CRUZ JULIAN MASE NUEZA NARES TINO REBONZA

Technology
AS A WAY OF REVEALING
 OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, the students should be
able to:
1. Explain the concept of human condition before science
technology;
2. Identify the change that happened in human condition
after science and technology; and
3. Name ways on how technology aided in revealing the
truth about the human being
Comparing the lives of the people
before and now will make anyone
realize the changes that happened
in society not just in terms of
culture, language, or rights but
more importantly, changes in
people's way of life due to the
existence of science and
technology.
It is a challenge for people in the
field of science and technology to
make these technology more
accessible and less confusing for
people who are not as young
anymore.
 In addition people live easier
with technology, develop the
skills of people and makes the
people enjoy to see what feature
of technology may cause to the
lives of people.
The Human Condition
Before Common Era
REPORTER: MR. CRUZ
STONE AGE
HOMO ERECTUS discovered fire by chipping
stones without realizing the laws of friction
and heat. They used fire for cooking

HOMO SAPIENS began to sharpen stones used

in hunting. I.e. Wedge.

This period to be difficult in our ancestors.

There are no written accounts except for cave
drawings and unearthed artifacts.
There are several figures that thought to be
ceremonial to honor deity. The initial roster
of primitive Gods includes objects they
encounter through their day-to-day lives
that's why they have different Gods.

Primitive Gods includes elephants and

mammoths in their hunting ground.
 Mountain Gods
Mountain Gods to explain wind currents and
ask for provisions.

Water Gods
Water Gods to ask for a good catch, and
genetic Gods such as the sun.
Metal Age
Period Ancient people discovered minerals and
began forging metal works. They
discover that these are more durable,
malleable and have more luster than the
previous materials.
The human condition in the
common era
•The humans of today are much better off compared
to humans several centuries ago. Advancements in
medicine, technology, health, and education ushered
in humanity's improvement.

•Improvements in human condition are seen in:

•Mortality rate
•Average lifespan
•Literacy rate
 The human
CONDITION
IN THE COMMON ERA
REPORTER: MS. NUEZA
The Stages of
Evolution of Human Earliest case of man-made extinction occurred
Condition During over 12,000 years ago, possibly brought upon
Common Era by hunting and territorial disputes.

The Holocene extinction, also called the sixth

extinction or more aptly Anthropocene extinction,
occurred from as early as between 100,000 to
200,000 years up to the present.

humans were quick to find ways to drive off

other megafaunas threatening a prospective
hunting spot and eventually, settling grounds.
The Stages of Evolution of Human
Condition During Common Era
Growing population also necessitated finding additional
resources, leading to overhunting and overfishing
common prey, some of which were endemic to the area.

Formation of communities caused humans to expand

more in territory and more people to feed;

Albeit waging wars with other tribes seemed to be the early

solution, they were able to find out some 5,000 years ago that
engaging in a peaceful negotiation was also a possible and less
bloody method.
 they began to hunt, farm,
and produce things with
prospect of profit.

e r e e x c h a n g e d , r a n g in g
Products of every kind w t t le ,
s u c h a s c r o p s , c a
from necessary ones , u p
a n d c lo t h in g m a t e r ia ls
poultry, others of kind, e s ,
o r ie s , w e a p o n s , s p ic
to metals, access
litera t u r e , a n d e n t e r t a in m e n t .
 The Stages of
Evolution of
Human
When they could not sell products, Condition
they used their skills and got
compensated for it-bringing forth a
During Common
specialized group of artisans. Era

The primary goal was not merely to

survive, but to live the good life.
 Common Era with
the Presence of
Technology
Technology has been instrumental in all of these
because in searching for the good life, people were
able to come up with creations that would make life
easier, more comfortable, and more enriching.
Common Era with the Presence of Technology
Such intricacies are also evident in the machines created and
causes endeavored by the people of long ago.

Medicine was thus born, although it would take a

considerably long time before it part ways with potion.

Due to differing races, belief, or abundance of resources

and/or territory, wars were always being waged, leading
communities to allocate resources to the militia.
Common Era with the Presence of
Technology
Physical strength was valued at most, although there appeared to be
as many intellectually gifted figures just the same.
Innovators were primarily the ones behind discoveries and triumphs of
these civilizations.
Position-wise, the humans of today are much better off compared to
humans several centuries ago.
Advancements in medicine, technology, health, and education ushered in
humanity's best yet, and show no sign of stopping.
 Some of the notable
comparisons then and now:

(1) Mortality Rate - Due to technology, lesser

women and children die during birth, assuring
robust population and strong workforce. Medical
care for premature infants allows them to
survive and develop normally, while proper
maternal care ensures that mothers can fully
recover and remain empowered.
Some of the notable
comparisons then and now:

(2) Average Lifespan - Aside from the reason

that people engage less in combat and are less
likely to die in treatable diseases now as opposed
to then, science is able to prolong lives by
enhancing living status and discovering different
remedies to most diseases. Distribution of
medicines is also made easier and faster.
Some of the notable
comparisons then and now:

(3) Literacy Rate - Access to education

provided to more individuals generally creates
a more informed public that could determine a
more just society.
Some of the notable
comparisons then and now:
(4) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) -
Although not an indicator of an average
person's lifestyle in a certain country, it is
often used to determine the value of the
country's goods and services produced within
the territory given a certain time period.
Higher country income is brought upon by high
productivity, often an indicator of presence
of technology.
THE ESSENCE OF
TECHNOLOGY
REPORTER: MR. REBONZA
The Essence of
technology

Humanity has indeed come a long way

from our primitive ways, and as a
general rule, it is said that we are more
“developed” than we were before.
Modern humans are reliant on
technology in their search for good life.
The Essence of
technology

In retrospect, this view of technology

proves to be goal-oriented. It assumes
that it is instrumental in achieving a goal
in mind, that it is a purposeful, deliberate
craft humans steer in order to reach
some greater good.
The Essence of
technology
In the advent of postmodernism,
however, the deterministic view
appended to technology crumbled as
people began to question if anything
is deterministic at all.
QUESTIONS
01. APART FROM ITS PURPOSE,
WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY?

02. WAS THE HISTORY OF TECHNOLOGY

BROUGHT PURPOSEFUL CHOICES FOR
MAN IN HIS SEARCH FOR THE
ULTIMATE GOOD?
The Essence of
technology

One philosopher by the name of Martin

Heidegger argued that its essence, or
purpose, and being are different from each
other. He was able to expound on this point
upon identifying that technology can be
perceived.
The 2 perspective of technology
according to Martin Heidegger:

1ST 2nd

It is a means It constitute
to achieve human
man’s end. activity
The 2 perspective of technology
according to Martin Heidegger:

The second perspective paints technology in such a

way that each period reveals a particular character
regarding’s man’s being. A characteristic design, or
flaw, unfolds based on the repercussions brought
upon immersing ourselves with a piece of new
technology. In effect, through technology, a myriad
of new questions begins to mount.
The Essence of
technology
Rather than thinking that humans
have a clear idea of what to expect in
a good life, it can be stated that
technology allows humans to confront
the unknown and see how they would
react.
The Essence of
technology
This is not a good thing altogether
though, for technological revelation is
but one of the many ways to perceive
the world. However, as long as humans
are invested in growth and
development, we cannot distance
ourselves from this perspective.
The Essence of
technology
In the name of growth, we vent on
attributing monetary value on
seemingly priceless entities. We begin
to categorize nature as renewable and
non-renewable instead of seeing it as
it is.
The Essence of
technology
Humans are reduced into the amount
of productivity they are able to render
during their lifetime, and our current
mindset is geared toward which
would utilize our own skills.
The Essence of
technology
A good life is one which is practical in
essence; a life which makes use of our
labor and which we get compensated
fairly upon. It is no wonder that the
sciences are one of tthe most sought
after courses, for the opportunities are
plenty and the resources are bountiful.
The Essence of
technology
This is the danger presented by too
much reliance on technology. Humans
lose track of things that matter,
reducing their surroundings to their
economic value.
The Essence of
technology
As this presents strong backing by the
sciences whose reverence is also
brought upon our deluded
enchantment with technology, it will
prove to be a herculean task to distance
ourselves from this perspective and
consider alternatives.
The Essence of technology
After all, it was science and technology
that gave us explanations, which worked
for us and benefited us. Rejecting a
working, tried-and-tested process seems
foolish, more so, knowing that there are
no options of equal value.
 The Essence of
technology
It will be absurd to venture the dark
and the unknown, but it should be
done in order for us to retrace our
steps to be able to achieve the
“Good”.
 BACKTRACKING
THE HUMAN CONDITION
REPORTER: MS. TINO

Report in
 h a t I s b a c k t r a c t ?
W
It means to go back or to retrace
the past. If we are to do this, we
can exactly say that there are lots
of differences from the past and the
following histories that happened,
until now.
The human condition can
be defined as the
characteristics and key
events of human life,
including birth, learning,
emotion, aspiration,
morality, conflict, and
death.
The technology's initial promises were
indeed fulfilled, leading to overall
improvements in the human condition.
These improvements were primarily seen in
enhanced comfort, significant scientific
advancements, and better lifestyles for
those with the means to access them.
 Vital Roles of Machinery
extending human lives and addressing various
challenges.
It aids individuals with disabilities, enhances
efficiency in industries, and supports space
exploration for potential habitable alternatives as
Earth's resources dwindle.
However, despite technological advancements, some regions continue
to struggle with daily survival due to factors like diseases, tribal conflicts,
limited habitable land, and resource competition. Regrettably, conflicts
rooted in race, beliefs, and resource abundance persist, albeit on a
global scale, mirroring historical aims and challenges.
Many people use religion or science to
explain the unknown. Whether through
religion or science, individuals seek to
make sense of the world's events and
find meaning in their lives. This quest
may involve discovering values like
honor, strength, or merit.
People are continually searching for
elements that provide purpose to their
existence.
Technology, while valuable, may not
always assist in this philosophical pursuit of
life's meaning.
The human condition appears to have
evolved in sophistication but fundamentally
remains unchanged.To bring about
meaningful change, a shift in perspective
is necessary.
While technology has offered a compelling view of truth and
goodness, it's essential to seek a deeper understanding.

One way to do this is by exploring alternative concepts of the

Good, like Aristotle's idea of human flourishing.

Aristotle's concept emphasizes holistic personal development

within society and the role of virtues in achieving a good life.

Technological advancements are outpacing moral considerations,

and this aspect is often overlooked in the pursuit of the good life.
 Aristotelian Flourishing
He posited that we are supposed to
cultivate good character in order for our
souls to flourish — a state that transcends
superficial happiness. The notion of
Aristotelian virtue ethics was founded on
the premise that all men have the
potential for virtue and character
excellence.
THE GOOD LIFE
 OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Examine what is meant by a good life;
2. Identify how humans attempt to attain what is deemed to
be a good life; and
3. Recognize possibilities available to human being to attain
the good life.
INRODUCTION
Reporter: Ms. Mase
 In Ancient Greece, long
before the word "science"
has been coined, the need
to understand the world
and reality was bound
with the need to
understand the self and
the good life.
 For Plato, the task of
understanding the things
in the world runs parallel
with the job of truly
getting into what will
make the soul flourish.
 It was Aristotle who gave a definitive distinction
between the theoretical and practical sciences.

theoretical sciences practical sciences

Logic, biology,
physics, and ethics and
metaphysics, among politics.
others.

Whereas "truth" is the aim of the theoretical sciences, the "good"

is the end goal of the practical ones.
ARISTOTLE AND HOW
WE ALL ASPIRE FOR
A GOOD LIFE
Reporter: Ms. Mase
Aristotle: Happiness

Plato who thought that things in

this world are not real and are
only copies of the real in the
world of forms

Aristotle puts everything back

to the ground in claiming that
this world is all there is to it
and that this world is the only
reality we can all access.
For Plato, change is so perplexing
that it can only make sense if there
are two realities: the world of
forms and the world of matter.

Plato recognized change as a

process and as a phenomenon that
happens in the world, that in fact, it
is constant.

However, Plato also claims that

despite the reality of change, things
remain and they retain their
ultimate "whatness"
Plato was convinced that reality
is full of these seemingly
contrasting manifestations of
change and permanence.

For Plato, this can only be

explained by postulating two
aspects of reality, two worlds if
you wish: the world of forms and
the world of matter.
 matter
things are changing and
impermanent.

form
the entities are only
copies of the ideal and
the models, and the
forms/are the only real
entities.
 Aristotle, for his part,
disagreed with his teacher's
position and forwarded the
idea that there is no reality
over and above what the
senses can perceive. As such,
it is only by observation of
the external world that one
can truly understand what
reality is all about.
 Aristotle extends this
analysis from the external
world into the province of the
human person and declares
that even human beings are
potentialities who aspire for
their actuality.
Every human being moves
according to some end.
Every action that
emanates from a human
person is a function of
the purpose (telos) that
the person has.
 Aristotle claims that
happiness is the be all and
end all of everything that
we do. We may not realize
it but the end goal of
everything that we do is
happiness.
 HAPPINESS AS THE
GOAL OF A GOOD LIFE
AND MATERIALISM
Reporter:: Ms. Nares
 HAPPINESS AS THE GOAL OF A
GOOD LIFE
In the eighteenth century, John Stuart Mill declared the Greatest
Happiness Principle by saying that an action is right as far as it
maximizes the attainment of happiness for the greatest number of
people. At a time when people were skeptical about claims on the
metaphysical, people could not make sense of the human
flourishing that Aristotle talked about in the days of old.
 HAPPINESS AS THE GOAL OF A
GOOD LIFE
Mill said that individual happiness of each
individual should be prioritized and collectively
dictates the kind of action that should be
endorsed. Considering the pronouncements
against mining. When an action benefits the
greatest number of people, said action is
deemed ethical
 HAPPINESS AS THE GOAL OF A
GOOD LIFE
The ethical is, of course, meant to lead us to the good and
happy life. Through the ages, as has been expounded in the
previous chapters, man has constantly struggled with external
world in order to reach human flourishing. History has given
birth to different schools of thought, all of which aim for the
good and happy life.
 MATERIALISM
The first materialists were the atomists in Ancient Greece. Democritus
and Leucippus led a school whose primary belief is that the world is
made up of and is controlled by the tiny indivisible units in the world
called atomos or seeds. For them, the world, including human beings, is
made up of matter. As such, only material entities matter. In terms of
human flourishing, matter is what makes us attain happiness.
 HEDONISM-
STOICISM- THEISM-
HUMANISM
REPORTER: MS. JULIAN
HEDONISM
The hedonist, for their part, see the end of life in
acquiring pleasure.

Hedonists believes that life is about obtaining and

indulging in pleasure because life is limited.

The mantra of this school of thought is the famous

"Eat, drink, and be merry for tomorrow we die".
STOICISM
The stoics espoused the idea that to generate
happiness, one must learn to distance oneself
and be indifferent.

For stoics, happiness can only be attained by a

careful practice of apathy.

We should, in this worldview, adopt the fact that

some things are not within our control. The sooner
we realize this, the happier we can become.
 THEISM
Belief in the existence of a divine reality -The
ultimate basis of happiness for theist is the
communion with God.

Theism is the belief in one or more gods. Religion

is a structured form of religious belief that is
usually but not always theistic. Most theists are
religious, but not all; some have a personal
belief in one or more gods without subscribing to
a specific religious doctrine.
HUMANISM
Humanism as another school of thought
espouses the freedom of man to carve his
own destiny and to legislate his own laws,
free from the shackles of a God that monitors
and controls.

Humanists reject the idea or belief in a

supernatural being such as God. Humanists
have no belief in an afterlife, and so they
focus on seeking happiness in this life.
HUMANISM

As their work is motivated by what they see

as our common humanity, it is often
overlooked. However, humanists have played
an active part in developing many modern
institutions, laws, policies, and social norms
that have transformed human life for the
better.
THANK
YOU!