movies and animation, MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION
interactive multimedia, others) A. Advantages of Multimedia Information
1. Creativity Variety
2. Cost-Effective
3. Trendy
4. Realistic Approach 4. Redundancy Principle - humans learn best with narration
5. Wide Variety of Support and graphics, as opposed to narration, graphics, and text. The
6. Evaluation theory here is that if you already have narration and graphics,
then the text on top is just redundant information. And this can
B. Disadvantages of Multimedia Information be overwhelming for a learner.
1. Accessibility
2. Distracting 5. Coherence Principle - humans learn best when extraneous,
3. Costly distracting material is not included. Use only the information
4. Fragile that the learner needs. And most often, that means simple text
5. Requires Mastery and simple visuals that relate directly to the learning topic.
6. Limited Support/Compatibility
7. Time-Consuming 6. Personalization Principle - humans learn best from a more
informal, conversational voice than an overly formal voice.
VII. SELECTION CRITERIA Having a more casual voice actually improves the learning
A. SELECTING experience.
• Experience in writing video and animation scripts that meet
instructional design 7. Practice Principle - People learn more deeply from a
requirements, learning pedagogy and adult learning principles multimedia message when they know the names and
• Experience in coordinating video production, particularly for characteristics of the main concepts. Recommends that
educational purposes instructors define key terms or concepts before diving into
• Experience in developing and designing animations, descriptions of processes.
particularly for educational
purposes IX. ELEMENTS
1. TEXT
B. Experience in using the following software: - Text is the basis for word processing programs and is
• Adobe Media encoder still the fundamental information used in many
• Microsoft office: Word, Excel multimedia programs
• Adobe Audition
• Adobe Photoshop 2. AUDIO SOUND
• Rapid animation development software such as go animate - The integration of audio sound into a multimedia
• Understanding of the vocational education and training application can provide the user with information not
sector, including training possible through any other method of communication
packages and competency standards.
3. ANIMATION
VIII. PRINCIPLE OF MULTIMEDIA DESIGN - Refers to moving graphics images
1. Multimedia Principle - humans learn best from words and
pictures than just words alone. 4. FULL-MOTION MEDIA
- Full-motion video, such as the images portrayed in a
2a. Spatial Contiguity Principle - is about the actual space in television, can add even more to a
between your text and visuals on the screen, stating that multimedia application
humans learn best when relevant text and visuals are
physically close together. 5. STATIC GRAPHICS IMAGE
- When you imagine graphics images you probably
2b. Temporal Contiguity Principle - humans learn best when think of ‘still’ Images-that is, images such as those in
corresponding words and visuals are presented together, a photograph or drawing.
instead of in consecutive order.

3. Modality Principle - humans learn best from visuals

and spoken words than from visuals and printed words. This
doesn’t mean that you should never use text on screen, it
simply means that if there are visuals and too much text,
learners will be overwhelmed.