Engineering

Design and
Graphics with
SolidWorks 2023
®

James D. Bethune
Nathan Brown
Engineering Design and Graphics with SolidWorks® 2023

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Preface
This book shows and explains how to use SolidWorks® 2023 to create engi-
neering designs and drawings. Emphasis is placed on creating engineering
drawings including dimensions and tolerances and using standard parts
and tools. Each chapter contains step-by-step sample problems that show
how to apply the concepts presented in the chapter.
The book contains hundreds of projects of various degrees of difficulty
specifically designed to reinforce the chapter’s content. The idea is that stu-
dents learn best by doing. In response to reviewers’ requests, some more
difficult projects have been included.
Chapters 1 and 2 show how to set up a part document and how to use
the SolidWorks Sketch tools. Sketch tools are used to create 2D part enti-
ties that can then be extruded into 3D solid models. The chapters contain
an explanation of how SolidWorks’ colors are used and of how shapes can
be fully defined. The usage of mouse gestures, S key, and origins is also
included. The two chapters include 44 exercise problems (18 in Ch1 and 26
in Ch2) using both inches and millimeters so that students can practice
applying the various Sketch tools.
Chapter 3 shows how to use the Features tools. Features tools are
used to create and modify 3D solid models. In addition, reference planes
are covered, and examples of how to edit existing models are given.
Chapter 4 explains how to create and interpret orthographic views.
Views are created using third-angle projection in compliance with ANSI
standards and conventions. The differences between first-angle and third-
angle projections are demonstrated. Seven exercise problems (P4-142 to
P4-149) are included to help students learn to work with the two different
standards. Also included are section views, auxiliary views, and broken
views. Several of the projects require that a 3D solid model be drawn from a
given set of orthographic views to help students develop visualization skills.
Chapter 5 explains how to create assembly drawings using the
Assembly tools (Mate, Exploded View) and how to document assemblies
using the Drawing Documents tools. Topics include assembled 3D solid
models, exploded isometric drawings, and bills of materials (BOMs).
Assembly numbers and part numbers are discussed. Both the Animate
Collapse/Explode and Motion Study tools are demonstrated. In addition,
the title, release, and revision blocks are discussed. An explanation of how
to use Interference Detection is given.
Chapter 6 shows how to create and design with threads and fasteners.
Both ANSI inch and ANSI metric threads are covered. The Design Library
is presented, and examples are used to show how to select and size screws
and other fasteners for assembled parts.
Chapter 7 covers dimensioning and is in compliance with ANSI stand-
ards and conventions. There are extensive visual examples of dimensioned
shapes and features that serve as references for various dimensioning
applications.

 v
 Chapter 8 covers tolerances. Both linear and geometric tolerances are
included. This is often a difficult topic to understand, so there are many
examples of how to apply and how to interpret the various types of
tolerances. Standard tolerances as presented in the title block are
demonstrated.
Chapter 9 explains bearings and fit tolerances. The Design Library is
used to create bearing drawings, and examples show how to select the
correct interference tolerance between bearings and housing, and clearance
tolerances between bearings and shafts.
Chapter 10 presents gears. Gear terminology, gear formulas, gear
ratios, and gear creation using the SolidWorks Toolbox are covered. The
chapter relies heavily on the Design Library. Keys, keyways, and set screws
are discussed. Both English and metric units are covered. There is an exten-
sive sample problem that shows how to draw a support plate for mating
gears and how to create an assembly drawing for gear trains. The projects at
the end of the chapter include two large gear assembly exercises.
Chapter 11 will help students prepare for the CSWA certification exam.
There are many sample questions and examples. Students should time how
long it takes them to do each problem. This will help them get used to
working under time pressure.
The Appendix includes fit tables for use with projects in the text.
Clearance, locational, and interference fits are included for both inch and
millimeter values.

Download Instructor Resources from the

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Acknowledgments
I would like to acknowledge the reviewers of this text: Peggy Condon-Vance,
Penn State Berks; Lisa Richter, Macomb Community College; Julie
Korfhage, Clackamas Community College; Max P. Gassman, Iowa State
University; Paul E. Lienard, Northeastern University; and Hossein Hemati,
Mira Costa College.
Thanks to my family—David, Maria, Randy, Sandra, Hannah, Will,
Madison, Jack, Luke, Sam, and Ben.
A special thanks to Cheryl.
James D. Bethune
I would like to acknowledge the editors of this edition: Anshul Sharma,
Patrice Rutledge, and Tonya Simpson. Thanks to my family: Amanda, Jovie,
and Iris. And thanks to my mentor: Gina Bertocci.
Nathan Brown

vi Preface
Contents
Preface v
CHAPTER 1 Getting Started 1 Adding a Tool to a Mouse Gestures Wheel 46
S Key 47
Chapter Objectives 1
Activating the S Key 48
1-1 Introduction 1 Customizing the S Key Shortcut Toolbar 49
1-2 Starting a New Document 2 Removing a Tool from the S Key Toolbar 51
Starting a New Part Document 2 2-3 Origins 51
Selecting a Sketch Plane 3 Showing the Origin 51
1-3 SolidWorks Colors 8 2-4 Circle 52
1-4 Creating a Fully Defined Circle 8 Sketching a Circle 52
Changing an Existing Dimension 10 Sketching a Perimeter Circle Using Three Points 54
Fully Defined Entities 11 Sketching a Perimeter Circle Tangent to
1-5 Units 14 Three Lines 55
Changing Units 15 2-5 Rectangle 56
1-6 Rectangle 15 Sketching a Center Rectangle 56
Sketching a Rectangle 15 Sketching a 3 Point Corner Rectangle 57
Exiting the Sketch Mode 17 Sketching a 3 Point Center Rectangle 58
Reentering the Sketch Mode 17 Sketching a Parallelogram 59

1-7 Moving Around the Drawing Screen 18 2-6 Slots 61

Zooming the Rectangle 19 Sketching a Straight Slot 62
Moving the Rectangle 19 Sketching a Centerpoint Straight Slot 63
Reorientating the Rectangle 19 Sketching a 3 Point Arc Slot 64
Sketching a Centerpoint Arc Slot 65
1-8 Orientation 19
Returning to the Top View Orientation—View Selector 19 2-7 Perimeter Circle 66
Returning to the Top View Orientation—Top View 20 Sketching a Perimeter Circle 66
Returning to the Top View Orientation—Orientation Triad 20 2-8 Arcs 67
1-9 Sample Problem SP1-1 20 Sketching a Centerpoint Arc 67
Fixing a Line in Place 23 Sketching a Tangent Arc 68
Sketch Relations 24 Sketching a 3 Point Arc 69

1-10 Creating 3D Models 25 2-9 Polygons 70

Creating a 3D Model 25 Sketching a Hexagon 70

1-11 Saving Documents 27 2-10 Spline 72

Saving a Document 27 Sketching a Spline 72
Editing a Spline 73
1-12 Sample Problem SP1-2 28
2-11 Ellipse 73
1-13 Holes 32 Sketching an Ellipse 74
Creating a Hole 32 Sketching a Partial Ellipse 75
Chapter Project 37 Sketching a Parabola 76
Conic Section 77
CHAPTER 2 Sketch Entities and Tools 43 Sketching a Conic 79
Chapter Objectives 43
2-12 Fillets and Chamfers 80
2-1 Introduction 43 Sketching a Fillet 81
2-2 Mouse Gestures and the S Key 44 Sketching a Chamfer 82
Mouse Gestures 44 Sketching a Chamfer Using Distance-Distance—Equal
Using Mouse Gestures 44 Distance 82
Accessing Mouse Gestures Settings 45 Sketching a Chamfer Using Angle-Distance 83

 vii
 Sketching a Chamfer Using Distance-Distance— Creating Inward Draft Sides 132
Not Equal Distance 84 Creating an Outward Draft 133
2-13 Sketch Text 84 3-3 Sample Problem SP3-1 134
Adding Text 85 3-4 Extruded Cut 137
Changing the Font and Size of Text 85
Adding Text to a Feature 86 3-5 Hole Wizard 138
Creating Text that Wraps Around Two Features 87 3-6 Creating a Hole with the Circle and
2-14 Point 87 Extruded Cut Tools 141

2-15 Trim Entities 88 3-7 Blind Holes 143

Trimming Entities 88 Creating a Blind Hole—Inches 143
Creating a Blind Hole—Metric 145
2-16 Extend Entities 89
Extending Entities in a Sketch 89 3-8 Fillet 146
Creating a Fillet with a Variable Radius 148
2-17 Offset Entities 90
Creating a Fillet Using the Face Fillet Option 150
Sketching an Offset Line 91
Creating a Fillet Using the Full Round Fillet Option 151
2-18 Mirror Entities 92
3-9 Chamfer 153
Creating a Mirror Entity 92
Defining a Chamfer Using an Angle and a Distance 153
2-19 Linear Sketch Pattern 95 Defining a Chamfer Using Two Distances 154
Creating a Linear Sketch Pattern 97 Defining a Vertex Chamfer 155
2-20 Circular Sketch Pattern 97 3-10 Revolved Boss/Base 156
Creating a Circular Sketch Pattern 98
3-11 Revolved Cut 159
2-21 Move Entities 99
3-12 Reference Planes 160
Moving an Entity 100
Creating a Reference Plane 161
2-22 Copy Entities 100
3-13 Lofted Boss/Base 165
Copying an Entity 102
3-14 Shell 168
2-23 Rotate Entities 102
Rotating an Entity 103 3-15 Swept Boss/Base 170
2-24 Scale Entities 103 3-16 Draft 172
Scaling an Entity 103 3-17 Linear Sketch Pattern 174
2-25 Stretch Entities 104 3-18 Circular Sketch Pattern 176
Stretching an Entity 105
3-19 Mirror 177
2-26 Split Entities 106
3-20 Helix Curves and Springs 179
Splitting an Entity 106
Drawing a Helix 179
2-27 Jog Lines 109 Drawing a Spring From the Given Helix 180
Using the Jog Line Tool 110
3-21 Compression Springs 181
2-28 Centerline 110 Creating Ground Ends 183
Using the Centerline Tool 111
3-22 Torsional Springs 184
2-29 Sample Problem SP2-1 111 Drawing a Torsional Spring 184
2-30 Sample Problem SP2-2 114
3-23 Extension Springs 187
2-31 Sample Problem SP2-3 116 Drawing an Extension Spring 188
Chapter Projects 119
3-24 Wrap 191
Creating Debossed Text 191
CHAPTER 3 Features 129
3-25 Editing Features 195
Chapter Objectives 129 Editing the Hole 195
3-1 Introduction 129 Editing the Cutout 196
3-2 Extruded Boss/Base 129 3-26 Sample Problem SP3-2 197
Using the Extruded Boss/Base Tool 130 Drawing a Cylinder 198

viii Contents
 Creating a Slanted Surface on the Cylinder 200 5-6 Mate 311
Adding the Vertical Slot 201 Creating the First Assembly Using Mates 311
Adding the Ø8 Hole 203 Creating a Second Assembly 313
3-27 Sample Problem SP3-3 205 Creating a Third Assembly 315

3-28 Curve Driven Patterns 208 5-7 Bottom-up Assemblies 316

Using the Curve Driven Pattern Tool—Example 1 208 5-8 Creating an Exploded Isometric Assembly 321
Using the Curve Driven Pattern Tool—Example 2 211 5-9 Creating an Exploded Isometric Drawing 324
Chapter Projects 214
5-10 Assembly Numbers 326

CHAPTER 4 Orthographic Views 229 5-11 Bill of Materials (BOM or Parts List) 328
Editing the BOM 330
Chapter Objectives 229
Adding Columns to the BOM 332
4-1 Introduction 229 Changing the Width of a Column 333
4-2 Third- and First-Angle Projections 231 Changing the Width of Rows and Columns 334
Changing the BOM’s Font 334
4-3 Fundamentals of Orthographic Views 232
Normal Surfaces 233 5-12 Title Blocks 335
Hidden Lines 234 Revision Letters 336
Precedence of Lines 235 Editing a Title Block 336
Slanted Surfaces 236 Release Blocks 338
Compound Lines 237 Tolerance Blocks 339
Oblique Surfaces 238 Application Blocks 339
Rounded Surfaces 238 5-13 Animate Collapse 339
4-4 Drawing Orthographic Views 240 5-14 Sample Problem SP5-1 341
Moving Orthographic Views 249
5-15 Using the Motion Study Tool 344
Creating Other Views 249
Viewing the Assembly Motion 346
4-5 Section Views 250
5-16 Editing a Part Within an Assembly 347
4-6 Drawing a Section View 252
5-17 Interference Detection/Clearance
Changing the Style of a Section View 257
Verification 349
4-7 Aligned Section Views 258 Interference Detection 349
4-8 Broken Views 259 Detecting an Interference 350
Creating a Broken View 260 Verifying the Clearance 353
Removing the Interference 353
4-9 Detail Views 261
Verifying that a Clearance Exists 355
Drawing a Detail View 261
Chapter Projects 357
4-10 Auxiliary Views 262
Drawing an Auxiliary View 263 CHAPTER 6 Threads and Fasteners 381
4-11 First-Angle Projection 266 Chapter Objectives 381
Creating Three Orthographic Views Using
6-1 Introduction 381
First-Angle Projection 266
Chapter Projects 269 6-2 Thread Terminology 381
Pitch 382
CHAPTER 5 Assemblies 305 6-3 Thread Callouts—ANSI Metric Units 382
Chapter Objectives 305 6-4 Thread Callouts—ANSI Unified
Screw Threads 383
5-1 Introduction 305
6-5 Thread Representations 384
5-2 Starting an Assembly 305
6-6 Internal Threads—Inches 384
5-3 Move Component 308
6-7 Threaded Blind Holes—Inches 387
5-4 Rotate Component 309
6-8 Internal Threads—Metric 388
5-5 Mouse Gestures for Assemblies 310

Contents ix
 6-9 Accessing the Design Library 390 7-13 Rounded Shapes—Internal 493
6-10 Thread Pitch 392 7-14 Rounded Shapes—External 494
6-11 Determining an External Thread 7-15 Irregular Surfaces 495
Length—Inches 392 7-16 Polar Dimensions 496
6-12 Smart Fasteners 398 7-17 Chamfers 497
6-13 Determining an Internal Thread Length 401 7-18 Symbols and Abbreviations 498
6-14 Set Screws 404 7-19 Symmetrical and Centerline Symbols 499
6-15 Drawing a Threaded Hole in the Side 7-20 Dimensioning to a Point 500
of a Cylinder 405
7-21 Dimensioning Section Views 501
6-16 Adding Set Screws to the Collar 409
7-22 Dimensioning Orthographic Views 501
Chapter Projects 411
Dimensions Using Centerlines 502
Chapter Projects 503
CHAPTER 7 Dimensioning 447
Chapter Objectives 447 CHAPTER 8 Tolerancing 519
7-1 Introduction 447 Chapter Objectives 519
7-2 Terminology and Conventions—ANSI 448 8-1 Introduction 519
Common Terms 448
8-2 Direct Tolerance Methods 519
Dimensioning Conventions 449
Common Errors to Avoid 449 8-3 Tolerance Expressions 521
7-3 Adding Dimensions to a Drawing 450 8-4 Understanding Plus and Minus Tolerances 522
Controlling Dimensions 454 8-5 Creating Plus and Minus Tolerances 522
Dimensioning Short Distances 455 Adding Plus and Minus Symmetric Tolerances Using
Autodimension Tool 457 the Dimension Text Box 524
Creating Baseline Dimensions 459
8-6 Creating Limit Tolerances 525
Creating Ordinate Dimensions 460
8-7 Creating Angular Tolerances 526
7-4 Drawing Scale 460
8-8 Standard Tolerances 528
7-5 Units 461
Aligned Dimensions 462 8-9 Double-Dimensioning Errors 528
Hole Dimensions 462 8-10 Chain Dimensions and Baseline
7-6 Dimensioning Holes and Fillets 466 Dimensions 530
Dimensioning a Blind Hole 466 Baseline Dimensions 531
Dimensioning Hole Patterns 468 8-11 Tolerance Studies 532
7-7 Dimensioning Counterbored and Calculating the Maximum Length of A 532
Countersunk Holes 469 Calculating the Minimum Length of A 533
Counterbored Hole with Threads 473 8-12 Rectangular Dimensions 533
Dimensioning Countersink Holes 479
8-13 Hole Locations 533
Dimensioning the Block 480
8-14 Choosing a Shaft for a Toleranced Hole 535
7-8 Angular Dimensions 480
For Linear Dimensions and Tolerances 536
Dimensioning an Evenly Spaced Hole Pattern 484
8-15 Sample Problem SP8-1 537
7-9 Ordinate Dimensions 485
Creating Ordinate Dimensions 486 8-16 Sample Problem SP8-2 538

7-10 Baseline Dimensions 488 8-17 Nominal Sizes 538

Creating Baseline Dimensions 488 8-18 Standard Fits (Metric Values) 539
Hole Tables 490 Clearance Fits 539
7-11 Locating Dimensions 492 Transitional Fits 539
Interference Fits 540
7-12 Fillets and Rounds 493

x Contents
8-19 Standard Fits (Inch Values) 540 CHAPTER 9 Bearings and Fit
Adding a Fit Callout to a Drawing 540 Tolerances 619
Reading Fit Tables 542
Chapter Objectives 619
8-20 Preferred and Standard Sizes 543
9-1 Introduction 619
8-21 Surface Finishes 544
9-2 Sleeve Bearings 620
8-22 Surface Control Symbols 545 Drawing a Sleeve Bearing 620
8-23 Applying Surface Control Symbols 547 Using a Sleeve Bearing in an Assembly Drawing 621
Adding a Lay Symbol to a Drawing 548 9-3 Bearings from the Toolbox 623
8-24 Design Problems 549 9-4 Ball Bearings 626
Floating Condition 550
9-5 Fits and Tolerances for Bearings 628
Fixed Condition 551
Designing a Hole Given a Fastener Size 553 9-6 Fits—Inches 628
8-25 Geometric Tolerances 554 9-7 Clearance Fits 628
8-26 Tolerances of Form 554 9-8 Hole Basis 629
8-27 Flatness 554 9-9 Shaft Basis 629
8-28 Straightness 555 9-10 Sample Problem SP9-1 629
8-29 Straightness (RFS and MMC) 556 9-11 Interference Fits 630
8-30 Circularity 559 9-12 Manufactured Bearings 631
Clearance for a Manufactured Bearing 632
8-31 Cylindricity 560
Applying a Clearance Fit Tolerance 632
8-32 Geometric Tolerances Using SolidWorks 561 Interference for a Manufactured Bearing 633
8-33 Datums 561 Applying an Interference Fit Tolerance 633
Adding a Datum Indicator 563 Applying Standard Fit Tolerances to an
Defining a Perpendicular Tolerance 564 Assembly Drawing 634
Defining a Straightness Value for Datum 9-13 Fit Tolerances—Millimeters 635
Surface A 565 Chapter Projects 636
8-34 Tolerances of Orientation 566
8-35 Perpendicularity 566 CHAPTER 10 Gears 653
8-36 Parallelism 569 Chapter Objectives 653
8-37 Angularity 569 10-1 Introduction 653
8-38 Profiles 570 10-2 Gear Terminology 654
8-39 Runouts 572 10-3 Gear Formulas 655
8-40 Positional Tolerances 573 10-4 Creating Gears 656
Creating a Gear Assembly 657
8-41 Creating Positional Tolerances 575
Animating the Gears 661
Creating the Positional Tolerance 575
10-5 Gear Ratios 663
8-42 Virtual Condition 578
Calculating the Virtual Condition for a Shaft 579 10-6 Gears and Bearings 663
Calculating the Virtual Condition for a Hole 579 Adding Bearings 663
8-43 Floating Fasteners 579 10-7 Power Transmission—Shaft to Gear 666
8-44 Sample Problem SP8-3 581 10-8 Set Screws and Gear Hubs 666
Adding a Threaded Hole to the Gear’s Hub 668
8-45 Sample Problem SP8-4 582
10-9 Keys, Keyseats, and Gears 671
8-46 Fixed Fasteners 582
Defining and Creating Keyseats in Gears 671
8-47 Sample Problem SP8-5 583 Returning to the Assembly Drawing 674
8-48 Design Problems 584 Defining and Creating a Parallel Key 675
Chapter Projects 588 Creating a Keyseat in the Shaft 676

Contents xi
 Creating the Keyseat 678 Problem 11-15 729
Creating the Arc-Shaped End of a Keyseat 679 Problem 11-16 730
10-10 Sample Problem SP10-1 681 Problem 11-17 731
Determining the Pitch Diameter 681 Problem 11-18 732
Editing the Bill of Materials 683 Problem 11-19 733
Problem 11-20 734
10-11 Rack and Pinion Gears 687
Animating the Rack and Pinion 689 11-6 Drawing Auxiliary Views 735
Problem 11-21 735
10-12 Metric Gears 690
Problem 11-22 736
Creating a Metric Gear 690
Problem 11-23 737
Chapter Projects 692
11-7 Drawing Break Views 737
CHAPTER 11 CSWA Preparation 715 Problem 11-24 738
Problem 11-25 738
Chapter Objectives 715
11-8 Drawing Section Views 739
11-1 Introduction 715
Problem 11-26 739
11-2 Working with Cubes 716 Problem 11-27 740
Problem 11-1 716 Problem 11-28 741
11-3 Drawing Profiles 717 11-9 Drawing Detail Views 742
Problem 11-2 717 Problem 11-29 742
Problem 11-3 718 Problem 11-30 743
Problem 11-4 719
11-10 Drawing Lines and Views 744
Problem 11-5 719
Problem 11-31 744
Problem 11-6 721
Problem 11-32 745
11-4 Drawing Small 3D Objects 721 Problem 11-33 746
Problem 11-7 722
11-11 Creating Assemblies 747
Problem 11-8 722
Problem 11-34 747
Problem 11-9 723
Problem 11-35 749
Problem 11-10 724
Problem 11-11 725 11-12 Problem Answers 750
Problem 11-12 726
11-5 Drawing Larger Objects 727 APPENDIX 751
Problem 11-13 727
Problem 11-14 728 Index 763

xii Contents
 7 chapterseven
Dimensioning

CHAPTER OBJECTIVES

• Dimension objects • Dimension different shapes and features

• Learn ANSI standards and conventions • Learn fundamentals of 3D dimensioning

7-1 Introduction
Dimensions are added to SolidWorks on Drawing documents. Dimensions
will appear in Part documents, but these are construction dimensions.
These sketch dimensions are used to create a part and are used when a
sketch is edited. They may be modified as the part is being created using
the Smart Dimension tool. They will not appear on the finished model or in
Assembly documents.
Figure 7-1 shows a dimensioned shape. The drawing on the left in
Figure 7-1 shows the sketch dimensions that were used as the part was
being created. The drawing on the right in Figure 7-1 shows dimensions
that were created using the Smart Dimension tool in a Drawing document.
These are defining dimensions and will appear on the working drawings.
This chapter will show how to apply these types of dimensions.
SolidWorks has ANSI Inch and ANSI Metric dimensions available. Other
dimensioning systems such as ISO also are available. This text is in compli-
ance with ANSI standards.

 447
 Figure 7-1 Sketching dimensions,
created as sketch Dimensions added to
was created a drawing document
using the Smart
Dimension tool

7-2 Terminology and Conventions—ANSI

Dimensions are added to drawings to define the part and guide manufac-
turing. General rules and conventions are used to dimension a drawing in a
complete, orderly, and succinct manner.

Common Terms
Figure 7-2 shows both ANSI- and ISO-style dimensions. The terms apply to
both styles.

Figure 7-2

Dimension lines: In mechanical drawings, lines between extension

lines that end with an arrowhead and include a numerical dimensional
value located within the line.
Extension lines: Lines that extend away from an object and allow
dimensions to be located off the surface of an object.
Leader lines: Lines drawn at an angle, not horizontal or vertical, that
are used to dimension specific shapes such as holes. The start point of
a leader line includes an arrowhead. Numerical values are drawn at the
end opposite the arrowhead.
Linear dimensions: Dimensions that define the straight-line distance
between two points.
Angular dimensions: Dimensions that define the angular value, mea-
sured in degrees, between two straight lines.

448 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 Dimensioning Conventions

Chapter 7
There are general guidelines you should follow when dimensioning
drawings. Figure 7-3 shows some of the following guidelines applied to a
dimensioned part.
Figure 7-3

• Dimension lines should be drawn evenly spaced; that is, the distance
between dimension lines should be uniform. A general rule of thumb is
to locate dimension lines about 1/2in. or 15mm apart.
• There should be a noticeable gap between the edge of a part and the
beginning of an extension line. This serves as a visual break between the
object and the extension line. The visual difference between the line types
can be enhanced by using different colors for the two types of lines.
• Leader lines are used to define the size of holes and should be positioned
so that the arrowhead points toward the center of the hole.
• Centerlines may be used as extension lines. No gap is used when a
centerline is extended beyond the edge lines of an object.
• Align dimension lines whenever possible to give the drawing a neat,
organized appearance.

Common Errors to Avoid

See Figure 7-4.
Figure 7-4 Some common errors
Avoid crossing
extension lines

Locate
dimension
away from Avoid long
the edges extension lines
of the object

Do not locate dimension

lines too close to the object

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 449

 • Avoid crossing extension lines. Place longer dimensions farther away
from the object than shorter dimensions.
• Do not locate dimensions within cutouts; always use extension lines.
• Do not locate any dimension close to the object. Dimension lines should
be at least 1/2in. or 15mm from the edge of the object.
• Avoid long extension lines. Locate dimensions in the same general area
as the feature being defined.

7-3 Adding Dimensions to a Drawing

Figure 7-5 shows a part that includes two holes. This section will explain
how to add dimensions to the part. The part was drawn as a Part document
and saved as BLOCK, 2 HOLES. See Figure 7-10 for the part’s dimensions.
The part is 0.50 thick. Save the part and start a new Drawing document.

Figure 7-5
Block, 2 Holes

1 Click New, Drawing, and OK to start a new drawing. Use a B (ANSI)

Landscape sheet size.
2 Click the View Layout tab, Model View, and create a top view of the
BLOCK, 2 HOLES part.
In this example we will work with only one view. See Figure 7-6.

Figure 7-6

Click the horizontal centerline of the

left hole and drag into the horizontal
centerline of the right

450 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 Extend the horizontal center mark from the left hole to the horizontal

Chapter 7
centerline of the right hole.
3 Click the horizontal centerline of the left hole. Small blue boxes will
appear on the center mark.
4 Click and drag the horizontal centerline from the left hole to the right
hole.
The holes now have the same horizontal centerline so only one vertical
dimension can be used to define the hole’s location. See Figure 7-7.

Figure 7-7
Use the Smart dimension tool and
add dimensions to the drawing

In general, add dimensions

from the inside out

TIP
Centerlines can be extended by first clicking them and then dragging an endpoint to a
new location.

5 Use the Smart Dimension tool and add the horizontal and vertical
dimensions as shown.
See Figure 7-8.

Figure 7-8
Aligned
Equal distance spacing

Shorter dimensions closest to the part

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 451

 Note that the dimension values for the vertical dimensions are written
horizontally. This is in compliance with ANSI standards. For this example,
the Century Gothic font was made bold with 14-point height.

RULE
Keep dimension lines aligned and evenly spaced.

6 Click the Hole Callout tool located on the Annotation panel, click the
edge of the left hole, and move the cursor away from the hole.
Note that the leader arrow always points to the center of the hole.
7 Select a location off the surface of the part and click the mouse.

RULE
Never locate dimensions on the surface of the part.

See Figure 7-9. The word THRU is optional. Some companies require it
and some do not.

Figure 7-9

1. Click Hole Callout tool

2. Create this dimension

3. Click here and delete the word THRU

452 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure 7-9

Chapter 7
(Continued )

Resulting callout

4. Delete the word THRU and type “- 2 HOLES”

8 Go to the Dimension PropertyManager at the left of the screen, locate

the cursor in the Dimension Text box, and delete the word THRU.
The text already in the box defines the hole’s diameter.
9 Move the cursor to the end of the existing text line, and type
- 2 HOLES.
10 Click the green OK check mark.
Move the dimensions if needed to create neat, uniform dimensions.
See Figure 7-10.
11 Save the drawing.

Figure 7-10

Font is Century Gothic

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 453

 TIP
Dimensions can be relocated by clicking and dragging the dimension text.

Controlling Dimensions
Various aspects of dimensions can be edited, such as text height, arrow
location, and text values.
1 Click the Options tool at the top of the screen.
The Documents Properties - Drafting Standard dialog box will
appear. See Figure 7-11.
2 Click the Document Properties tab.
3 Click the Dimensions option.
The Document Properties - Dimensions dialog box can be used to
edit the style and form of dimensions. It can also be used to change the way
arrows are applied.
4 Click the Font option.
The Choose Font dialog box will appear. See Figure 7-11. This dialog
box can be used to change the font, font style, and height of dimension text.
The height of text can be measured in inches, millimeters, or points. A point
refers to a space that equals about 1/72 of an inch. (There are 12 points to
a pica.)

Figure 7-11

2. Click Document Properties 1. Click the Options tool

3. Click Dimensions

4. Click Font 5. Set the font

Height to 0.250in

454 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure 7-11

Chapter 7
(Continued ) An example of Times New Roman font

5 Click the Height: Units radio button and change the height to
0.250in.
Note that the SolidWorks default font is Century Gothic.
6 Click OK, then OK.
Figure 7-11 shows dimensions created using the Times New Roman
font. Fonts for drawings should always be easy to read and not too stylistic.

Dimensioning Short Distances

Figure 7-12 shows an object that includes several short distances. We will
start by using the standard dimensions settings and show how to edit them
for a particular situation.
1 Use the Smart Dimension tool and add dimensions to the drawing.
Note that the arrows for the .50 dimension are aligned with the arrows
for the 1.00 dimensions. Dimensions that are aligned in a single row are
called chain dimensions. Note that the .25 dimension is crowded between
the two extension lines.

RULE
Never squeeze dimension values. Dimension values should always be presented clearly
and legible.

There are several possible solutions to the crowded .25 value.

2 Click and drag the .25 dimension to the right outside the extension
lines.
3 Add the 4.00 overall dimension.
Dimensions that define the total length and width of an object are
called overall dimensions. In this example the dimension 4.00 defines the
total length of the part, so it is an overall dimension. Overall dimensions
are located farthest away from the edge of the part.
The right edge of the part, the section below the .25, does not need a
dimension. The reason for this will be discussed in the next chapter on
tolerancing.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 455

 TIP
To delete an existing dimension, click the dimension and press the <Del> key.

Figure 7-12 shows two other options for dimensioning. The first
is the baseline method, in which all dimensions are taken from the same
datum line. The second method is a combination of chain and baseline
dimensions.

Figure 7-12 Dimension this shape

Too crowded Overall dimension

Click and drag the

value to a new location

Chain dimensions
This distance
does not require
a dimension

Overall dimension

Another way to dimension the shape

This distance
does not require
a dimension

456 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 RULE

Chapter 7
Never dimension the same distance twice. This is called double dimensioning.

Figure 7-13 shows an example of double dimensioning. The top edge

distance is dimensioned twice: once using the 1.00 + .50 + 1.00 + .25 +
1.25 dimensions, and a second time using the 4.00 dimension. One of the
dimensions must be omitted. Double dimensioning will be explained in
more detail in Chapter 8.

Figure 7-13 ERROR—double dimensions

Omit one
of the dimensions

The top edge is dimensioned twice

Autodimension Tool
The Autodimension tool will automatically add dimensions to a drawing.

WARNING
The dimensions created using the Autodimension tool are not always in the best loca-
tions. The dimensions must be relocated to be in compliance with ANSI conventions.

Figure 7-14 shows a shape to be dimensioned using the

Autodimension tool.
1 Click the Annotation tab, click the Smart Dimension tool, and click
the Autodimension tab.
2 Select the Chain Scheme, define Edge 1 and Edge 2, click the Apply
box, and click the OK check mark.
SolidWorks will automatically pick edges 1 and 2. If it does not, or the
edges selected are not the ones you want, click the Edge box, then click the
edge. The word Edge<1> should appear in the box.
Figure 7-14 shows the dimensions applied using the Autodimension
tool. They are not in acceptable positions.
3 Rearrange the dimensions to comply with standard conventions.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 457

 Figure 7-14

1. Click the Smart Dimension tool

2. Click the Autodimension tab

3. Select Chain Scheme

Edge 2 (Pink)

Edge 1 (Purple)

4. Click Apply

Chain dimensions created using the Autodimension tool Chain dimensions in compliance with ANSI

Dimensions must be repositioned

458 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 Figure 7-15 shows the shape shown in Figure 7-14 dimensioned using

Chapter 7
the baseline scheme, which is created as follows.

Figure 7-15
Baseline Scheme
Edge 2 (Pink)

Baseline dimensions as created

by the Autodimension tool
Edge 1 (Purple)

Baseline dimensions
in compliance with ANSI

Creating Baseline Dimensions

1 Access the Autodimension tool and select the Baseline Scheme.
2 Select Edge 1 and Edge 2.
3 Click Apply.
4 Click the green OK check mark.
Figure 7-15 shows the dimensions created by the Autodimension tool
and how the dimensions can be rearranged.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 459

 Creating Ordinate Dimensions
Figure 7-16 shows the object dimensioned using the Ordinate Scheme of
the Autodimension tool. The Autodimension tool did better placing the
ordinate dimensions in this instance, but if some of the created dimensions
are located on the surface of the part, this would be a violation of the con-
vention that dimensions should never be located on the surface of the part.
Figure 7-16 shows how the ordinate dimensions were rearranged.

Figure 7-16
Ordinate Scheme
Edge 2 (Pink)

Ordinate dimensions as created

by the Autodimension tool
Edge 1 (Purple)

Ordinate dimensions in compliance with ANSI

7-4 Drawing Scale

Drawings are often drawn “to scale” because the actual part is either too big
to fit on a sheet of drawing paper or too small to be seen. For example, a
microchip circuit must be drawn at several thousand times its actual size
to be seen.
Drawing scales are written using the following formats:
SCALE: 1 = 1
SCALE: FULL
SCALE: 1000 = 1
SCALE: .25 = 1
460 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning
 In each example the value on the left indicates the scale factor. A value

Chapter 7
greater than 1 indicates that the drawing is larger than actual size. A value
smaller than 1 indicates that the drawing is smaller than actual size.
Regardless of the drawing scale selected, the dimension values must be
true size. Figure 7-17 shows the same rectangle drawn at two different
scales. The top rectangle is drawn at a scale of 1 = 1, or its true size. The
bottom rectangle is drawn at a scale of 2 = 1, or twice its true size. In both
examples the 3.00 dimension remains the same.

Figure 7-17
Figure 7-18
SCALE: FULL
TOLERANCES UNLESS
OTHERWISE STATED
X ±1
.X ± .1
.xx ± .01
.XXX ± .005
Xº ± 1º
SCALE: 2=1
.Xº ± .1º

7-5 Units
It is important to understand that dimension values are not the same as
mathematical units. Dimension values are manufacturing instructions and
always include a tolerance, even if the tolerance value is not stated.
Manufacturers use a predefined set of standard dimensions that are
applied to any dimensional value that does not include a written tolerance.
Standard tolerance values differ from organization to organization.
Figure 7-18 shows a chart of standard tolerances.
In Figure 7-19 a distance is dimensioned twice: once as 5.50 and a sec-
ond time as 5.5000. Mathematically these two values are equal, but they
are not the same manufacturing instruction. The 5.50 value could, for
example, have a standard tolerance of ±.01, whereas the 5.5000 value
could have a standard tolerance of ±.0005. A tolerance of ±.0005 is more
difficult and therefore more expensive to manufacture than a tolerance
of ±.01.
Figure 7-20 shows examples of units expressed in millimeters and
in decimal inches. A zero is not required to the left of the decimal point
for decimal inch values less than one. Millimeter values do not require
zeros to the right of the decimal point. Millimeter and decimal inch values
never include symbols; the units will be defined in the title block of the
drawing.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 461

 Figure 7-19
These dimensions are not the same. They
have different tolerance requirements.

Figure 7-20
Millimeters
0.25 0.5 0.033
32 14.5 3 Zero required

Inches No zero required

.25 .05 .033

32.00 14.50 3.000

Aligned Dimensions
Aligned dimensions are dimensions that are parallel to a slanted edge
or surface. They are not horizontal or vertical. The units for aligned
dimensions should be written horizontally. This is called unidirectional
dimensioning.
Figure 7-21 shows the front, right-side, and isometric views of a part
with a slanted surface. The dimensions were applied using the Smart
Dimension tool. Note that the slanted dimension, aligned with the slanted
surface, has unidirectional (horizontal) text. The hole dimension was cre-
ated using the Note tool from the Annotation tab.

Hole Dimensions
Figure 7-22 shows an object that has two holes, one blind and one com-
pletely through. The object has filleted corners. In this section we will add
dimensions to the views.

Figure 7-21 Figure 7-22

O25 hole
Slanted O16 hole that has a
surface that goes depth of 30
completely
through

Aligned dimension

The text is written

unidirectionally

Fillet radius = 15R Dimension these views.

Created using
the Note tool

Dimensions were created using the Smart Dimension tool

The holes were drawn using the Hole Wizard tool. The Hole Wizard
tool will automatically create a conical point to a blind hole.

462 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 1 Use the Smart Dimension tool and locate the two holes.

Chapter 7
See Figure 7-23. In general, dimensions are applied from the inside
out; that is, starting with the features in the middle of the part and working
out to the overall dimensions. Leader lines are generally applied last, as
they have more freedom of location.
2 Use the Linear Center Mark tool to draw a centerline between the two
holes and use the Centerline tool to add the vertical centerline in the
front and side views.
The centerline between the two holes indicates that the vertical 30
dimension applies to both holes.

NOTE
Centerlines should extend beyond the edges of the part. Centerlines can be extended by
first clicking the centerline. Blue end boxes will appear. Click and drag the blue end
boxes to a point beyond the edges of the part.

Figure 7-23

Create using the

Center Mark tool

Center mark

Centerline Create using the Centerline tool

3 Use the Smart Dimension tool and add a dimension to one of the
filleted corners.
See Figure 7-24.
Figure 7-24 Dimension the corner

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 463

 TIP
The dimension options found on the Document PropertyManager will change all
dimensions. Clicking a dimension and using the Dimension PropertyManager allows
you to change just that dimension.

4 Click the fillet dimension again, go to the Dimension Text block on the
Dimension PropertyManager, and type - 4 CORNERS as shown in
Figure 7-25.

Figure 7-25

R15
Add text to R15 dimension

5 Click OK, Apply, and OK.

6 Use the Hole Callout tool on the Annotation panel and dimension the
Ø16 hole.
The Ø16 hole goes completely through the part, so no depth specifica-
tion is required. See Figure 7-26. The word THRU is optional and may be
removed.
7 Use the Hole Callout tool and Dimension the Ø25 hole.

Figure 7-26

Use the Hole

Callout tool

464 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 The hole callout will include the depth symbol (see Figure 7-27) and a

Chapter 7
depth value of 30 (see Figure 7-28).
Complete the dimensions.
See Figure 7-29.

Figure 7-28

Figure 7-27

A blind hole
Depth
Available symbols

Symbol for depth

Figure 7-29

Overall dimension

Overall dimension

Overall dimension

NOTE
If the Smart Dimension tool had been used, the dimension would have to be edited in
the Dimension Text area and the depth symbol and a numerical value added.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 465

 7-6 Dimensioning Holes and Fillets
A blind hole is a hole that does not go completely through an object. It has a
depth requirement. Figure 7-30 shows a 2.00 × 2.00 × 2.00 cube with a
blind Ø.50 × 1.18 DEEP hole. It was created as follows.

Dimensioning a Blind Hole

1 Draw the block.
2 Click the Hole Wizard tool.
See Figure 7-30.
Use the Smart Dimension
Figure 7-30 tool to locate the hole

1. Click the Hole Type option

Hole callout
Ø.50 1.18

2. Define Standard

3. Define Hole Size

4. Define hole’s depth

466 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure 7-30 Symbol for depth
Hole depth

Chapter 7
(Continued )

Hole callout

Not included
in depth

This dimension is not needed.

It is included here to verify that
the stated hole depth does not
include the conical point.

3 Click the Hole tool in the Hole Type box. Define the hole using the
ANSI Inch standard with a Size of 1/2 and a Blind Hole Depth of
1.18in.
4 Click the Positions tab.
5 Locate the hole as shown.
The initial location is an approximation. Use the Smart Dimension tool
to specify the exact location of the hole’s centerpoint.
6 Click the green OK check mark.
7 Save the drawing as Block, Blind.
8 Start a new Drawing document and create a front and a top ortho-
graphic view of the Block, Blind.
9 Add dimensions to the views.
10 Click the Annotation tab and click the Hole Callout option.
11 Click the edge of the hole, move the cursor away from the hole, define a
location for the hole callout, and click the mouse. The hole callout
dimension will initially appear as a rectangular box.
Change the height of the text font if necessary.
12 Save the drawing.
Note that the hole includes a conical point. Holes manufactured
using twist drills will have conical points. The conical point is not included
in the hole’s depth dimension. A special drill bit can be used to create a
flat-bottomed hole.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 467

 Figure 7-31 shows three different methods that can be used to dimen-
sion a blind hole.

Figure 7-31
Figure 7-32
Dimensions for holes with depth
Section views of holes with depth

Symbol
for depth

Optional

Figure 7-32 shows three methods of dimensioning holes in section

views. The single line note version is the preferred method.

Dimensioning Hole Patterns

Figure 7-33 shows two different hole patterns dimensioned. The circular
pattern includes the note Ø10 – 4 HOLES. This note serves to define all
four holes within the object.
Figure 7-33 also shows a rectangular object that contains five holes of
equal diameter, equally spaced from one another. The notation 5 × Ø10
specifies five holes of 10 diameter. The notation 4 × 20 (=80) means four
equal spaces of 20. The notation (=80) is a reference dimension and is
included for convenience. Reference dimensions are explained in Chapter 9.

Figure 7-33

Figure 7-34 shows two additional methods for dimensioning repeating

hole patterns. Figure 7-35 shows a circular hole pattern that includes two
different hole diameters. The hole diameters are not noticeably different
and could be confused. One group is defined by indicating letter A; the
other is dimensioned in a normal manner.

468 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 Figure 7-34

Chapter 7
Figure 7-35

7-7 Dimensioning Counterbored and

Countersunk Holes
Counterbored holes are dimensioned in the sequence of their manufacture.
First the hole’s diameter is given, then the counterbore diameter, then the
depth of the counterbore.
Figure 7-36 shows a part that contains two counterbored holes; one
goes completely through and the other is blind. Dimensions will be applied
to both.
1 Create a 3.00 × 4.00 × 1.75 block.
2 Click the Hole Wizard tool, click the Counterbore option, and insert
the counterbored hole that goes completely through.
3 Specify the Standard as ANSI Inch, the Type as Hex Screw, the Size
as a 3/8 diameter, and the End Condition as Through All.
See Figure 7-37. SolidWorks will automatically select the diameter for
the counterbored hole that will accommodate a Ø3/8 Hex Head Screw.
Depending on your default settings, the counterbored hole may have a
small chamfer added. The countersink can be removed by removing the
check mark in the Options box on the Hole Specification manager.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 469

 Figure 7-36

Figure 7-37

1. Click Counterbore

2. Set parameters

Locate the counterbore hole

470 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure 7-37

Chapter 7
(Continued )

Position the second hole

Finished block
Set the End
Condition to Blind
and depth of 1.0

4 Position the hole using the given dimensions.

5 Add the second hole, setting the End Condition to Blind and 1.00 deep.
6 Position the hole using the given dimensions.
7 Save the block as Block, Cbore.
8 Start a new Drawing document and create a front and a top ortho-
graphic view of the Block, Cbore.
9 Click the Annotation tab and add all dimensions and centerlines other
than the hole dimensions.
10 Click the Hole Callout tool.
See Figure 7-38.
11 Click the edge of each hole, move the cursor away from the hole, and
click the mouse when a suitable location is found.
The counterbored hole’s dimension note is interpreted as shown in
Figure 7-38.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 471

 Figure 7-38

1. Click Annotation 3. Click Hole Callout

2. Add Centerlines

Figure 7-39 shows the Block, Cbore assembled with hex head screws
inserted into the counterbored holes. SolidWorks will automatically gener-
ate the correct size counterbored hole for a specified screw. The counter-
bore depth will align the top of the screw head with the top surface of the
part and will define a hole diameter that includes clearance between the
fastener and the hole. In this example a clearance hole with a diameter of
Ø.40 was generated. The hole is .02 larger than the specified .38 fastener
diameter.

472 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 If clearance is required between the top of the screw and the top

Chapter 7
surface of the part, check the Head clearance box under Options in the
Hole Specification section of the Hole Wizard PropertyManager. See
Figure 7-40.

Figure 7-40
Click Hole Wizard and
Hole Specification

Figure 7-39
3/8 Hex Head screw

Tool clearance

Specify the clearance

The diameter of the counterbored hole can be made larger than the
clearance generated by SolidWorks to allow for tool clearance. Tool clear-
ance allowance increases the diameter of the counterbore so that it is large
enough to allow a socket wrench to fit over the head of the fastener and still
fit within the hole.

Counterbored Hole with Threads

Figure 7-41 shows a 3.00 × 4.00 × 2.00 block with two counterbored holes.
Both holes are threaded.
1 Create the block.
2 Click the Hole Wizard tool, select the Straight Tap option, and specify
a 3/8-16 UNC thread that goes completely through.
3 Click the Positions tab and locate the hole.
4 Click the green OK check mark.
This will locate a 3/8-16 UNC thread hole in the block. Now, we add
the counterbore.
5 Click the top surface of the block and click the Sketch option.
6 Click the Circle tool and draw a Ø.88 circle on the top surface centered
on the same centerpoint as the Ø3/8-16 hole.
The dimensions for this example came from Figure 7-38.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 473

 Figure 7-41
(Continued )

1. Click Straight Tap

2. Select ANSI Inch

3. Select Tapped hole

4. Specify 3/8-16

5. Specify Through All

474 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure 7-41

Chapter 7
(Continued )

7 Click the Features tab, click the Extruded Cut tool, and specify a cut depth of
0.27.
8 Click the green OK check mark.
9 Repeat the procedure, adding a second hole with a thread to a depth of 0.85.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 475

 TIP
For an internal thread, the thread depth is measured from the top surface of the part.

See Figure 7-42.

Figure 7-42

10 Save the block as Block, Threads.

11 Create a new Drawing document and create front and top orthographic
views of the Block, Threads.
12 Add centerlines to the front view and add dimensions as shown.
See Figure 7-43.
13 Use the Hole Callout tool and click the left threaded hole.
Do not click the outside of the counterbored hole. This will generate a
note that includes only the counterbore. In Figure 7-42 the callouts 3/8-16
Tapped Hole appear on the front view. Remove the callouts from view by
right-clicking the callouts and selecting the Hide option. The thread infor-
mation will be included in the counterbore hole callout.
14 Locate the text and click the mouse.
The initial note may show the counterbore callout above the thread
callout. Convention calls for the note to read in the sequence of manufac-
ture. The threaded hole is cut first and then the counterbore is added;
therefore, the thread callout should come before the counterbore callout.
15 Modify the callout to list the thread callout above the counterbore
callout.
Access the Dimension Text box on the Dimension Manager by
clicking the .31 THRU ALL dimension, delete the first line of text, and
replace the dimension with a new dimension, 3/8-16 UNC THRU.

476 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure 7-43 1. Click this dimension to

Chapter 7
access the Dimension Text

2. Change the text here

3. Hide the Tapped

dimensions

16 Click the green OK check mark.

17 Click the threaded portion of the right hole.
18 Locate the text and click the mouse.
19 Modify the callout as shown.
Figure 7-44 shows dimensioned counterbored holes using metric units.
The Hole Callout tool was used to dimension the counterbored holes. Note
that the hole’s diameter is listed as Ø11. The fastener size was specified as
M10, and the Ø11 hole is a clearance hole.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 477

 Figure 7-44

Add clearance of 1.0 mm

Clearance hole

Defined by the fastener’s

head height
Hole callouts

478 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 Dimensioning Countersink Holes

Chapter 7
Countersink holes are used with flat head screws to create assemblies in
which the fasteners do not protrude above the surfaces.
Figure 7-45 shows a part with two countersunk holes; one goes com-
pletely through, the other has a depth specification.

Figure 7-45

Two countersunk holes

1 Draw a 40 × 80 × 60 block.
2 Use the Hole Wizard tool, click the Countersink type, specify the ANSI
Metric standard, select an M10 size for a flat head screw, and specify a
hole that goes all the way through. Define a head clearance of 2.00mm.
3 Click the Positions tab and position the countersunk hole’s center-
point as shown using the Smart Dimension tool.
4 Click the green OK check mark.
5 Click the Hole Wizard tool, click the Countersink type, specify the
ANSI Metric standard, select an M10 size for a flat head screw, and
specify a depth requirement of 25.00mm for a Blind hole. Define a
head clearance of 2.00mm.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 479

 6 Click the Positions tab and locate the hole as shown.
7 Click the green OK check mark.
8 Save the drawing as Block, CSink.

Dimensioning the Block

1 Create a new Drawing document with a front and a top orthographic
view of the Block, CSink.
2 Use the Smart Dimension tool and add the appropriate dimensions.
3 Use the Center Mark tool to add a centerline between the two holes
indicating they are aligned.
4 Click the Annotation tab, click the Hole Callout tool, and dimension
the two countersunk holes.
See Figure 7-46.

Figure 7-46 Hole depth

Symbol for countersink

Inclusive angle
of countersink

Diameter of countersunk
hole on the top surface

Completed dimensions

7-8 Angular Dimensions

Figure 7-47 shows a model that includes a slanted surface and dimen-
sioned orthographic views of the model. The dimension values are located
beyond the model between two extension lines. Locating dimensions
between extension lines is preferred to locating the value between an exten-
sion line and the edge of the model.

480 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure 7-47

Chapter 7
A model with slanted surfaces

Angular dimension

Extension line

Extension line

Figure 7-48 shows a shape that includes a slanted surface dimensioned

in two different ways. The shape on the left uses an angular dimension; the
one on the right does not. Both are acceptable.
Figure 7-48

No dimension here
There are different ways to
dimension the same model.
Do not include more dimensions
than are needed.

No dimension here

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 481

 Figure 7-49 shows two objects dimensioned using angular dimensions.
One has an evenly spaced hole pattern; the other has an uneven hole pattern.

Figure 7-49
An evenly spaced
circular pattern

Click and drag

the endpoints
of the centerlines
so they extend beyond
the edge of the part

Click here to create a circular center mark

482 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure 7-49

Chapter 7
(Continued )

An unevenly spaced
circular pattern

A dimensioned, evenly
spaced circular pattern

Center marks are

horizontal and vertical

Click and hide the

center marks

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 483

 Figure 7-49 Click here and select all the small
(Continued ) circles to add a circular centerline

Dimension the
uneven circular
pattern

Dimensioning an Evenly Spaced Hole Pattern

1 Start a new drawing of the object and create a view as shown in
Figure 7-49.
The object will automatically include circular centerlines. The circular
centerline is called a bolt circle. Note that the center marks are not horizon-
tal and vertical but point at the centerpoint of the pattern.

484 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 Circular centerlines and center marks can be created using the Manual

Chapter 7
Insert Options located on the Center Mark PropertyManager.
2 Add dimensions to the pattern and the object.
The six holes are evenly spaced and are all the same size, so only one
angular dimension and a note are needed, as shown. All the holes are the
same distance from the centerpoint, so the circular centerline needs only
one dimension that will include the six holes.
The size and text position of the angular dimension can be edited using
the System tool, Document Properties, Dimensions, Angle, and entering
edits.
Figure 7-49 shows a similar object but with an uneven hole pattern.
Each hole must be dimensioned separately.
When the drawing view first appears on the screen, all the center
marks are horizontal and vertical. A circular centerline pattern is preferred.
Click each center mark and Hide the mark. Click the Center Mark tool and
the Circular Center Mark tool located under the Manual Insert Options,
and click each hole. A circular centerline pattern will appear. The shape
can then be dimensioned using the circular pattern.

7-9 Ordinate Dimensions

Ordinate dimensions are dimensions based on an XY coordinate system.
Ordinate dimensions do not include extension lines, dimension lines, or
arrowheads but simply horizontal and vertical leader lines drawn directly
from the features of the object. Ordinate dimensions are particularly useful
when dimensioning an object that includes many small holes.
Figure 7-50 shows a part that is to be dimensioned using ordinate
dimensions. Ordinate dimensions’ values are calculated from the XY origin,
which, in this example, is the lower-left corner of the front view of the
model.

Figure 7-50

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 485

 Creating Ordinate Dimensions
See Figure 7-51.
1 Start a new Drawing document and create a top orthographic view of
the part.
Use the dimensions shown in Figure 7-52 to create the drawing.
2 Click and extend the center marks and draw centerlines between the
four corner holes.

Figure 7-51

Origin

Click and extend the center marks

Horizontal Ordinate Dimensions

486 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure 7-51

Chapter 7
(Continued )

Vertical Ordinate
Dimensions

3 Click the arrowhead located under the Smart Dimension tool and click
the Horizontal Ordinate Dimension option.
4 Click the lower-left corner of the part to establish the origin for the
dimensions.
5 Move the cursor away from the origin and define a location for the “0”
dimension.
All other horizontal dimensions will align with this location.
6 Click the lower portion of each hole’s vertical centerline and the
lower-right corner of the part.
7 Click the arrowhead located under the Smart Dimension tool and click
the Vertical Ordinate Dimension option.
8 Click the lower-left corner of the part to establish the origin for the
dimensions.
Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 487
 9 Click the left portion of each hole’s horizontal centerline and the
upper-left corner of the part.
10 Add dimensions for the holes.
Figure 7-52 shows the dimensioned part.

Figure 7-52

Add the hole dimensions

7-10 Baseline Dimensions

Baseline dimensions are a series of dimensions that originate from a com-
mon baseline or datum line. Baseline dimensions are very useful because
they help eliminate the tolerance buildup that is associated with chain-type
dimensions.

Creating Baseline Dimensions

See Figure 7-53.
1 Start a new Drawing document and create a top orthographic view of
the part.
2 Use the Linear Center Mark tool and add connection centerlines
between the four corner holes.
3 Click the arrowhead under the Smart Dimension tool and click the
Baseline Dimension option.
4 Click the left vertical edge of the part and the lower portion of the first
vertical centerline.
This will establish the baseline.
5 Click the lower portion of each vertical centerline and the right vertical
edge line and locate the dimensions.

488 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure 7-53

Chapter 7
Baseline dimensions

Add hole dimensions

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 489

 NOTE
The distance between the dimension lines can be changed in the Offset distances box
under Dimensions on the Document Properties tab of the Options tool.

6 Click the arrowhead under the Smart Dimension tool and click the
Baseline Dimension option.
7 Click the lower horizontal edge of the part and the left end of the first
horizontal centerline.
8 Click the left end of each horizontal centerline and the right top
horizontal edge line.
The alignment of the vertical dimension lines can be changed by
right-clicking the individual dimension and selecting the Break Alignment
option.
9 Add the hole dimensions.

Hole Tables
Hole tables are a method for dimensioning parts that have large numbers of
holes where standard dimensioning may be cluttered and difficult to read.
See Figure 7-54.

Figure 7-54
1. Click Tables

2. Click Hole Table

490 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure 7-54

Chapter 7
(Continued )

1. Click the corner

2. Click each hole

A hole table

1 Start a new Drawing document and create a top orthographic view of

the part.
2 Use the Linear Center Mark tool and add connection centerlines
between the four corner holes.
3 Click the Annotation tab, click Tables, and click Hole Table.
4 Click the lower-left corner of the part to establish an origin.
5 Click each hole.
As the holes are clicked they should be listed in the Holes box located
in the Hole Table PropertyManager.
6 Click the green OK check mark and locate the hole table.
7 Add the overall dimensions.
8 Move the hole tags as needed to present a clear, easy-to-read drawing.
In this example all tags were located to the upper-right of the holes
they define. Tables can be edited using the instructions presented in
Section 5-11 for BOMs.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 491

 7-11 Locating Dimensions
There are eight general rules concerning the location of dimensions. See
Figure 7-55.
Figure 7-55 Locate shorter dimensions
closer to the object than
longer ones

Locate dimensions
near the features
they are defining

Avoid

DO NOT LOCATE DIMENSIONS ON

THE SURFACE OF THE OBJECT

Align groups of
dimensions

Locate overall dimensions the

farthest away from the object

492 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 1 Locate dimensions near the features they are defining.

Chapter 7
2 Do not locate dimensions on the surface of the object.
3 Align and group dimensions so that they are neat and easy to under-
stand.
4 Avoid crossing extension lines.
Sometimes it is impossible not to cross extension lines because of the
complex shape of the object, but whenever possible, avoid crossing exten-
sion lines.
5 Do not cross dimension lines.
6 Locate shorter dimensions closer to the object than longer dimensions.
7 Always locate overall dimensions the farthest away from the object.
8 Do not dimension the same distance twice. This is called double
dimensioning and will be discussed in Chapter 8 in association with
tolerancing.

7-12 Fillets and Rounds

Fillets and rounds may be dimensioned individually or by a note. In many
design situations all the fillets and rounds are the same size, so a note as
shown in Figure 7-56 is used. Any fillets or rounds that have a different
radius from that specified by the note are dimensioned individually.

Figure 7-56

7-13 Rounded Shapes—Internal

Internal rounded shapes are called slots. Figure 7-57 shows three different
methods for dimensioning slots. The end radii are indicated by the note R-2
PLACES, but no numerical value is given. The width of the slot is dimen-
sioned, and it is assumed that the radius of the rounded ends is exactly
half of the stated width.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 493

 Figure 7-57

7-14 Rounded Shapes—External

Figure 7-58 shows two shapes with external rounded ends. As with internal
rounded shapes, the end radii are indicated, but no value is given. The
width of the object is given, and the radius of the rounded end is assumed
to be exactly half of the stated width.

Figure 7-58

494 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 The second example shown in Figure 7-58 shows an object dimen-

Chapter 7
sioned using the object’s centerline. This type of dimensioning is done when
the distance between the holes is more important than the overall length of
the object; that is, the tolerance for the distance between the holes is more
exact than the tolerance for the overall length of the object.
The overall length of the object is given as a reference dimension (100).
This means the object will be manufactured based on the other dimensions,
and the 100 value will be used only for reference.
Objects with partially rounded edges should be dimensioned as shown
in Figure 7-58. The radii of the end features are dimensioned. The center-
point of the radii is implied to be on the object centerline. The overall
dimension is given; it is not referenced unless specific radii values are
included.

7-15 Irregular Surfaces

There are three different methods for dimensioning irregular surfaces: tab-
ular, baseline, and baseline with oblique extension lines. Figure 7-59 shows
an irregular surface dimensioned using the tabular method. An XY axis is
defined using the edges of the object. Points are then defined relative to the
XY axis. The points are assigned reference numbers, and the reference
numbers and XY coordinate values are listed in chart form as shown.

Figure 7-59

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 495

 Figure 7-60 shows an irregular curve dimensioned using baseline
dimensions. The baseline method references all dimensions to specified
baselines. Usually there are two baselines, one horizontal and one vertical.

Figure 7-60

Baselines

It is considered poor practice to use a centerline as a baseline. Center-

lines are imaginary lines that do not exist on the object and would make it
more difficult to manufacture and inspect the finished objects.
Baseline dimensioning is very common because it helps eliminate toler-
ance buildup and is easily adaptable to many manufacturing processes.

7-16 Polar Dimensions

Polar dimensions are similar to polar coordinates. A location is defined by a
radius (distance) and an angle. Figure 7-61 shows an object that includes
polar dimensions. The holes are located on a circular centerline, and their
positions from the vertical centerline are specified using angles.

Figure 7-61

496 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 Figure 7-62 shows an example of a hole pattern dimensioned using

Chapter 7
polar dimensions.

Figure 7-62

7-17 Chamfers
Chamfers are angular cuts made on the edges of objects. They are usually
used to make it easier to fit two parts together. They are most often made at
45° angles but may be made at any angle. Figure 7-63 shows two objects
with chamfers between surfaces 90° apart and two examples between sur-
faces that are not 90° apart. Either of the two types of dimensions shown
for the 45° dimension may be used. If an angle other than 45° is used, the
angle and setback distance must be specified.

Figure 7-63

Figure 7-64 shows two examples of internal chamfers. Both define the
chamfer using an angle and diameter. Internal chamfers are very similar to
countersunk holes.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 497

 Figure 7-64

7-18 Symbols and Abbreviations

Symbols are used in dimensioning to help accurately display the meaning
of the dimension. Symbols also help eliminate language barriers when
reading drawings.
Abbreviations should be used very carefully on drawings. Whenever
possible, write out the full word, including correct punctuation. The
Dimension PropertyManager Value tab includes a group of symbols and
words commonly used on technical drawings. Figure 7-65 lists several
standard abbreviations used on technical drawings.

Figure 7-65
AL = Aluminum
CBORE = Counterbore
CRS = Cold Rolled Steel
CSK = Countersink
DIA = Diameter
EQ = Equal
HEX = Hexagon
MAT'L = Material
R= Radius
SAE = Society of Automotive
Engineers
SFACE = Spotface
ST = Steel
SQ = Square
REQD = Required

Figure 7-66 shows a list of symbols available in the Dimension

PropertyManager Value tab.

498 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure 7-66

Chapter 7
Diameter

Click here

TIP
To access the Dimension PropertyManager Value tab, click an existing dimension.

More symbols are available by clicking the More box. A list of available
symbols will appear. Click a new symbol. A preview of the selected symbol
will appear. Click OK and the symbol will appear on the drawing next to the
existing symbol.

7-19 Symmetrical and Centerline Symbols

An object is symmetrical about an axis when one side is the exact mirror
image of the other. Figure 7-67 shows a symmetrical object. The symbol of
two short parallel lines or the note OBJECT IS SYMMETRICAL ABOUT
THIS AXIS (centerline) may be used to designate symmetry.
If an object is symmetrical, only half the object needs to be dimensioned.
The other dimensions are implied by the symmetry note or symbol.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 499

 Figure 7-67

The centerline is slightly different from the axis of symmetry. An object

may or may not be symmetrical about its centerline. See Figure 7-67. Cen-
terlines are used to define the center of both individual features and entire
objects. Use the centerline symbol when a line is a centerline, but do not
use it in place of the symmetry symbol.

7-20 Dimensioning to a Point

Curved surfaces can be dimensioned using theoretical points. See Figure 7-68.
There should be a small gap between the surface of the object and the lines
used to define the theoretical point. The point should be defined by the inter-
section of at least two lines.
There should also be a small gap between the extension lines and the
theoretical point used to locate the point.

Figure 7-68

500 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 7-21 Dimensioning Section Views

Chapter 7
Section views are dimensioned. See Figure 7-69. The section lines should
be drawn at an angle that allows the viewer to clearly distinguish between
the section lines and the extension lines.

Figure 7-69

7-22 Dimensioning Orthographic Views

Dimensions should be added to orthographic views where the features
appear in contour. Holes should be dimensioned in their circular views.
Figure 7-70 shows three views of an object that has been dimensioned.

Figure 7-70

The hole dimensions are added to the top view, where the hole appears
circular. The slot is also dimensioned in the top view because it appears in
contour. The slanted surface is dimensioned in the front view.
The height of surface A is given in the side view rather than run along
extension lines across the front view. The length of surface A is given in the
front view. This is a contour view of the surface.
It is considered good practice to keep dimensions in groups. This
makes it easier for the viewer to find dimensions.
Be careful not to double dimension a distance. A distance should be
dimensioned only once. If a 30 dimension were added above the 25 dimen-
sion on the right-side view, it would be an error. The distance would be

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 501

 double dimensioned: once with the 25 + 30 dimension, and again with the
55 overall dimension. The 25 + 30 dimensions are mathematically equal to
the 55 overall dimension, but there is a distinct difference in how they
affect the manufacturing tolerances. Double dimensions are explained more
fully in Chapter 8.

Dimensions Using Centerlines

Figure 7-71 shows an object dimensioned from its centerline. This type of
dimensioning is used when the distance between the holes relative to each
other is critical.

Figure 7-71

502 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

7 chapterseven Chapter Projects

Project 7-1:
Measure and redraw the shapes in Figures P7-1 through P7-24. The dotted
grid background has either .50in. or 10mm spacing. All holes are through
holes. Specify the units and scale of the drawing. Use the Part template to
create a model. Use the grid background pattern to determine the dimen-
sions. Use the Drawing template to create the orthographic view shown.
Use the Smart Dimension tool to dimension the view.
A. Measure using millimeters.
B. Measure using inches.
All dimensions are within either .25in. or 5mm. All fillets and rounds
are R.50in., R.25in. or R10mm, R5mm.

Figure P7-1

THICKNESS:
40mm
1.50in.

Figure P7-2

THICKNESS:
20mm
.75in.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 503

 Figure P7-4

Figure P7-3

THICKNESS: THICKNESS:
35mm 15mm
1.25in. .50in.

Figure P7-5 Figure P7-6

THICKNESS: THICKNESS:
10mm 5mm
.50in. .25in.

504 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure P7-7 Figure P7-8

THICKNESS:
THICKNESS: 25mm
12mm 1.00in.
.50in.

Figure P7-9 Figure P7-10

THICKNESS:
20mm
.75in.

THICKNESS:
5mm
.25in.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 505

 Figure P7-11 Figure P7-12

THICKNESS:
18mm
.625in.
THICKNESS:
24mm
1.00in.

Figure P7-13

THICKNESS:
10mm
.25in.

Figure P7-14

THICKNESS:
8mm
.25in.

506 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 Figure P7-15

THICKNESS:
20mm
.75in.

Figure P7-16

THICKNESS:
20mm
.75in.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 507

 Figure P7-17 Figure P7-18

THICKNESS:
THICKNESS: 30mm
20mm 1.375in.
.75in.

Figure P7-19

THICKNESS:
12mm
.30in.

508 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure P7-20

THICKNESS:
5mm
.125in.

Figure P7-21

THICKNESS: Dimension using baseline dimensions

10mm
.25in.

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 509

 Figure P7-22

THICKNESS: Dimension using

15mm A. Baseline dimensions C. Chain dimensions
.50in. B. Ordinate dimensions D. Hole table

Figure P7-23

THICKNESS:
5mm
.19in.

510 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 Figure P7-24

THICKNESS:
15mm
.625in.

Project 7-2:
Use the Part template to draw models of the objects shown in Figures
P7-25 through P7-42.
1. C
 reate orthographic views of the objects. Dimension the orthographic
views.
2. Create 3D models of the objects. Dimension the 3D models.

Figure P7-25 Figure P7-26

MILLIMETERS MILLIMETERS

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 511

 Figure P7-27 Figure P7-28
INCHES MILLIMETERS

Figure P7-29 Figure P7-30

MILLIMETERS INCHES

Figure P7-31 Figure P7-32

MILLIMETERS INCHES

512 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure P7-33 Figure P7-34
MILLIMETERS INCHES

Figure P7-36
MILLIMETERS

Figure P7-35
MILLIMETERS

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 513

 Figure P7-37 Figure P7-38
INCHES MILLIMETERS

Figure P7-39
MILLIMETERS

Figure P7-40
MILLIMETERS

514 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Figure P7-41
MILLIMETERS

Figure P7-42
MILLIMETERS

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 515

 Project 7-3:
1. D
 raw a 3D model from the given top orthographic and section views
in Figure P7-43.
2. D
 raw a top orthographic view and a section view of the object and
add dimensions.

Figure P7-43 Figure P7-44

MILLIMETERS MILLIMETERS

Project 7-4:
1. D
 raw a 3D model from the given top orthographic and section views
in Figure P7-44.
2. D
 raw a top orthographic view and a section view of the object and
add dimensions.

Project 7-5:
1. D
 raw a 3D model from the given top orthographic and section views
in Figure P7-45.
2. D
 raw a top orthographic view and a section view of the object and
add dimensions.

516 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

 Project 7-6:
1. D
 raw a 3D model from the given top orthographic and section views
in Figure P7-46.
2. D
 raw a top orthographic view and a section view of the object and
add dimensions.
Figure P7-45 Figure P7-46
INCHES INCHES

Project 7-7:
Redraw the given shapes in Figures P7-47 through P7-49 and dimension
them using the following dimension styles.
1. Baseline
2. Ordinate
3. Hole Table

Figure P7-47
MILLIMETERS

MATL = 0.50

Chapter 7 | Dimensioning 517

 Figure P7-48
MILLIMETERS

Figure P7-49
INCHES

518 Chapter 7 | Dimensioning

Index
Numerics 3 point, sketching, 69–70 applying a clearance fit tolerance,
centerpoint, sketching, 67–68 632–633
2D shape
tangent, sketching, 68–69 ball, 619, 626–628
creating, 28–31
Assembly tools clearance fits, 628–629
drawing, 20–23
Animate Collapse, 339–340 fits, 628
3 point arc, sketching, 69–70
Clearance Verification, 353, 355–356 hole basis, 629
3 point arc slot, sketching, 64
Exploded View, 321–324 interference fit, 630–631
3 Point Arc Slot tool, 64
Interference Detection, 349–350 manufactured, 631–632
3 point center rectangle, sketching,
Mate, 311–316, 318–320 clearance fit, 632
58–59
Motion Study, 344–346 interference fit, 633
3 point corner rectangle, sketching,
Mouse Gestures, 310–311 shaft basis, 629–630
57–58
Move Component, 308–309 sleeve, 619, 620
3D model, creating, 25–26
Rotate Component, 309–310 drawing, 620–621
assembly/ies using in an assembly drawing,
A application blocks, 339 621–622
abbreviations, 498–499 BOM (bill of materials), 328–329 from the Toolbox, 623–626
accessing adding columns, 332–333 bilateral tolerance, 519–520
Design Library, 390–392 changing the font, 334–335 blind holes, 205, 466
Mouse Gestures settings, 45–46 changing the width of columns and creating, 143–146
activating, S Key, 48 rows, 333–334 dimensioning, 466–471
addendum, 655 editing, 330–331 threaded, inch values, 387–388
adding bottom-up, 316–321 bolt threads, 396
columns to a BOM (bill of materials), exploded isometric, creating, 321–324 BOM (bill of materials), 328–329
332–333 Fix option, 308 adding columns, 332–333
datum indicator, 563–564 gear, 674–675 changing the font, 334–335
dimensions to a drawing, 450–454 adding bearings, 663–666 changing the width of columns and
plus and minus tolerances, 524–525 animating the gears, 661–662 rows, 333
screw sets to a collar, 409–410 creating, 657–661 editing, 330–331, 683–686
text, 85 interference bottom-up assemblies, 316–321
text to a feature, 86 detecting, 350–352 broken views, 259–261
aligned dimensions, 462 removing, 353–355
aligned section view, 258–259 motion, viewing, 346 C
angular dimensions, 448, 480–484 numbers, 326–328
callouts
angular tolerance, creating, 526–528 origin, 307
ball bearings, 626
angularity tolerances, 569–570 parts, editing, 347–349
fit, 540–541
Animate Collapse tool, 339–340 release block, 338
thread, 382–383
animating, gears, 661–662, 689–690 revision letters, 336
CD (center distance), 655
Annotation tools Rotator, 341–344
center rectangle, sketching, 56–57
Auto Balloon, 327 sleeve bearings, 621–622
Centerline tool, 110–111
Autodimension, 457–459 standard fit tolerance, applying,
centerlines
creating baseline dimensions, 459 634–635
dimensions, 502
creating ordinate dimensions, 460 starting, 305–308
extending, 463
Balloon, 326–328 title block, 335, 336–338
symbol, 500
Datum Feature, 563, 564 assigning
centerpoint arc, sketching, 67–68
Geometric Tolerance, 565–566 tolerances, 549–550
centerpoint arc slot, sketching, 65–66
Note tool, 337–338 tools to the Mouse Gestures wheel,
centerpoint straight slot, sketching, 63
Smart Dimension, 6, 8, 11–12, 17, 23, 46–47
Centerpoint Straight Slot tool, 63
387, 451, 457 Auto Balloon tool, 327
chain dimensions, 529–531
ANSI (American National Standards Autodimension tool, 457–459
Chamfer tool, 153
Institute). See also English units; auxiliary views, drawing, 262–266
defining a chamfer using an angle and
inch values; metric units
a distance, 153–154
dimensioning terminology and B
defining a chamfer using two
conventions, 448–449
backlash, 655 distances, 154–155
orthographic view standards, 229
ball bearings, 619, 626–628 defining a vertex chamfer, 155–156
thread standards, 383–384
Balloon tool, 326–328 chamfer/s
threads, 381, 392
baseline dimensions, 459, 488–490, dimensioning, 497–498
application blocks, 339
529–532 sketching, 82
applying, surface control symbols,
basic dimensions, 574 using angle-distance, 83
547–549
bearings, 628 using distance-distance – equal
arcs
adding to gear assemblies, 663–666 distance, 82

 763
 using distance-distance – not equal outward draft, 133–134 dimensions and dimensioning, 1, 7.
distance, 84 plus and minus tolerances, 522–523 See also tolerances
vertex, 155–156 positional tolerance, 575–578 adding to a drawing, 450–454
changing reference plane, 161–165 aligned, 462
existing dimension, 10–11 crest, 381 angular, 448, 480–484
style of a section view, 257 Curve Driven Pattern tool, 208–213 baseline, 459, 488–490, 529–532
text font and size, 85–86 curved surfaces, dimensioning to a basic, 574
units, 15 point, 500 blind holes, 466–471
Circle tool, 9, 52–54, 141–142 Customize dialog box, 45, 49 chain, 529–531
circle/s customizing, S Key toolbar, 49–51 chamfers, 497–498
changing an existing dimension, 10–11 cutout, editing, 196–197 changing, 10–11
under defined, 11 cylinders. See also sleeve bearings circle, 12–13
defining the diameter, 53–54 creating a slanted surface, 200 common errors to avoid, 449–450
fully defined, creating, 8–10 drawing, 198–200 controlling, 454–455
locational value, 11 hole, adding, 203–205 conventions, 449
perimeter straightness tolerance, 556 counterbored holes, 469–478
sketching, 66–67 threaded holes, adding, 405–409 countersink holes, 479–480
sketching tangent to three lines, vertical slot, adding, 201–203 datum, 561–563
55–56 cylindricity tolerance, 560 designing a hole given a fastener size,
sketching using three points, 54–55 553
sketching, 52–54 D double, 457, 493, 528–529
circular pitch, 655 drawing scale, 460–461
datum, 561–563
Circular Sketch Pattern tool, 176–177 driving, 13
indicator, adding, 563–564
circular sketch patterns, creating, 97–99 evenly spaced hole pattern, 484–485
surfaces, 545
circular thickness, 655 extension lines, 448, 449
Datum Feature tool, 563, 564
circularity tolerance, 559–560 hole patterns, 468–469
debossed text, creating, 191–194
class, threads, 383–384 hole tables, 490–491
dedendum, 655
clearance, 655 holes, 462–466
under defined entities, 11
clearance fit, 539, 628–629, 632–633 irregular surfaces, 495–496
Design Library, 381
Clearance Verification tool, 353, 355–356 leader lines, 448, 449
accessing, 390–392
closed spline, 72 linear, 448
Limits and Fits option, 539
Coincident relation icon, 5 lines, 448
nuts, 394–396
colors, 8 locating, 492–493
threads, 383
Column Width dialog box, 333 nominal size, 535–537, 549
washers, 393–394
column/s ordinate, 460, 485, 486–488
detail view, drawing, 261–262
adding to BOM (bill of materials), orthographic views, 501–502
detailed representation, threads, 384
332–333 overall, 455
detecting, interference, 350–352
width, changing on a BOM (bill of to a point, 500
dialog box
materials), 333 polar, 496–497, 535
Column Width, 333
compound lines, 237 rectangular, 533
Customize, 45, 49
compression springs, 181–182 reference, 13, 495
Documents Properties - Drafting
Concentric relation icon, 23 section views, 501
Standard, 454
conic section, sketching, 79–80 short distances, 455–457
Formatting, 330, 336
controlling, dimensions, 454–455 slots, 493–494
Make Dimension Driven?, 13
copying, entities, 100–102 standard tolerances, 461
Modify, 10, 29
counterbored holes, dimensioning, symbols and abbreviations, 498–499
New SolidWorks Document, 240, 672
469–478 unidirectional, 462
Properties/Geometric Tolerance, 564
countersink holes, dimensioning, units, 14–15, 461–462
S Key, 47
479–480 using centerlines, 502
Smart Fastener, 399
creating values, 455, 461
diameter
2D shapes, 28–31 document/s
calculating, 535–538
3D models, 25–26 part
clearance fit, 539
angular tolerances, 526–528 sketch plane, selecting, 3–8
defining, 53–54
baseline dimensions, 459, 488–490 starting, 2–3
fixed condition, 551–552
broken views, 260–261 saving, 27–28
floating condition, 550–551
exploded isometric drawings, 324–326 Documents Properties - Drafting
interference fit, 539, 540
fillets, with variable radius, 148–149 Standard dialog box, 454
major, 382
gears, 656–657, 690–691 double dimensioning, 457, 493, 528–529
minor, 381
ground ends, 183–184 Draft tool, 172–173
outside, 655
holes, 32–36, 141–142 drawing/s. See also assembly/ies
pitch, 655, 681–683
blind, 143–146 2D shape, 20–23
root, 655
inward draft sides, 132–133 abbreviations, 498–499
transition fit, 539
keyseats, 671–674, 678–679 adding dimensions, 450–454
diametral pitch, 655
limit tolerances, 525–526 auxiliary view, 262–266
Dimension Property Manager, 464
linear sketch pattern, 95–97 callouts, thread, 382–383
Dimension Text box, adding plus and
mirror entities, 92–94 cylinders, 198–200
minus symmetric tolerances,
ordinate dimensions, 460, 486–488 detail views, 261–262
524–525

764 Index
 fit callout, adding, 540–541 extending creating with a variable radius,
helix, 179–180 centerlines, 463 148–149
lay symbol, adding, 548–549 entities, 89–90 dimensioning, 493
orthographic view, 240–248 extension lines, 448, 449 sketching, 81
scale, 460–461 extension springs, drawing, 187–191 first-angle projection, orthographic
section views, 252–257 Extrude Boss/Base tool, 129–132, views, 229–230, 243, 266–268
sheet sizes, 241 134–136 fit/s, 628
sleeve bearings, 620–621 creating an outward draft, 133–134 callout, adding to a drawing, 540–541
springs, 180–181 creating inward draft sides, 132–133 clearance, 539, 628–629, 632–633
extension, 187–191 extrusion depth, defining, 132 interference, 539, 540, 630–631
torsional, 184–187 Extruded Cut tool, 137–138, 141–142, locational, 630
symbols, 498–499 203 metric, 635
threads press, 633
blind holes, 387–388 F standard, 540, 634–635
internal, 384–387 tables, 542
face width, 655
driving dimension, 13 transition, 539
fasteners, 399–400, 553 fixed condition, 551–552
fixed, 582–584
E fixed fasteners, 582–584
fixed condition, 551–552 flatness tolerances, 554–555
editing, 195 floating, 579–582 floating condition, 550–551
BOM (bill of materials), 330–331, floating condition, 550–551 floating fasteners, 579–582
683–686 screw sets, 404–405 font
cutout, 196–197 features, text changing, 85–86
dimensions, 454–455 adding, 86 changing on a BOM (bill of materials),
holes, 195–196 wrapping, 87 334–335
parts within an assembly, 347–349 Features tools, 3 Formatting dialog box, 330, 336
splines, 73 Chamfer, 153 formulas, gear, 655
title block, 336–338 defining a vertex chamfer, 155–156 fully defined entities, 8–10, 11–13
ellipse defining using an angle and a
conic section, sketching, 79–80 distance, 153–154
G
partial, sketching, 75–76 defining using two distances,
sketching, 74–75 154–155 gear/s
English units, 14–15, 542. See also Circular Sketch Pattern, 176–177 addendum, 655
metric units Curve Driven Pattern, 208–213 animating, 689–690
entities Draft, 172–173 assemblies, 674–675
center, 110–111 Extrude Boss/Base, 129–132, adding bearings, 663–666
copying, 100–102 134–136 animating the gears, 661–662
under defined, 11 creating an outward draft, 133–134 creating, 657–661
extending, 89–90 creating inward draft sides, 132–133 backlash, 655
fully defined, 11–13 extrusion depth, defining, 132 CD (center distance), 655
mirror, creating, 92–94 Extruded Cut, 137–138, 203 circular pitch, 655
moving, 18, 99–100 Fillet, 146–148 circular thickness, 655
rotating, 102–103, 151–153 creating a fillet with a variable clearance, 655
scaling, 103–104 radius, 148–149 creating, 656–657
Sketch Relations, 24–25 Face Fillet option, 150–151 dedendum, 655
splitting, 106–109 Full Round Fillet option, 151–153 diametral pitch, 655
stretching, 104–106 Hole Wizard, 138–142, 462, 466–471 face width, 655
trimming, 88 creating a blind hole, 143–146 formulas, 655
evenly spaced hole pattern, dimensioning counterbored and hub
dimensioning, 484–485 countersunk holes, 469–480 adding, 666–667
exam preparation, 715 internal threads, drawing, 384–387 threaded hole, adding, 668–671
creating assemblies, 747–749 threaded blind holes, drawing, keyseat
drawing auxiliary views, 735–737 387–388 creating, 671–674, 678–679
drawing break views, 737–738 threaded hole, drawing on the side of creating in the shaft, 676–678
drawing larger objects, 727–734 a cylinder, 406–409 creating the arc-shaped end,
drawing lines and views, 744–747 Linear Sketch Pattern, 174–175 679–680
drawing profiles, 717–721 Lofted Boss/Base, 165–168 metric, 690–691
drawing section views, 739–741, Mirror, 177–179 module, 655
742–743 Revolved Boss/Base, 156–159 number of teeth, 655
drawing small 3D objects, 721–726 Revolved Cut, 159–160 outside diameter, 655
working with cubes, 716–717 Shell, 168–169 parallel keys, 675–676
Exit Sketch mode icon, 17 Swept Boss/Base, 170–172 pitch diameter, 655, 681–683
exploded isometric assembly, creating, Wrap, 191–194 preferred pitch, 655
321–324 Fillet tool, 146–148 pressure angle, 655
exploded isometric drawing, creating, Face Fillet option, 150–151 rack and pinion, 687–689
324–326 Full Round Fillet option, 151–153 ratios, 663
Exploded View tool, 321–324, 622 fillets, 146–148 root diameter, 655

Index 765
 set screws, 666–667 threaded blind holes, 387–388 N
spur, 681 irregular surfaces, dimensioning,
New SolidWorks Document dialog box,
train, 663 495–496
240, 672
whole depth, 655 isometric drawing, creating, 324–326
nominal size, 549
working depth, 655
non-parametric modeler, 1
Geometric Tolerance tool, 565–566 J-K
normal surfaces, orthographic views,
geometric tolerances, 554, 561, 584–587
Jog Line tool, 110 233–234
ground ends, creating, 183–184
keys, 671, 675–676 Note tool, 337–338
keyseat, 671 numbers, assembly, 326–328
H
creating, 671–674, 678–679 nuts, 394–396
helix, drawing, 179–180 creating in the shaft, 676–678
hexagon, sketching, 70–72 creating the arc-shaped end, 679–680 O
hidden lines, 234–235
oblique surfaces, 238
Hole Callout tool, 477 L
offset line, sketching, 91–92
Hole Wizard tool, 32, 138–142, 462,
lay symbol, adding to a drawing, open spline, 72
466–471
548–549 ordinate dimensions, 460, 485, 486–488
internal threads, drawing, 384–387
leader lines, 448, 449 orientation
threaded blind holes, inches, 387–388
length returning to original
threaded hole, drawing on the side of a
internal thread, 401–404 using the Orientation Triad, 20
cylinder, 406–409
thread, 392–397 using the Top View tool, 20
hole/s, 32, 203–205
limit tolerance, 525–526 using the View Selector, 19–20
basis, 629–630
Line tool, 5, 22, 28, 43–44 tolerances, 566
blind, 143, 205, 466
linear dimensions, 448 Top view, 19
dimensioning, 466–471
Linear Sketch Pattern tool, 174–175 Orientation Triad, 20
threaded, 387–388
linear sketch patterns, creating, 95–97 origin, 5, 51
counterbored, dimensioning, 469–478
linear tolerance, 533 assembly, 307
countersink, dimensioning, 479–480
lines icons, 321
creating, 32–36, 141–142
compound, 237 showing, 51–52
designing given a fastener size, 553
hidden, 234–235 orthographic views, 229
dimensions, 462–466
offset, sketching, 91–92 ANSI standards, 229
editing, 195–196
precedence, 235–236 compound lines, 237
evenly spaced pattern, dimensioning,
locating dimensions, 492–493 dimensioning, 501–502
484–485
locational fit, 630 drawing, 240–248
locations, 533–535
locational tolerance, 567 first-angle projection, 229–230, 243,
patterns, dimensioning, 468–469
locational value, 11 266–268
shaft tolerance, calculating, 535–537
Lofted Boss/Base tool, 165–168 hidden lines, 234–235
tables, 490–491
moving, 249
threaded
M normal surfaces, 233–234
adding to a gear’s hub, 668–671
oblique surfaces, 238
adding to the side of a cylinder, major diameter, 382 precedence of lines, 235–236
405–409 Make Dimension Driven? dialog side view orientations, 231–232
tolerance, calculating, 538 box, 13 slanted surfaces, 236–237
virtual condition, 579 Make Fixed tool, 24 third-angle projections, 229–230, 231,
hub, gear, 666–667, 668–671 manufactured bearings, 631–632, 633 243
Mate tool, 311–316, 318–320 outside diameter, 655
I metric units, 14–15, 635 overall dimensions, 455
fit tables, 542
icon/s
gears, 690–691
Coincident relation, 5 P
threads, 382, 388–390
Concentric relation, 23
minor diameter, 381 parabola
Design Library, 391
mirror entities, creating, 92–94 conic section, sketching, 79–80
Exit Sketch mode, 17
Mirror tool, 177–179 sketching, 76–77
Line, 6
MMC (maximum material condition), parallel keys, 675–676
origin, hiding/showing, 321
557–559 parallelism tolerances, 569
Sketch toolbar, 3
Model View tool, 252–253 parallelogram, sketching, 59
inch values
Modify dialog box, 10, 29 Parallelogram tool, 59
standard fits, 540
module, 655 parametric modeler, 1
threaded blind holes, 387–388
Motion Study tool, 344–346 part document
zero limit, 521
Mouse Gestures, 44 sketch plane, selecting, 3–8
interference
accessing settings, 45–46 starting, 2–3
detecting, 350–352
for assemblies, 310–311 partial ellipse, sketching, 75–76
fit, 539, 540, 630–631, 633
assigning a tool to the wheel, 46–47 parts list, 328–329
removing, 353–355
Move Component tool, 308–309 patterns
Interference Detection tool, 349–350
moving circular, 97–99
internal threads
entities, 18, 99–100 hole, dimensioning, 468–469
inches, 384–388
orthographic views, 249 linear, 97
length, 401–404
rectangles, 19 perimeter circle, sketching, 66–67
metric, 388–390
tangent to three lines, 55–56

766 Index
 using three points, 54–55 Revolved Cut tool, 159–160 centerpoint, 67–68
Perimeter Circle tool, 54–56, 66–67 RFS (regardless of feature size), 556–559 tangent, 68–69
perpendicular tolerance, 564–565 root, 381 chamfer, 82
perpendicularity tolerances, 566–568 root diameter, 655 using angle-distance, 83
pitch, 382 Rotate Component tool, 309–310 using distance-distance – equal
circular, 655 rotating, entities, 102–103, 151–153 distance, 82
diameter, 655 Rotator assembly, 341–344 using distance-distance – not equal
diametral, 655 rounded shapes distance, 84
preferred, 655 external, 494–495 circles, perimeter, 66–67
thread, 392 internal, 493–494 conic section, 79–80
pitch diameter, 681–683 rounded surfaces, 238–240 fillets, 81
plane. See also sketch plane rows, width, changing on a BOM (bill of hexagons, 70–72
conic section, 77–78 materials), 334 parabolas, 76–77
reference, creating, 161–165 runout tolerance, 572–573 parallelograms, 59
selecting, 3–8 rectangles, 15–17
plus and minus tolerances, 519, 520, S 3 point center, 58–59
522 3 point corner, 57–58
S Key, 47
adding, 524–525 center, 56–57
activating, 48
creating, 522–523 slots
dialog box, 47
points, 87 3 point arc, 64
toolbar
polar dimensions, 496–497, 535 centerpoint arc, 65–66
customizing, 49–51
polygons, hexagon, sketching, 70–72 centerpoint straight, 63
removing a tool from, 51
positional tolerances, 573–575 straight, 61–62
saving, documents, 27–28
creating, 575–578 splines, 72–73
scaling, entities, 103–104
design problems, 584–587 Sketching tools, 110–111
schematic representation, thread/s, 384
power transmission, 653. See also gear/s 3 Point Arc Slot, 64
screw sets, 404–405, 409–410
shaft to gear, 666 Centerline, 110–111
section views, 250–251
adding a threaded hole to the gear’s Centerpoint Arc, 67–68
aligned, 258–259
hub, 668–671 Centerpoint Arc Slot, 65–66
changing the style, 257
keys, 671 Centerpoint Straight Slot, 63
dimensioning, 501
keyseat, creating, 676–680 Chamfer, 82, 83
drawing, 252–257
keyseats, 671–674 Circle, 52–54
set screws, 666–667
parallel keys, 675–676 Circular Sketch Pattern, 97–99
settings, Mouse Gestures, accessing,
set screws and gear hubs, 666–667 Copy Entities, 102
45–46
precedence of lines, 235–236 Ellipse, 73
shaft. See also gear/s; hole/s
preferred pitch, 655 Extend Entities, 89–90
basis, 629–630
preferred sizes, 543–544 Fillet, 81
clearance fit, 539
press fit, 633 Jog Line, 110
interference fit, 539, 540, 630–631
pressure angle, 655 Line, 5, 22, 28
keyseat, creating, 676–678
profile tolerances, 570–572 Linear Sketch Pattern, 95–97
MMC (maximum material condition),
Projected View tool, 249–250 Mirror Entities, 92–94
557
Properties/Geometric Tolerance dialog Move Entities, 100
nominal size, 535–537
box, 564 Offset Entities, 90–92
tolerances, 535–537 Parabola, 76–77
transition fit, 539
Q-R Parallelogram, 59
virtual condition, calculating, 579 Partial Ellipse, 75–76
rack and pinion gears, 687–689 Shell tool, 168–169 Perimeter Circle, 66–67
rectangle/s, 15 short distances, dimensioning, 455–457 Point, 87
3 point center, sketching, 58–59 side view orientations, orthographic Polygon, 71–72
3 point corner, sketching, 57–58 views, 231–232 Rotate Entities, 103
center, sketching, 56–57 simplified representation, threads, 384 Scale Entities, 103–104
dimensions, 533 Sketch mode Spline, 73
hole locations, 533–535 exiting, 17 Split Entities, 106–109
moving, 19 reentering, 17–18 Straight slot, 61–62
reorienting, 19 sketch plane Stretch Entities, 104–106
sketching, 15–17 origin, 5 Tangent Arc, 68–69
zooming, 19 returning to original orientation, 19–20 Text, 84–87
reentering, Sketch mode, 17–18 using the Orientation Triad, 20 Trim Entities, 88
reference dimension, 13, 495 using the Top View tool, 20 slanted surfaces, 236–237
Reference Geometry tool, 161, 168, 177, using the View Selector, 19–20 sleeve bearings, 619, 620
183, 191, 200, 203, 208 selecting, 3–8 drawing, 620–621
reference plane, creating, 161–165 Sketch Relations, 24–25 tolerances, 1
release block, 338 Sketch toolbar, icons, 3 using in an assembly drawing,
removing, interference, 353–355 sketching 621–622
reorienting, entities, 19 arcs slots
Revolved Boss/Base tool, 156–159 3 point, 69–70

Index 767
 3 point arc, sketching, 64 debossed, creating, 191–194 creating, 522–523
centerpoint arc, sketching, 65–66 wrapping, 87 positional, 573–578, 584–587
centerpoint straight, sketching, 63 third-angle projection, orthographic profile, 570–572
dimensioning, 493–494 views, 229–230, 243 RFS (regardless of feature size),
straight, sketching, 61–62 threaded hole, drawing on the side of a 556–559
Smart Dimension tool, 6, 8, 11–12, 17, cylinder, 405–409 runout, 572–573
23, 387, 451, 455–457 thread/s shaft, 535–537
Smart Fastener dialog box, 399 ANSI callout, 383–384 shaft basis, 629–630
Smart Fasteners tool, 398–400 bolt, 396 standard, 528
solid modeler, 1 classes, 383 standard fit, applying to an assembly
spline, 72 counterbored holes, dimensioning, drawing, 634–635
editing, 73 473–478 studies, 532
sketching, 72–73 crest, 381 maximum length, calculating, 532
splitting, entities, 106–109 depth, 476 minimum length, calculating, 533
springs detailed representation, 384 symmetric, 524–525
compression, 181–182 display styles, 392 unilateral, 519–520
drawing, 180–181 external length, inch values, 392–397 virtual condition, 578–579
extension, drawing, 187–191 form specification, 383 calculating for the hole, 579
ground ends, creating, 183–184 internal, 384 calculating for the shaft, 579
torsional, drawing, 184–187 inches, 384–388 zero limit, 521
spur gears, 681 length, 401–404 tolerances, bilateral, 520
Standard 3 View tool, 249 metric, 388–390 toolbar, S Key
standard fit, 540, 634–635 threaded blind holes, 387–388 customizing, 49–51
standard sizes, 543–544 length, 382 removing a tool from, 51
standard tolerances, 461, 528 major diameter, 382 Toolbox, bearings, 623–626
starting metric, 382 tool/s
assemblies, 305–308 minor diameter, 381 Annotation
new part document, 2–3 pitch, 382, 392 Auto Balloon, 327
straight slot, sketching, 61–62 preferred sizes, 383 Autodimension, 457–460
Straight slot tool, 61–62 root, 381 Balloon, 326–328
straightness title block, 335, 336–338 Datum Feature, 563, 564
tolerances, 555–559 tolerance/s, 519. See also fit/s Geometric Tolerance, 565–566
value, defining, 565–566 angular, 526–528 Note, 337–338
stretching, entities, 104–106 angularity, 569–570 Smart Dimension, 6, 8, 11–12, 17,
style, section views, changing, 257 assigning, 549–550 23, 387, 451, 457
surface/s bilateral, 519–520 Assembly, 305
control symbols, 545–547 circularity, 559–560 Animate Collapse, 339–340
applying, 547–548 cylindricity, 560 Clearance Verification, 353, 355–356
lay, 548–549 datum, 561–563 Interference Detection, 349–350
datum, 545, 565–566 designing a hole given a fastener size, Mate, 311–316, 318–320
finish, 544–545 553 Motion Study, 344–346
hidden lines, 234–235 double-dimensioning errors, 528–529 Move Component, 308–309
irregular, dimensioning, 495–496 expressions, 521 Rotate Component, 309–310
lay, 545 fit, 628, 635 assigning to the Mouse Gestures
normal, orthographic views, 233–234 fixed condition, 551–552 wheel, 46–47
oblique, 238 fixed fasteners, 582–584 Circle, 9
profile tolerances, 570–572 floating condition, 550–551 Exploded View, 321–324, 622
roughness, 545 floating fasteners, 579–582 Features, 3, 129
rounded, 238–240 of form, 554 Chamfer, 153–156
slanted, 236–237 flatness, 554–555 Circular Sketch Pattern, 176–177
texture, 545 straightness, 555–559 Curve Driven Pattern, 208–213
Swept Boss/Base tool, 170–172 geometric, 554, 561, 584–587 Draft, 172–173
symbols, 498–499 hole, 538 Extrude Boss/Base, 129–136
centerline, 500 hole locations, 533–535 Extruded Cut, 137–138, 203
datum, 564 interference fit, 633–634 Fillet, 146–153
surface control, 545–547 limit, 525–526 Hole Wizard, 138–142, 143–146,
applying, 547–548 linear, 533 384–387, 462, 466–471
lay, 548–549 locational, 567 Linear Sketch Pattern, 174–175
symmetrical object, 499 manufactured bearings, 631–632 Lofted Boss/Base, 165–168
symmetric tolerances, 524–525 MMC (maximum material condition), Mirror, 177–179
557–559 Revolved Boss/Base, 156–159
T of orientation, 566 Revolved Cut, 159–160
parallelism, 569 Shell, 168–169
tangent arc, sketching, 68–69 perpendicular, 564–565 Swept Boss/Base, 170–172
text perpendicularity, 566–568 Wrap, 191–194
adding, 85 plus and minus, 519, 520, 522 Hole Callout, 477
adding to a feature, 86 adding, 524–525 Hole Wizard, 32
changing font and size, 85–86

768 Index
Line, 5, 22, 28 Split Entities, 106–109 detail, drawing, 261–262
Make Fixed, 24 Straight slot, 61–62 orthographic, 229
Model View, 252–253 Stretch Entities, 104–106 ANSI standards, 229
Perimeter Circle, 54–56 Tangent Arc, 68–69 compound lines, 237
Projected View, 249–250 Text, 84–87 first-angle projection, 229–230, 243,
Rectangle, 15–17 Trim Entities, 88 266–268
Sketching, 4, 110–111 Smart Dimension, 6, 8, 11–12, 17, 23, hidden lines, 234–235
3 Point Arc Slot, 64 387, 451, 455–457 moving, 249
Centerline, 110–111 Smart Fasteners, 398–400 normal surfaces, 233–234
Centerpoint Arc, 67–68 Standard 3 View, 249 oblique surfaces, 238
Centerpoint Arc Slot, 65–66 Top View, 20 precedence of lines, 235–236
Centerpoint Straight Slot, 63 Undo, 23 side view orientations, 231–232
Chamfer, 82–83 View Orientation, 19–20, 33 slanted surfaces, 236–237
Circle, 52–54 Top sketch plane, 3, 4 third-angle projection, 229–230,
Circular Sketch Pattern, 97–99 Top View tool, 20 231, 243
Copy Entities, 102 torsional springs, drawing, 184–187 section, 250–251
Ellipse, 73 transition fit, 539 aligned, 258–259
Extend Entities, 89–90 trimming, entities, 88 changing the style, 257
Fillet, 81 drawing, 252–257
Jog Line, 110 U virtual condition, 556, 578–579
Line, 5, 22, 28 calculating for the hole, 579
Undo tool, 23
Linear Sketch Pattern, 95–97 calculating for the shaft, 579
unidirectional dimensioning, 462
Mirror Entities, 92–94
unilateral tolerance, 519–520
Move Entities, 100 W
units, 14–15, 461–462. See also English
Offset Entities, 90–92
units; metric units washers, 393–394
Parabola, 76–77
whole depth, 655
Parallelogram, 59
V working depth, 655
Partial Ellipse, 75–76
Wrap tool, 191–194
Perimeter Circle, 66–67 vertex chamfer, 155–156 wrapping text, 87
Point, 87 View Orientation tool, 19–20, 33
Polygon, 71–72 View Selector cube, 19–20
Rotate Entities, 103 X-Y-Z
views
Scale Entities, 103–104 auxiliary, drawing, 262–266 zero limit, 521
Spline, 73 broken, 259–261 zooming, rectangles, 19

Index 769