RISK MANAGEMENT

Risk Assessment
as Applied in
Safety and
Security
CREATED BY: MS. AILA BARCIA
Introduction
Philippine Statistic Authority (PSA) in the
2015/2016 Integrated Survey on Labor and
Employment (ISLE) which is conducted every
two years highlighted the number of
occupational accidents reached a total of
44,739 in 2015. A decline of 5.7% from the
47,440 occupational accidents reported in 2013.
Despite the reduction, the resulting
occupational injuries as an aftermath of these
occupational accidents in 2015 grew by 3.8%
from 49,118 in 2013 to 50,961.

To address this concerns, the Philippine Senate

and the house of representatives enacted
Republic Act 11058 (RA 11058) or the Act of
Strengthening Compliance with Occupational
Safety and Health (OSH) Standards and
Priciding penalties for violations.
(RA 11058) Illustrated
Ensures that all provision in
Labor Code of the
Ensure a safe and health Philippines. All domestic
Afford full protection
workplace for all working laws and internationally
people
against all hazard recognized standards on
OSH are enforced and
complied

Promote strict but

Protect every worker
dynamic, inclusive, and
against injury, sickness,
gender sensitive
or death
measures.
A. Legislated Safety and Security
Requirements
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IN COUNTRY IS
PRIMARILY GOVERNED BY THE PHILIPPINE
CONSTITUTION OF 1987
WHICH STATE THAT UNDER ARTICLE XII, SECTION 3

“THE STATE SHALL AFFORD FULL

PROTECTION TO LABOR, LOCAL
AND OVERSEAS, ORGANIZED AND
UNORGANIZED, AND PROMOTE
FULL EMPLOYMENT AND
EQUALITY OF EMPLOYMENT
OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL.”
THE LEGAL BASIS OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
AND HEALTH (OSH) LAWS IN THE
PHILIPPINES IS THE PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 442
OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE LABOR CODE
OF THE PHILIPPINES
Labor Code and DOLE
The Primary contents of Labor Code include revised and consolidated labor and social
laws to afford:
Full protection to labor
Promote employment and Human Resources Development; and
Ensure industrial peace
based on social justice.

The Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) thrust where also based on this law
which are the:
Promotion of employment and Human resources development
Maintenance of industrial peace; and
worker’s protection welfare
 DOLE
Being the lead agency in implementing and enforcing OSH policies and
practices, possesses enforcement and rule-making powers in particular with
regard to the following laws and standard:
Philippine Labor Code on Prevention, compensation:
The Administrative Code on Enforcement of Safety and Security health
Standards;
The Occupational Safety and Health Standards.
Executive Order 307 creating the occupational Safety and Health Center
under the employees compensation Commission;
Presidential Decree 626 Employees Compensation and State Insurance
Fund;
Hazard- specific laws regarding anti-sexual harassment;
RA 9165 Comprehensive Drugs Act of 2002;
RA 8504 National HIV/AIDS Law of 1998: and
RA 11058 act of strengthening compliance with occupational Safety and
Health (OSH) And Providing Penalties for Violations.
Laws and Regulation under Jurisdiction of
Government organizations other than DOLE

Department of Health (DOH): Sanitation Code;

Department of Agriculture (DOA): Fertilizer and Pesticides Act
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR): RA 6969, Ratification of
Stockholm Convention, Chemical Control Order, Mining Law (small scale and large);
RA 9185 Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002;
RA 6541 National Building Code of the Philippines;
RA 6969 Toxic Substances Act; and
RA 9231 Special Protection of children against Child Abuse, Exploitation and
Discrimination Act.
 Since the Philippines become a
Legislitiation is designed to ; member of the International Labor
Protect workers and members Organization (ILO) in 1948, It has
of the public from accident, ratified 31 ILO Conventions
injury, or loss; including some related to safety
Present advice and direction on and health.
action which needs to be taken
to optimize safety and security;
Create confidence among the
public (Domestic and
International)
Provide Penalties for breaches
and non-compliance - which
will act as motivation to comply
with what is required.
 TOURISM-RELATED
ORGANIZATION
Prepare and develop safety and security policies and
procedures in order to:
COMPLY WITH LEGISTATED REQUIREMENTS TO AVOID
PENALTIES AND CREATE GOOD CORPORATE CITIZEN
IMAGE AND GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.
REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF ACCIDENTS AND INJURY TO
AVOID CUSTOMER COMPLAINTS, REDUCTION OF REPEAT
BUSINESS, INCIDENCE OF LEGAL SUIT, DAMAGE TO
EQUIPMENT FCILITIES, AND PUBLIC ENBARRASMENTS;
PROVIDES CONSISTENT AND STANDARDIZED DEALING
WITH OR HANDLING OF COMMON OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS
AND CIRUMSTANCES.
INCREASE EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF BUSINESS
OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND PROCESSES.
REFLECT THE UNIQUE NATURE OF ORGANIZATIONS WITH
PASSION FOR DETAILS OF SAFETY AND SECURITY
PROTOCOLS; AND
FACILITATE STAFF TRAINING IN REQUIRED PRACTICES
BASED ON TRAINING NEEDS ANALYSISI AND PLANS.
SOME WAYS OF COMMUNICATING
WORKPLACE SAFETY AND SECURITY
PROTOCOLS ARE AS FOLLOWS:
New employees’ orientation program;
Mandatory safety and security training to cover all
relevant protocols to individual job roles and
responsibilities;
Townhall assemblies or similar activities as venue for
employees to raise safety and security concerns with
management;
Inclusion of safety and security a regular agenda
item in staff meetings and management meetings
creation of workplace-based safety and security
teams or committees
Inclusion of all safety and security protocols in staff
handbooks or company’s intranet
Use of personal protective clothing and equipment.
USE OF PPE IS
THE LOWEST
LEVEL IN SIX-
TIER HIERARCHY
OF CONTROLS
AVAILABLE TO
ADDRESS RISK
Six-tier
Hierarchy of
controls
available to
address risk
 Hierarchy of
controls
1. Elimination - The most effective
option: involves getting rid of the
risk/threat.
2. Substitution- The second most
acceptable methods replacing the
hazardous process/procedure or
product with the less hazardous
one.
 Hierarchy of controls
3. Isolation - means removing people from threat
or moving the danger away from people to a safe
distance,
or erecting/using a protective barrier/shield of some
kind
4. Engineering Controls- Requires changing/making
physical alternation to the workplace, site, or
processes to:
Minimize the generation of Risk
Suppress or contain the risk; and
limit the risk in should an event occur
 Hierarchy of controls
5. Administrative Controls- requiring (for
example) the business to:
Restrict access to an area or activity;
Provide assistive technology or equipment
to help with required activities /work;
Train staff as appropriate; and
Develop necessary protocols.
6. Personal protective clothing and equipment.
EXAMPLE OF PPE
 B. Provision for safety and Security Policies and
Procedure
SAFE WORK PRACTICES
May include, but not limited to regular workplace activities which employees are
expected to do, workplaces activities, duties and task employees are required to
undertake and activities tour group members are to engage in on tour.

Align with the concept of ‘safe place’ rather than ‘safe

person’- meaning the employer is obliged to make the
workplace/environment safe rather than rely on
people/human to do the right thing in order to make it
safe/ not cause accidents or injury
I. Emergency Procedure- Businesses
should develop an Emergency
Management Plan (EMP) For their
operations.
II. Dealing with death- Businesses
which conduct trips and tours will
commonly have protocols with dealing
with the death of a tour group member
while on activities or tour.
THESE POTOCOLS WILL
TRADITIONALLY COVER ACTION TO
ADDRESS REQUIREMENTS AND
DIRECTIONS IN RELATION TO:
Protecting the scene
Respecting the deceased person;
Reporting requirements to local authorities; head
office
Comforting others;
Capturing evidence information and details relating
to the events by taking photographs, making notes,
and asking for witnesses;
assisitng officials and authorities;
dealing with the media
 B. PROVISION FOR SAFETY
AND SECURITY POLICIES
AND PROCEDURE
III. PERSONAL SAFETY AND IV. GENERAL SAFETY V. CUSTOMER WITH
SECURITY SUGGESTION FOR SPECIAL NEEDS
TRAVELERS

This relates to the safety of Safe-keep travel itinerary to There is an increasing trend to
tour group members and include airline booking, those with special needs
tour staff while on tour and accommodation, and travrl engaging with travel and
plans. tourism. they do this on their
to the security of
own and often with carers and
documents, property , and
family members.
cash belonging to the
company customers
V. CUSTOMERS WITH
SPECIAL NEEDS
In the Philippines, the Magna Carta for Disabled
person was enacted in 1992 through Republic
Act 7277 (RA 7277) An Act providing for the
rehabilitation, self-development and self-
reliance of disabled person and their
integration into the mainstream of society and
for other purposes.
Businesses needs to be proactive in
responding to and effectively addressing their
special needs
VI. Travel insurance - May passenger will want to take out
travel insurance when travelling. Agencies will seek to
recommend, promote, and sell travel insurance to
optimize/profit generated from commission and to provide
reassurance for their customers.
VII. Approval from Authorities- In some cases, the business
will need to obtain approval from government authorities for
elements of propose tours.
VIII. Media Communications following an
event/incidents- All operations will seek to control their
communication with the media. This is specially the
case where there has been an event or incidents.
IX. Ethical operation of the business- Organization will
always seek to integrate ethical conduct into the
operation of their business.
C. RESOURCES
AVAILABILITY TO
SUPPORT
REQUIRED
SAFETY AND
SECURITY
PROCEDURES
I. TRAINING
It is one of the primary resources underpinning support
for required safety and security Procedures. This means
it must encompass the practical and theoretical
elements of the job for each employee/job position. The
raining must embrace the three components of
competency-based training:
Skills
Knowledge
Attitude
II. PPE
Physical resources will also be needed to
support identified safety and security and
protocol procedures

III. PLANS
Resources to suppport safety and security
protocols must also include
implimantation of a formatl risk
management process which results in the
development of:
Emergency Management Plan
Contingency Plan
 Contingency Plans are plans developed to
addrress foreseeable but unplanned problems
in given areas of the operation of a business.
They are “Plan B”.
IV. EQUIPMENT AND
SYSTEM
Organization will also use a range of
equipment and system to support required
safety and security requirements

V. DOCUMENTATION
REQUIREMENTS
Workplace will always use a variety of
documentation to support and advice staff
and customers about required safety and
security procedures.
 MODULE 2: PROVISION SAFETY AND
SECURITY INFORMATION TO
CUSTOMERS
An important aspect of following preventive safety
and security procedures is the provision of safety
and security information to customers. Tourism
and hospitality-related businesses need to be
proactive in relation to safety and security for the
following reasons:
To discharge and demonstrate compliance
with legal obligations
To give customers confidence in their choice
of provider and what they are about to
experience.
To inform, advise, assist, and educate the
customers.
 B. Designated Safety and Security Checks
In relation to the requirements to conduct regular safety and security checks, the
following generally applies:
A checklist is usually prepared to guide the actions required and ensure
nothing is missed.
the checklist may have to be completed and signed as proof the checks have
been undertaken.
An attempt should be made to ensure tour group members and others
see/know these checks are being conducted - it helps to reassure them and
also serves to deter problems.
Checks can be required multiple times per day-for example, morning and late
afternoon/early evening and/or at night.
Care should be taken -not to alarm tour group members.
Use the List below as a basis for implementing primary
control, safety and security procedures while on tour.
I. Know the starting information
II. Conduct a comprehensive pre-departure briefing
III. Walk the talk
IV. Start the Tour/Trip on time
V. Keep groups together
VI. Oversee activities and direct actions
VII. Provide personal protective clothing equipment .
VIII. Adhere to local safety and security guidelines.
IX. Comply with prepared plans for safety and security
control.
 On Suspicious Person and Abnormal
Situations
Standard procedure will exist to guide actions when on tour to investigate suspicious
persons and abnormal situations.
i. Suspicious behavior
Ex. People aimlessly floating around or loiteringin an area
without belonging to the group/tour and seemingly without
any good reason.

People found in areas where they have no right to be.

ii Abnormal situations
Ex: Missing items- including stock, materials, property,
resources, equipment.
In any of these cases, responses should embrace the
following concepts and actions:
Use Common sense
Act-never ignore a situation but always avoid
overracting
Never take action which will pose a threat/danger
to sell or the tour group- never try to be a hero.
Think before acting
Take notes and/or photographs
Notify and involve relevant others
SEEKING ASSISTANCE MIGHT MEAN CALLING
Fire department
Ambulance (Nearest hospital)
Police
Civil Defense
A normal service provider- Local Security company
Head office- or nominated “24/7” number dedicated to assisting
those on tour
Tour Leader
Security Staff
Other guides
Drivers and
Tour Assistance
Complete Documentation to record safety and security
action undertaken
If there is a need to take action on tour to address a safety and/or security issue, There
is commonly a need to record this on internal documentation.
The Following may need to be completed:

Security and safety inspection sheets and checklist-

These are the standard documents completed on a
regular basis by a tour staff
Internal daily summaries- Which provide a forum for
tour staff to record events, issues and problems,
breaches, or concerns which have been identified in the
last 24 hours.
Reports- companies can require tour employees to
complete a range of reports, such as breach reports ,
safety reports , security reports and tour reports;
Maintenance Forms- To provide the basis for initiating
repairs/service to nominated gear, equipment, and items.
Hazard Identification Form- Which are designed to record
information about an issue which has been identified as a
threat/risk. This form usually provides the basis for formal
risk management procedures to aimed at the issue which
as at the heart of the initial report.
 Tour and Travel Logs- These logs provide record of details, such
as items ( Departure and arrival; delays), dates, destinations,
mode of transport /carriers, passengers.
Checklist- is a type of form usually prepared to guide
the actions required and ensure nothing is missed.
Situational Awareness- pertains to ongoing
monitoring of the environment and vicinity
Breach- (of legislation or policy) is the breaking/
failing to comply with legislation or policy (Non-
compliance).
Likelihood- Is the probability a threat will occur.
Some emergency situation on
Tour
Bomb threat
Disturbed and unstable person
Robberies and armed holdups
Natural Calamities
Personal injury and illness
Loss of food/water