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Network

A computer network connects computers together to share resources. It allows users to share hardware, files, and software. The main components of a network are nodes, network cards, cables, hubs, switches, routers, and wireless access points. There are several types of networks including personal area networks, local area networks, metropolitan area networks, and wide area networks which connect devices over different distances and areas.

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22 views2 pages

Network

A computer network connects computers together to share resources. It allows users to share hardware, files, and software. The main components of a network are nodes, network cards, cables, hubs, switches, routers, and wireless access points. There are several types of networks including personal area networks, local area networks, metropolitan area networks, and wide area networks which connect devices over different distances and areas.

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- Computer network- A computer network is defined as a group of computers or

other peripheral devices that are linked together for the purpose of sharing data and
hardware resources.
- Node- An individual computer in a computer network is called Node.
- The computers in a network can be linked through cables, telephone lines, radio
waves or infrared light beams.
- Advantages of networking- In a computer network, all the hardware and software
resources can be shared among the users in a network. The additional peripheral
devices can be connected to one central computer and can be shared among the
others. It also becomes easier and convenient to share files through networking. Its
less time consuming and is also fast
- Disadvantages of networking- Managing a large computer can be challenging. It
requires expertise and special training. If the server breaks down in a network, then
all the other computers become isolated. A computer network is also at a risk of
getting attacked by external threats like viruses, unauthorised use of resources. If the
network isn't secured, then the data might be at risk.
- Network card- A network card is used to physically connect a computer to a
network so that it can participate in a network communication. Ethernet network
card is the most commonly used card. Nowadays, in most of the computers, a
network card is inbuilt
- Networking cable- Modem ethernet cables use twisted pair cable containing 8
wires. These wires are arranged in a special order and an RJ-45 is crimped at both
ends of the cable.
- Modem- A model enables you to connect your computer to the available network
connection over the existing telephone line. It converts the digital signals of a
computer to analog signals to enable the transmission via phone lines.
- Hub- A hub is a network device that is used to connect the computers in a network to
each other . When a computer sends a request, it is first sent to the hub by a cable.
The hub then transmits the message to all the other computers which check whether
the message belongs to them or not. If not, the message is dropped. This process is
called broadcasting.
- Switch- A switch works similar to a hub but unlike the hub the switch does not
broadcast the message on the entire network instead it transmits the messages
directly from the source computer to the destination computer through a physical
address which makes the process faster.
- Router- A router is a device that connects 2 different types of network with each
other for example a LAN and a WAN. Apart from transmitting the message from the
source to the destination computer, routers also provide the best way to transmit the
message which makes the process faster.
- Wireless Networking- It allows the network to be deployed without cabling.
Spaces, such as outdoor areas where cables cannot be laid, have wireless networking.
- Components of wireless networking
1) Wireless network- Wireless Network cards are used instead of normal network
cards used in wired networks. Most laptops have an inbuilt wireless network card in
them. Radio signals are used for transmitting messages, hence Ethernet cable is not
required.
2) Access points or Routers- Routers or access points have a wireless antenna which
increases the communication range of radio signals. They can also be used to join
wired networks thus making the network a combination of both wireless and wired

- PAN (Personal Area Network)- PAN is a computer network that is mainly


created for an individual person. It is used for communication among devices such as
laptops, phones, smartphones. PAN can be either wired or wireless. It generally
covers a range of less than 10 metres
- LAN (Local Area Network)- In LAN 2 or more computers and other peripheral
devices are connected within a small area such as a room,an office building or a
campus. In LAN, the computers are physically connected with wires. The data
transmission speed is very fast. Since it operates in a small area, it can be controlled
by a simple person or organisation.
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)- MAN is a larger network than LAN and is
spread across the city.Since it covers the entire city, it is called metropolitan. The
most common example of MAN is the city cable network.
- WAN( Wide Area Network)- This kind of network connects computers with each
other at distant places. They are linked by communication facilities like
telecommunication or satellite signals. WAN requires a public telecommunication
media to transfer data. Examples of WAN are Internet, ATM Facility etc

- Network architecture- A network architecture is an overall design of a computer


network that describes how a computer network is configured and what strategies are
being used in it
- Server- A server is a computer that provides service to clients and controls access to
hardware, software and other resources
- Client server network-

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