DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL RUBY PARK, KOLKATA

SESSION: 2023-24
SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS
CLASS - 7
TOPIC: Decimals

Decimals are one of the types of numbers, which has a whole number and the fractional part
separated by a decimal point. The dot present between the whole number and fractional part
is called the decimal point. For example,25.386 is a decimal number. Here, 25 is a whole
number part and 386 is the fractional part. “.” is the decimal point.

Place Value in Decimals

The place value system is used to define the position of a digit in a number which helps to
determine its value. When we write specific numbers, the position of each digit is important.

The digits to the left of the decimal point are multiplied with the positive powers of ten in
increasing order from right to left.
The digits to the right of the decimal point are multiplied with the negative powers of 10 in
increasing order from left to right.
For example, the decimal expansion of 23.351 is
2 × 10 + 3 × 1 + 3 × 0.1 + 5 × 0.01 + 1 × 0.001
OR
1 1 1
2 × 10 + 3 × 1 + 3 × +5 × +1 ×
10 100 1000
Representation of a decimal on a Number Line
To represent a decimal on a number line, divide each segment of the number line into ten
equal parts.

Example: Lets represent the following decimals 0.9, -1.3, -0.6 and 1.1 on a number line.

Like and Unlike Decimals

Decimals with the same number of decimal places are called like decimals.
Following are the examples of like decimals with one decimal place.
2.1, 45.6, 15.6, 98.9
Like decimals with two decimal places.
1.33, 52.26, 999.21, 15.01
Decimals that do not have same number of decimal places (after decimal point), are called
unlike decimals. For example, 5.4 and 2.89 are unlike decimals.
How to convert unlike decimals to like decimals

Add zeroes to the right of the decimal point of the numeral that has less decimal point places.
Adding zeroes to the right of a decimal fraction after the point does not change the value of
the decimal fraction.

Adding and Subtracting Decimal Numbers

When adding and subtracting decimal numbers, line up the decimal point of all the numbers.
If a number does not show a decimal point, place one to the right of the whole number. You
may add zeroes to keep the columns lined up.

Multiplying Decimal Numbers

When multiplying decimal numbers, set up the problem like regular multiplication. When
you get your answer, add up the total number of digits to the right of the decimals in both the
numbers you are multiplying and place the decimal in your answer that many places from the
right end.

Dividing Decimal Numbers

When we divide decimals, we have to convert the divisor to a whole number by moving the
decimal point to the right. Then, we carry the dividend's decimal point up to the same number
of places to the right and divide the resultant numbers in the usual way as we perform in
regular long division.
Solved Examples

1) Express 7 rupees 7 paise as rupees using decimal.

7
Sol: 7 rupees 7 paise = 7 rupees + 100 rupees
= ₹ 7.07

2) Express 5 cm in metre and kilometre using decimal.

5
Sol: 5 cm = 100 m = 0.05 m
5
5 cm = 100000 km = 0.00005 km

3) Babita bought 4 kg 300 g apples and 4 kg 250 g mangoes. Sarala bought 2 kg 800 g
oranges and 6 kg 150 g bananas. Who bought more fruits?
Sol: Total fruits bought by Babita = 4 kg 300 g + 4 kg 250 g
= 8 kg 550 g
= 8.550 kg
Total fruits bought by Sarala = 2 kg 800 g + 6 kg 150 g
= 8 kg 950 g
= 8.950 kg
As 8.550 kg < 8.950 kg
∴ Sarala bought more fruits.

4) Rohit purchased a note book for ₹ 23.75, a pencil for ₹ 2.85 and a pen ₹ 15.90. He
gave a ₹ 50 note to the shopkeeper. What amount should he get back?
Sol: Total amount spent by Rohit on purchasing of the given articles
= ₹ (23.75 + 2.85 + 15.90)
=₹ 42.50
Money given to the shopkeeper = ₹ 50
∴ Money returned by the shopkeeper = ₹ (50 − 42.50)
= ₹ 7.50
Thus, amount received by Rohit = ₹ 7.50

5) Find the area of rectangle whose length is 5.7 cm and breadth is 3 cm.
Sol: Length = 5.7 cm and Breadth = 3 cm
Area = Length × Breadth sq. units
= 5.7 × 3
= 17.1 cm2
 6) A vehicle covers a distance of 43.2 km in 2.4 litres of petrol. How much distance will
it cover in one litre of petrol?

Sol: Distance covered in 2.4 litres of petrol = 43.2 km

∴Distance covered in 1 litre of petrol = 43.2 km ÷ 2.4 km
432 24
= ÷
10 10
432 10
= ×
10 24
= 18 km

Therefore, the vehicle will cover 18 km in 1 litre petrol.

Questions for Practice

Evaluate (1 to 5):
1) 37.0927 + 376.968
2) 5.8769 + 9.5038 + 6.75 + 5.6
3) 9.4 – 5.8147
4) 36.36 – 28.4237 – 9.78 + 7.7
5) 8.2 – 4.56 – 0.7912 + 2.67
6) What number added to 3.56 gives 13.016?
7) What is the excess of 20.4 over 9.7403?
8) Convert:
a) 6.754 dl to ml. b) 8.54 m to mm. c) 8695dm to hm. d) 17956 g to kg.
9) Divide: a) 1.5351 by 43 b) 7.25 ÷ 0.20
10) Multiply: 0.0016 x 0.05
11) Radha bought 6.3 kg of vegetables for her family. Of this, 2 kg were potatoes, 1 kg and
250 g were tomatoes, 750g were onions and 800 g were beans. She also bought equal
quantities of garlic and ginger. Find the quantity of garlic and ginger bought. (Give your
answer in decimal)

Choose the correct option-

12) Which of the following statement is true?
(a) 1.14 < 1.2 (b) 1.14 < 1.040 (c) 1.143 > 1.15 (d) 1.14 > 1.2
13) What should be subtracted from 0.1 to get 0.03?
(a) 70 (b) .007 (c) 0.7 (d) 0.07
14) 0.4 × 0.4 × 0.4 = ______.
(a) 0.064 (b) 0.64 (c) 6.4 (d) 0.0064
15) 0.64 × 0.64 + 0.64 × 0.72 + 0.36 × 0.36 = _______.
(a) 1 (b) 0.8962 (c) 0.9682 (d) 0.5392
16) The place value of 3 in 3.58 is
(a) 1 (b) 30 (c) 3 (d) 0.3
17) 15 cm is equal to
(a) 0.0015 km (b) 0.00015 km (c) .015 km (d) 15000 km
Assertion-Reason Type –
Each question has two statements, namely Assertion (A) and Reason (R). for selecting the
correct answer use the following code
a. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) correctly explains (A).
b. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) does not explain (A).
c. (A) is true, (R) is false.
d. (A) is false and (R) is true.
18) Assertion: To multiply a decimal number by 100, shift the decimal point to the right by
2 places.
Reason: 0.2 × 100 = 20.
27.75
19) Assertion: is decimal fraction.
100
27.75
Reason: The value of is 0.2575.
100

20) Assertion: The product of 0.03 × 0.9 is 0.027

3 9
Reason: 0.03 × 0.9 can be written as = 100 × 10.

21) Assertion: On dividing a decimal by 1000, the decimal point is shifted to the left by three
places.
5.5
Reason: 1000 = 0.0055.

Case Based Study

22) The Government takes all necessary steps to help the needy and poor people at the time
of pandemic. One such step includes distribution of general food items required by
households to fulfil their basic needs.
Bags containing 4 kg 500 g wheat flour, 2 kg 500 g rice and 1 kg 500 g sugar were made
for this purpose.
The cost of wheat flour, rice and sugar were ₹ 22 per kg, ₹ 20 per kg and ₹ 15 per kg
respectively.
Based on the above information find:
a) Total weight of each bag, expressed in kg.
b) Total cost of each bag
c) The number of bags of weight 1.8 kg formed from 90 kg sugar.

Answers

1) 414.0607 2) 27.7307 3) 3.5853 4) 5.8563 5) 5.5188 6) 9.456

7) 10.6597 8) (a) 675.4 ml(b) 8540 m (c) 8.695 hm (d) 17.956 kg 9) (a) 0.0357
(b) 36.25 10) 0.00008 11) 0.750kg 12) (a) 13) (d) 14) (a)
15) (a) 16) (c) 17) (b) 18) (a) 19) (b) 20) (b)
21) (a) 22) (a)8.5 kg (b) ₹ 171.50 (c) 50 bags