Disaster Managment Uttarkhand Landslides SST HHW by Anagha Shanil 9F

DISASTER
MANAGMENT
UTTARAKHAND LANDSLIDES-
2013
Anagha Shanil Vallassery

9F
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Landslides(Case Study-Landslide in Uttarkhand-2013)
1.Understanding Disaster Management:
a) Natural Disaster: abnormally

intense natural agent (such as a
flood, mudslide, earthquake,
avalanche, or drought) that cannot
be prevented by standard
precautions or cannot be prevented
from occurring.
b) Man-made Disaster: In contrast to
natural disasters brought on by
natural dangers, man-made
disasters involve human intention,
neglect, or error involving the
failure of a man-made system.
These man-made catastrophes
include criminal activity, arson,
civil unrest, terrorism, war,
biological or chemical threat, cyberattacks, etc.
c) Disaster Management: In order to decrease the

effects of disasters, disaster management is the
organization and management of resources and
responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarian
elements of situations, including preparedness,
response, and recovery.
d) Need for Disaster Management: the
provision of emergency services and
community aid during or just after a
disaster in order to preserve lives, lessen
negative effects on health, protect public
safety, and meet the fundamental needs
of those impacted.
e) Disaster Management in India: The governing authority for disaster

management in India is called the National Disaster
Management Authority (NDMA), which is presided over
by the Prime Minister of India. The Disaster
Management Act of 2005 requires the establishment of
NDMA and the development of a supportive
environment for institutional mechanisms at the State and District
levels.
2.Understanding Natural Disasters:
a) Landslide: The sliding down
of a slope of a mass of rock,
rubble, or earth is known as a
landslide. Landslides are a
sort of "mass wasting," which
refers to any downward
movement of soil or rock
caused by gravity alone.
b) Types of landslide :
c) Causes of Landslide in Uttarakhand(2013): Two hydropower stations were

damaged, and 200 people were either
killed or missing as a result of the
massive avalanche that was triggered by
a rock wedge bearing a steep hanging
glacier breaking off a ridge in the
Himalayan Alps.
d) Impact of Uttarakhand landslide on lives of people: Uttarakhand saw most

of the fatalities—more than 89%.
According to data released by the
Government of Uttarakhand as of
July 16, 2013, more than 5,700
individuals were "presumed dead."
934 locals were included in this
total. Later, a death toll of 6,054
was reported.
e) Impact of Uttarakhand landslide on
infrastructure of state: The
Uttarakhand Disaster Mitigation and
Management Centre reported that
during this time, hundreds of homes,
other buildings, roads, and bridges
suffered damage.
f) Impact of Uttarakhand landslide on

economy of country: At the end of the
recovery phase, there would have been a
total economic loss of more than $3.8 billion,
including an estimated $1 billion loss in
tourism earnings for the year.
3.Analyzing strategies for Recovery:

a) Strategies adopted for rapid recovery from
landslide: Operation Surya Hope became
Operation Ganga Prahar on June 19, and there
were 5,600 Army personnel in the impacted
area at that time. The number of Army
personnel in the mission area has risen to about
8,500 by June 27, 2013.
b) Strategies adopted for rehabilitation: According to the Central

Water Commission, by properly implementing the catchment area
treatment plan, which includes stabilizing landslide-prone areas,
reservoirs, rim treatment work plants, etc., the likelihood of
landslides can be avoided or significantly reduced.
c) Strategies adopted for reconstruction:
• SEEDS (Sustainable Environment and Ecological Development Society) swiftly

sent out a response team to help the impacted families due to the magnitude of
the disaster. Food products and dry rations were provided by the government and
civil society organizations. Additionally, common shelter locations were being
noted. Since much of this work was poorly planned, it was challenging to
determine what was really needed. However, two critical need areas jumped
apparent. In the communal shelters, women's privacy was a problem, and families
lacked the cooking equipment needed to prepare the dry rations that were being
distributed.
• In Rudraprayag district, 193 of the most vulnerable families received family
tents and utensil sets.Continuing education was another concern because the
majority of the schools in these areas were also impacted. There were 5 schools.
4.Evaluating Government Initiatives:
1) Methods adopted for prevention of landslide:

 DO'S
i. Plan a trip to a
mountainous area using
the weather forecast or
news reports as a guide.
ii. Quickly and without

wasting any time, get away
from the landslide path or the valleys downstream.
iii. Maintain a clean drain,
iv. Check drains for debris such as trash, leaves, plastic bags,
and rubble.
a. Maintain an open weep hole.
Expand the number of trees with deep roots that can hold soil,
vii. Look for signs of landslides, such as fractures in the ground,
rockfall, and building subsidence, and shift to safer regions.
Landslides upstream are evident even in muddy river waters.
viii. Take note of such indications and get in touch with the
closest Tehsil or District Head Office.
ix. Watch out for cutting the slope's toe, make sure it's
protected, and avoid uprooting trees unless re-vegetation is
intended.
x. Pay attention to odd noises, like tree sounds.
 DON'TS
i. Try to stay away from construction sites and vulnerable neighbourhoods.
ii. Try not to lose energy by crying out of fear.
iii. Avoid touching or walking on exposed electrical wiring and poles.
iv. Avoid constructing homes close to drainage paths and steep slopes.
v. Drinking contaminated water straight from rivers, springs, or wells is not
advised, however rainwater that has been gathered directly from the sky is safe.
vi. Unless the injured person is in immediate danger, never move them without
first aiding them.
2) Preparedness & Effectiveness of methods adopted:
In the state of Uttarakhand, there are numerous ongoing and active landslides
that are harming both state and federal routes. These roadways are kept clear of
landslides by the Uttarakhand PWD and the Border Roads Organisation (BRO) of
India. These organizations' present approach is to go from being reactive (clearing
garbage, cutting in-hill slopes, etc.) to being proactive (stabilizing a slope right
away after the roadcut, as in the instance of the Zirakpur-Parwanoo highway).
5. Devising Strategies for Mitigation:
Creation or designation of a core group or
nodal agency. According to Japan's
International Sabo Network, the
organization or group should include
certain technical people as well as
representatives from the departments of
various stakeholders (such as the PWD,
Forest Department, Irrigation
Department, Revenue Department,
DMMC, and Geology and Mining Unit). A
senior officer, perhaps a chief secretary,
should be in charge of this central organization or core group. Upon its
establishment, the Landslide Mitigation body, a core group or nodal body, would
oversee the departments of all stakeholders. In order to plan and create
stabilization measures, not only for individual landslides but also for the stability
of entire communities, it will help all the stakeholders' departments to freely
interact and collaborate.
The nodal agency must have separate centers to perform the following tasks:
• Hazard and risk assessment: The DMMC, Geology and Mining Unit, and other
research institutes may work together to complete this mission.
• Slope stabilization control measures and related design: The DMMC and
Geology and Mining Unit, in conjunction with various research institutions, may
also complete this duty, and the Uttarakhand PWD may prepare an estimate of
the design's cost.
• Implementation of stabilization measures: This task could be outsourced to
private agencies.
6.BIBLIOGRAPHY:
i. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_North_India_floods#:~:text=Over%208
9%25%20of%20the%20casualties,was%20later%20placed%20at%206%2C0
54.
ii. https://www.seedsindia.org/portfolio/rebuilding-uttarakhand-after-2013-
flash-floods/
iii. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/356141519221927817/pdf
/123647-WP-P146653-PUBLIC-Hazard-Vulnerability-Uttarakhand-India-
Feb2018-print.pdf

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DISASTER

Anagha Shanil Vallassery

1.Understanding Disaster Management:

a) Natural Disaster: abnormally

c) Disaster Management: In order to decrease the

e) Disaster Management in India: The governing authority for disaster

c) Causes of Landslide in Uttarakhand(2013): Two hydropower stations were

d) Impact of Uttarakhand landslide on lives of people: Uttarakhand saw most

f) Impact of Uttarakhand landslide on

3.Analyzing strategies for Recovery:

b) Strategies adopted for rehabilitation: According to the Central

• SEEDS (Sustainable Environment and Ecological Development Society) swiftly

1) Methods adopted for prevention of landslide:

ii. Quickly and without

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