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95 views19 pagesDE Unit-1 Partr-1
Uploaded by
paarthkhera71Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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/ 19
, > Logic Gates
> Basic Logic Opevabions
Logie - Tb ic jush Like a human mrusatorinng: +
— UU delle a certain progestin (declarative stelimenks) afe Lue
if certain umditm is true. or vice -vewse
— Th con be claccified as True CT) oy False CFD
— Tt ic also known as sttes on ov off.
Th 1854, Mv Geovge Boole inboduces Mate mabiend Theory
tilled Logic and develeped ih alebva caltid Boolean
Abgplova
~ Thee bogies ov algebra sed b declan Aigited eivuits.
#
ze ole
7 The get is ON
Logic Operabion
Cte: Tires: cbosts bogie opexehions ae OR, AND 4 NOT
A Gireuil Bek perfveet hase Ligic epiratims are cabtec)
AND 2 OR logic ahs tae Com have ney number 4 inpeds
buk NOT Logie gets All have at Ome input «
The culpat yemains ding te eek, gt A
oe
npr Cabpud
x
°
°
il
t
=.6 = 8
“Trat Tate
— Ole ic 1 when ath inputs ave 4
an all oy ‘noting” gue trv)
= Alse known
as
XAG
> ABE
te ole
A & *
G JO; ©
eae
\ Oh
I
\
°
°
°
— le is 1 evn if one of ic ibs input ic 4.
— Ao known oS
X= AtB
'
ov
NOT Gate Ctnverter)
s—f>o— «
iy oF all” gate.
Ke A+B
“le
R
1
°
-ol>e
— OP is dnvevted ef npn
x24 D The Universal Gates
_——————
Two Univertal
Ty ae calles! universal gates
fdas om NAND A NOR
as ty both Ainge - handetly
perfrm all the base bogie functions CAND,
= NAND Gate
-°0
=<
eco OF
oR and NOT)
ule —3 te
ye — uP
Juto— ele
7427 we
quas - 8 HP Universal Gates Or Universat Building Bloces
SS tit en lees
— NAND Gate and NR Gah ave called Univertal qees becmnse
both can be used ag AND, OR and NoT gett & 2 cmbinahmns
2 8 Using Demergan’s Theo vem
KB +
>)
+B — 0
—@
A
+
BB?
>i
el
Bubbted AND Gab
Nanp £ WoR Gale of Snvevter
MAND 4 WOR Gels ot Sneerter
:=e es
> H7 ye AND, OR, £ NOT _Ucing NAND Gate
NoT Gate
Her se
AND Gala
OR Gate
NoR Geb
oe
Amp, OR &£ NoT Daley NoR Gala
NoT Galt
OR Gab
On Ges
AND Gabo
sae
soy Y- RaR A S Exclasive- OR (€x-oR) Gate (K-0R)
eee
Th ie ther legate Vaviogg 2 or more Inputs fb 4 ontpwt -
Tost Table
A & ¥:
° ° Oo Low yo
: 1
° \ 1 High a
4 © (yt
\ \ 0 be Y= A@G
Y= AG+ AB
> A@B
> Exclusive -NoR (Ex-NeR) Goi (K-NOR)
Ratt, table
ee
A a v @
°O ° \
° t ° Y= A@L Beolean Algebra
dn 1854, George Bovle (Mettamebician) tnvenbed the algebra
Of Logic kenswn at Boslian Agere,
~ He chated tak symbols can be used le veprestuk chuchire 4
theugiikr
- In as algebra, rules ave to be followed fer logical operations.
- Hye, a digital ckk i veprescuted by a set of rp avd ol?
Symbels and ekt fanchin ac a cet of Balean velabimasle'p
bebveen the cymbile,
P Boolean Logic Operations
oO Logical AND operntin — tiwiler + mabhplicakon «
— Repwettnket be +N, A Gotertection)
7 Ys AB
® Lope OR operabim — Linilay fe Addition
— Represented by +,V, U (union)
~ Ys A+B
© Legit Not operation Tnverston
~ Negation
~ Represented by =" Caav) over « vaviabl
- Y=%
® Logie Nan open = - Ys AB
© Logical Now Operon = — Y= A+B
© Logicel x-0R opersim — YY. Agtn@- aA@we
@D Legend x-NeR opentm — y. KBB > Basic Laws of Brolean Algebra
Y Belean Addition o+o-0 D Boolean Muldiplicahio 01020
Oortel Orl=O
t4orl 17020
vaued list
> Properties of Berlean Algebra t
~ Binary Operators +S .
= Vasey Operabrs — o /% (Bar or Prime)
© Commutative Property. : A+B =B+A OR op”
— Orde of ep” cmeurted on Variables makes
ho diffrence -
S inslibes Tait
A-(8:¢) = (A. Bee
- Sri of qpouping of varindler the
is came.
@ pattie Pty Gornes OE
A (G8 +e) = AB+AC
@ Absorption Laws . | ety to eee
oO = ©
Ober) (RED
© Tr volun Law
D Complementarity Les - ® )
De Morgan's Theorem
~ Thee ave tuo theoveme give by DeMergan,
Bich Theorem - The complement af prance ie equal b the cum
of the complimente
— TE A and B au tue vewabls thy
Seond Theerem — Th vewplement of a sum is eqnat te te pwns f
she camplement
ol
Heer, | A*B > AY
Bovlean Logie Fancher ov expression ean be Aimphifiedl er expanded
fi re '
by using Following steps fp Remergan's Theorem
DV Ceplase tte eqenbt (4) with symbd CD of Synbet C2 with
Agmbet GD wt enprestion.
3 viable: iy He siven
3) campamane cack of te fibeng ens ov vainbln te g
Repression,
Roof (ry Using 2-iapat Venables ALB
oe
fb Tadashi Metred
t 2 3 & s a 7 = at 3 {
a |e | a] @ |ate laa | Ae| a-e| re 2
ae ef a ° oO t 1 1 ;
o}tyuyoyt ° ° - 1 '
t}olott ' ° ° ° 1 (
t t ° ° \ | 0 oO } d From tate, Celumn 72 are equal, Hence
A+G - AB
Wig, cebmn F and to aye equal, Hence
A-B + A+B
Hense Proves) og Perfect Teach Metta ,
R ,
FreoP cz) BeMege's Yeeerm cm ale be prod by ating
Algebraic Metro
o
AQ
Fam Bevlemn Laws [0 Ce) # Gio bd
A+tR>1 and
(Corplersctnrg Trrsrne)
Alec ting AB fer A ard (A+@) in the exprestin. abere
AG +(A+B) 21 and Do
A
K+ o+B =| wt aa + had O
Aetel
ted N
* Seetean Algebra
\
© Commutnkve Popety Andm 244
A-t= GA
© Areournben Property AHHOs (Arete
A+ (@e) > (As)
® Dahibubve At Re > (ATU CA+O)
Case F Atec > Att ac 3 ALA
> ACA) + BC > tteel
- ANTARTGS > A(B1C) = (eke
> A(HO+AC4+B0 9 Ver]
> Ale AC TART BC
Pe AArAe TART BC 9 RASA
> A(AtC) + B(ATE)
ATS) CAtc) Or Vartnbe 2 4 colb,
@ 3 vawabt. - go 8 ces
ae hed.
© y variable -
Standard Represeobhin of _Liyie Panchen
Rog femttin can be tnprerced a db te fecon
) S00 - Sum Frrduak- -
-[¥ AR + het At = Sam mehnrberm Zn
— bheaye repented by +
b pos — wedmt o tam
—|% = (nayste) Ceray| Z (redut 9 Meatiwn Ta
i Nomat sep Wwe Le
Et Y= om + mam AM) tm TMs TIM +t My
Ye Zn. 43,8, 7,0, 4 2,183
Ys REED + Ader a
Raty;~ Aocd+ MTS + add + ABTS t ARTD
2 Muntae ths equi.
Poy Group tearm Teed
ety from mae Qa?
— Bl alalo > Cece
+ 7 Canethimaion
Ochs qu
Yeo AD+ Ace
Ex2
=" YAK) = ‘NBE + AC + ACB
= ly Vaviabln - ahs 1 cells.
= SOP > winter A Yepremntedine
Yu cBb+ aera y= Rot KE+ asd @ anes 7 wile
elu [ttn J
Y: D+ et + abe
Q> Using K-Map veduce tte fllovsig Sof exproven
BR + Abcd + ABCD + ALCB + ABE +
— 0000 — O
© BEB = \o00 —8
ahr PT @® Ketk = olop — 4
@ astA = Wow —
Pt
“i ! © ieen = PU = 2
! to} © pjep = tour — Mh
@ztem + C8lO- 2
Y= B+Ee @ gece = Olln - 6
B + toro =|
My veean ¥ Lk @® ated a
Aetee “Preity Tete . @ aged Who 14 Mappivg A Stanolarel POS Experi
> Pos ~ Preduet 4 Sum
used
2 0 bit
a
° Exawple e\ cw ot tt
o |o |o °, |
A
7
Ceo
Oo
(A+ 447)
Horse
if + Azo
Han A >|
to
(Atate)
© Exawple :
lo
Catbte)
tol
to
(Avite)
Map the Pollo fos emprescion w K- map
Y= (Atbrern) (Ares +B) (Atatt+ 9) (ArT +E 1B) (A+ ote +5)
4 4
\ loo you
no
o\ we oi te
° ©
4
wel cl
rll
@ Lexa Map i 4
4 4
cole yout poll
Y = (At c+0) (A+ E+B) (atatt)
fille FOS teprecsin 2 wean Th. way Ke map.
Ys (Axaec) CAtAtE) Cat Rte) Catt+e) (Ate te)
\ { 1 1
i
coo
oo
i
FS
te
LA |
che!
elo ou lie
= Hon Pos
Y= A(R+e) a sof
pater oO
~ Map combina > 3a celle Zins MinTerm 1
Zs manTirm 10
a ae
Sinpty ustag Keomag
age
| DEN aw ort fou Ol to UU fey __tew
elolo U °
*lolo \ a
“Va qn o|t
we lo ju O10
Ye RUDE+4 Aden + AGE t BEET ABCD + ATE
@® Yo BUG, 7, 1B, ta, 18, 17, (8, 20,22) 2S, 24) + By (6,9, 11, 23, 30)
Mo Ut t oo
2
elo e
Lt
ata
e felalh Ll
¥> Be +Aeo + abo Examyls Use K-Map te solve POS emph-
Yo (Geerm) (ararten) (A+ sre tDCAtEs C+D) (Apa te +d)
4 ty 4 4
a0 0000 =D O10 lool oloo Lleo
lo Y= (Ae@4d) (Ata +e) (C+D)
7
Exangl,” Convert @ FOS exp in — ralnimam Pos ene"
~ Standard Sof emp”
5
= miniwe 9 enp™
Y= (Ra Beet D) (at Breed) (04 44D) (At SHEA EAL Bat tT 4d)
lee e100 00. colt loot v2lo
@ Hiarnuer POS emp”
; £ © Kandard Sot enp™ © minum wf
