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Water

Water is a colorless, transparent liquid that is essential for life. It covers about 71% of the Earth's surface, though most is undrinkable saltwater in oceans. Only 3% of water is freshwater, with just 1% available for human use. Water is used for drinking, agriculture, cleaning, energy production, and industrial processes. It cycles through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation in a continuous process known as the water cycle. Conservation efforts like fixing leaks, limiting use, and rainwater harvesting are important to ensure a sustainable water supply.

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62 views7 pages

Water

Water is a colorless, transparent liquid that is essential for life. It covers about 71% of the Earth's surface, though most is undrinkable saltwater in oceans. Only 3% of water is freshwater, with just 1% available for human use. Water is used for drinking, agriculture, cleaning, energy production, and industrial processes. It cycles through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation in a continuous process known as the water cycle. Conservation efforts like fixing leaks, limiting use, and rainwater harvesting are important to ensure a sustainable water supply.

Uploaded by

karleepsingh1438
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Water

Water is a transparent colourless, natural resource which is essential for all known
forms of life.
➢ Two third(71%) of earth surface is covered with water. Most Of this water is
in oceans and seas. Water in the oceans and seas has Many salts dissolved in
it is the water is saline. So, it is not fit for drinking and other
domestic, agricultural and industrial needs.
➢ Only a small percentage of water available
on earth is fit for use of living beings.
Chemical formula

About 97.5% of Earth's water is in the oceans, and only about 2.5% is freshwater,

Uses of water
➢ For drinking purpose
➢ For irrigation and farming purpose
➢ For the preparation of food
➢ For cleaning and washing purposes
➢ For the production of electricity
➢ Water is used in Industries for
producing almost all the things that we use.

Where do we get water from?


Sources Of Water
❖ Rainfall
❖ Rivers
❖ Lakes
❖ Ponds
❖ Ocean and sea
❖ Ground water.
For most of the work we use ground water and
water from streams which reaches to our house through pipes.

Rainfall is the ultimate source of water.


Pure water is a poor conductor
of electricity, but it can
conduct when it contains
Water is called Universal solvent. dissolved ions or impurities.
Disappearing trick of water
We observe that the water disappears from wet clothes as they dry up.
Water from wet roads, rooftops, fields, etc. also disappears after the rain.
After mopping, the floor dries up.
When we sprinkle water over hot fry pans, the water converted in to water vapours
and disappears.
Where does this water actually go?
“Actually this water evaporates”.

Water Cycle
The process of circulating movement of water between water bodies like the ocean, rivers,
ponds, lakes and land is called the water cycle. It is also known as the hydrological cycle. In
this process, the water on the earth changes into three different states of matter – solid, liquid
and gas. The complete process of the water cycle involves the following process.
❖ Evaporation.
❖ Condensation.
❖ Precipitation.

Evaporation
The process of conversion of water into water vapours is called evaporation.
Examples:
i. Drying of wet cloths.
ii. Disappearance of water from fields, Roofs,etc. after rainfall.
iii. Drying of blackboard after wiping it.
iv. Steam rising from wet cloths while they are ironed.

Condensation
The process of conversion of water vapour in to water droplets is called condensation.
Examples:
i. Appearance of dew over the leaves during winter.
ii. Appearance of fog during winters.
iii. Water droplets on the outside of your bottle with cold water.
Precipitation
The process where the water droplets fall down due to its heavy weight is called
precipitation. It falls in the form of rain, snow, hail etc. This is the third step in the
water cycle.

Snow
Water Cycle

Transpiration
It is the loss of water from the leaves
of plants in the form of vapour.
Plants use a part of this water to prepare their
food and retain some of it in their different
parts. Remaining part of this water is released
by the plants into air, as water vapour through
the process of transpiration

Changing States of Water :

Water exists in three main states:


solid, liquid, and gas. Water changes
its states on the basis of temperature.
These states are interconvertible.
Cloud formation

❖ As we go higher from surface of the


earth, the air gets cooler.
❖ When the air moves up , it gets
cooler and cooler.
❖ At sufficient heights, the air becomes
so cool that the water vapour
present in it, condenses to form tiny
drops of water called droplets.
❖ These tiny droplets of water or ice
crystals remains floating in the air
appears to us as a cloud.
❖ Some drops of water becomes so
heavy that they begin to fall as rain,
hail or snow .
❖ Thus water in the form of vapours
goes into air by evaporation and
transpiration , forms clouds, and
What if it rains heavily What if it doesn’t rain for long time
then comes back to the ground as
Excessive rain.
rains may cause floods. Lack of rains for long periods may cause droughts.
• Soil becomes dry.
• This may rise in the level of water
• The level of water in wells goes
in lakes, ponds and rivers.
down.
• Crop fields, villages, cities may
• Difficult to get food and fodder.
get submerged by water.
• Many parts of world face water
• Floods causes extensive damage to
crises.
crops , domestic animals , property
and human

How can we conserve water?


Turn Off Taps: Make sure to turn off taps tightly after using them, so water
doesn’t keep running and get wasted.
Quick Baths: Try to take shorter baths or showers to save water.
Use a small container: Use a cup or a mug to water plants instead of using a
lot of water from a big bottle.
Tell your elders to fix up the leaks in pipes lines
Use Wisely: Remember to use water wisely and not waste it because water is
precious and we need to take care of it.
Water conservation awareness: Tell friends and family about the need for saving water.

Rainwater Harvesting
The collection of rainwater and using it effectively where it is needed is known as
rainwater harvesting.
The basic idea behind rainwater harvesting is “Catch the rain where it falls,
where it falls”.
Techniques of rainwater harvesting:
1. Rooftop rainwater harvesting: In this system the rain water is
collected from the rooftop to a storage tank, through pipes.
2. Another option is to allow water to go into the ground
directly from the roadside drains that collect rain water.

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