Screenshot 2023-01-22 at 19.25.23
Screenshot 2023-01-22 at 19.25.23
Screenshot 2023-01-22 at 19.25.23
2. After abdominal surgery the sequence of bowel motility restoration is: (!!!)
Small gut
Stomach
Right colon
Left colon
7. Neurotmesis Is:
A. Interruption of axonal continuity but preservation of Schwann cell basal lamina
B. Complete transection of nerve
C. Congenital absence of nerve
D. Focal demyelination of nerve
8. Commonest cause of the Metabolic alkalosis in surgical patient is:
A. Gastric outlet obstruction
B. Antacid therapy
C. Steroid treatment
D. Hyperventilation because of the head injury
11. All of the following points are true for the necrotizing fasciitis EXCEPT:
A. Characterized by high mortality rate
B. Treatment - Oral antibiotics
C. Treatment - Removal of all necrotized skin and fascia
D. Is caused by the septic thrombosis of the vessels
16. Which of the following studies is most helpful in evaluating a patient's risk for
a routine operative procedure:
A. Electrocardiogram
B. History
C. Chest x-ray
D. Physical examination
23. Preventing measures for the postoperative lung atelectasis are all of the
following EXCEPT:
A. Swan-Ganz catheter
B. Splinting of wound when coughing
C. Incentive deep breathing exercises
D. Frequent change of patient's position
25. Major surgical procedures can be performed when platelet count is above:
A. 10,000/ μL
B. 50,000/mL
C. 75,000/ μL
D. 25000/ μL
32. Which of the following is the lardest fluid compartment in the body?
A. Plasma
B. Intracellular fluid
C. Interstitial fluid
D. Central spinal fluid
34. How many calories per day are required to maintain basal metabolosm in a healthy adult?
A. 10-15 kcal/kg/day
B. 20-25 kcal/kg/day
C. 30-35 kcal/kg/day
D. 40-45 kcal/kg/day
39. Delayed wound healing could be associated with all of the following conditions
EXCEPT:
A. Protein depletion
B. Chemotherapy
C. Receiving large doses of corticosteroids
D. Pneumothorax
42. Fresh frozen plasma is used for the all of the following conditions EXCEPT:
A. Correct anemia
B. Replacement of coagulation factors
C. Warfarin overdose
D. During an active bleeding
43. Risk factors for pulmonary aspiration of the gastric contents are EXCEPT:
A. Pregnancy
B. Food in the stomach
C. Deprensed consclousness
D. Lung atelectasis
48. During remodeling phase of wound healing the tensile strength of the scar
tissue gradually increases because of:
A. Collagen type Ill is gradually replaced by stronger type I collagen
B. Number of blood vessels in the scar is reduced
C. The fibroblasts start to disappear
D. Scar shrinkage
51. First line treatment in an adult with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura includes
A. Retuximan
B. IV immunoglobulin
C. Desmopressin
D. Splenectomy
62. Choose and match the correct diagnosis: A 7-year-old boy with nut allergy
develops stridor and collapses after eating a snack. He requires airway and
breathing support. His BP is 60/38 mmHg.
A. Septic shock
B. Anaphylactic shock
C. Hypovolernic shock – hemorrhagic
D. Cardiogenic shock
63. In Glasgow Coma Scale all of the following are considered EXCEPT:
A. Motor response
B. Verbal response
C. Eye movement
D. Sensory response
64. Following points are true for the necrotizing fasciitis EXCEPT:
A. Treatment - Oral antibiotics
B. Treatment - Removal of all necrotized skin and fascia
C. Characterized by high mortality rate
D. Is caused by the septic thrombosis of the vessels
67. Delayed wound healing is expected in following patient group: (Preoperative care II)
A. Protein depletion
B. Receiving large doses of corticosteroids
C. Epilepsy
D. Chemotherapy
68. High risk of thromboembolism has a patient with all of the following condition
EXCEPT:
A. Cancer
B. Obesity
C. Myocardial infarction
D. INR>2.5
69. In the usual preparation for general surgery, the patient may be:
A. Given specifically ordered oral medications with couple glasses of water
B. Given ice chips
C. NPO for 12 to 14 hours before
D. Allowed to brush teeth and swallow water
70. All vegetative bacteria and most resistant dry spores are destroyed by the
following methods of sterilization EXCEPT:
A. Autoclaving
B. Dry heat
C. Ethylene oxide gas
D. Boiling
71. Which of the following can be used to mitigate cortisol effects on wound healing?
A. Vitamin E
B. Vitamin A
C. Vitamin B12
D. Vitamin C
72. Transfusion therapy means the intravenous administration of all the following
fluids EXCEPT:
A. Plasma
B. Red blood cells
C. Ringer-Lactate solution
D. Cryoprecipitate
74. The following points are tue for Split-thickness skin graft EXCEPT:
A. Is harvested using dermatomes
B. Needs vascular anastomosis for blood supply
C. Consists of epidermis and part of dermis
D. May be "meshed" to cover larger area
75. Signs of postoperative wound hematoma are all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Blood leakage between stitches
B. Vomitus
C. Discoloration of the wound edges
D. Swelling of wound area
78. Which of the following conditions is NOT a risk factor for the wound dehiscence:
A. Corticosteroids
B. Arterial hypertension
C. Obesity
D. Microcirculatory disorders diabetes Melius., uremia. Immunosuppression.
jaundice. sepsis. hypoalbuminemia., cancer
79. Failure of healing of the gastrointestinal wall sutures could lead to the
following complications EXCEPT:
A. Peritonitis
B. Intrastiominalabscees
C. Fistula formation
D. Intestinal obstruction
80. Which layer of the intestine has the greatest tensile strength (i.e. ability to hold
sutures)?
A. Muscularis
B. Serosa
C. Mucosa
D. Submucosa
82. Transfusion of one unit of RBCs generally increases hemoglobin level by:
A. 0.5 g/dL
B. 5 g/dL
C. 3 g/dL
D. 1 g/dL
83. Which of the following is the cation present in largest amounts in intracellular
fluid?
A. Sodium
B. Chloride
C. Potassium
D. Calcium
96. For most elective (nonemergency) cases the correct sequence of patient
management is:
❖ 1. History
❖ 2. Physical examination
❖ 3. Laboratory & instrumental examination
❖ 4. Treatment & follow-up
103. During the hemostasis phase of wound healing main cell type found in the wound is:
A. Platelets
B. Macrophages
C. Fibroblasts
D. Neutrophils
104. During the late inflamation phase of wound healing the main cell type found
in the wound is:
A. Platelets
B. Macrophages
C. Fibroblasts
D. Neutrophils
105. During the early inflamation phase of wound healing the main cell type found
in the wound is:
A. Platelets
B. Macrophages
C. Fibroblasts
D. Neutrophils
106. During the proliferation phase of wound healing the main cell type found in
the wound is:
A. Platelets
B. Macrophages
C. Fibroblasts
D. Neutrophils
107. Disatvantages of dry heat sterilisation are all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Dulls sharp and cutting instruments
B. Burn fabric, plastic or rubber material
C. Spoils metal instruments
D. Does not destroy dry spores
109. Compromised immune competence is expected in all of the following groups EXCEPT:
A. Having joint dislocated
B. Receiving corticosteroids
C. Malnutrated patients
D. Organ transplant recipients
110. Symptoms of Class III hypovolemia (loss of 30-40% of blood volume) are:
A. Face hyperemia, bradycardia
B. Dry mouth, normal pulse pressure
C. Tachycardia and decreased pulse pressure but, normal BP (Class II)
D. Tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension, oliguria, and changes in mental status
111. A patient presents to the emergency room with a temperature of 39°C, heart
rate of 115, and respiratory rate of 25. There are no localised simptoms and
the work-up does not reveal any specific source for fever. Which of the
following best discribes the patient's condition?
A. SIRS
B. Septic shock
C. Infectin
D. Sepsis
113. Surgeon should receive an immunization to protect them from infection with
A. Hepatitis A
B. Hepatitis B
C. Hepatitis C
D. Human immunodeficiency virus
No. Question Correct Answer
1 Phases of bone healing are all of the following EXCEPT: Epithelisation
2 Treatmet of superficial wound infection is: Opening the small segment of incision and
4 Examples of deep wound infections are following EXCEPT: Abscess under the axillary skin
6 A chronic pain of an healed wound can be caused by: Occult incisional hernia
12 Following points are true for the necrotizing fasciitis EXCEPT: Treatment - Oral antibiotics
15 Treatment of superficial wound infection is: Opening the small segment of incision and
16 Keloids are characterized by the following points EXCEPT: Often regress over time
17 A chronic pain of an healed wound can be caused by: Stitch abscess or granuloma
28 Wound reepithelisation occures by: Covering the granulation tissue with epitheli
2 Treatment options of gastric dilation includes following: Decompression with a nasogastric tube
In the gastrointestinal surgery serosa-to-serosa Serosa releases fibrin which makes suture
4 approximation is important because: line watertight.
Wound heals by secondary intention during following
5 circumstances EXCEPT: Wound is clean and sutured
During remodeling phase of wound healing the tensile Collagen type III is gradually replaced by
21 strength of the scar tissue gradually increases because of: stronger type I collagen
22 Postoperative thromboembolism can be prevented by: Low molecular weight heparin
23 A chronic pain of an healed wound can be caused by: Nerve entrapment in suture
All of the following points are true for the necrotizing fasciitis
32 EXCEPT: Treatment - Oral antibiotics
The following points are tue for Split-thickness skin Needs vascular anastomosis for blood
35 graftEXCEPT: supply
Symptoms of Class III hypovolemia (loss of 30-40% of blood Tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension,
36 volume) are: oliguria, and changes in mental status
Signs of postoperative wound hematoma are all of the
37 following EXCEPT: Vomitus
38 Wound reepithelisation occurs by: Covering the granulation tissue with epitheli
General surgery
MIDTERM 1- 29.04.2021
1. Risk of the thromboembolism is increased in the patients with the following
conditions EXCEPT: (Preoperative care II)
A. Cancer
B. Prior history of thrombosis
C. Obesity
D. Parotitis*
2. Physical examination of the patient is the part of the: (Preoperative care I)
A. Objective examination
B. Subjective examination
4. After surgery, convalescent period of recovery usually occurs in: (Postoperative care)
A. ICU
B. Patirnt's home
C. Wards
D. PACU
5. Gastric dilation is prevented by one of the following methods: (Postoperative complications II)
A. Nasogastric tube placement
B. Smoking casation
C. Laxatives
D. Preoperative low calory diet
A. Smoking cesation
B. Selliks maneuver
C. Preoperative fasting
D. Proton pump inhibitor administration
12. When using the incentive spirometer the patient must: (Postoperative care)
A. Blow
B. Aspirate
13. Multiple clotting factor deficiencies are corrected by one of the following:
(Postoperative care)
14. Negative effects of the opioids are all of the following EXCEPT: (!!!)
A. Respiratory depression
B. Altered mental state
C. Constipation
D. Diarrhea
15. Delirium tremens is the postoperative complication of the following: (Postoperative complications II)
A. Alcoholism
B. Malnutrition
C. Diabetes
D. Appendicitis
16. Complications of the subclavian catheter are all of the following EXCEPT: (!!!)
(Postoperative complications I)
A. Cardiac arrhithmias
B. Arterial damage
C. Pneumothorax
D. Melena
26. High risk of thromboembolism has a patient with all of the following condition
EXCEPT:
A. Obesity
B. Cancer
C. Myocardial infarction
D. INR>2.5
MIDTERM 1- 26.10.2021
1. All of the following contribute for the development of the lung atelectasis
EXCEPT:
A. Prolonged posture
B. Thick bronchial discharge
C. Lack of the deep breath
D. Breathing exercises
5. In the usual preparation for general surgery, the patient may be:
A. Given ice chips
B. Given specifically ordered oral medications with couple glasses of water
C. Allowed to brush teeth and swallow water
D. NPO for 12 to 14 hours before
6. Signs of the postoperative paralytic ileus resolution are:
A. Distended abdomen
B. Lack of the audible peristalsis
C. Passage of flatus
D. Loss of the appetite
8. Markers of malnutrition during preoperative evaluation are EXCEPT: (Preoperative care II)
A. Serum albumin of <3 g/dL
B. Serum transferrin <150 mg/dL
C. Elevated free thyroxin
D. Weight loss >20%
10. Physical examination of the patient is the part of the: (Preoperative care I)
A. Objective examination
B. Subjective examination
11. High risk of thromboembolism has a patient with all of the following condition
EXCEPT:
A. Obesity
B. Cancer
C. Myocardial infarction
D. INR>2.5
15. Disadvantages of dry heat sterilization are all of the following EXCEPT: (Preoperative care II)
E. Dulls sharp and cutting instruments
F. Burn fabric, plastic or rubber material
G. Spoils metal instruments
H. Does not destroy dry spores
17. All vegetative bacteria and most resistant dry spores are destroyed by the
following methods of sterilization EXCEPT:
A. Autoclaving
B. Dry heat
C. Boiling
D. Ethylene oxide gas
18. Delayed wound healing is expected in following patient group: (Preoperative care II)
E. Protein depletion
F. Receiving large doses of corticosteroids
G. Epilepsy
H. Chemotherapy
19. Delayed wound healing is expected in all of the following groups EXCEPT:
A. Ascorbic acid deficiency
B. Receiving large doses of corticosteroids
C. Cut by sharp knife
D. Diabetes mellitus
20. Delayed wound healing is NOT associated with the following: (Preoperative care II)
A. Protein depletion
B. Receiving large doses of corticosteroids
C. Pneumothorax
D. Chemotherapy
24. Patients general health could be estimated as all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Stabile
B. Serious but stabile
C. Good
D. Critical
25. Which of the following studies is most helpful in evaluating a patient's risk for
a routine operative procedure:
A. Chest x-ray
B. Physical examination
C. Electrocardiogram
D. History
3. Excess healing after gastrointestinal surgery could lead to the following complications:
A. Diarrhea
B. Stricture formation
C. Gastrointestinal bleeding
D. Fistula formation
4. All of the following principles are important for seccessful healing of the bowel
anastomosis EXCEPT:
A. Absence of tension
B. Adequate blood supply
C. Depressed bowel motility
D. Adequate nutrition
11. Damage control resuscitation means all the following principles EXCEPT:
A. O-negative uncrosmathched RBC is used before typing results are available
B. Initial transfusion of red blood cells
C. In case of massive transfusion plasma, platelets and red blood cells are
transfused in a 1:1:1 ratio
D. Initial infusion of normal saline
18. Tests necessary for RBC transfusion are the following EXCEPT:
A. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing
B. Cross matching
C. Rh typing
D. ABO typing
34. Failure of healing of the gastrointestinal wall sutures could lead to the
following complications EXCEPT:
A. Peritonitis
B. Fistula formation
C. Intestinal obstruction
D. Intraabdominal abscess
38. During the late inflamation phase of wound healing the main cell type found in
the wound is:
A. Platelets
B. Macrophages
C. Fibroblasts
D. Neutrophils
39. During the early inflamation phase of wound healing the main cell type found
in the wound is:
A. Platelets
B. Macrophages
C. Fibroblasts
D. Neutrophils
40. During the proliferation phase of wound healing the main cell type found in the wound is:
A. Platelets
B. Macrophages
C. Fibroblasts
D. Neutrophils
41. Following points are true for the necrotizing fasciitis EXCEPT:
A. Treatment - Oral antibiotics
B. Characterized by high mortality rate
C. Is caused by the septic thrombosis of the vessels
D. Treatment - Removal of all necrotized skin and fascia
43. Symptoms of Class III hypovolemia (loss of 30-40% of blood volume) are:
A. Face hyperemia, bradycardia
B. Dry mouth, normal pulse pressure
C. Tachycardia and decreased pulse pressure but, normal BP (Class II)
D. Tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension, oliguria, and changes in mental status
44. Acute is a wound which heals earlier then:
A. 6 weeks
B. 10 weeks
C. 3 months
D. 2 months
45. The following points are tue for Split-thickness skin graft EXCEPT:
A. May be "meshed" to cover larger area
B. Is harvested using dermatomes
C. Consists of epidermis and part of dermis
D. Needs vascular anastomosis for blood supply
Questions Answer
During the hemostasis phase of wound
healing main cell type found in the wound Platelets
is:
Neurotmesis is: Complete transection of nerve
In the gastrointestinal surgery serosa-to- Serosa releases fibrin which makes suture
serosa approximation is important line watertight.
because:
During the proliferation phase of wound
healing the main cell type found in the Fibroblasts
wound is:
Wound heals by secondary intention
Wound is clean and sutured
during following circumstances EXCEPT:
Failure of healing of the gastrointestinal
wall sutures could lead to the following Intestinal obstruction
complications EXCEPT:
Phases of bone healing are all of the Epithelisation
following EXCEPT:
All of the following principles are
important for successful healing of the Depressed bowel motility
bowel anastomosis EXCEPT:
Acute is a wound which heals earlier 6 weeks
then:
Neurapraxia is: Focal demyelination of nerve
Following factors affect wound healing Antibiotics
EXCEPT:
Main components of the extracellular Myosin
matrix are all EXCEPT:
Wounds could be classified as following Preoperative
EXCEPT:
The symptom of superficial wound Hyperemia
infection is:
During the early inflammation phase of
wound healing the main cell type found in Neutrophils
the wound is:
The correct sequence of wound healing
phases is:
Wounds could be classified as following Congenital
EXCEPT:
Wound heals by secondary intention Wound edges are separated
when:
Axonotmesis is: Interruption of axonal continuity but
preser
Following factors affect wound healing Wound irrigation
EXCEPT:
During the late inflammation phase of
wound healing the main cell type found in Macrophages
the wound is:
Excess healing after gastrointestinal
surgery could lead to the following Stricture formation
complications:
During remodeling phase of wound Collagen type III is gradually replaced by
healing the tensile strength of the scar stronger type I collagen
tissue gradually increases because of:
Wound reepithelisation occurs by: Covering the granulation tissue with
epitheli
The main peculiarity of fetal wound Absence of scarring
healing is:
Following factors affect wound healing Vitamins
EXCEPT:
Laparotomy belongs to the following Abrasion
wound types EXCEPT:
Wounds could be classified as following Partial
EXCEPT:
Major types of chronic wound are Post appendectomy wound
EXCEPT:
Wound heals by primary intention when: There is a little gap between wound
edges
Which of the following conditions is NOT
Arterial hypertension
a risk factor for the wound dehiscence:
Prevention of the postoperative parotitis
consists of all of the following measures Administration of anticholinergic
EXCEPT:
Hypertrophic scars are: Rise above the skin level but stay within
the
Immediate postoperative complications
Incisional hernia
could be all of the following EXCEPT:
A chronic pain of an healed wound can be Nerve entrapment in suture
caused by:
A chronic pain of an healed wound can be Stitch abscess or granuloma
caused by:
For the postoperative acute urinary
retention all of the following statements It is treated by diuretics.
are true EXCEPT:
Chronic Granulomatous Disease is caused The congenital defect of phagocyte
by: function
Treatment of early gastric dilation Nasogastric tube insertion
consists of the following:
Early postoperative complications are all
Keloid formation
of the following EXCEPT:
Treatment of superficial wound infection Opening the small segment of incision
is: and
Marjolin ulcer is: Malignant transformation of chronic
wound
A chronic pain of an healed wound can be Occult incisional hernia
caused by:
Gastric dilation if untreated leads to the
Melena
following condition EXCEPT:
The following test is used for the
evaluation of the patency of the ulnar Allen test
artery before establishing the radial line:
Postoperative pneumonia can be caused
Wound hematoma
by all of the following factors EXCEPT:
Signs of postoperative wound hematoma
Vomitus
are all of the following EXCEPT:
The correct sequence of acute wound
treatment is:
Postoperative hematomas in neck region
is dangerous because of the following Airway obstruction
reason:
The following points are true for Split- Needs vascular anastomosis for blood
thickness skin graftEXCEPT: supply
Seroma is a collection of the following Lymph
fluid in the wound:
Following points are true for the Treatment - Oral antibiotics
necrotizing fasciitis EXCEPT:
The following factors facilitate
postoperative hematoma formation Ice pack application on the wound
EXCEPT:
Symptoms of the postoperative
hematoma could be all the following Hypothermia
EXCEPT:
Examples of deep wound infections are Abscess under the axillary skin
following EXCEPT:
Which method is NOT used for the
Diuretic administration
treatment of the postoperative seroma:
The neck hematoma can cause: Airway obstruction
Keloids are characterized by the following Often regress over time
points EXCEPT:
Symptoms of a superficial wound Vomitus
infection are EXCEPT:
Patient describes a popping sensation
during coughing in the postoperative
wound and a discharge of Wound dehiscence
serosanguineous fluid. Possible diagnosis
is:
What is the most common location for
Sacrum
pressure ulcer in ICU patient?
Which the following factors predisposes a
Dark skin color
patient to a keloid formation?
Parallel to which of the following nerves
should the incision be made during
VII
drainage of pus after postoperative
parotitis?
Which of the following descriptions of Presence of tumor tissue during gross
surgical margins applies to R2? examination at the resection margin
Which of the following factors promotes VEGF
angiogenesis?
Deficiency in which of the following
Vitamin C
Vitamins is also called a "Scurvy"?
Deficiency in which of the following
elements can cause decreased fibroblast
Zinc
proliferation and collagen synthesis and
delay epithelialization?
Which of the following is the most severe
of complications resulting from long term Ischemic necrosis of the digits
placement of arterial line?
Which of the following phases of wound
healing are affected the most with steroid Inflammation
use?
What is a Marjolin ulcer? Malignized ulcer
Which types of wound close produces a Primary intention
hairline scar?
Which of the following factors in TNM
Size of the tumor
classification is described as T?
Which stage of pressure ulcer can be
described as ulcer with partial-thickness
Stage II
skin loss involving epidermis or dermis, or
both?
Which of the following diseases results
Osteogenesis imperfecta
from mutations in Type I collagen?
Which of the following damages to the
nerve can be described as interruption of
Axonotmesis
axonal continuity but preservation of
Schwann cell?
What time does it take for a wound to
6 weeks to 2 years
complete a remodeling phase?
During which of the following types of
Venous
ulcers is compression therapy used?
What is the average infection rate for >30%
Contaminated wounds?
Elevated levels of cancer antigen 19-9 is
most likely to indicate a tumor in which of Pancreas
the following organs?
Which of the following conditions usually
results from mutation of NADPH oxidase Chronic granulomatous disease
in phagocytes?