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Tutorial Sheet 11

This document provides 14 problems involving calculus concepts like integration, differentiation under the integral sign, Beta and Gamma functions. The problems cover techniques for evaluating definite integrals using properties of special functions, applying integration by parts, u-substitution and other integral evaluation methods. Solutions require knowledge of properties of functions like trigonometric, logarithmic, and exponential functions.

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Ashutosh Ranjan
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
38 views3 pages

Tutorial Sheet 11

This document provides 14 problems involving calculus concepts like integration, differentiation under the integral sign, Beta and Gamma functions. The problems cover techniques for evaluating definite integrals using properties of special functions, applying integration by parts, u-substitution and other integral evaluation methods. Solutions require knowledge of properties of functions like trigonometric, logarithmic, and exponential functions.

Uploaded by

Ashutosh Ranjan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Department of Mathematics
MA11003 - Advanced Calculus
Problem Sheet - 11
Autumn 2023

1. Using Beta and Gamma functions prove the following:


Z ∞ √
√ −x3 π
Z b
(a) x e dx = (h) (x − a)m−1 (b − x)n−1 dx =
0 3 a

(b − a)m+n−1 β(m, n)
Z ∞
−a2 x2 π
(b) e dx =
0 2a

π Γ( n+1
Z 1
xn
Z 1
3 2 25 2
√ 2 )
(c) x (1 − x ) dx = (i) dx = n+2
0 63 0 1 − x2 2 Γ( 2 )
Z π √
2 π Γ( m+1
2 )
Z 1
1
(d) sinm x dx = (j) xp−1 (1 − xr )q−1 dx = β( pr , q)
0 2 Γ( m+22 ) r
0
Z 1p 1 2
{Γ( )}
(e) 1 − x4 dx = √4 Z 1
Γ(α)
0 6 2π (k) xp−1 (ln x1 )α−1 dx = α
Z π√ 0 p
2 π
(f) tan x dx = √ Z 1
dx 1 1
0 2 1
(l) 1 dx = n Γ( n )Γ(1 − n )
0 (1 − xn ) n
(g) β(m + 1, n) = m β(m, n) m+n
Z 1
2. Given β(x, y) = tx−1 (1 − t)y−1 dt, x > 0, y > 0, show that
0

Z π
2
(a) β(x, y) = 2 sin2x−1 θ cos2y−1 θ dθ
0

ux−1
Z
(b) β(x, y) = du, x, y > 0.
0 (u + 1)x+y
Γ(x)Γ(y)
(c) β(x, y) = Γ(x+y)

(d) Γ( 12 ) = π

3. Show that

Z ∞
n 1 − m+1 m + 1
(a) xm e−ax dx = a n Γ( ), where m, n and a are positive integer .
0 n n
Z 1
1 Γ(n + 1)
(b) xm (log )n dx = , where m, n > −1.
0 x (m + 1)n+1
Z ∞
m!
(c) xm n−x dx = , where m is a non-negative integer and n is a positive
0 (log n)m+1
constant.

1

4. Show that π Γ(2m + 1) = 22m Γ(m + 21 )Γ(m + 1) for any positive integer m. Hence

deduce that Legendre’s duplication formula πΓ(2m) = 22m−1 Γ(m)Γ(m + 12 ).
x + x−n
Z 1 n
π π nπ
5. Given β(n, 1 − n) = sin nπ if − 1 < n < 1, prove that 2
dx = sec , −1 <
0 1+x 2 2
n < 1.
Z ∞
xm 1 m+1
 
6. Show that dx = a n −1 Γ( m+1 )Γ(1 − m+1 ), where a > 0 and 0 < m + 1 <
xn + a n n n
0
n.
7. Show that if m is a positive integer then

(a) 2. 4. 6. 8. 10, ...., 2m = 22m Γ(m + 1).

21−m Γ(2m)
(b) 1. 3. 5. 7. 9, ...., (2m − 1) = Γ(m)

1
xα − 1
Z
8. Evaluate the integral dx, (α > −1) by applying differentiating under the inte-
0 log x
gral sign.

9. Using differentiation under integral sign prove the following:


Z π/2
log(1 + b sin x)
(i) dx = π sin−1 b, where |b| < 1.
−π/2 sin x
Z ∞
tan−1 αx tan−1 βx (α + β)α+β
 
1
(ii)Prove that dx = log , α > 0, β > 0.
0 x2 2 αα β β
Z π/2 √ √
2 2 α+ β
(iii) If α > 0, β > 0, prove that log(α cos θ + β sin θ) dθ = π log .
0 2

10. Let f (x, t) = (2x + t3 )2 then


Z 1
(i) find f (x, t) dx.
0
Z 1 Z 1
d ∂
(ii) Prove that dt f (x, t) dx = f (x, t) dx.
0 0 ∂t

11. (i) Define f : R2 → R by


sin xt

t if t ̸= 0
f (x, t) =
x if t = 0,
Z π
2
find F ′, where F (x) = f (x, t) dx.
0
Z x2
t
(ii) Given f : x → tan−1 dt, find f ′ .
0 x2

2
12. For any real numbers x and t, let
(
xt3
(x2 +t2 )2
if x ̸= 0, t ̸= 0
f (x, t) =
0 if x = 0, t = 0
Z 1 Z 1 Z 1
d ∂
and F (t) = f (x, t) dx. Is dt f (x, t) dx = f (x, t) dx? Give the justification.
0 0 0 ∂t


e−bx sin ax
Z
13. Find the value of the integral dx, where a > 0, b > 0 are fixed, and hence
0 x
Z ∞
sin ax
deduce the value of the integral dx.
0 x

14. Find the value of the following integrals


Z π
2
(i) log(1 − x2 sin2 θ) dθ, |x| < 1
0

e−px cos qx − e−ax cos bx
Z
(ii) dx
0 x
Z ∞
2
(iii) e−x cos 2ax dx
0

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