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Assignment 3

The document contains 15 multi-part probability and counting problems. It asks the reader to calculate probabilities of events, count outcomes of compound events, find the number of ways objects can be arranged or selected, and determine probabilities of specified arrangements occurring randomly. The problems involve concepts like mutually exclusive events, intersections and unions of events, counting principles, and classical probability.

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68 views3 pages

Assignment 3

The document contains 15 multi-part probability and counting problems. It asks the reader to calculate probabilities of events, count outcomes of compound events, find the number of ways objects can be arranged or selected, and determine probabilities of specified arrangements occurring randomly. The problems involve concepts like mutually exclusive events, intersections and unions of events, counting principles, and classical probability.

Uploaded by

teen16vlogs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

If an engineer is asked to rate the performance of a new machine with respect to its
replacement as poor, not satisfactory, no change, satisfactory, or excellent, we might
assign these alternatives the codes, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. If P = {1, 2}, Q = {4, 5}, R = {2, 3}, and
S = {3, 4, 5}, express each of the following symbolically by listing its elements and also in
words.
(a) P ∪ R
(b) P ∩ R
(c) 𝑄 ∪ 𝑆
(d) 𝑃

2. If A and B are mutually exclusive events, P(A) = 0.45, and P(B) = 0.30, find
(a) P( 𝐴);
(b) P( A ∪ B );
(c) P( A ∩ 𝐵 );
(d) P( 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ).

3. The probability that a turbine will have a defective coil is 0.10, the probability that it will have
defective blades is 0.15, and the probability that it will have both defects is 0.04.
(a) What is the probability that a turbine will have one of these defects?
(b) What is the probability that a turbine will have neither of these defects?

4. Students are offered three cooperative training programs at local companies and four training
programs outside the state. Count the number of possible training opportunities if an
opportunity consists of training at
(a) one local company or one company outside of the state.
(b) one local company and one company outside of the state.
5. Let A, B, and C be events relative to the sample space S. Using Venn diagrams, shade the
areas representing the following events:
(a) (A ∩ B)
(b) (A ∪ B)
(c) (A ∩ C) ∪ B.

6. Suppose that a family is leaving on a summer vacation in their camper and that M is the event
that they will experience mechanical problems, T is the event that they will receive a ticket for
committing a traffic violation, and V is the event that they will arrive at a campsite with no
vacancies. Referring to the Venn diagram of Figure 2.5, state in words the events represented by
the following regions:
(a) region 5;
(b) region 3;
(c) regions 1 and 2 together;
(d) regions 4 and 7 together;
(e) regions 3, 6, 7, and 8 together.

7. Explain why there must be a mistake in each of the following statements:


(a) The probability that a student will get an A in a geology course is 0.3, and the
probability that he or she will get either an A or a B is 0.27.
(b) A company is working on the construction of two shopping centers; the
probability that the larger one will be completed on time is 0.35 and the
probability that both will be completed on time is 0.42.

8. In a medical study, patients are classified in 8 ways according to whether they have blood
type AB+ , AB−, A+ , A−, B+ , B−, O+ , or O−, and also according to whether their blood pressure
is low, normal, or high. Find the number of ways in which a patient can be classified.

9. A drug for the relief of asthma can be purchased from 4 different manufacturers in liquid,
tablet, or capsule form, all of which come in regular and extra strength. How many different
ways can a doctor prescribe the drug for a patient suffering from asthma?

10. In how many different ways can a true-false test consisting of 10 questions be answered?

11. In how many ordered ways can a television director schedule 6 different commercials
during the 6 time slots allocated to commercials during the telecast of the first period of a
hockey game?

12. Determine the number of ways in which a software professional can choose 4 of 25 laptops
to test a newly designed application.

13. How many ways can a company select 4 candidates to interview from a short list of 12
engineers?

14. A box of 15 spark plugs contains one that is defective. In how many ways can 4 spark plugs
be selected so that
(a) the defective one is selected;
(b) the defective plug is not selected?

15. A car rental agency has 19 compact cars and 12 intermediate-size cars. If four of the cars are
randomly selected for a safety check, what is the probability of getting two of each kind?

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