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Xponentials and Ogarithms

This document provides 16 problems involving exponential and logarithmic functions. The problems involve evaluating exponential and logarithmic expressions, solving exponential and logarithmic equations, sketching exponential and logarithmic curves, modeling exponential growth and decay, and solving applied problems involving exponential models.

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thewiltedlotus
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20 views2 pages

Xponentials and Ogarithms

This document provides 16 problems involving exponential and logarithmic functions. The problems involve evaluating exponential and logarithmic expressions, solving exponential and logarithmic equations, sketching exponential and logarithmic curves, modeling exponential growth and decay, and solving applied problems involving exponential models.

Uploaded by

thewiltedlotus
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PMT

EXPONENTIALS AND LOGARITHMS

1 Find, to 3 significant figures, the value of


a e3 b e−2 c 5e d ln 0.55 e 3
7
ln 100 f log10 e

2 Without using a calculator, find the value of


1 ln 9
1
a eln 4 b e2 c 2e−ln 6 d ln e7 e ln f 5 ln e−0.1
e

3 Find the value of x in each case.


a eln x = 4 b ln ex = 17 c e2 ln x = 25 d e−ln x = 1
3

4 Solve each equation, giving your answers in terms of e.


a ln x = 15 b 1
2
ln t − 3 = 0 c ln (x − 4) = 7
d 17 − ln 5y = 9 e ln ( 12 x + 3) = 2.5 f ln (4 − 3x) − 11 = 0

5 Solve each equation, giving your answers in terms of natural logarithms.


a ex = 0.7 b 9 − 2e y = 5 c e5x − 3 = 0
d e4t + 1 = 12 e 1
2
e2x − 3 − 7 = 0 f 2e4 − 5x + 9 = 16

6 Solve each equation, giving your answers to 2 decimal places.


1 y+3
a 1
3
ex = 4 b ln (15x − 7) = 4 c 4e 2 = 11
d 3
7
ln (5 − 2x) − 1 = 0 e ln (10 − 3y) – e = 0 f ln x2 + ln x3 = 19
− 14 x
g e2x = 3e h e5t = 4e2t + 1 i ln (2x − 5) − ln x = 1
4

7 Find, in exact form, the solutions to the equation


2e2x + 12 = 11ex.

8 a Simplify
3 x 2 − 10 x + 8
.
x2 − 5x + 6
b Hence, solve the equation
ln (3x2 − 10x + 8) − ln (x2 − 5x + 6) = ln 2x.

9 Solve the following simultaneous equations, giving your answers to 2 decimal places.
e5y − x = 0
ln x4 = 7 − y

10 Sketch each pair of curves on the same diagram, showing the coordinates of any points of
intersection with the coordinate axes.
a y = ex b y = 2ex c y = 2 + ex
y = e−2x y = ex − 1 y = e2x + 1
d y = ex e y = −ln x f y = ln (x − 2)
y = ln x y = 2 + ln x y = ln 3x

 Solomon Press
PMT

EXPONENTIALS AND LOGARITHMS continued

11 a Sketch on the same diagram the curves y = ln (x + 1) and y = 1 + ln x.


1
b Show that the x-coordinate of the point where the two curves intersect is .
e −1

12 y

y = 3 + e2x − 1

y=c

O x

The diagram shows the curve with the equation y = 3 + e2x − 1 and the asymptote of the curve
which has the equation y = c.
a State the value of the constant c.
b Find the exact coordinates of the point where the curve crosses the y-axis.
c Find the x-coordinate of the point on the curve where y = 7, giving your answer in the form
a + ln b, where a is rational and b is an integer.

13 A quantity N is decreasing such that at time t


N = 50e−0.2t.
a Find the value of N when t = 10.
b Find the value of t when N = 3.

14 A radioactive substance is decaying such that its mass, m grams, at a time t years after initial
observation is given by
m = 240ekt,
where k is a constant.
Given that when t = 180, m = 160, find
a the value of k,
b the time it takes for the mass of the substance to be halved.

15 A quantity N is increasing such that at time t


N = 20e0.04t.
a Find the value of N when t = 15.
b Find, in terms of the constant k, expressions for the value of t when
i N = k,
ii N = 2k.
c Hence, show that the time it takes for the value of N to double is constant.

16 A quantity N is decreasing such that at time t


N = N0ekt.
Given that at time t = 10, N = 300 and that at time t = 20, N = 225, find
a the values of the constants N0 and k,
b the value of t when N = 150.

 Solomon Press

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