Test Bank for Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology 10

Edition By Constance Visovsky, Cheryl Zambroski, Shir

Hosler Chapter 1-20 Complete Guide A+

TEST BANK

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Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition 2

Chapter 01: Pharmacology and the Nursing Process in LPN Practice

Visovsky:Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The LPN is collecting data for the initial assessment of a patient upon admission to a
Long-term care facility before giving the patient’s prescribed drugs. Which action should the LPN
consider to be the highest priority?

a. Obtain any special equipment that will be needed to give the patient’s drug.

b. Monitor the patient for a response to the drug given.

c. Collect data about the patient and the patient’s health condition.

d. Review the nursing care plan to verify that it is accurate.

ANS: C
Collecting and documenting data about the patient and the patient’s health condition is a critical
step before any drugs are given. Information regarding the present illness, any signs and
symptoms, review of medical records, drug history, and vital signs are needed before drugs are
given. Deciding on special equipment that will be needed to give the patient’s drug is part of the
planning phase of the nursing process. Monitoring the patient for his response to given drug is
part of the evaluation stage of the nursing process. Reviewing the nursing care plan to verify that
it is being followed accurately is part of the implementation stage of the nursing process.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: p. 2

2. The LPN is working with a patient in the planning stage of the nursing process related to
the patient’s prescribed drugs. Which action should the LPN take during this stage?

a. Develop a nursing goal to plan the procedures needed to give drug.

b. Develop a teaching plan for the patient regarding the drug’s actions.
 Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition 3

c. Determine that the patient is experiencing the expected response to his drug.

d. Determine how much the patient understands about his drug.

ANS: D

Determining how much the patient understands about his drug is part of the diagnosis phase of
the nursing process. Developing a nursing goal to plan the procedures needed to give drug and
developing a teaching plan for the patient regarding the drug’s actions are part of the planning
phase of the nursing process.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: p. 2

3. You are teaching a patient with depression about the potential adverse effects of a
prescribed drug. What part of the nursing process related to drug therapy are you engaging in at
this point of the teaching plan?

a. Assessment

b. Implementation

c. Evaluation

d. Diagnosis
ANS: C
In the evaluation phase of the nursing process, the LPN understands and teaches to the patient
the drug’s therapeutic effects, expected side effects, and potential adverse effects.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 2

4. Which of the following is an example of subjective data?

a. The patient states she has pain in her left arm.

b. The medical chart has a recorded blood pressure of 128/88.

c. The serum potassium level is 3.8 mmol/L.

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Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition 4

d. The patient’s ECG shows normal sinus rhythm.

 Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition 5

ANS: A
Reports from the patient or patient’s caregiver are considered subjective data. Symptoms such as
pain, nausea, or dizziness are examples of symptoms that cannot be “seen” and are data collected
from the patient, caregiver, or others. Laboratory values, ECG results, or vital sign data from a
medical chart are examples of objective data.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 2

5. Which statement provides an example of objective data?

a. The wife states the patient was confused last night.

b. Grimacing with movement is present during the examination.

c. The patient reports moderate alcohol consumption.

d. The patient states pain is severe.

ANS: B
Measurable data obtained during a physical exam such as grimacing with movement is an
example of objective data. Subjective data includes information presented by the patient or
Family that cannot be substantiated such as a wife’s report of a patient’s confusion, patient report
of degree of alcohol consumption, and a patient’s pain rating.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 3

6. The LPN/VN is assessing a patient before giving a drug for blood pressure management.
The nurse notes the blood pressure to be 90/50 mm Hg. What is the nurse’s best action?

a. Hold the drug and report the blood pressure to the RN.

b. Give the patient a full glass of water before giving the drug.

c. Come back in 30 minutes and recheck the blood pressure.

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Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition 6

d. Have the patient perform pursed lip breathing before giving the drug.
ANS: A
The best action is to hold the drug and contact the RN. The patient may need an adjustment to
the dose of the blood pressure drug or switching to another drug. Giving water with the drug is
not contraindicated but does not recognize the patient’s risk for hypotension. Pursed lip breathing
has no role in this situation.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 4

7. The LPN is collecting objective data for inclusion in the nursing assessment. Which piece
of information indicates that the LPN has a clear understanding of objective assessment data?

a. A patient’s rating of chest pain as 8 on a 1 to 10 scale.

b. Family members report that patient has been experiencing pain for 1 month.

c. Detailed history of the patient’s current illness upon admission.

d. Compilation of past laboratory results and x-ray reports.

ANS: D
The patient’s past laboratory and x-ray results are examples of objective data. A pain rating of
8/10, a family member’s description of the patient’s pain, and history of current illness are
examples of subjective data.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 3

8. A patient recently began a taking blood pressure drug and presents for a follow-up
appointment. The office nurse reviews the patient’s daily blood pressure recordings. Which stage
of the nursing process corresponds to this review?

a. Assessment
 Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition 7

b. Planning

c. Diagnosis

d. Evaluation
ANS: D
The evaluation phase involves examining the results that occur when the plan is implemented.
Reviewing the patient’s daily blood pressure recording examines the patient’s response to the
drug. The assessment phase provides initial information about the patient, the problem, and
anything that may change the choice of treatment. The planning phase involves using patient
assessment data and diagnoses to set goals and write care plans. The diagnosis phase involves
decision-making about the patient’s problems, including medical diagnoses made by the
healthcare provider and nursing diagnoses developed through the North American Nursing
Diagnosis Association (NANDA).

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 2

9. After receiving report, the LPN gives drugs to her assigned patients on the evening shift.
With which stage of the nursing process does this activity correspond?

a. Implementation

b. Assessment

c. Planning

d. Diagnosis
ANS: A
The implementation phase involves actively following the plan of care and accurately giving
ordered drug to the patients. The assessment phase involves obtaining initial information about
the patient, the problem, and anything that may change the choice of treatment. The planning
phase involves using patient assessment data and diagnoses to set goals and write care plans. The
diagnosis phase involves decision-making about the patient’s problems, including medical
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Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition 8
diagnoses made by the healthcare provider and nursing diagnoses developed through the North
 Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition 9

American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA).

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 5

10. You are reviewing a patient’s new antihypertensive drug order. The order as written is
unclear as to the number of times per day the drug is to be given. What is your best action?

a. Call the healthcare provider to clarify the order.

b. Refer the question to the hospital pharmacy.

c. Give the drug according to the information in a drug handbook.

d. Hold the drug until the healthcare provider returns the following day.
ANS: A
Your responsibility as a nurse giving drugs is to apply knowledge about the specific drug and
drug orders. No part of the drug order should be unclear. Any questions related to the drug, dose
or appropriateness for the specific patient should be answered before the drug is given.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 4

11. A patient is receiving an antibiotic for pneumonia. On the third day of the treatment
regimen, a rash appears on her chest, and she reports itching and shortness of breath. Which term
describes the effect that has occurred?

a. Therapeutic effect

b. Adverse effect

c. Side effect

d. Overdose effect
ANS: B
An itchy rash with shortness of breath that develops in response to drug is an example of an
allergic reaction or adverse effect to the antibiotic. Therapeutic effects occur when an antibiotic
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Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition 10
fights infection without causing any adverse effects. Side effects of drugs are known potential
 Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition 11

effects of the antibiotic that range from mild to moderate. An overdose occurs if a patient
receives too much of a drug.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 9

12. An LPN enters a patient’s room to give a scheduled drug. Before administration, the
patient states, “I can’t take that drug; I’m allergic to it.” What should the nurse do first?

a. Reassure the patient that the drug is needed and observations regarding possible allergic
symptoms will be made.

b. Review the patient record and encourage the patient to take the drug if no allergies have
been documented.

c. Assess the patient’s allergic history and notify the healthcare provider to determine a
course of action.

d. Document patient refusal and leave a note on the patient chart for the healthcare provider.
ANS: C
The patient has shared information that indicates the potential for the ordered drug to cause
adverse effects. Before giving the drug, the nurse should investigate further by obtaining a more
detailed drug history and notifying the healthcare provider who wrote the order. Although the
order may be accurately written, determining whether the drug’s benefits outweigh the risks is
not an action within the legal scope of the nurse’s practice. The nurse should not offer false
reassurance and as an advocate for patient safety, should investigate further before giving the
drug. The patient has raised concerns regarding the drug that should promptly be brought to the
provider’s attention. A note on the chart leaves potential for information to be missed.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: p. 4

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Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition 12

13. The LPN is preparing to give the initial dose of an antibiotic to a patient diagnosed with
an infection. The patient says, “I broke out in a rash the last time I took that pill.” What action
should the LPN take next?

a. Give the drug and check the patient in 30 minutes for a rash.

b. Document that the patient refused the drug per agency policy.

c. Leave the drug at the bedside while checking the chart for the patient’s allergies.

d. Notify the registered nurse or healthcare provider.

ANS: D
This is a possible adverse reaction, and the RN or healthcare provider should be notified
immediately. You would never give the drug to see if it does cause a rash. Drug should never be
left at the bedside. The patient did not refuse the drug.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: p. 9

14. Which priority assessment must you make before giving any patient a drug by mouth?

a. Quiz the patient about the action of each drug.

b. Make sure the patient can swallow.

c. Find out whether the patient prefers cold or room temperature liquids.

d. Ask the patient to repeat his or her name and birthdate.

ANS: B
Before the patient can take any drug by mouth, they must be able to swallow. Asking the patient
to repeat his name and birthdate may be part of using two identifiers but this is important with all
patients. Preferences are also important, but the priority is that the patient be able to swallow the
drug.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 8

 Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition 13

MULTIPLE RESPONSE

1. You are preparing to give the morning drugs to your assigned patients. Before giving
each drug, which steps are considered to be “rights” of giving a drug? (Select all that apply.)

a. The right plan

b. The right time

c. The right dose

d. The right patient

e. The right to self-administer

f. The right drug

ANS: B, C, D, F
The nine rights associated with giving drugs are as follows: right patient, right drug, right time,
right dose, right route, right documentation, right reason, right response, and right to refuse.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 5

2. A licensed practical/vocational nurse has a specific set of roles and responsibilities.

Which responsibilities are within the scope of an LPN/LVN? (Select all that apply.)

a. Writing medical orders

b. Assessment of admission vitals to report to the admitting RN

c. Conducting a comprehensive admission assessment

d. Independent initiation of comprehensive plan of care

e. Management of patient care under RN supervision

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Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Edition 10

ANS: B, E