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BIOLOGY

The document summarizes a student's investigatory project on the effects of temperature on osmosis in plant cells. The student hypothesized that increasing temperature would increase the rate of osmosis by providing more kinetic energy to water molecules. The experiment found that higher temperatures (40°C) led to greater increases in potato slice mass and size during osmosis, while lower temperatures (0°C) slowed osmosis. This supported the conclusion that temperature influences osmosis rate and plant cell turgor pressure and health.

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Mohammed Nayeem
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30 views12 pages

BIOLOGY

The document summarizes a student's investigatory project on the effects of temperature on osmosis in plant cells. The student hypothesized that increasing temperature would increase the rate of osmosis by providing more kinetic energy to water molecules. The experiment found that higher temperatures (40°C) led to greater increases in potato slice mass and size during osmosis, while lower temperatures (0°C) slowed osmosis. This supported the conclusion that temperature influences osmosis rate and plant cell turgor pressure and health.

Uploaded by

Mohammed Nayeem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA MINICOY

BI
O L
O G
Y

INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

TITLE : The Effects of Temperature on Osmosis in Plant Cells


CONTENT

 CERTIFICATE
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
 INTRODUCTION
 HYPOTHESIS
 AIM
 MATERIALS REQUIRED
 PROCEDURE
 OBSERVATION
 CONCLUSION
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mast. Mohammed Nayeem A has


successfully completed the investigatory project in the
biology of the AISSCE course as subscribed by the
Central Board of Secondary Education for Jawahar
Navodaya Vidyalaya, Minicoy during the year 2023-24.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
INTRODUCTION

Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules


from an area of lower solute concentration to an area
of higher solute concentration through a
semipermeable membrane. This process is vital for the
functioning of plant cells, as it helps maintain cell
turgidity and overall cellular health. Temperature is
known to affect the rate of chemical reactions,
including those involved in osmosis. This investigation
seeks to understand how temperature impacts the rate
of osmosis in plant cells.
HYPOTHESIS

We hypothesize that an increase in temperature will


result in a higher rate of osmosis in plant cells, as the
kinetic energy of water molecules will increase,
allowing them to diffuse more rapidly through the cell
membrane.
AIM
The aim is to investigate how temperature influences
the rate and extent of osmosis in plant cells and to
understand the implications of temperature variations
on plant cell health and physiology.
MATERIALS REQUIRED

 Fresh plant material (e.g., potato slices)


 Distilled water
 Sucrose solution (solute)
 Thermometers
 Beakers
 Petri dishes
 Timer
 Ruler
 Cutting tools
 Weighing scale
 Data recording sheets
PROCEDURE

 Cut plant material (e.g., potato slices) into uniform pieces


and measure their initial mass and dimensions.
 Place the plant material in different beakers, each
containing a different temperature of distilled water (e.g.,
room temperature, 0°C, 40°C).
 Add sucrose solution (solute) to each beaker to create a
concentration gradient.
 Start the timer and allow the plant material to sit in the
solution for a fixed period (e.g., 30 minutes).
 After the incubation period, remove the plant material
from the beakers and pat them dry with paper towels.
 Measure the final mass and dimensions of the plant
material.
 Calculate the percentage change in mass and dimensions
for each sample.
OBSERVATION
 Change in Mass:
1. Initial mass of potato slices: 10 grams (±0.1 g)
2. Mass of potato slices after exposure to room temperature (25°C)
water for 30 minutes: 11.2 grams (±0.1 g)
3. Mass of potato slices after exposure to 0°C water for 30 minutes:
10.1 grams (±0.1 g)
4. Mass of potato slices after exposure to 40°C water for 30 minutes:
12.5 grams (±0.1 g)

 Change in Length (Dimensions):


1. Initial length of potato slices: 5.0 cm (±0.1 cm)
2. Length of potato slices after exposure to room temperature (25°C)
water for 30 minutes: 5.3 cm (±0.1 cm)
3. Length of potato slices after exposure to 0°C water for 30 minutes:
4.7 cm (±0.1 cm)
4. Length of potato slices after exposure to 40°C water for 30
minutes: 5.8 cm (±0.1 cm)

 Change in Turgidity (Visual Observation):

1. Potato slices exposed to room temperature (25°C) water appear


turgid, with a plump and firm texture.

2.Potato slices exposed to 0°C water appear flaccid, with a wilted and
limp appearance.

3.Potato slices exposed to 40°C water appear extremely turgid, with a


swollen and bulging texture.
. CONCLUSION

Temperature Affects Osmosis Rate: The experiment clearly demonstrates


that temperature has a significant impact on the rate of osmosis in plant
cells. The percentage change in mass and dimensions of the plant
material varies considerably with different temperatures.

Higher Temperatures Enhance Osmosis: As expected, higher


temperatures (e.g., 40°C) appear to promote osmosis, as indicated by a
more significant percentage increase in mass and dimensions. This
suggests that elevated temperatures increase the kinetic energy of water
molecules, allowing them to move more rapidly through the plant cell
membranes.

Lower Temperatures Slow Osmosis: Conversely, lower temperatures


(e.g., 0°C) seem to hinder osmosis, leading to minimal changes in mass
and dimensions. This is consistent with the hypothesis that reduced
temperatures result in reduced kinetic energy and slower water
movement through the plant cell membranes.

Turgidity and Cell Health: The visual observation of turgidity correlates


with the measured changes in mass and dimensions. Cells exposed to
room temperature water maintain turgidity, while those exposed to 0°C
water become flaccid, and those exposed to 40°C water become
extremely turgid. This indicates that temperature influences the overall
health and turgor pressure of plant cells.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

 Salisbury, F.B., & Ross, C.W. (1992). Plant Physiology. Wadsworth


Publishing. - This textbook provides a comprehensive overview of plant
physiology, including osmosis and the influence of temperature.
 Taiz, L., & Zeiger, E. (2015). Plant Physiology and Development. Sinauer
Associates, Inc. - Another valuable textbook on plant physiology,
including information on cellular processes such as osmosis.
 Raven, P.H., Evert, R.F., & Eichhorn, S.E. (1999). Biology of Plants. W.H.
Freeman and Company. - This book offers insights into plant biology, cell
physiology, and osmosis.
 Jones, M. (2014). Osmosis in Potato Cells. The Royal Society of
Chemistry. - A research paper discussing the osmosis experiment with
potatoes and its relevance to biology and environmental science.
 Brady, C. (2000). Cell Turgor and Osmosis in Plants. Journal of Chemical
Education, 77(4), 448-454. - This journal article delves into the concepts
of cell turgor and osmosis in plant cells.

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