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Lección 4

1. The document provides instructions on pronouncing the vowel sounds [ɑ] and [ʌ] in English. [ɑ] is found mainly in stressed syllables at the beginning and middle of words like "odd" and "watch". [ʌ] occurs in stressed syllables and can be spelled with letters like "u" and "o" as in "but" and "love". 2. Examples are given to contrast the sounds in words like "up" vs. "op" and sentences are provided to practice the sounds. Minimal pairs of words like "bus" vs. "boss" are listed to highlight the difference between [ɑ] and [ʌ]. Activities are outlined

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20 views5 pages

Lección 4

1. The document provides instructions on pronouncing the vowel sounds [ɑ] and [ʌ] in English. [ɑ] is found mainly in stressed syllables at the beginning and middle of words like "odd" and "watch". [ʌ] occurs in stressed syllables and can be spelled with letters like "u" and "o" as in "but" and "love". 2. Examples are given to contrast the sounds in words like "up" vs. "op" and sentences are provided to practice the sounds. Minimal pairs of words like "bus" vs. "boss" are listed to highlight the difference between [ɑ] and [ʌ]. Activities are outlined

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sabyyinn3ta
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Lesson # 4

Words to know:
[ɑ] As in arm, hat, father [Ʌ] as in put, but, come

At the beginning: In the middle: At the beginning:


On, odd, arm, are, arch Top, cot, lock, shop, wasp, Us, up, of, oven, ugly, other, uncle, onion,
watch, block, March, under, upper
Oxen, honest, option, artist
rocket.
In the middle:
The sound [ɑ] does not occur at the end of words Hug, won, nut, does, much, must, come,
in English. rough, month, trouble.

Spelled:
✓ A: want, dark, father Spelled:
✓ O: fox, hot, spot, opera ✓ U: but, cut, sun, lucky, funny
Remember to open your mouth wider than for any ✓ O: love, done, some, mother, Monday.
other vowel when you pronounce this sound. A less frequent spelling pattern for this sound
consist of: ou, oo, oe, and a such as cousin,
Rules: trouble, flood, does, was, what.
The letter a followed by r is usually pronounced [ɑ],
farm, alarm, cart, start, are. Rule:
The letter o followed by b, d, g, p, t, or ck is usually [Ʌ] is a vowel sound that occurs only in
pronounced [ɑ]: robin, rod, log, stop, lot, pocket. stressed syllables. It does not occur in
unstressed syllables.

The vowels [ɑ] and [ʌ]

The vowel [ɑ]


1. Odd Op (operation)
2. Bob Pop
3. Job Jot
4. Fog Fox
5. God Got
Sentences:

1. There are a lot of odd jobs in this area.


2. Bob stopped the clock after he talked to the cop.

The vowel [ʌ]

1. ugly up
2. bud but
3. dug duck
4. love luck
5. cub cup
Sentences:

1. The funny duck is running around the jug.


2. My other brother doesn’t seem to have trouble with my mother.

The words with the vowel [ʌ] that are easily mispronounced for ESL or EFL students.

1. study 6. brother
2. won/one 7. country
3. flood 8. mother
4. come 9. couple
5. trouble 10. Double

Contrast the vowels [ʌ] and [ɑ]

1. up op (operation)
2. duck dock
3. bucks box
4. luck lock
5. gut got
Sentences:

1. The government seems to be bothered by some kind of


trouble.
2. Shut the door, or you’ll be shot.
Pronunciation
Minimal Pairs /ʌ/ /a/
Words like BUS and BOSS
• Activity 1
Listen to your teacher saying the words in Column 1 and Column 2 below.

Column 1 Column 2

Bus Boss
Gun Gone
Puppy Poppy
Shut Shot
Sung Song
Cut Cot
Luck Lock
Color Collar
• Activity 2
Listen to your teacher saying one of the words from Activity 1. Say if you think the word is in
Column 1 or Column 2.
• Activity 3
Listen to your teacher saying two words from Activity 1. If the words are the same, circle S
below. If you think the words are different, circle D below.

1. SD 2. SD 3. SD 4. SD 5. SD
6. SD 7. SD 8. SD 9. SD 10. SD
• Activity 4
Listen to your teacher reading the sentences below. Circle the word you hear.

1. Do you like the new bus / boss?

2. She would like to have a puppy / poppy.

3. I don’t know why they shut / shot it.

4. That is a big cut / cot!

5. He doesn’t like that color / collar.

6. She had no luck / lock, unfortunately.

• Activity 5
Imagine you are the teacher now! Work with a partner and repeat the activities above. Then
swap roles.

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