IMPLICIT DIFFERENTIATION HANDOUT

dy
For # 1-3, find by implicit differentiation
dx
1. x3 y3 - y = x

2. Sinx= x (1 + tany)

3. Cos x2 = x ey

For # 4-5, evaluate the derivative at the indicated point and find the tangent line
x2 - 9
4. y2 = , (3, 1)
x2 + 9

5. x2/3 + y2/3 = 5 , (1,8)

d2 y
For # 6-7, find in terms of x and y
dx2

6. y2 = x3

7. ln(x+y) = x
 SOLUTIONS

x2 - 9
1. x3 y3 - y = x 4. y2 = , (3, 1)
x2 + 9
dy dy
x3 [3y2 ] + y3 [3x2] - =1 dy (x2 + 9) [2x] - (x2 - 9) [2x]
dx dx 2y =
dx (x2+9)2
dy dy
3x3y2 + 3 x2y3 - =1 dy 2x3 + 18x - 2x3 + 18x
dx dx 2y =
dx (x2+9)2
dy dy
3x3y2 - = 1 - 3x2y3 dy 36x
dx dx 2y =
dx (x2+9)2
dy
dx
(3x3y2 - 1) = 1 - 3 x2y3 dy 1 36x
= .
dx 2y (x +9)2
2
dy 1 - 3 x2y3
=
dx 3x3y2 - 1 dy 18x
=
dx y(x2+9)2

2. Sin x = x (1 + tany) dy 18 (3) dy 1

(3, 1) = (3,1) =
dx (1)(32+9)2 dx 6
dy
cos x = x[sec y 2
dx
] + (1 + tany)
x2 - 9
equation of tangent line to y2 = at poit (3,1)
dy x2 + 9
cos x = x sec2 y dx
+ 1 + tany
1
dy y-1= (x-3)
cos x - 1 - tany = x sec2y dx
6

cos x - 1 - tany dy
= 5. x2/3 + y2/3 = 5 (1, 8)
x sec2y dx
2 1 2 -1
dy
x- + y 3
dx
=0
3 3 3
3. Cos x2 = x ey
2 2 dy
+ =0
dy 3 x 1/3 3 y 1/3 dx
- Sin x (2x) = x [e
2 y
dx
]+e y

2 dy 2
=-
dy 3 y 1/3 dx 3 x 1/3
- 2x Sin x = x e2 y
dx
+e y

dy 2 3y1/3
- 2x Sin x2 - ey = xey
dy
dx
=- 1/3
•
dx 3x 2

y1/3 y 1/3
-2x Sin x2 - ey
xey
=
dy
dx
dy
dx
=-
x 1/3
dy
dx
=- ( )
x

8 1/3
dy
dx
(1, 8) = - ( ) 1
dy
dx
(1, 8) = - 2

equation of tangent line to x2/3 +y2/3 = 5 at poit (1,8)

y-8 = -2 (x-1)
 SOLUTIONS

6. y2 = x3 7. ln (x+y) = x
dy
(1 + )
dy
2y = 3x2
dx
=1
dx (x+y)
dy 3x2
dx
= 2y 1+
dy
=x+y
dx
2y [6x] - 3x2 [ 2
dy
]
d2y
2
= dx
dy
=x+y-1
dx (2y)2 dx

12xy - 6 x2
dy
d2y dx
d2y dy
2 = 2 =1+
dx 4y dx2 dx

2
d2y
3x
d2y 12xy - 6 x2 ( 2y ) = 1 + (x + y - 1)
= dx2
dx2 4y2

12xy - 4
d2y
=x+y
9x
d2y y

2 = 2
dx2
dx 4y

( 12xyy - 9x )
2 4

d2y
=
dx2 4y2

d2y 12xy2 - 9x4

2 = 4y3
dx