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Primary Memory

RAM is a type of primary memory that temporarily stores data for quick access by the processor. It is volatile and loses data when power is turned off. ROM is also primary memory but is permanent and cannot be modified. Secondary memory like hard drives and optical disks store data and programs permanently even when power is off but provide slower access than primary memory. Output devices communicate the results of processing to make data human-readable. Software is organized instructions that control hardware and allow users to perform tasks, with system software running the computer and application software for specific tasks.

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17 views

Primary Memory

RAM is a type of primary memory that temporarily stores data for quick access by the processor. It is volatile and loses data when power is turned off. ROM is also primary memory but is permanent and cannot be modified. Secondary memory like hard drives and optical disks store data and programs permanently even when power is off but provide slower access than primary memory. Output devices communicate the results of processing to make data human-readable. Software is organized instructions that control hardware and allow users to perform tasks, with system software running the computer and application software for specific tasks.

Uploaded by

amnamalik5155
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Primary Memory:-

1. RAM: Random Access Memory (RAM) is a memory scheme within the


computer
system responsible for storing data on a temporary basis, so that it can be
promptly
accessed by the processor as and when needed. It is volatile in nature, which
means
that data will be erased once supply to the storage device is turned off. RAM
stores
data randomly and the processor accesses these data randomly from the RAM
storage. RAM is considered "random access" because you can access any
memory
cell directly if you know the row and column that intersect at that cell.
2. ROM (Read Only Memory): ROM is a permanent form of storage. ROM stays
active regardless of whether power supply to it is turned on or off. ROM
devices
do not allow data stored on them to be modified.
Secondary Memory:-
Stores data and programs permanently :its retained after the power is turned
off
1. Hard drive (HD): A hard disk is part of a unit, often called a "disk drive,"
"hard drive," or "hard
disk drive," that store and provides relatively quick access to large amounts of
data on an
electromagnetically charged surface or set of surfaces.
2. Optical Disk: an optical disc drive (ODD) is a disk drive that uses laser light as
part of the process
of reading or writing data to or from optical discs. Some drives can only read
from discs, but recent
drives are commonly both readers and recorders, also called burners or writers.
Compact discs,
DVDs, and Blu-ray discs are common types of optical media which can be read
and recorded by
such drives.

Output devices:
An output device is any piece of computer hardware equipment used to
communicate
the results of data processing carried out by an information processing system
(such
as a computer) which converts the electronically generated information into
humanreadable form.

Software:
Software is a generic term for organized collections of computer data and
instructions,
often broken into two major categories: system software that provides the
basic nontask-specific functions of the computer, and application software
which is used by
users to accomplish specific tasks
. A. System software is responsible for controlling, integrating, and managing
the
individual hardware components of a computer system so that other software
and
the users of the system see it as a functional unit without having to be
concerned
with the low-level details such as transferring data from memory to disk, or
rendering text onto a display.
B. Application software is used to accomplish specific tasks other than just
running
the computer system. Application software may consist of a single program,
such
as an image viewer; a small collection of programs.

Uses of computers
Computers are used for a wide range of tasks, including data
processing, storage and retrieval, communication,
entertainment, education, research, and many others. Some
common specific uses of computers include: Word processing
and other office tasks. Web browsing and internet
communication.
Computers are used at homes for several purposes like online
bill payment, watching movies or shows at home, home
tutoring, social media access, playing games, internet access,
etc. They provide communication through electronic mail.
It has the ability to store, retrieve, and process data. You may
already know that you can use a computer to type documents,
send email, play games, and browse the Web. You can also
use it to edit or create spreadsheets, presentations, and even
videos.

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