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Tutorial 17oct DM

1. This document provides tutorial problems for solving partial differential equations using separation of variables and other methods. The problems cover solving non-homogeneous heat equations, wave equations in one dimension with various boundary and initial conditions. 2. Problem 4 shows that the one dimensional wave equation can be reduced to a form where the solution can be expressed as the sum of two arbitrary functions of shifted arguments involving x and t. 3. Problem 5 considers the wave equation in an infinite medium and shows that the solution can be written as the average of the initial condition function evaluated at shifted arguments involving x and t.

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Harsh Sharma
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38 views2 pages

Tutorial 17oct DM

1. This document provides tutorial problems for solving partial differential equations using separation of variables and other methods. The problems cover solving non-homogeneous heat equations, wave equations in one dimension with various boundary and initial conditions. 2. Problem 4 shows that the one dimensional wave equation can be reduced to a form where the solution can be expressed as the sum of two arbitrary functions of shifted arguments involving x and t. 3. Problem 5 considers the wave equation in an infinite medium and shows that the solution can be written as the average of the initial condition function evaluated at shifted arguments involving x and t.

Uploaded by

Harsh Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Indian Institute of Technology Indore

MA203 Complex Analysis and Differential Equations-II


(Autumn Semester 2023)
Instructor: Dr. Debopriya Mukherjee
Tutorial Sheet 3
1. [Nonhomogeneous heat equation] Can you think of an idea—based on what we have learned
in the class—to solve a nonhomogeneous heat equation

ut − α2 uxx = 7e−2x , t > 0, 0<x<L (∗)

with the boundary conditions

u(0, t) = 0, u(L, t) = 0, for all t ≥ 0

and the initial condition

u(x, 0) = f (x), 0 < x < L,

where f (x) is a given function? [The term on the right-hand side of the nonhomogeneous
heat equation (∗) may represent heat loss in the bar.]

2. Find the solution of the wave equation

∂2u ∂2u
2
= c2 2 t > 0, 0 < x < L,
∂t ∂x
satisfying the boundary conditions

u(0, t) = 0, u(L, t) = 0 for t≥0

and the initial conditions

u(x, 0) = f (x), ut (x, 0) = g(x) for 0 ≤ x ≤ L,

by directly using the method of separation of variables.

3. Determine the solution of the wave equation

∂2u 2
2∂ u
= c t > 0, 0 < x < 1,
∂t2 ∂x2
satisfying the boundary conditions

u(0, t) = 1, u(1, t) = 0 for t ≥ 0

and the initial conditions

u(x, 0) = 1 − x, ut (x, 0) = 0 for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.

4. (a) Show that the wave equation

∂2u 2
2∂ u
= c
∂t2 ∂x2
can be reduced to the form uξη = 0 by the change of variables ξ = x − ct and η = x + ct.

1
(b) Show that u(x, t) can be written as

u(x, t) = ϕ(x − ct) + ψ(x + ct),

where ϕ and ψ are arbitrary functions.

5. Consider the wave equation

utt = c2 uxx

in an infinite one-dimensional medium subject to the initial conditions

u(x, 0) = f (x), ut (x, 0) = 0 for − ∞ < x < ∞.

Using the form of the solution obtained in problem 5, show that the solution of the given
problem is
1 
u(x, t) = f (x − ct) + f (x + ct) .
2

6. Show that the solution of problem 2 with g(x) = 0 obtained with the method of separation
of variables can be written in the form
1 
u(x, t) = h(x − ct) + h(x + ct) .
2

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