Scribd
Upload
40 views5 pages

Borel Transform

The document discusses the Borel transform and some of its properties. It notes that the Borel transform is a special case of the Laplace transform for functions of exponential type. It also discusses how the Laplace, Fourier, Mellin, and Z-transforms are fundamentally the same subject, but have different characteristic problems. The document then provides a table of selected Laplace transforms of common functions with their corresponding region of convergence and references. It notes some properties of linearity that can be used to obtain some transforms from others.

Uploaded by

vijay kumar honnali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
40 views5 pages

Borel Transform

The document discusses the Borel transform and some of its properties. It notes that the Borel transform is a special case of the Laplace transform for functions of exponential type. It also discusses how the Laplace, Fourier, Mellin, and Z-transforms are fundamentally the same subject, but have different characteristic problems. The document then provides a table of selected Laplace transforms of common functions with their corresponding region of convergence and references. It notes some properties of linearity that can be used to obtain some transforms from others.

Uploaded by

vijay kumar honnali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Borel transform[edit]

The integral form of the Borel transform

is a special case of the Laplace transform for f an entire function of exponential type, meaning that

for some constants A and B. The generalized Borel transform allows a different weighting function to
be used, rather than the exponential function, to transform functions not of exponential
type. Nachbin's theorem gives necessary and sufficient conditions for the Borel transform to be well
defined.
Fundamental relationships[edit]
Since an ordinary Laplace transform can be written as a special case of a two-sided transform, and
since the two-sided transform can be written as the sum of two one-sided transforms, the theory of
the Laplace-, Fourier-, Mellin-, and Z-transforms are at bottom the same subject. However, a
different point of view and different characteristic problems are associated with each of these four
major integral transforms.

Table of selected Laplace transforms[edit]


Main article: List of Laplace transforms
The following table provides Laplace transforms for many common functions of a single variable. [28]
[29]
For definitions and explanations, see the Explanatory Notes at the end of the table.
Because the Laplace transform is a linear operator,

 The Laplace transform of a sum is the sum of Laplace transforms of each term.

 The Laplace transform of a multiple of a function is that multiple times the Laplace
transformation of that function.

Using this linearity, and various trigonometric, hyperbolic, and complex number (etc.) properties
and/or identities, some Laplace transforms can be obtained from others more quickly than by using
the definition directly.
The unilateral Laplace transform takes as input a function whose time domain is the non-
negative reals, which is why all of the time domain functions in the table below are multiples of the
Heaviside step function, u(t).
The entries of the table that involve a time delay τ are required to be causal (meaning that τ > 0). A
causal system is a system where the impulse response h(t) is zero for all time t prior to t = 0. In
general, the region of convergence for causal systems is not the same as that of anticausal systems.
Selected Laplace transforms

Time Laplace s-
domain domain
Region of
Function Reference
convergence

unit impulse all s inspection

time shift of
delayed impulse
unit impulse

integrate unit
unit step
impulse

time shift of
delayed unit step
unit step

rectangular impulse

integrate unit
ramp
impulse twice

nth power integrate unit


(for integer n) step n times
(n > −1)
qth power [30][31]

(for complex q)

Set q =
nth root
1/n above.

Integrate unit
nth power with step,
frequency shift apply frequency
shift

integrate unit
step,
delayed nth power
apply frequency
with frequency shift shift,
apply time shift

Frequency shift
exponential decay of
unit step

two-sided exponential
Frequency shift
decay
of
(only for bilateral
unit step
transform)

unit step minus


exponential approach exponential
decay

sine [32]
cosine [32]

hyperbolic sine [33]

hyperbolic cosine [33]

exponentially decaying [32]

sine wave

exponentially decaying [32]

cosine wave

natural logarithm [33]

Bessel function
of the first kind, [34]

of order n
(n > −1)

Error function [34]

Explanatory notes:

 t, a real number, typically represents time, although it can represent


 u(t) represents the Heaviside step function.  s is the complex frequency domain parameter, and Re(
 δ represents the Dirac delta function.
 Γ(z) represents the gamma function.  α, β, τ, and ω are real numbers.
 γ is the Euler–Mascheroni constant.  n is an integer.

You might also like