Object Oriented Programming

Pointers continued . . .

Mr. Usman Wajid

[email protected]

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Copy Constructor

Copy Constructor
It is special type of constructor intended to copy one object (source) into another (target)
of the same class

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Copy Constructor

Copy Constructor
It is special type of constructor intended to copy one object (source) into another (target)
of the same class

• When no copy constructor is defined, then a default copy constructor is implicitly

invoked by the compiler. All data and function members will be copied.

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Copy Constructor

Copy Constructor
It is special type of constructor intended to copy one object (source) into another (target)
of the same class

• When no copy constructor is defined, then a default copy constructor is implicitly

invoked by the compiler. All data and function members will be copied.
• Basic Syntax 1:
< class - name > < target - object >( < source - object >) ;

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Copy Constructor

Copy Constructor
It is special type of constructor intended to copy one object (source) into another (target)
of the same class

• When no copy constructor is defined, then a default copy constructor is implicitly

invoked by the compiler. All data and function members will be copied.
• Basic Syntax 1:
< class - name > < target - object >( < source - object >) ;

• Basic Syntax 2:
< class - name > < target - object > = < source - object >;

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Copy Constructor Example 1
class Student {
private :
char section ;
public :
void setSection ( char section ) {
this - > section = section ;
}
char getSection () {
return section ;
}
Output
};
int main () {
Student ali ;
ali . setSection ( ’A ’) ;
cout < < " ali sec : " << ali . getSection () << endl ;

Student mahad ( ali ) ;

cout < < " mahad sec : " << mahad . getSection () << endl ;

Student zain = ali ;

cout < < " zain sec : " << zain . getSection () << endl ;
}
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Copy Constructor Example 1
class Student {
private :
char section ;
public :
void setSection ( char section ) {
this - > section = section ;
}
char getSection () {
return section ;
}
Output
};
int main () {
Student ali ;
ali . setSection ( ’A ’) ;
cout < < " ali sec : " << ali . getSection () << endl ;

Student mahad ( ali ) ;

cout < < " mahad sec : " << mahad . getSection () << endl ;

Student zain = ali ;

cout < < " zain sec : " << zain . getSection () << endl ;
}
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Copy Constructor Example 2
int main () {
Student ali ;
ali . setSec ( ’A ’) ;
cout < < " ali sec : " << ali . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;

class Student { Student mahad ( ali ) ;

private : cout < < " mahad sec : " << mahad . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;
char sec ;
public : Student zain = ali ;
Student () { cout < < " zain sec : " << zain . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;
cout < < " Default constructor \ n " ;
} Student akhtar ;
Student ( Student & obj ) { akhtar = ali ;
setSec ( obj . sec ) ; cout < < " akhtar sec : " << zain . getSec () << endl ;
cout < < " copy constructor \ n " ; }
}
void setSec ( char sec ) {
this - > sec = sec ;
}
char getSec () {
return sec ;
}
};

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Copy Constructor Example 2
int main () {
Student ali ;
ali . setSec ( ’A ’) ;
cout < < " ali sec : " << ali . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;

class Student { Student mahad ( ali ) ;

private : cout < < " mahad sec : " << mahad . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;
char sec ;
public : Student zain = ali ;
Student () { cout < < " zain sec : " << zain . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;
cout < < " Default constructor \ n " ;
} Student akhtar ;
Student ( Student & obj ) { akhtar = ali ;
setSec ( obj . sec ) ; cout < < " akhtar sec : " << zain . getSec () << endl ;
cout < < " copy constructor \ n " ; }
}
void setSec ( char sec ) {
this - > sec = sec ;
}
char getSec () {
return sec ;
}
};

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Copy Constructor continued . . .

• A default copy constructor is implicitly called in the following scenarios,

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Copy Constructor continued . . .

• A default copy constructor is implicitly called in the following scenarios,

1 When an object is declared and initialized by using the value of another object

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Copy Constructor continued . . .

• A default copy constructor is implicitly called in the following scenarios,

1 When an object is declared and initialized by using the value of another object

2 When an object is passed by value to a function

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Copy Constructor continued . . .

• A default copy constructor is implicitly called in the following scenarios,

1 When an object is declared and initialized by using the value of another object

2 When an object is passed by value to a function

3 When the return value of a function is an object

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Copy Constructor Example 3
int main () {
Student ali ;
ali . setSec ( ’A ’) ;
cout < < " ali sec : " << ali . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;
class Student {
private : Student imran ( ali ) ;
char sec ; cout < < " imran sec : " << imran . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;
public :
Student () { Student zain = fun ( ali ) ;
cout < < " Default constructor \ n " ; cout < < " zain sec : " << zain . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;
}
void setSec ( char sec ) { Student akhtar ;
this - > sec = sec ; akhtar = ali ;
} cout < < " akhtar sec : " << zain . getSec () << endl ;
char getSec () { }
return sec ;
}
};
Student fun ( Student obj ) {
Student mahad ( obj ) ;
cout < < " mahad sec : " << mahad . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;
return mahad ;
}

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Copy Constructor Example 3
int main () {
Student ali ;
ali . setSec ( ’A ’) ;
cout < < " ali sec : " << ali . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;
class Student {
private : Student imran ( ali ) ;
char sec ; cout < < " imran sec : " << imran . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;
public :
Student () { Student zain = fun ( ali ) ;
cout < < " Default constructor \ n " ; cout < < " zain sec : " << zain . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;
}
void setSec ( char sec ) { Student akhtar ;
this - > sec = sec ; akhtar = ali ;
} cout < < " akhtar sec : " << zain . getSec () << endl ;
char getSec () { }
return sec ;
}
};
Student fun ( Student obj ) {
Student mahad ( obj ) ;
cout < < " mahad sec : " << mahad . getSec () <<" \ n \ n " ;
return mahad ;
}

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Copy Constructor with pointer member

pointerDataClass objectThree ( objectOne ) ;

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Copy Constructor with pointer member

pointerDataClass objectThree ( objectOne ) ;

• This initialization is called the default member-wise initialization

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Copy Constructor with pointer member

pointerDataClass objectThree ( objectOne ) ;

• This initialization is called the default member-wise initialization

• It implicitly invokes the default copy constructor

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Copy Constructor Example 4

class List {
private : int main () {
int * data ;
int size ; List objectOne (5) ;
public :
List ( int size ) { objectOne . fill () ;
this - > size = size ; cout < < " obj1 : " ;
data = new int [ size ];
}
objectOne . print () ;
void fill () {
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++) List objectThree ( objectOne ) ;
data [ i ] = i * i ;
}
objectThree . update (0 ,3) ;
void update ( int index , int val ) {
data [ index ] = val ;

} cout < < " \ n \ nobj1 : " ;

void print () { objectOne . print () ;
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++) }
cout < < data [ i ] < < " " ;
}
~ List () {
delete [] data ;
}
};

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Copy Constructor Example 4

class List {
private : int main () {
int * data ;
int size ; List objectOne (5) ;
public :
List ( int size ) { objectOne . fill () ;
this - > size = size ; cout < < " obj1 : " ;
data = new int [ size ];
}
objectOne . print () ;
void fill () {
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++) List objectThree ( objectOne ) ;
data [ i ] = i * i ;
}
objectThree . update (0 ,3) ;
void update ( int index , int val ) {
data [ index ] = val ;

} cout < < " \ n \ nobj1 : " ;

void print () { objectOne . print () ;
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++) }
cout < < data [ i ] < < " " ;
}
~ List () {
delete [] data ;
}
};

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Copy Constructor with pointer member continued . . .

void destroyList ( pointerDataClass paramObject ) ;

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Copy Constructor with pointer member continued . . .

void destroyList ( pointerDataClass paramObject ) ;

• Default Initialization leads to shallow copying of data

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Copy Constructor with pointer member continued . . .

void destroyList ( pointerDataClass paramObject ) ;

• Default Initialization leads to shallow copying of data

• Similar problem occurs when passing objects by value

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Copy Constructor with pointer member continued . . .

void destroyList ( pointerDataClass paramObject ) ;

• Default Initialization leads to shallow copying of data

• Similar problem occurs when passing objects by value
• Solution: Write a user defined copy constructor to create a deep copy

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Copy Constructor Example 5

class List {
private :
int * data ; int main () {
int size ;
public : List objectOne (5) ;
List ( int size ) {
this - > size = size ; objectOne . fill () ;
data = new int [ size ]; cout < < " obj1 : " ;
}
void fill () {
objectOne . print () ;
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++)
data [ i ] = i * i ; destroyList ( objectOne ) ;
}
void print () {
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++) cout < < " \ n \ nobj1 : " ;
cout < < data [ i ] < < " " ; objectOne . print () ;
}
~ List () { }
delete [] data ;
}
};

void destroyList ( List ObjectThree ) {}

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Copy Constructor Example 5

class List {
private :
int * data ; int main () {
int size ;
public : List objectOne (5) ;
List ( int size ) {
this - > size = size ; objectOne . fill () ;
data = new int [ size ]; cout < < " obj1 : " ;
}
void fill () {
objectOne . print () ;
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++)
data [ i ] = i * i ; destroyList ( objectOne ) ;
}
void print () {
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++) cout < < " \ n \ nobj1 : " ;
cout < < data [ i ] < < " " ; objectOne . print () ;
}
~ List () { }
delete [] data ;
}
};

void destroyList ( List ObjectThree ) {}

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Copy Constructor Example 6
class List {
private :
int * data ;
int size ;
public :
List ( int size ) {
int main () {
this - > size = size ;
data = new int [ size ]; List objectOne (5) ;
}
List ( List & obj ) { objectOne . fill () ;
size = obj . size ; cout < < " obj1 : " ;
data = new int [ size ]; objectOne . print () ;
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++)
data [ i ] = obj . data [ i ];
} destroyList ( objectOne ) ;
void fill () {
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++)
data [ i ] = i * i ; cout < < " \ n \ nobj1 : " ;
} objectOne . print () ;
void print () {
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++)
}
cout < < data [ i ] < < " " ;
}
~ List () {
delete [] data ;
}
};

void destroyList ( List ObjectThree ) {}

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Copy Constructor Example 6
class List {
private :
int * data ;
int size ;
public :
List ( int size ) {
int main () {
this - > size = size ;
data = new int [ size ]; List objectOne (5) ;
}
List ( List & obj ) { objectOne . fill () ;
size = obj . size ; cout < < " obj1 : " ;
data = new int [ size ]; objectOne . print () ;
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++)
data [ i ] = obj . data [ i ];
} destroyList ( objectOne ) ;
void fill () {
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++)
data [ i ] = i * i ; cout < < " \ n \ nobj1 : " ;
} objectOne . print () ;
void print () {
for ( int i =0; i < size ; i ++)
}
cout < < data [ i ] < < " " ;
}
~ List () {
delete [] data ;
}
};

void destroyList ( List ObjectThree ) {}

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