SOUTH EAST ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, INC.

National Highway, Crossing Rubber, Tupi, South Cotabato

GENERAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

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LEARNING MODULE
FOR
GEE3: Living in the IT Era
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Week 4
 WEEK 4

THE WEB AND THE INTERNET

Overview
Internet is defined as an information superhighway, to access information over the web.
However, it can be defined in many ways, internet is a world-wide global system of
interconnected computer networks.

Meaning and Significance

The Web
The Web (World Wide Web) consists of information organized into Web pages
containing text and graphic images. The World Wide Web is larger collection of
interconnected documents or content. It contains hypertext links, or highlighted
keywords and images that lead to related information. A collection of linked Web pages
that has a common theme or focus is called a Web site. The main page that all of the
pages on a particular Web site are organized around and link back to is called the site’s
home page. Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee OM KBE FRS FREng FRSA FBCS, also
known as TimBL, is an English engineer and computer scientist best known as the
inventor of the World Wide Web. He is a Professorial Fellow of Computer Science at the
University of Oxford and a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

A. Web 1.0 (Read Only Static Web)

It is an old internet that only allows people to read from the internet. First stage
worldwide linking web pages and hyperlink. Web is use as “information portal”. It uses
table to positions and align elements on page.

• Most read only web. If focused on company’s home pages.

• Dividing the world wide web into usable directories
• It means web is use as “Information Portal”
• It started with the simple idea “put content together”

Example of Web 1.0

• Mp3.com
• Home Page
• Directories
 • Page Views • HTML/Portals.

Disadvantages
• Read only web
• Limited user interaction
• Lack of standards

B. Web 2.0 (Read-write interactive web)

A term used to describe a new generation of Web services and applications with an
increasing emphasis on human collaboration.

• It is a platform that gives users the possibility (liberty) to control their data.
• This is about user-generated content and the read-write web.
• People are consuming as well as contributing information through blogs or sites.
• Allows the user to interact with the page known as DYNAMIC PAGE; instead of
just reading a page, the user may be able to comment or create a user account.
Dynamic page refers to the web pages that are affected by user input or
preference.
• Is focused on the ability for people to collaborate and share information online via
social media, blogging and Web-based communities.

Example of Web 2.0 are the following:

A. Social Networking - is the use of Internet-based social media sites to stay

connected with friends, family, colleagues, customers, or clients. Social
networking can have a social purpose, a business purpose, or both, through sites
such as:

Example
Facebook Pinterest
Twitter Tumbler
LinkedIn Instagram
Google+ Page

B. Blogs - is a discussion or informational website published on the World Wide

Web consisting of discrete, often informal diary-style text entries (posts). Posts
are typically displayed in reverse chronological order, so that the most recent
post appears first, at the top of the web page.

Example
Wordpress Blogger Tumbler

C. Wikis - is a hypertext publication collaboratively edited and managed by its own

audience directly using a web browser. A typical wiki contains multiple pages for
 the subjects or scope of the project and may be either open to the public or
limited to use within an organization for maintaining its internal knowledge base.

Example:
Wikipedia Wikivoyage
Wikibooks Wikidata
Wikiversity Wikinews
Commons Wikispecies
Wiktionary MediaWiki

A. Video Sharing Sites - a website that lets people upload and share their video
clips with the public at large or to invited guests.

Example:
Youtube Photobucket
Facebook Twitter
LinkedIn Veoh
Flickr Dailymotion
Photobucket VimeoPRO
LinkedIn Myspace.com
Flickr Metacafe
Key Features of Web 2.0:

• Folksonomy – allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information

using freely chosen keywords (e.g. tagging).
• Rich User Interface – content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s
input. An example would be a website that shows local content.
• User Participation – the owner of website is not the only one who is able
to put content. Others are able to place a content on their own by means
of comments, reviews, and evaluation.
• Long Tail – services are offered on demand rather than on a one-time
purchase. This is synonymous to subscribing to a data plan that charges
you for the amount of time you spent on Internet or a data plan that
charges you for the amount of bandwidth you used.
Web 3.0: (Read-write intellegent web)
 Suggested name by John Mark of New York Times for the third generation of the
web.
 In this generation, all the application on the web or mobile will be upgraded with
more features. It applies same principles as web 2.0: two-way interaction.
Web 3.0 will be more connected, open, and intelligent, with semantic learning,
machine reasoning and autonomous agents.
 Semantic Web- provides a framework that allows data to be shared and reuse to
deliver web content speciffically targeting the user.
 It is a web data.
  Changing the web into language that can be read and categorized by the system
rather humans.

Types of websites:
Ecommerce Website- is a website people can directly by products from you’ve probably
used a number of ecommerce websites before, most big shopping cart and a way for
you to provide credit card information to make a purchaces falls into this category.
Business Website- is any website that devoted to presenting a specific business. It
should be branded like the business(the same logo and positioning) and communicate
the types of products and or services the business officers.
Entertainment Website
If you think about your internet browsing habits, you can probably think of a few
websites that you visit purely for the entertainment purposes.
Portfolio Website- are sited devoted to showing examples of past work. Service
providers who want to show potential clients the quality of the work they provide can
use a portfolio website to collect some of the best samples of past work they’ve done.
This type of website is simpler to build than a business website and more focused on a
particular task: collecting work samples.
Media Website- collect news stories or other reporting. There is some overlap here with
entertainment website, but media websites are more likely to include reported pieces in
addition to or instead of content meant purely for entertainment.
Brochure Website are a simplified form of business websites. For businesses that
know they need an online presence, but don’t want to invest a lot into it (maybe you’re
confident you’ll continue to get most of your business from other sources), a simple
brochure site that includes just a few pages that lay out the basics of what you do and
provide contact information may be enough for you.

• Nonprofit Website
In the same way that businesses need websites to be their online
presence, nonprofits do as well. A nonprofit website is the easiest way for
many potential donors to make donations and will be the first place many
people look to learn more about a nonprofit and determine if they want to
support it.

 Educational Website
The websites of educational institutions and those offering online courses
fall into the category of educational websites. These websites have the
primary goal of either providing educational materials to visitors or
providing information on an educational institution to them.

 Infopreneur Website websites overlap a bit with business and

eCommerce websites, but they represent a unique type of online
business. Infopreneurs create and sell information products. That could
be in the form of courses, tutorials, videos or eBooks.
 Personal Website
 Not all websites exist to make money in some way or another. Many
people find value in creating personal websites to put their own thoughts
out into the world. This category includes personal blogs, vlogs, and photo
diaries people share with the world.
 Web Portal are often websites designed for internal purposes at a
business, organization, or institution. They collect information in
different formats from different sources into one place to make all
relevant information accessible to the people who need to see it.
They often involve a login and personalized views for different
users that ensure the information that’s accessible is most useful to
their particular needs.
 Wiki or Community Forum Website
Most people are familiar with wikis through the most famous example of
one out there: Wikipedia. But wikis can be created on pretty much any
subject you can imagine. A wiki is any website where various users are
able to collaborate on content and all make their own tweaks and changes
as they see fit. There are wikis for fan communities, for business
resources, and for collecting valuable information sources.

The Internet

The Internet or “net” (network of network) is the largest computer network in the world
that connects billions of computer user. The word internet comes from combination
between “interconnection” and “network”. Network is a collection of computers and
devices connected via communication channels and transmission media allow to share
resources (hardware, software, data, and information). Generally, nobody owns the
internet.

A. Brief History of Internet

ARPA – Advanced Research Project Agency January 2, 1969 – started an experimental
computer network. Concept – No server, but equal importance/participation to every
computer in the network. Even if, one or two node destroyed that will now affect the
network. In 1982 the word internet started. 1986 – First “free net” created in Case
Western Reserve University 1991: US government allowed business agencies to
connect to internet. Now all people can connect to the internet and improve their life and
work quality. The internet support various aspects in our life. Vinton Gray Cerf Former
is an American Internet pioneer and is recognized as one of "the fathers of the
Internet", sharing this title with TCP/IP co-developer Bob Kahn.

B. Major Components of the Internet

1. Servers – is a computer program that provides service to another computer program

and its user.

Types of Servers
Application Server – a program in computer that provides the business
logic for an application program.
Web Server – a computer program that serves requested HTML pages or
files.
Proxy Server – is a software that acts as an intermediary between an
endpoint device, such as computer and another server
from which a user is requesting.
Mail Server – is an application that receives incoming e-mail from local
users and remote senders and forward outgoing e-mail for
delivery

File Server – is a computer responsible for central storage and management of data
files so that other computer on the same network can access them.
1. Policy Server – is a security component of a policy – based network that
provides authorization services and facilities tracking and
control of files.
2. IP Address (Internet Protocol) – is a numerical label assigned to each
device. This provides identity to a
network device.
3. Browser – is an application program that provides a way to look
information on the web.

Example of browsers: Google chrome, safari, internet explorer, opera, Mozilla

4. Domain Name System (DNS) – is the phonebook of internet. We access

information online through domain names.

Example of DNS: www.facebook.com, www.pup.edu.ph,www.academia.edu

Name Entity
.com commercial
.org organization
.net network
.edu education
.gov National and State Government
Agencies
.ph Philippines
.au Australia
 5. Internet Service Provider (ISP) – is an organization that provides services for
accessing, using or participating in the
internet.
Two types of ISP:

National ISP – provided internet access to a specific geographic

area.
Regional ISP – business that provides internet access in cities and
towns nationwide.

Example of ISP: Sky Broadband, PLDT, Converge

C. Uses of Internet
• Look for information
• School works, jobs, and home purposes
• Send and receive electronic mail
• Video teleconferencing (video call, video chat)
• Buy and sell product
• Social networking
• Watch & post videos
• Games
• Take college courses
• Monitor home while away
• Financial transactions
• Download music and movies

D. Internet Terms and Definition

• Internet - A global network of thousands of computer networks linked by data

lines and wireless systems.
• Web – a collection of billions of webpages that you can view with a web browser
• Email – the most common method of sending and receiving messages online
• Social media – websites and apps that allow people to share comments, photos,
and videos

• Online gaming – games that allow people to play with and against each other
over the Internet
• Software updates – operating system and application updates can typically
downloaded from the Internet
HTML - Hypertext Markup Language is a coding language used to tell a browser how
to place pictures, text, multimedia and links to create a web page. When a user clicks

• on a link within a web page, that link, which is coded with HTML, links the user to
a specific linked web page.
 • URL - Uniform Resource Locator is a web address used to connect to a remote
resource on the World Wide Web.
• Bit - is a single digit in the binary numbering system (base 2). For example: 1 is a
bit or 0 is a bit.
• Byte - generally consists of eight bits.
• Upload - To upload is to transfer data from your computer to another computer.
• Download - To download is to transfer data from another computer to your
computer.
• HTTP - is the acronym for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, the data communication
standard of web pages. When a web page has this prefix, the links, text, and
pictures should work correctly in a web browser.
• HTTPS - is the acronym for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure. This indicates
that the web page has a special layer of encryption added to hide your personal
information and passwords from others.
• Router or router-modem combination is the hardware device that acts as the
traffic cop for network signals arriving at your home or business from your ISP. A
router can be wired or wireless or both.
• Encryption - is the mathematical scrambling of data so that it is hidden from
eavesdroppers. Encryption uses complex math formulas to turn private data into
meaningless gobbledygook that only trusted readers can unscramble.
• Web Bot - A term that applies to programs/applets (macros and intelligent
agents) used on the Internet. Such bots perform a repetitive function, such as
posting messages to multiple newsgroups or doing searches for information.
Search Engine - specialized software, such as Google and Yahoo, that lets www
browser users search for information on the web by using keywords, phrases.

ACTIVITY #4
 (To be submitted next week)

Discussion Points and Exercise Questions

Activity 1.1: Graphic Organizer (Series of event Chain) 50 points

Direction: Using graphic organizer (Series of event Chain) elaborate cogently the history of
Internet. Write your answer on a clean sheet of paper.

History of the INTERNET

CATEGORY Exemplary Proficient Unsatisfactory
(25pts) (15pts) (10pts)
Arrangement of Concepts Main concept easily Main concept easily Main concept not clearly
identified; subconcepts identified; most identified; subconcepts
branch appropriately from subconcepts branch from don’t consistently branch
main idea main idea. from main idea.
Links and Linking Lines Linking lines connect Most linking lines connect Linking lines not always
related terms/point in properly; most linking pointing in correct
correct direction; linking words accurately describe direction; linking words
words accurately describe the relationship between don’t clarify relationships
relationship between concepts; most hyperlinks between concepts;
concepts; hyperlinks effectively used. hyperlinks don’t function
effectively used or fail to enhance the
topic.
Graphics Graphics used Graphics used Graphics used
appropriately; greatly appropriately most of the inappropriately and
enhance the topic and aid time; most graphics excessively; graphics
in comprehension; are selected enhance the poorly selected and don’t
clear, crisp and well topic, are of good quality, enhance the topic; some
situated on the page. and are situated in logical graphics are blurry and ill-
places on the page. placed.
Content Reflects essential Reflects most of the Contains extraneous
information; is logically essential information; is information; is not
arranged; concepts generally logically logically arranged;
succinctly presented; no arranged; concepts contains numerous
misspellings or presented without too spelling and grammatical
grammatical errors many excess words; errors.
fewer than three
misspellings or
grammatical errors.
Text Easy to read/ Most text is easy to read; Font too small to read
appropriately sized; no uses no more than four easily; more than four
more than three different different fonts; amount of different fonts used; text
fonts; amount of text is text generally fits amount is excessive for
appropriate for intended intended audience. intended audience.
audience; boldface used
for emphasis.
Rubrics

Activity 1.2: Written Exercises

Direction: Answer the following questions cogently but honestly. Write your answers in the
space provided. Each number answer corresponds 20 points.

1. Explain what is Web and Internet and explain their importance in our daily lives.
2. What would be the implication if our country experience a sudden loss of Internet connection?

3. Are you satisfied with the internet connection that we have in our country? Yes or No? Justify
your answer

4. How important the Internet connection in the New Normal way of education?

Assessment Tool: Holistic Rubric

Select from 1-5, wherein 1 is the lowest and 5 would be the highest score.

1. Clarity in Defining the Topic

____________________
2. Reasoning
_____________________
3. Technical Writing Skills
____________________
4. Creative and Aesthetic Appeal of the Presentation _____________________
Total Score
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End of fourth week

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