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Green IT
Technology and its Social,
• Green IT (green information technology) is the practice of
Legal, and Ethical Context environmentally sustainable computing.
• Green IT aims to minimize the negative impact of IT operations on the
NIB290COM environment by designing, manufacturing, operating and disposing of
computers and computer-related products in an environmentally-
friendly manner.
• The motives behind green IT practices include reducing the use of
Session 5 hazardous materials, maximizing energy efficiency during the product's
lifetime and promoting the biodegradability of unused and outdated
products.
• The concept of green IT emerged in 1992 when the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency launched Energy Star, a voluntary labeling program
that helps organizations save money and reduce greenhouse gas
emissions by identifying products that offer superior energy efficiency.
• Other components of green IT include the redesign of data centers and
the growing popularity of virtualization, green networking and cloud
computing.

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Content What Is Green IT

• What is Green IT • The Green IT is composed of two things:
• Why Green IT 1. Minimizing the negative impact of information
technology use on the.
• How organizations could apply Green IT 2. Environment Using information technology to help
• Practical application of Green IT solve environmental issues.
• Advantages of Green IT • Green IT is a set of practical measures designed to
ensure that Information Technology is developed,
• Problem and limitation of Green IT delivered and used in a way that is environmentally
• Global Trends in Green IT friendly, sustainable and energy efficient.
• Expected Outcomes

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What Is Green IT Why Green IT

• Green IT is a collection of strategic and tactical • Rising energy demand with a more limited supply
initiatives that directly reduces the carbon footprint of and increasing utility costs.
an organization’s computing operation. Also the study
and practice of using computing resources in an • Management of hazardous waste and electronic
efficient, effective and economic way. equipment disposal (e-waste).
• Green IT starts with manufacturers producing • Increasing gasoline costs, which drive up employee
environmentally friendly products and encouraging IT
departments to consider more friendly options like commuting costs leading to retention issues. Rising
virtualization, power management and proper recycling transportation costs and travel complexities.
habits.
• Increasing real estate and building rental
• Also includes Increasing hardware utilization, reducing
life-cycle costs and looking for ways to cut down on • A stronger regulatory climate at the federal, state
computer waste. and local levels

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How Organizations Could Apply Green How Organizations Could Apply Green
IT IT
• The green IT concept can be applied in to any of • The green IT concept can be applied in to any of
organization in following ways.
organization in following ways.
1. Reducing Environmental Waste 1. Reducing Environmental Waste
• The first step to take in going to a green IT system is to look at ways
2. Improving Energy Efficiency that can reduce office’s electronic waste. The office can start with
3. Green IT Purchasing the computers of its employees use and how dispose of them.
• A typical desktop computer contains a kilogram of lead and a
number of dangerous chemicals that includes arsenic, boron, and
nitric acid. Computers become outdated within a few years and
need to be replaced regularly to keep office efficiency up.
• Before dispose of old computers, consider other ways that can use
them. For starters, office could salvage them for parts needed for
hardware repairs or could donate the old computers to families
who can make use of them, thus keeping them out of landfills.

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How Organizations Could Apply Green How Organizations Could Apply Green
IT IT
• The green IT concept can be applied in to any of • The green IT concept can be applied in to any of
organization in following ways. organization in following ways.
2. Improving Energy Efficiency 3. Green IT Purchasing
• One great initiative that can help makes the IT department • Another green information technology step that can take
greener while also saving the company money is to involves controlling company’s purchasing of new equipment.
encourage better energy consumption. Evaluate company needs carefully and determine what
• Many offices leave their computers on at all times, which technology will help the environment while saving money at
over one year creates carbon emissions equal to over 2,000 the same time.
cars on the road for a day. By turning off computers at night • When ordering new monitors, choose LCD monitors to use
or when not in use for a long period of time, can save less energy. Encourage the use of laptops or tablets over
thousands of kilowatts of electricity and dramatically more wasteful desktop models. Seek out laser printers and
decrease the company’s energy bill at the same time. copiers that have effective hibernation modes that leave
• The IT department can also adjust power settings on them powered down when not in use.
computers so they go into standby after shorter period of • Most importantly, go to a paperless system wherever
inactivity, thus saving power during meetings or on lunch possible. One of the biggest wastes in any office comes from
breaks. the massive amount of paper needless used on a daily basis.

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Practical Applications of Green IT Practical Applications of Green IT

• The green computing and the green IT is the same • Product longevity
concept. So, we can identify the below approach • We use the more natural resource, when we develop
under the green IT. new computer. But we can make the reused part of
that product and fixed it .Then product life time can be
1. Product longevity 8. Operating system extend.
2. Algorithmic efficiency support • As example the manufacturing a new PC makes a far
3. Resource allocation 9. Store bigger ecological footprint than manufacturing a new
RAM module to upgrade an existing one, a common
4. Virtualization 10. Display upgrade that saves the user having to purchase a new
5. Terminal servers 11. Materials recycling computer.
6. Power management 12. Data Center • Ex/ manufacturing a new RAM module to upgrade an
existing one.
7. Power supply

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Practical Applications of Green IT Practical Applications of Green IT

• Algorithmic efficiency • Resource allocation
• The efficiency of algorithms has an impact on the • In this approach used algorithms which can also be used to
amount of computer resources required for any given route data to data centers where electricity is less
computing function and there are many efficiency expensive. Some university in the world tests these
trade-offs in writing programs. algorithms successfully.( As Example Carnegie Mellon
University and Akamai.)
• As computers have become more numerous and the • This help to save 40 percentage electronic cost . Also a
cost of hardware has declined relative to the cost of similar approach has been used to cut energy usage by
energy, the energy efficiency and environmental impact routing traffic away from data centers experiencing warm
of computing systems and programs has received weather; this allows computers to be shut down to avoid
increased attention. using air conditioning.
• Ex/switching from a slow search algorithm to a fast is • EX/energy allocation algorithm used routes traffic to the
reduce the search time and the power wastage. data centers location with the cheapest energy costs.

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Practical Applications of Green IT Practical Applications of Green IT

• Virtualization • Terminal servers
• Here the system administrator could combine several • Terminal servers have also been used in green computing. When
physical systems into virtual machines on one single, using the system, users at a terminal connect to a central server;
all of the actual computing is done on the server, but the end user
powerful system, thereby unplugging the original experiences the operating system on the terminal.
hardware and reducing power and cooling • These can be combined with thin clients, who use up to 1/8 the
consumption. amount of energy of a normal workstation, resulting in a
• Several commercial companies and open-source decrease of energy costs and consumption. There has been an
projects now offer software packages to enable a increase in using terminal services with thin clients to create
transition to virtual computing. virtual labs.
• There has been an increase in using terminal services with thin
• Example:- Intel Corporation and AMD have also built clients to create virtual labs.
proprietary virtualization enhancements to the x86 • Examples: Terminal Services for Windows, Linux Terminal Server
instruction set into each of their CPU product lines, in Project (LTSP) for the Linux operating system.
order to facilitate virtualized computing.

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Practical Applications of Green IT Practical Applications of Green IT

• Power management • Power supply & consumption
• Here consider the advance power management technique • Older power supply machine are have 70-75% of the
to control the power saving aspect of the under Lear efficient. But under new Energy Star 4.0- certified desktop
hardware in the computers. PSUs (Power Supply Units) must be at least 80% efficient.
• The Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI), an So this usage again saves the world power usage and
open industry standard, regarding the power saving. This reduces the power wastage in computers.
allows a system to automatically turn off components such • IT companies use natural day light to lighten most of the
as monitors and hard drives after set periods of inactivity. working space. Also use the LED or CFL bulbs to lighten the
• In addition, a system may hibernate, where most working space which cannot lighten the natural day light.
components (including the CPU and the system RAM) are Some of the companies use solar power to fulfill the power
turned off. ACPI is a successor to an earlier Intel-Microsoft demand which is zero pollution and reduce carbon foot
standard called Advanced Power Management, which prints.
allows a computer's BIOS to control power management • There are many other ways to reduce the power
functions. consumption and save more energy.

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Practical Applications of Green IT Practical Applications of Green IT

• Operating system support • Store
• Modern operating systems which are developed by the deferent • Smaller form factor hard disk drives Often consume less
company are supports to more power saving methods. power per gigabyte than physically larger drives. The
• Operating system timers, processor power management and manufacturers of the world's fastest Solid State Storage
display panel brightness are some of feathers support by the devices, managed to reduce the carbon footprint and
modern operating system. Also there is a significant market in operating costs of MySpace data centers by 80% while
third-party PC power management software offering features increasing performance speeds beyond that which had been
beyond those present in the Windows operating system. attainable via multiple hard disk drives in Raid 0..
• Most products offer Active Directory integration and per- • Also most organization used the online or offline database
user/per-machine settings with the more advanced offering server and backup to store data. The increase in online
multiple power plans, scheduled power plans, anti-insomnia storage has increased power consumption. Reducing the
features and enterprise power usage reporting. power consumed by large storage arrays, while still
• Ex/Multiple power plans, Third-party PC power management providing the benefits of online storage, is a subject of
software. ongoing research.
• EX/ My space, solid-state drives

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Practical Applications of Green IT Practical Applications of Green IT

• Display • Materials recycling
• LCD monitors typically use a cold-cathode • Recycling computing equipment can keep harmful
fluorescent bulb to provide light for the display. materials such as lead, mercury, and hexavalent
chromium out of landfills, and can also replace
• Some newer displays use an array of light-emitting equipment that otherwise would need to be
diodes (LEDs) in place of the fluorescent bulb, manufactured, saving further energy and emissions.
which reduces the amount of electricity used by
• Computer systems that have outlived their particular
the display. function can be re-purposed, or donated to various
charities and non-profit organizations. So these metals
can be reused to the developed different equipment
tools. Then we can reduce the environment pollution.

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Practical Applications of Green IT Practical Applications of Green IT

• Data Center • Data centers should
• Due to the vast quantities of electricity needed to power and cool
the center, the data center is often one of the costliest portions of • Eliminate energy leaks
an IT organization. • Use innovative and more efficient cooling methods
• Facilities issues, including expensive and inefficient cooling • Replace high-density servers with virtual servers
methods, can be improved or eliminated to make the data center
more environmentally friendly. • Use alternative storage tactics
• In addition to the high IT organizational costs, data centers • Reconfigure data center floor layouts
contribute greatly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In the long
term, the best answer to the power and cooling issues is greater • Explore alternative energy sources
design focus at the component level, coupled with the ability to
manage power at a high level.
• CIOs also need to plan on building future data centers in a
modular way, so that power consumption can be scaled with
growth.

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Advantages of Green IT Advantages of Green IT

• Reducing carbon and other GHG emissions • Increasing cooling efficiency in the data center
• Proper asset disposal practices can eliminate toxic • By leveraging local climates and using chilled loop
waste from entering landfill systems. and free cooling strategies, IT organizations can
• Recycling old equipment, when possible, decreases decrease energy consumption through cooling
waste and can offer potential cost savings to practices.
organizations that reuse IT assets. It can reduce the
carbon and other GHG emissions.
• In modern world increased legislation surrounding
energy efficiency, toxic materials, and greenhouse
gases (GHG) in the United States, European Union,
and China.

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Advantages of Green IT Advantages of Green IT

• Reducing energy costs • Companies are saving tons of money
• Rising energy costs over the past five years. Cloud • Green IT can save precious energy, time and money
Computing can be used to reduce the energy costs. Green
computing could save substantial amount of energy, cloud spent in manufacturing these electronic items.
computing involves replacing regular servers with the virtual Resources used and money spent in manufacturing
ones. an electronic item from scratch are far greater than
• The different areas where cloud computing finds application those needed for recycling it.
includes data storage, networking, operating systems and
software applications. The practice of switching off • Green IT measures can be used for improving the
computers at night helps in saving a considerable amount of algorithmic efficiency of computers. An efficient
energy.
• The power supplied to scanners and printers should be cut algorithm makes minimum use of resources.
off whenever these devices are not in use. This practice can Therefore, the productivity increases diversely and
also save a considerable amount of energy. saving money

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Advantages of Green IT Advantages of Green I

• Reducing the amount of space need for servers • Helping to minimize their environmental impact
• Cloud computing involves replacing regular servers • Green IT is reducing the carbon and other GHG
with the virtual ones. Therefore cloud computing emissions.
can be used to reduce the need for servers. • As it focuses on purchasing computing equipment
that is more energy efficient and environmentally
• Virtualization is a large part of reducing the amount friendly and includes programs to extend
of space need for servers, but there are other equipment useful life, recycle and engage with
solutions that businesses are implementing that suppliers that demonstrate a commitment to
helps green up their servers. reducing hazardous materials in their
manufacturing, packaging and factory waste
management programs.

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Problem and limitation of Green IT Problem and limitation of Green IT

• Cost • Payback period.
• Much of the technology associated with green living does
provide benefits to the environment but often at a much • The time factor is also an issue in terms of the
higher cost than their traditional counterparts. For instance, payback rate of certain green living investments.
the use of solar panels can potentially save you money on
your energy bills, but they can cost thousands of dollars to • For example, replacing regular light bulbs with
install. compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs) can help the
• Energy-efficient appliances are designed to use less environment and save money, but it typically takes
electricity and water but they often come with a high price about four months for them to pay back the
tag. difference in their cost.
• The use of data centers established in cold places like North
Pole region also causes in unnecessary cost due to high • Also for producing green IT products takes more
maintenance and high quality and high cost equipment. cost while it unable to use for a long time.

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Problem and limitation of Green IT Global Trends in Green IT

• Rapid technology change • Green Data Centers
• With the rapid change in technology, world is • The move towards green in data centers, which are
innovating more consumer efficient product day by day.
the largest part of the power-hungry IT ecosystem,
• Because of that whether the product is sufficient with is evolving.
the need; consumers are willing to buy the same
product with new features. So it causes in dump the • Data Centers may be contributing to over 15% of
previous version. It also affect in the green IT concept. total energy usage by some organizations.
• People are inventing new environmental friendly IT • Better efficiencies, smarter cooling, use of
product, but with the rapid technology change the
product are not in use at the end. It increases the cost alternative energy, and smarter utilization of data
and wastage. resources are all part of this evolution.

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Global Trends in Green IT Global Trends in Green IT

• Create a Green ROI Formula • Green IT Innovator
• A Green IT Return-on-Investment is a formula for • The key innovations in moving data, services, people,
transactions and systems that will demonstrate the
both selling and justifying the need to change, and commitment to being a Green IT innovator.
what capital or investments in people or equipment
• Finding clear green innovations that can implement in
will need to deliver on for Green IT plan. how move data, people, paper, systems, transactions
• If invest X, and communications is becoming a new trend in Green
• What will be the ROI? IT.
• Will it be in customer appreciation?
• Reduced costs?
• New business opportunities?

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Global Trends in Green IT Expected Outcomes

• Serve Customers Smarter with Green IT • Understand about the why we need Green IT
• Green IT is an excellent way to serve customers and • Understand about the nature and challenges for
grow market share by being an innovator.
the Green IT
• Green will affect customer buying decisions.
Organizations should keep in mind, most customers are • Get to know about how we can consume less
green supporters, and they expect your organization to energy in an efficient way for our working
make change. environment and client businesses
• Also, organizations can use Green IT to teach their
customers how to become green.
• Study about how we could save energy and protect
environment through our day to day activities.

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